CN106852334A - A kind of method for integrated control of Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker - Google Patents
A kind of method for integrated control of Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker Download PDFInfo
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- CN106852334A CN106852334A CN201611254801.6A CN201611254801A CN106852334A CN 106852334 A CN106852334 A CN 106852334A CN 201611254801 A CN201611254801 A CN 201611254801A CN 106852334 A CN106852334 A CN 106852334A
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- occrycetin
- integrated control
- acid sodium
- sustained release
- release agent
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/18—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, directly attached to a heterocyclic or cycloaliphatic ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/42—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing within the same carbon skeleton a carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a carbon atom having only two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. keto-carboxylic acids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/80—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method for integrated control of Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker, methods described includes that early stage notes two steps of dry application medicine and foliar spray, and in early stage note dry application medicine step, first using tetramycin and S abscisic acids, it is 5 that 1 active ingredient is then filled in orifice:1‑1:The compounding sustained release agent of 5 usnic acid sodium and occrycetin, then seals sealing；In foliar spray step, liquid level spraying is carried out using benziothiazolinone.The present invention catches the rest period of germ for the Present site and harmful characteristics of Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker, and the mode that medicine and spray pesticide are combined is buried in dry application medicine, tree body using noting, and system removes pathogen harm, the effect with sustainable prevention and control canker.And selection pharmacy effect mechanism is various, the drug-fast generation of germ is effectively prevent, with preferable industry application value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, the more particularly to prevention and control field of Kiwi berry crop, and in particular to a kind of Mi
The method for integrated control of monkey peach canker.
Technical background
Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker is by pseudomonas syringae Kiwi berry pvs oryzae and oryzicola (Pseudomonas
Syringaepv.actinidiae, Psa) bacterial disease for causing is infected, with latency, spread speed is fast, prevent and treat difficult
The features such as, it has also become the destructive disease in a kind of production of harm world Kiwi berry.Mainly there are two periods of disease in production, the
One period of disease for the early spring (late Febuary and early March) start morbidity, with endanger trunk, branches and tendrils morbidity based on, block micro-pipe
Element.Hereafter raised with temperature, trunk and branches and tendrils taper off morbidity, morbidity is started on blade, bud and petal.May thanks to the florescence
When temperature is higher, disease stops development.Before and after second occurrent time is autumn fructescence.Typically opened in mid or late September
Originate disease, main harm autumn growth blade, the seldom morbidity of trunk, branches and tendrils.In other periods, pathogen is dived due to temperature
Volt is in plant is respectively organized.
In terms of the control strategy of Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker, due to lacking resistant variety, current prophylactico-therapeutic measures is main passing through
The broad spectrum activity bactericidal medicament such as copper agent and agricultural streptomycin sulphate is sprayed or smears to prevent, but due to the disease Present site
Special, hazard approach is various, and both means of prevention prevention and control capabilities are limited, and prevention effect is poor in production, it is impossible to meet Kiwi berry
Canker prevents and treats demand.
Present site and natural occurrence feature based on Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker bacterium, take effectively preventing medicament and have
Targetedly application method will be the key for controlling the disease.
In terms of insecticide-applying way, traditional spray mode is only effective to endangering the germ of blade；Smear also only for plant
The germ on stem surface is effective, and stem inside germ is then difficult to play a part of preventing and treating.Meanwhile, germ at different temperatures,
Its existence and fertility also have obvious difference, avoid its Period of reproductive peak, select suitable dispenser period, are conducive to germ
Removing.
Based on problem above, suitable medicament and concentration are found, for Various Seasonal germ main harm feature, choosing
It is the key factor for preventing and treating Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker to select suitable insecticide-applying way and period.
In spring, Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker bacterium main harm plant tubulin, in terms of for harm tubulin disease control,
It is a kind of important application method using dry pesticide application technology is noted.The current technology is preventing and treating mulberry yellow awarf, fruit tree yellowing disease, jujube
The disease controls such as crazy disease, pine wilt disease, robur early ageing disease aspect achieves significant effect, but in preventing and treating Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker
Upper application is less.During using note dry application medicine technology prevention Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker, following supplementary measures need to be solved：One asks for sealing
Topic, particularly the Kiwi berry bleeding phase in spring, root pressure are big, and weather wetting, easy infection saprophytic bacteria need to use High-strength waterproof
Sealing medicine puree.Two is dispenser period, to avoid the bleeding phase, is otherwise also easy to produce liquid and flows backwards phenomenon, accelerates kiwi fruit plant dead.
