CN1068403A - 改进的自锁螺母 - Google Patents

改进的自锁螺母 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1068403A
CN1068403A CN92101372A CN92101372A CN1068403A CN 1068403 A CN1068403 A CN 1068403A CN 92101372 A CN92101372 A CN 92101372A CN 92101372 A CN92101372 A CN 92101372A CN 1068403 A CN1068403 A CN 1068403A
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nut
spring
self
locking nut
ring
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吉昂卡洛·特拉美赞尼
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Alian International AG
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Alian International AG
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B23/00Specially shaped nuts or heads of bolts or screws for rotations by a tool
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B33/00Features common to bolt and nut
    • F16B33/008Corrosion preventing means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B39/00Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
    • F16B39/22Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
    • F16B39/28Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by special members on, or shape of, the nut or bolt
    • F16B39/36Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by special members on, or shape of, the nut or bolt with conical locking parts, which may be split, including use of separate rings co-operating therewith
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00Springs
    • F16F1/02Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
    • F16F1/04Wound springs
    • F16F1/12Attachments or mountings
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S411/00Expanded, threaded, driven, headed, tool-deformed, or locked-threaded fastener
    • Y10S411/90Fastener or fastener element composed of plural different materials
    • Y10S411/901Core and exterior of different materials
    • Y10S411/902Metal core
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S411/00Expanded, threaded, driven, headed, tool-deformed, or locked-threaded fastener
    • Y10S411/914Coated bolt

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Bolts, Nuts, And Washers (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
  • Snaps, Bayonet Connections, Set Pins, And Snap Rings (AREA)
  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)

Abstract

一种自锁螺母,其上附有带螺纹的上环,沿环纵 向开有U形槽,这些槽将环分成若干呈弧形的扇形 体,所有扇形体由一个外螺旋弹簧抱紧,螺旋弹簧经 热镀锌处理,如使用温度低于250℃,弹簧材质为调 质弹簧钢,如使用温度高于250℃,弹簧材质为不锈 钢而螺母则经电解镀铜处理。

