CN106858609A - 一种多用途的天然海洋生物钙制剂 - Google Patents
一种多用途的天然海洋生物钙制剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种多用途的天然海洋生物钙制剂，以无污染海域软体动物的外壳、珍珠、珊瑚、鱼骨等海洋生物钙原料经过多次不完全煅烧工艺制备成含有适量活性钙的纳米级孔径的多孔微观结构的生物钙粉，可用作人体补钙制剂、食材食具的清洁剂、保温材料的保温导热促进剂等。本发明根据不同用途，采用相应的原料配比和工艺技术，获得天然优质的生物钙细粉：用作人体的补钙制剂，可安全高效的被人体吸收；用作清洁剂，可高效清除果蔬等食材及食具表面附着的有害物质，安全无二次污染；用作保温导热促进剂，添加到保温复合材料中，可有效提高蓄热容量与导热系数。本发明解决了陆地生物钙源重金属含量超标问题，并制备获得具有多用途的优质海洋生物钙制剂。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物钙技术领域，具体涉及一种多用途的天然海洋生物钙制剂。
背景技术
人体是一个有机的生命体，钙元素在人体机能中发挥着很多的作用，参与神经肌肉的应激过程,调节细胞内的各种功能，促进腺体和神经介质的分泌，促进糖原合成、分解及电解质的转运，参与血液的凝固，维持细胞膜的通透性及完整性，参与人体免疫反应，加快吞噬细胞的吞噬过程，增加人体的免疫力。如果人体长期钙摄入不足，就可能导致骨质疏松、骨质增生、佝偻病、手足抽搐症、高血压、肾结石、结肠癌、老年痴呆等疾病。因此补充钙质对人体保持健康非常重要，而补充钙制剂是人体补钙的首选。
现有技术中的补钙制剂，在原料选用、钙质利用度及人体吸收率上差别较大。动物骨骼钙磷比例与人体骨骼相近，是较好的生物钙来源，但是陆地动物骨骼钙通常都含有铅、汞等重金属，作为钙源长期服用容易造成铅、汞、镉等重金属在人体内积蓄，影响人体生理系统的正常运行，甚至形成二次中毒。据国家主管部门对185种钙类保健食品的抽样调查结果显示，钙类保健食品未达标的主要问题是重金属和细菌数多重超标，因此采用无污染海域生物钙源是很好的选择，可以解决陆地钙源重金属污染的问题。
目前市场上钙元素含量最高的是活性钙，大多数是采用碳酸钙矿石(如石灰石)通过1200℃以上的煅烧温度，一次性煅烧2～3小时的方法制得，但所得活性钙碱性太高，对人体胃肠道有刺激而不利人体健康。其中公开号为ZL 200310122667.0、名称为“一种安全复式生物钙制剂”的发明专利中，所述生物钙制剂以鱼骨粉或者鸡蛋壳为原料制的活性钙制剂和呈酸性辅助营养制剂进行复合而成，主要应用于人体补钙和有机材料的保温导热。因此通过开发海洋生物钙源包括海洋软体动物的外壳(蚬壳、贝壳)、珍珠、珊瑚、海带、海藻和鱼骨等，采用优化的煅烧工艺技术制备富含活性钙的安全高效生物钙制剂，利用天然海洋生物钙源富含磷酸钙络合物、碳酸钙的特质以及多次不完全煅烧工艺形成的纳米级微孔机构、较大比表面积、孔隙率高、易降解、易吸收、易吸附等特性，不仅用作人体补钙制剂和保温导热促进剂，还可以应用于其他领域，不仅丰富了生物钙制剂的钙源、也解决了陆地生物钙源重金属、化学污染等问题，具有非常重大的社会经济价值和环保效益。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种多用途的天然海洋生物钙制剂，以海洋软体动物的外壳(蚬壳、贝壳)、珍珠、珊瑚、海带、海藻和鱼骨等为原料，经过配方、粉碎研磨、过筛和多次不完全煅烧，再与其他含钙制剂复合而成，用作人体补钙制剂、食材食具清洗剂和复合材料保温导热促进剂。具体地，可以通过以下技术方案来实现：
一种多用途的天然海洋生物钙制剂，所述生物钙制剂是由海洋生物钙原料经过配方、粉碎研磨、过筛和多次不完全煅烧制成具有纳米级孔径的多孔微观结构的生物钙粉，再配伍其他钙制剂复合而成；
进一步地，所述海洋生物钙原料包括海洋软体动物的外壳(蚬壳、贝壳)、珍珠、珊瑚、海带、海藻和鱼骨中的一种或几种混合；