Three is the germ reproduction prevalence high-incidence season for the bleeding phase, to improve effect, sustained release bactericide need to be added in orifice, improves medicament
Kill germ degree.
After in spring, young leaves grows and autumn, Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker main harm blade.Therefore the selection of this period is suitable
Medicament, concentration and use age be preventing and treating key.
In sum, using above-mentioned key factor, a kind of integrated control side of practicable Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker is found
Method, is the important channel for preventing and treating Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to abandon the resistance to the action of a drug that prior art drug effect dispensary brings and the dry application process of note is easy
Liquid is produced to flow backwards the side effects such as phenomenon, there is provided a kind of method for integrated control of Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker.
To realize the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of method for integrated control of Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker, it is characterised in that methods described comprises the following steps：
Step one, early stage note dry application medicine：In the January in November to the coming year of the previous year, following two steps dispenser is carried out：
(1) the note dry application medicine of tetramycin and S- abscisic acids is administered simultaneously, tetramycin application concentration lures anti-for 75 μ g/mL, S-
Plain application concentration is 10 μ g/mL, and liquid measure has 500mL, transfusion time 10d altogether；
During note dry application medicine, in downward-sloping 45 degree of angular bit holes at 6~15cm of butt to trees xylem, note is dry
Depth carries out noting dry no more than the 1/2 of trunk diameter during infusion niidl insertion has been bored into tree hole；
(2) it is 51 active ingredient then to be filled in orifice:1-1:The compounding sustained release of 5 usnic acid sodium and occrycetin
Agent, then seals sealing.
Step 2, foliar spray：In the month in coming year 4-5 and the 9-10 months, liquid level spraying is carried out from benziothiazolinone respectively, sprayed
Concentration is 30-50 grams/ha, and the 4-5 months and 9-10 month spray timings are 2-3 times.
Preferably, (2nd) step in the step one, using the usnic acid sodium of 3-10 weight % and answering for occrycetin
With sustained release agent；More preferably 5%.
Preferably, the weight ratio of usnic acid sodium and occrycetin is 3:1-1:3, most preferably 1:1；
Preferably, in the compounding sustained release agent, comprising 5% usnic acid sodium and occrycetin, the alkyl phenol of 5-25%
The polyvinyl alcohol of APEO, 3-12%, and surplus filler, described filler is precipitated calcium carbonate.
The preparation method of the application sustained release agent：Formula each component is mixed by use ratio, is granulated using spray granulation,
It is standby in the hollow soft capsule of addition 5mm after granulation shaping.
Preferably, sustained release agent prescription is：5% usnic acid sodium and occrycetin, 8% APES,
5% polyvinyl alcohol, 82% precipitated calcium carbonate.
Preferably, the compounding sustained release agent is configured to the particle that particle diameter is 0.1-0.3mm, while the particle is added to directly
Footpath is 5mm, highly for stand-by in the hollow soft capsule of 1.5cm.
Preferably, (2nd) step in step one, is sealed using following High-strength waterproof sealing medicine puree, described
Medicine puree includes two groups of compositions of following A, B：
Component A is：
Epoxy resin 40wt%；
Dioctyl phthalate 3.5wt%；
Polyamide wax 5wt%；
Talcum powder 46wt%；
Benziothiazolinone 0.5wt%；
Carbendazim 5%wt%；
B component is：
Polyamide curing agent 45wt%；
Talcum powder 40wt%；
Calcium carbonate 10wt%；
Dioctyl phthalate 5wt%；
When being sealed using the medicine puree, by A and B component by weight 1：1 it is well mixed after be applied at orifice.
The application High-strength waterproof seals the preparation method of medicine puree：A and B are mixed by formula respectively, using multi-functional
Agitator is stirred uniformly respectively, then by A and B component sealing preserve.