Description

本发明涉及一种改进的自锁螺母,该螺母在其一端具有一由螺旋弹簧抱紧的圆筒形端部。
已知的一些自锁螺母具有一大体上呈圆筒形的端部,该圆筒形端部具有一些纵向槽,从而形成若干个呈弧形的扇形体,以便用一外螺旋弹簧对它们施加具有弹性的径向压力。
第一个提出自锁螺母的有美国第3,417,801号专利,专利权所有人为Bemex,批准日期为1968年12月24日。该专利中的螺母在其一个横端面上有一环形伸出部分,在此环形伸出部分上分布有径向槽,这些槽将环形伸出部分分成若干扇形体,一弹性环径向夹紧各扇形体。
上述螺母有一些不利因素,主要是由于在螺母的圆筒形端部或螺母的环形伸出部分上的各纵向槽过窄。
实际上,上述这种不利因素有二:
一是这种螺母经使用旋下后,如再使用时将遇到以下困难:由于在过去使用过程中,上述各槽已弄脏,进入了污物,再用时必须以压缩空气清洁,以清洁剂洗涂,或以其它机械方法除垢。
二是扇形体壁的挠曲范围,也就是压缩范围均受弹簧的约束,当扇形体壁在径向形成一定弯曲时,各扇形体上缘将彼此接触,其结果是;当与螺母配合的螺杆外径小至一定程度时,将影响螺母的自锁作用。此不利因素已由美国第4,893,977号专利所指出的方案解决了,此专利权所有人为Alian    Infernational    A.G.,批准日期为1990年1月16日。上述专利公开了一种自锁螺母,在这种螺母的环形部分上设有几个V形或U形槽,其宽度足以防止上述由于纵向槽过窄造成的缺陷。本发明所要克服的缺陷还不在于此,而在于一些现有技术中存在的其他一些缺陷。
由于对与螺母配套的螺旋弹簧必须防止其氧化,过去所采用的一种解决办法是;对普通弹簧钢制造的螺旋弹簧进行磷化处理,另一种解决办法是以不锈钢制造螺旋弹簧(当使用温度高于250℃时)。
现发现在这些方法中存在着以下两个问题:
1.磷化不能完全解决上述弹簧的氧化问题。
2.以不锈钢制造弹簧将导致其他不利因素:
2.1.成本增高,因为仅对使用温度高于250℃的那些螺母才是合理的。
2.2.仅适用在250℃以上的高温下使用,因为低温下最好选用普通弹簧(以普通弹簧钢制造)。它具有较好的弹性,因而可为螺母提供较大的断裂扭矩。
2.3.一般说来,当前通用的不锈钢弹簧给螺母带来大大低于相应的普通弹簧钢弹簧的断裂扭矩。
以螺母为对象的本发明的目的,在于解决上面提及的缺陷,并提供具有下列优点的螺母:
-成本低;
-抗氧化;
-适用于任何温度。
必须注意到:现行技术至少可以通过以下三种办法来适应250℃以上的高温,至于弹簧则均用不锈钢:
a)采用含碳量低的钢螺母;
b)采用含碳量高的钢螺母;
c)采用不锈钢螺母。
上述三种办法,特别是办法a)及b)当在400-500℃高温下停留一段时间后,螺母均有与螺杆或螺栓彼此咬紧的缺点。采用办法c)时这种现象较少。但有时也会发生一些困难,在一定的情况下,所谓“困难”是指:当进行旋松螺母时,可能将螺栓从底座上旋出,更坏的情况是螺栓受剪切而断裂。
假如,当维修一台发动机(上面装有10个或更多的螺母)时,一旦(即使只有一次)这种“困难”发生,这将带来很大的实际问题,在第一种情况下,可用一具有较大直径容差的螺栓替代原有螺栓;在第二种情况下,问题更为严重,为了取出原有螺栓,须采取临时措施,将原有螺栓钻成碎块取出,尚应考虑到这些工作是在操作困难的条件下进行的,特别是,假如发动机是装在车辆上的。
本发明另一目的是解决上述困难,提供一种经一定方法处理的螺母,易于拆卸而不致使螺母不受控制和不正常地松开,这种松开将引起漏气,从而燃烧可能装有的密封垫。
本发明以上所述的以及其它的目的及优点是用一种改进的自锁螺母取得的,其上附有带螺纹的环,沿环纵向开有一些U形槽,这些槽将环分成一些呈弧形的扇形体,所有扇形体由一个外螺旋弹簧抱紧,U形槽的宽度足以避免各扇形体彼此接触,这种自锁螺母的特征是:上述弹簧在卷绕前经过热镀锌处理,以更好地防止氧化。
本发明的另一特征是:螺母经过电解镀铜处理,以免螺母与螺杆粘结。
本发明的另一特征是:如工作温度低于250℃,需热镀锌处理的螺旋弹簧是用调质弹簧钢制成的。
本发明的另一特征是:如工作温度大于250℃,螺旋弹簧以不锈钢弹簧钢制成。
现参照附图详细叙述本发明,附图仅用作一实例,本发明不受此限。
附图示出一种自锁螺母的透视图。
如附图所示,本发明螺母1旋装在螺杆(图中未示出)中。
螺母1上附有环3,螺旋弹簧5绕在上述环3上,并以径向压力施加在环3上,由于在环3上开有一定数量的U形宽槽7,因此通过环3可将上述压力传递给与螺母1配合的螺杆上。
上述槽7使环3形成若干弧形扇形体9,扇形体9上部有小的外凸缘。
螺母1上面有二空座13供装置螺旋弹簧5用,螺旋弹簧绕在环3上,并以径向压力施加在扇形体9上,然后再将力传递给与螺母1配合的螺杆上。
没有必要作进一步的说明,因为从机械上讲,关于螺母本身的描述,在上面提及的美国第4,893,977号专利所提供的内容仍然有效。

Claims (4)

1、一种改进的自锁螺母,其上部有带螺纹的环,环上设有若干U形纵向槽,从而使环本身分成若干呈弧形的扇形体,一外螺旋弹簧旋加压力于各扇形体,各扇形体之间有一定距离,以免彼此接触,其中,上述弹簧在卷绕前经过热镀锌处理,以获得较好的抗氧化能力。
2、权利要求1中所述的自锁螺母,其中,如工作温度低于250℃,经热镀锌处理的螺旋弹簧的材质为调质弹簧钢。
3、权利要求1或2中所述的自锁螺母,其中,如在高于250℃的温度中工作,螺旋弹簧的材质为弹簧不锈钢。
4、以上各权利要求中所述的自锁螺母,其中,螺母经过电解镀铜处理,镀铜保护螺母而防止其腐蚀(氧化),一般来讲,这还有助于卸下螺母,在用于不锈钢螺母时,即使螺母在400-500℃以上的高温中作长时期停留后,也不难将其卸下。
CN92101372A 1991-07-10 1992-03-03 改进的自锁螺母 Pending CN1068403A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH02054/91-3 1991-07-10
CH2054/91A CH685065A5 (it) 1991-07-10 1991-07-10 Dado autobloccante.