进一步地，所述纳米级孔径的多孔微观结构为蜂窝状、柱状、管壳状、片层状、脉状结构；
进一步地，所述其他含钙制剂为含钙离子的辅助补钙制剂，所述辅助补钙剂是葡萄糖酸钙、乳酸钙、醋酸钙、磷酸钙、枸橼酸钙、氨基酸鳌合钙、L～苏糖酸钙中的一种或几种混合，以适应不同人体内部的不同生物生理环境(消化系统、体液消化系统与内分泌系统)；
进一步地，所述生物钙制剂作为人体补钙制剂的应用，所述生物钙制剂的钙磷比不小于1.2:1，使人体对钙的吸收更容易，安全、高效，尤其适合于儿童和中老年补钙及补充其他营养素；
进一步地，所述生物钙制剂作为食材食具清洗剂的应用，可用作食材食具无二次污染的天然清洁剂，例如，用于清除水果蔬菜等食材表面重金属、环境毒素、农药残留的清洗剂；
进一步地，所述生物钙制剂作为保温导热促进剂的应用，所述生物钙制剂在以蓄热保温为目的的有机复合材料中加入比例按重量份为0.8％～5％，可改善复合材料的物理密度、形状和强度，提高蓄热容量，获得理想的导热系数；
进一步地，所述不完全煅烧的次数为2～5次，不完全煅烧的温度为800～1200℃，每次不完全煅烧的时间为20～60分钟，所述不完全燃烧的次数、温度与时间依据所述海洋生物钙制剂的用途来决定；
进一步地，所述海洋生物钙占所述生物钙制剂按重量份的比例为85％以上。
本发明具有如下优点：
1、本发明以多种海洋软体动物的外壳(蚬壳、贝壳)、珍珠、珊瑚、海带、海藻和鱼骨等为原料，很好的丰富了天然生物钙制剂的优质钙源，经过配方、粉碎研磨、过筛和多次不完全煅烧，制备成具有较大的比表面积、较高的孔隙率、较低的活化能、适宜活性钙含量的纳米级孔径的多孔微观结构的生物钙粉，决定了本发明在人体补钙、食材食具清洗剂、保温材料的保温导热促进剂等领域中具有更为出色的应用；
2、通过配伍一定比例的其他含钙制剂，以适应不同人体内部的不同生物生理环境，使人体对钙的吸收更容易、安全、高效；
3、丰富了生物钙制剂的用途，采用独创的多次不完全煅烧工艺，制备适宜活性钙含量的安全天然生物钙制剂，针对不同用途，采用相应的原料配比和煅烧工艺技术，再配伍一定比例的其他含钙制剂，实现适宜的钙磷比，使人体对钙的吸收更容易、安全、高效；通过本发明优化的煅烧工艺，增加了活性钙的含量，用作食材食具无二次污染的天然清洁剂，具有比普通氧化钙更好的稳定性，更为明显的抑菌灭菌以及吸附农药、环境毒素和重金属铅镉离子的效果；在以蓄热保温为目的的有机物复合材料中加入一定量本发明生物钙制剂，利用其高的孔隙率和比表面积等特性，可改善复合材料的物理密度、形状和强度，可提高蓄热容量，获得理想的导热系数。
具体实施方式
以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
作为人体钙补充剂：保健食品与药物添加剂。
一种多用途的天然海洋生物钙制剂，所述生物钙制剂由无污染海域海洋软体动物的蚬壳、珍珠、珊瑚、鳕鱼骨经过配方、粉碎研磨、过筛后进行3次不完全煅烧，第一次煅烧温度为800～900℃，煅烧时间为40～50分钟，第二次煅烧温度为900～1000℃，煅烧时间为40～45分钟，第三次煅烧温度为1000～1200℃，煅烧时间为20分钟，煅烧后制得具有纳米级孔径的管壳状多孔微观结构的生物钙粉并配伍重量份为5％～10％的葡萄糖酸钙，采用常规方法制成片剂、冲剂、膏剂或胶囊，通过调节蚬壳、贝壳、珍珠、珊瑚、鳕鱼骨的配比和葡萄糖酸钙的加入量，调节适宜的钙磷比，小孩的补钙制剂优选钙磷比不小于1.2:1，成人的补钙制剂优选钙磷比不小于1:1，确保人体更加安全、高效的吸收钙元素。
实施例2
作为食品与营养功能食品的补充钙元素的食品添加剂。
一种多用途的天然海洋生物钙制剂，所述生物钙制剂由无污染海域的鳕鱼骨、海洋软体动物的蚬壳经过配方、粉碎研磨、过筛后进行2次不完全煅烧，第一次煅烧温度为800～900℃，煅烧时间为20分钟，第二次煅烧温度为900～1100℃，煅烧时间为20～35分钟，煅烧后制得具有纳米级孔径的管壳状、脉状多孔微观结构的生物钙粉并配伍重量份为10％～12％的氨基酸鳌合钙、乳酸钙，通过调节鳕鱼骨、蚬壳的配比得到适宜钙磷比，作为食品添加剂使用，制成高钙冷冻食品、高钙膏剂、高钙果冻、高钙预包装食品等。