Unless otherwise indicated, " % " in this specification is " percentage by weight ".
The present invention catches the rest period of germ for the Present site and harmful characteristics of Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker, dry using note
The mode that dispenser and spray pesticide are combined, system removes pathogen harm, the effect with sustainable prevention and control canker.And choosing
Select pharmacy effect mechanism various, effectively prevent the drug-fast generation of germ.
The present invention with the addition of orifice filling sustained release agent and sealing measure on the basis of tradition note dry application medicine measure, increase
The lasting prevention and control ability of medicament, effectively prevent the Kiwi berry bleeding phase is unable to dispenser, causes the problem that prevention effect is undesirable.
The sustained release agent that the present invention is developed has the effect of dual-sustained-release, discharges medicament more slow, further increases
The lasting effect of medicament.
Further, the sealing medicine puree that the present invention is developed has intensity high, and hydrophobicity is strong, and various saprophytic bacterias are controlled with simultaneous
With the effect of fungi, solve that Kiwi berry bleeding phase root pressure is big, the extravasation of plant body fluid is serious, what conventional lid closures agent was difficult to seal asks
Topic, and can effectively solve wound infection.
Biological Examples
First, the Chemicals of Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker are prevented and treated
1. method
1.1 medicament primary dcreening operations
Using inhibition zone method, Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker bacterial strain is moved on into activation culture on LB solid mediums, then be enlarged
Culture, it is 10 to be configured to concentration with sterilized water afterwards6~107The bacteria suspension of cfu/mL.In the culture dish of each a diameter of 9cm
The solid LB media of about 10mL thawings is poured into, flat board is made after shaking up, take the LB that 50 μ L bacteria suspensions are uniformly coated on cooling
On flat board.The mass concentration of 18 kinds of test medicines is diluted to 2.5mg/mL, each placement 3 has sterilized in each culture dish
Oxford cup, take the μ L of each reagent agent 200 and be separately added into the Oxford cup of each ware, blank (CK), the training of 28 DEG C of constant temperature are set
48h is cultivated in foster case, obvious antibacterial phenomenon is whether there is around observation Oxford cup, to determine the medicament to be measured of Toxicity Determination,
Experiment is repeated 3 times.
The measure of the minimum inhibitory concentration of 1.2 test medicines
The broth dilution method of the Zhao Ling rising suns is used for reference, to suppressing 5 kinds of best lists of Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker bacterium effect in primary dcreening operation result
Agent agricultural chemicals carries out lowest bacteria fogging-resistant concentration determining.First by 5 kinds of test medicines dilute 10 times it is stand-by.Then sterilizing test tubes 13 are taken,
It is arranged in a row, in addition to the 1st pipe adds 9mLLB culture mediums, remaining often pipe addition LB culture medium 5mL add antibacterials in the 1st pipe
1mL is mixed, and then absorption 5mL to the 2nd is managed, and draws the pipes of 5mL to the 3rd after mixing again, and so continuous doubling dilution to the 12nd is managed, and
Draw 5mL from the 12nd pipe to discard, the 13rd pipe is the growth control of not drug containing.Then each 1mL of bacteria suspension is added in every pipe,
Sealed with test tube plug, be placed in dark culturing in 28 DEG C of incubators.Visually observed after 72h, to completely inhibit the minimum of colony growth
Drug concentration is as the medicament to the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker pathogen.
The Toxicity Determination of 1.3 test medicines
Using turbidity method, 5 kinds of best single dose agricultural chemicals of Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker bacterium effect will be suppressed in primary dcreening operation result to be carried out
Toxicity test, using streptomycin sulphate as comparison medicament.The mass concentration of each test medicine is matched into 5 concentration gradients, will
The strain aqua sterilisa of activation is diluted to 1 × 107Cfu/mL bacteria suspensions.Then to addition in each 50mL sterilizing conical flasks
20mLLB fluid nutrient mediums and 1mL bacterium solutions, each concentration tests medicaments of absorption 1mL are added in corresponding conical flask.With containing only LB liquid
Body culture medium and bacterium solution make blank, and each treatment sets 3 repetitions.After being mixed, determine the turbidity of each treatment and record
Data.Then each treatment is placed in 28 DEG C~30 DEG C, shaken cultivation 12h under conditions of 120r/min treats that blank treatment reaches
During to exponential phase, the final turbidity of each treatment is determined.With streptomycin sulphate as comparison medicament, compare it with each investigational agent
The bacteriostasis property of agent.Because the changing value Δ A of turbidity is directly proportional to the increment of bacterium, test medicine is calculated as follows
To the inhibiting rate of Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker bacteria growing amount.