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CN1068403A true CN1068403A (zh) 1993-01-27

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US (1) US5160227A (zh)
JP (1) JPH0694022A (zh)
KR (1) KR930002700A (zh)
CN (1) CN1068403A (zh)
AU (1) AU649528B2 (zh)
BG (1) BG60485B1 (zh)
BR (1) BR9200912A (zh)
CH (1) CH685065A5 (zh)
CZ (1) CZ278589B6 (zh)
DE (1) DE4202007C2 (zh)
ES (1) ES2064178B1 (zh)
FR (1) FR2679967B1 (zh)
GB (1) GB2257485B (zh)
HU (1) HU212998B (zh)
IT (1) IT1256868B (zh)
PL (1) PL294936A1 (zh)
RO (1) RO111608B1 (zh)
RU (1) RU2047013C1 (zh)
SE (1) SE506500C3 (zh)
SK (1) SK330491A3 (zh)
TR (1) TR25769A (zh)
YU (1) YU48344B (zh)
ZA (1) ZA918994B (zh)

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CN102597545A (zh) * 2009-10-05 2012-07-18 嘉利股份公司 自锁定螺母
CN108012551A (zh) * 2016-03-11 2018-05-08 Kslnc有限公司 锁紧螺母
CN111637141A (zh) * 2020-07-21 2020-09-08 浙江安盛汽车零部件有限公司 一种电动车防盗七角法兰螺母

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KR100988492B1 (ko) * 2008-07-21 2010-10-18 (주)파워렉스코퍼레이션 로크너트
KR101428929B1 (ko) * 2013-07-02 2014-09-23 현대다이모스(주) 락 너트의 고정용 키 어셈블리
WO2016176604A1 (en) 2015-04-29 2016-11-03 Precision Consulting Services, LLC Loading vertical tubes with particulate material
CN108571509B (zh) * 2017-03-09 2020-02-21 Kslnc有限公司 锁紧螺母
WO2021011539A1 (en) * 2019-07-14 2021-01-21 Duraforce Holdings, Llc Fastener and fastener assembly having vibrational resistance and improved torque to clamp force correspondence

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102597545A (zh) * 2009-10-05 2012-07-18 嘉利股份公司 自锁定螺母
CN108012551A (zh) * 2016-03-11 2018-05-08 Kslnc有限公司 锁紧螺母
CN111637141A (zh) * 2020-07-21 2020-09-08 浙江安盛汽车零部件有限公司 一种电动车防盗七角法兰螺母

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DE4202007C2 (de) 1999-07-08
ES2064178B1 (es) 1995-07-16
GB9127099D0 (en) 1992-02-19
HU9200476D0 (en) 1992-04-28
GB2257485B (en) 1995-06-28
CH685065A5 (it) 1995-03-15
SK278054B6 (en) 1995-11-08
TR25769A (tr) 1993-09-01
RU2047013C1 (ru) 1995-10-27
GB2257485A (en) 1993-01-13
AU649528B2 (en) 1994-05-26
ES2064178A1 (es) 1995-01-16
SE506500C2 (sv) 1997-12-22
IT1256868B (it) 1995-12-27
JPH0694022A (ja) 1994-04-05
AU1489592A (en) 1993-01-14
YU48344B (sh) 1998-07-10
SE506500C3 (sv) 1998-02-05
CZ330491A3 (en) 1994-01-19
BR9200912A (pt) 1992-11-03
PL294936A1 (en) 1993-01-25
SE9103361D0 (sv) 1991-11-14
ZA918994B (en) 1992-08-26
YU42292A (sr) 1996-01-09
CZ278589B6 (en) 1994-03-16
HU212998B (en) 1997-01-28
RO111608B1 (ro) 1996-11-29
HUT62384A (en) 1993-04-28
BG96576A (en) 1994-04-25
FR2679967A1 (fr) 1993-02-05
ITTO920112A0 (it) 1992-02-13
ITTO920112A1 (it) 1993-08-13
KR930002700A (ko) 1993-02-23
BG60485B1 (bg) 1995-05-31
US5160227A (en) 1992-11-03
DE4202007A1 (de) 1993-01-14
FR2679967B1 (fr) 1993-12-03
SK330491A3 (en) 1995-11-08
SE9103361L (sv) 1993-01-11

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