实施例3
作为天然安全高效食材食具清洗剂。
一种多用途的天然海洋生物钙制剂，所述生物钙制剂由无污染海域的海洋软体动物的蚬壳、贝壳和珊瑚经过配方、粉碎研磨、过筛后进行2次不完全煅烧，第一次煅烧温度为800～1000℃，煅烧时间为20～30分钟，第二次煅烧温度为1000～1200℃，煅烧时间为40～50分钟，煅烧后制得具有纳米级孔径的管壳状、片层状、脉状多孔微观结构的生物钙粉作为食材食具的灭菌消毒清洁剂的主要原料，制成食材食具无二次污染的天然清洁剂，并加入适量的海藻盐等天然添加剂，可有效提高灭菌效率，有效去除果蔬食材等表面吸附的农药、重金属和其他的环境毒素。
实施例4
作为保温导热促进剂。
一种多用途的天然海洋生物钙制剂，所述生物钙制剂无污染海域的海洋软体动物的蚬壳、贝壳经过配方、粉碎研磨、过筛后进行不完全煅烧为4次，第一次煅烧温度为800～900℃，煅烧时间为20分钟，第二次煅烧温度为900～1000℃，煅烧时间为20分钟，第三次煅烧温度为1000～1100℃，煅烧时间为20分钟，第四次煅烧温度为1100～1200℃，煅烧时间为20分钟，煅烧后制得具有纳米级孔径的管壳状、蜂窝状多孔微观结构的生物钙粉，所得生物钙粉以0.8％～5％的比例添加到以蓄热保温为目的的有机复合材料(如淀粉)中，有效的改善了复合材料的物理密度、形状和强度，蓄热容量提高20％以上，导热系数提高20～30％。
虽然，上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施例对本发明作了详尽的描述，但在本发明基础上，可以对之作一些修改或改进，这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此，在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进，均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种多用途的天然海洋生物钙制剂，其特征在于：所述生物钙制剂是由海洋生物钙原料经过配方、粉碎研磨、过筛和多次不完全煅烧制成具有纳米级孔径的多孔微观结构的生物钙粉，再配伍其他钙制剂复合而成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的海洋生物钙制剂，其特征在于：所述海洋生物钙原料包括海洋软体动物的外壳(蚬壳、贝壳)、珍珠、珊瑚、海带、海藻和鱼骨中的一种或几种混合。
3.根据权利要求1所述的海洋生物钙制剂，其特征在于：所述纳米级孔径的多孔微观结构为蜂窝状、柱状、管壳状、片层状、脉状结构。
4.根据权利要求1所述的海洋生物钙制剂，其特征在于：所述其他含钙制剂为含钙离子的辅助补钙制剂，所述辅助补钙剂是葡萄糖酸钙、乳酸钙、醋酸钙、磷酸钙、枸橼酸钙、氨基酸鳌合钙、L-苏糖酸钙中的一种或几种混合。
5.根据权利要求1所述的海洋生物钙制剂作为人体补钙制剂的应用，其特征在于：所述生物钙制剂的中的钙磷比不小于1.2∶1。
6.根据权利要求1所述的海洋生物钙制剂作为食材食具清洗剂的应用。
7.根据权利要求1所述的海洋生物钙制剂作为保温材料的保温导热促进剂的应用，其特征在于：所述生物钙制剂在以蓄热保温为目的的有机复合材料中加入比例按重量份为0.8％～5％。
8.根据权利要求1所述的海洋生物钙制剂，其特征在于：所述不完全煅烧的次数为2～5次，不完全煅烧的温度为800～1200℃，每次不完全煅烧的时间为20～60分钟；所述不完全燃烧的次数、温度与时间依据所述海洋生物钙制剂的用途来决定。
9.根据权利要求1所述的海洋生物钙制剂，其特征在于：所述海洋生物钙占所述生物钙制剂按重量份的比例为85％以上。
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