Wherein, P is antibacterial growth rate, A0It is blank turbidity value added, A1It is chemicals treatment turbidity value added.
Inhibiting rate is converted into niqueMin, the logarithm value of reagent agent concentration is obtained, antibacterial niqueMin is calculated and is supplied with least square method
The virulence regression equation of reagent agent concentration logarithm, obtains EC50、EC95And its 95% confidence limit.
2. result
2.1 test medicine primary dcreening operation results
Primary dcreening operation is often carried out with bactericide to 18 kinds of in the markets using inhibition zone method, indoor virulence medicament to be measured is determined.Knot
Fruit shows：In the case of identical active constituent content, tetramycin is best to the fungistatic effect of Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker bacterium, inhibition zone
It is 7.28cm, secondly, inhibition zone is 5.61cm to benziothiazolinone；Usnic acid sodium, S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate, occrycetin, Kocide SD, streptomysin
There is certain bacteriostasis to germ with 6 kinds of bactericide of Zhongshengmycin；But 10 kinds of sterilizations such as zinc thiazole, new phytomycin, Thiodiazole-copper
Agent is without obvious bacteriostasis (being shown in Table 1).
The kiwi berry bacterial canker protective agents primary dcreening operation result of table 1
Note：- indicate without bacteriostasis；++ represent transparent；+ represent translucent
The measurement result of 2.2 test medicine minimum inhibitory concentrations
According to reagent primary dcreening operation result, 5 kinds of best medicaments of fungistatic effect are selected, be respectively tetramycin, benziothiazolinone, usnic acid
Sodium, occrycetin and S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate, determine its minimum inhibitory concentration value (MIC), the results are shown in Table 2, as shown in Table 2, tetramycin MIC
It is 16.25mg/L to be worth；Benziothiazolinone MIC value is 40.6250mg/L；And usnic acid sodium, occrycetin and S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate are from No. 4
Test tube starts colony growth occur, and its MIC value is all higher than 150mg/L.
The minimum inhibitory concentration of the Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker pesticide control of table 2
The Toxicity Determination result of 2.3 test medicines
Determine the virulence of tetramycin, benziothiazolinone, usnic acid sodium, occrycetin, S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate respectively using turbidity method.
Result shows：Tetramycin is best to the indoor inhibitory effect of Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker bacterium, its EC50Value is minimum, is 3.1743mg/L, and
The EC of benziothiazolinone, usnic acid sodium, occrycetin and S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate50Value (is shown in Table 3) between 10~30mg/L.
Tested more than, from tetramycin, benziothiazolinone, usnic acid sodium and occrycetin as preventing and treating after considering
The medicament of Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker.
35 kinds of medicament indoor virulence measurement results of table
2nd, the dry application technology of tetramycin note
1. method
1.1 experimental designs
Test is carried out in August, 2014 in April, 2015 in new people village of Hydroelectric Power Station in Sichuan Dujiangyan Jia Hong townshiies, Kiwi berry experiment
Kind is Red Male, and age of tree 8-10, canker occurs seriously, and soil fertility is medium.Selection tetramycin is used as field control effectiveness test
Medicament.Field test uses single factor test RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, and the treatment of facility medicine period, drug concentration and dispenser position often processes 3
Secondary repetition, each repeats 10 plants.
Dispenser period is processed：Tetramycin is diluted to 75 μ g/mL, it is different with December 3 respectively in August, 2014, October
Period carries out the injection dispenser of Kiwi berry xylem, and amount of infusion is 500mL.
Spraying medicine concentration treatment：In December, 2014, tetramycin is diluted to 37.5 μ g/mL, 75 μ g/mL, 150 μ g/ respectively
3 concentration of mL carry out Kiwi berry xylem injection, and amount of infusion is 500mL.
Dispenser position is processed：Tetramycin is diluted to 75 μ g/mL respectively, medicament is expelled to wood respectively in December, 2014
Matter portion and bast, amount of infusion are 500mL.
1.2 investigation methods
To late March since Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker spring period of disease is in late Febuary, 2015, every 10d respectively by strain
The branch incidence of each all Kiwi berrys for the treatment of of investigation, investigates blade incidence, record morbidity strain number and morbidity journey at the beginning of 4 months
Degree, calculates diseased plant rate, disease index and relative control effect.Disease scale standard is shown in Table 4.
The grade scale (branch) of the Kiwi berry branch canker of table 4
The grade scale (blade) of the Kiwi berry blade canker of table 5
2. result
2.1 different diluted concentration results
As shown in Table 6, the dry different quality diluted concentration of tetramycin note has to the relative prevention effect of Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker
Significant difference (P<0.05), wherein the Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker diseased plant rate for being diluted to the liquid of 150 μ g/mL and 75 μ g/mL is low, prevent
Control that effect is high, compared with the liquid of 37.5 μ g/mL is diluted to, significant difference.But various concentrations treatment does not have to blade morbidity
Show good prevention effect.Therefore it is the dry optium concentration of note from the μ g/mL of tetramycin 75.
The trunk injection result of the test (branch) of the medicament of table 6 difference diluted concentration
The trunk injection result of the test (blade) of the medicament of table 7 difference diluted concentration
2.2 different dispenser period result of the tests
The continuous tune for carrying out Kiwi berry branch and blade incidence is tested by 3 different note dry application medicine periods of field
Look into, the results are shown in Table 8 and table 9.Result shows, to Kiwi berry note effect that dry application medicine prevents and treats canker preferably in December,
Relative control effect wherein to branch is 81.10%, and the relative control effect to blade is 64.29%, relative with August part note dry application medicine
Preventive effect has significant difference (P<0.05).But still show as being far above blade prevention effect to the prevention effect of stem.Therefore
Selection December is optimal dispenser period.
The result of the test (branch) in the different trunk injection dispenser periods of table 8
The result of the test (blade) in the different trunk injection dispenser periods of table 9
2.3 different injection sites result of the tests
From table 10 and 11, the relative control effect of Kiwi berry xylem and bast to canker is injected respectively with tetramycin
There is significant difference (P<0.05), wherein the diseased plant rate of injection xylem is minimum, the relative control effect to Kiwi berry branch reaches
93.75%, the relative control effect to Kiwi berry blade is 42.86%；And the Kiwi berry branch diseased plant rate of injecting bast is high, phase
It is only 62.5% to preventive effect, to blade almost without prevention effect.
The result of the test (branch) at the different trunk injection dispenser positions of table 10
The result of the test (blade) at the different trunk injection dispenser positions of table 11
3rd, usnic acid sodium and occrycetin compound the development of sustained release agent
1. method
The screening of 1.1 usnic acid sodium and occrycetin optimum proportioning
Usnic acid sodium and occrycetin are compounded：Two kinds of active compounds are configured to 5 by active ingredient:1,3:1,1:1,
1:3,1:5 totally 5 proportioning (mass ratio).Above-mentioned formula carries out virulence survey by Study on Fungicide Toxicity method (turbidity method) respectively
It is fixed.
Mixture synergy is evaluated, with EC50Based on value, mixture joint is evaluated by calculating mixture co-toxicity coefficient
Type of action.
A medicaments therein are chosen for standard agent, each medicament toxicity index is calculated as follows：
Mixture theoretical toxicity index (TTI)=PA×A+PB×B
Wherein PA,PBTwo kinds of percentage compositions of active compound respectively in mixture, A, B is respectively two kinds of toxicity indexes of active compound.
CTC >=170 are notable synergistic, 120≤CTC<170 is slightly synergy, 70≤CTC<120 is summation action, 5CTC<
70 is antagonism.
The Field information effect of 1.2 compounding sustained release agents
Experiment is carried out in new people village of Hydroelectric Power Station in Sichuan Dujiangyan Jia Hong townshiies, and Kiwi berry tests kind for Red Male, age of tree 8-10,
Canker occurs seriously, and soil fertility is medium.In the 1-2 months in 2015, at downward-sloping 45 degree of angles at butt 10cm
To trees xylem, the dry depth of note is no more than the 1/2 of trunk diameter, the 3% usnic acid sodium and the terramycin of hydrochloric acid 0 that will be developed for drilling
Sustained release agent, 5% usnic acid sodium and occrycetin sustained release agent, 7% usnic acid sodium and occrycetin sustained release agent and 10% sunglo
Sour sodium and occrycetin sustained release agent are filled in orifice, sealing；It is control with sealing after orifice.In Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker spring hair
The sick initial stage is to start to late March in late Febuary, 2015, every 10d respectively by the branch of each all Kiwi berrys for the treatment of of strain investigation
Incidence.Field test uses single factor test RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, often processes 3 repetitions, and each repeats 10 plants.
3% usnic acid sodium and occrycetin sustained release agent prescription：1.5% usnic acid sodium, 1.5% occrycetin, 8%
APES, 5% polyvinyl alcohol, 84% precipitated calcium carbonate.
5% usnic acid sodium and occrycetin sustained release agent prescription：2.5% usnic acid sodium, 2.5% occrycetin, 8%
APES, 5% polyvinyl alcohol, 82% precipitated calcium carbonate.
7% usnic acid sodium and occrycetin sustained release agent prescription：3.5% usnic acid sodium, 3.5% occrycetin, 8%
The base phenol polyethenoxy ether of alkane 0,5% polyvinyl alcohol, 80% precipitated calcium carbonate.
10% usnic acid sodium and occrycetin sustained release agent prescription：5% usnic acid sodium, 5% occrycetin, 8%
APES, 5% polyvinyl alcohol, 77% precipitated calcium carbonate.
2. result of the test
The screening of 2.1 usnic acid sodium and occrycetin optimum proportioning
As can be seen from Table 12, the co-toxicity coefficient of usnic acid sodium and the different ratio of occrycetin 5 is all higher than 120, equal table
Reveal synergistic effect.Wherein, when proportioning is 1：When 1, its co-toxicity coefficient is maximum, is 165.27, it is therefore preferable that from usnic acid sodium
It is 1 with occrycetin mass ratio：1 matches for the active ingredient of sustained release agent.
The proportioning the selection result of the usnic acid sodium of table 12 and occrycetin to Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker bacterium
The field control effect of 2.2 compounding sustained release agents
As can be seen from Table 13, the sustained release agent of different active constituent contents has certain preventing and treating to make to Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker
With.Wherein, when active constituent content is in 5% and the above, final prevention effect quite, therefore is having for sustained release agent from 5%
Effective component content.
The different content of table 13 compounds field control effect of the sustained release agent to Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker bacterium
4th, Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker integrated control technique
1. method
1.1 experimental designs
Experiment is carried out in new people village of Hydroelectric Power Station in Sichuan Dujiangyan Jia Hong townshiies, and Kiwi berry tests kind for Red Male, age of tree 8-10,
Canker occurs seriously, and soil fertility is medium.
Integrated control technique is：In in January, -2016 in November, 2015, dry application medicine, four are noted using tetramycin plus S- abscisic acids
Mycin liquid concentration is that 75 μ g/mL, S- abscisic acids concentration are 10 μ g/mL, liquid amount 500mL, transfusion time 10d.Transfusion
After end, 5% usnic acid sodium and occrycetin compounding sustained release agent are filled in orifice, then medicine is sealed from High-strength waterproof
Mudding mouthful.In in April, 2016-May and September-October, foliar spray is carried out from benziothiazolinone, spraying concentration is 50 grams/ha,
Spray timings 3 times.
In in January, -2016 in November, 2015, to be input into clear water, liquid amount 500mL, transfusion time 10d, after transfusion terminates
It is CK0 from High-strength waterproof sealing medicine puree sealing；
In in January, -2016 in November, 2015, tetramycin 75 μ g/mL, liquid amount 500mL, transfusion time is used alone
10d, transfusion is sealed after terminating from High-strength waterproof sealing medicine puree, is CK1；
It is 10 μ g/mL so that S- abscisic acids concentration in January, -2016 in November, 2015, is used alone, liquid amount 500mL is defeated
Liquid time 10d, transfusion is sealed after terminating from High-strength waterproof sealing medicine puree, is CK2；
In in January, -2016 in November, 2015, to be used alone the agricultural μ g/mL of streptomycin sulphate 75, liquid amount 500mL is defeated
Liquid time 10d, transfusion is sealed after terminating from High-strength waterproof sealing medicine puree, is CK3；
Hole is filled in so that usnic acid sodium and occrycetin compounding sustained release agent -2 months in January, 2016, is used alone, then
It is CK4 from High-strength waterproof sealing medicine puree sealing；
In in January, -2016 in November, 2015, dry application medicine is noted using tetramycin plus S- abscisic acids, tetramycin liquid is used
Concentration is that 75 μ g/mL, S- abscisic acids concentration are 10 μ g/mL, liquid amount 500mL, transfusion time 10d.After transfusion terminates, in orifice
5% usnic acid sodium and occrycetin compounding sustained release agent are inside filled in, then is CK5 from High-strength waterproof sealing medicine puree sealing；
In in April, 2016-May, foliar spray is carried out from benziothiazolinone, spraying concentration is 50 grams/ha, spray timings
3 times, be CK6；
In in September, 2016-October, foliar spray is carried out from benziothiazolinone, spraying concentration is 50 grams/ha, spraying time
Number 3 times, is CK7；
In in April, 2016-May and September-October, foliar spray is carried out from benziothiazolinone, spraying concentration is 50 grams/public affairs
Hectare, spray timings 3 times, are CK8.
In in April, 2015-May and September-October, foliar spray is carried out from tetramycin, spraying concentration is 50 grams/public affairs
Hectare, spray timings 3 times, are CK9.
So that in April-May and September-October, spray clear water is CK10.
1.2 investigation methods
To late March since Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker spring period of disease is in late Febuary, 2016, every 10d respectively by strain
The branch incidence of each all Kiwi berrys for the treatment of of investigation.Fallen ill in blade was investigated before in April, 2016 and September blade spraying dispenser
Situation, 7 days record blade occurring degrees, calculate the incidence of disease, disease index and relative control effect after blade spraying third time dispenser.
2. result
2.1 Synthetical preventions technology prevention Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker effect (branch)
As can be seen from Table 14, after using Synthetical prevention technology, stem and the branch harm to Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker have length
Period significant control action, in different times, its prevention effect is 100%；Tetramycin note is used alone and does (CK1), it is most
Whole prevention effect 76.81%；S- abscisic acids note is used alone and does (CK2), its final prevention effect is only 13.59%；Individually make
Noted dry (CK3) with agricultural streptomycin sulphate, its final prevention effect is 48.97%；Usnic acid sodium is used alone and salt sour soil is mould
Element compounding sustained release agent tree body buries medicine (CK4), and its final prevention effect is 75.07%；And it is dry to add S- abscisic acids to note using tetramycin
And 5% usnic acid sodium and occrycetin compounding sustained release agent (CK5) are filled in orifice, in different times, its prevention effect is equal for it
It is 100%；And tetramycin spraying (CK9) is used alone, to Kiwi berry limb almost without prevention effect.
Synthetical prevention technology prevention Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker effect (branch) of table 14
2.2 Synthetical preventions technology prevention Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker effect (blade)
As can be seen from Table 15, after using Synthetical prevention technology, have extremely obvious to the blade harm of Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker
Preventive and therapeutic effect, prevention effect reaches more than 88%.And exclusive use note is dry or tree body buries medicine technology, can not be to Mi on blade
Monkey peach ulcer bacteria plays obvious prevention effect.Reagent spray prevention effect is preferable, but can not be to the Kiwi berry ulcer of limb
Germ plays preventive and therapeutic effect.
According to above result of the test, show that Synthetical prevention technology has aobvious to the ulcer bacteria on Kiwi berry limb and blade
The preventive and therapeutic effect of work.
Synthetical prevention technology prevention Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker effect (blade) of table 15
A kind of method for integrated control of Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker of the invention is described by specific embodiment.
Those skilled in the art can use for reference the links such as the appropriate feed change of present disclosure, process conditions realize it is corresponding other
Purpose, its correlation changes all without departing from present disclosure, and all similar replacements and change are for those skilled in the art
For be it will be apparent that being considered as being included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for integrated control of Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker, it is characterised in that methods described comprises the following steps：
Step one, early stage note dry application medicine：In the January in November to the coming year of the previous year, following two steps dispenser is carried out：
(1) the note dry application medicine of tetramycin and S- abscisic acids is administered simultaneously, tetramycin application concentration is applied for 75 μ g/mL, S- abscisic acids
It is 10 μ g/mL with concentration, liquid measure has 500mL, transfusion time 10d altogether；
During note dry application medicine, in downward-sloping 45 degree of angular bit holes at 6~15cm of butt to trees xylem, the dry depth of note
No more than the 1/2 of trunk diameter, carry out noting dry during infusion niidl insertion has been bored into tree hole；
(2) it is 51 active ingredient then to be filled in orifice:1-1:The compounding sustained release agent of 5 usnic acid sodium and occrycetin,
Then seal sealing.
Step 2, foliar spray：In the month in coming year 4-5 and the 9-10 months, liquid level spraying, spraying concentration are carried out from benziothiazolinone respectively
It it is 30-50 grams/ha, the 4-5 months and 9-10 month spray timings are 2-3 times.
2. method for integrated control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that (2nd) step in the step one, using 3-
The usnic acid sodium of 10 weight % and the compounding sustained release agent of occrycetin.
3. method for integrated control according to claim 2, it is characterised in that (2nd) step in the step one, using 5
The usnic acid sodium of weight % and the compounding sustained release agent of occrycetin.
4. method for integrated control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the weight ratio of usnic acid sodium and occrycetin
It is 3:1-1:3.
5. method for integrated control according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the weight ratio of usnic acid sodium and occrycetin
It is 1:1.
6. method for integrated control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the compounding sustained release agent, comprising 5% pine
The filler of trailing plants acid sodium and occrycetin, the APES of 5-25%, the polyvinyl alcohol of 3-12%, and surplus,
Described filler is precipitated calcium carbonate.
7. method for integrated control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the preparation method of the sustained release agent is：To match somebody with somebody
Square each component is mixed by use ratio, is granulated using spray granulation, standby in the hollow soft capsule of addition 5mm after granulation shaping
With.
8. method for integrated control according to claim 7, it is characterised in that sustained release agent prescription is：5% usnic acid sodium and
Occrycetin, 8% APES, 5% polyvinyl alcohol, 82% precipitated calcium carbonate.
9. method for integrated control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the compounding sustained release agent is configured into particle diameter is
The particle of 0.1-0.3mm, while the particle is added into a diameter of 5mm, highly for stand-by in the hollow soft capsule of 1.5cm.
10. method for integrated control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that (2nd) step in step one, using such as
Lower High-strength waterproof sealing medicine puree is sealed, and the medicine puree includes two groups of compositions of following A, B：
Component A is：
Epoxy resin 40wt%；
Dioctyl phthalate 3.5wt%；
Polyamide wax 5wt%；
Talcum powder 46wt%；
Benziothiazolinone 0.5wt%；
Carbendazim 5%wt%；
B component is：
Polyamide curing agent 45wt%；
Talcum powder 40wt%；
Calcium carbonate 10wt%；
Dioctyl phthalate 5wt%；
When being sealed using the medicine puree, by A and B component by weight 1：1 it is well mixed after be applied at orifice.
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| CN107573179A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-01-12 | 贵州大学 | A kind of expensive long Kiwi berry Pesticidal foliage fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107567919A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2018-01-12 | 四川省自然资源科学研究院 | A kind of quick method of living again for Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker tree |
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