CN106834740B - 镍溶液的脱铜方法 - Google Patents

镍溶液的脱铜方法 Download PDF

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CN106834740B
CN106834740B CN201611257334.2A CN201611257334A CN106834740B CN 106834740 B CN106834740 B CN 106834740B CN 201611257334 A CN201611257334 A CN 201611257334A CN 106834740 B CN106834740 B CN 106834740B
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decopper
ing
solution
slag
thioacetamide
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CN106834740A (zh
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龙炳清
秦丹
曹攀
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Sichuan Normal University
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Sichuan Normal University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B23/00Obtaining nickel or cobalt
    • C22B23/04Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
    • C22B23/0453Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
    • C22B23/0461Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical methods
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01GCOMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G53/00Compounds of nickel
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25CPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C1/00Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
    • C25C1/06Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions or iron group metals, refractory metals or manganese
    • C25C1/08Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions or iron group metals, refractory metals or manganese of nickel or cobalt
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明介绍的镍溶液的脱铜方法采用硫代乙酰胺和硫化钠复合脱铜剂,并加入脱铜渣进行脱铜,脱铜后的溶液的铜浓度小于1mg/L。

Description

镍溶液的脱铜方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种镍溶液的脱铜方法。
背景技术
镍是许多工业品生产的重要原料。在镍的生产过程中,合格的电解液是保证镍质量的前提条件。镍溶液中都含有铜,铜对镍的质量有明显影响,因此,镍溶液的脱铜是镍生产必不可少的工序。目前镍溶液脱铜的主要方法有阳极泥和(或)镍精矿脱铜、活性硫化镍脱铜。前者脱铜效果不太好,渣量大,渣处理困难,而且在渣处理过程中还造成铂族金属的损失;后者需要在稀溶液中制备活性硫化镍,而且制备的活性硫化镍必须及时使用,否则在存放过程中会失活,影响脱铜效果,工艺匹配性要求很高,此外还有可能造成工艺系统的水不平衡。开发脱铜效果好、操作简单、脱铜渣容易处理的镍溶液脱铜方法具有较大实用价值。
发明内容
针对目前镍溶液脱铜存在的问题,本发明的目的是寻找脱铜效果好、操作简单、脱铜渣容易处理的镍溶液脱铜方法,其特征在于将通过脱铁和脱砷处理的镍溶液输入反应器,加入脱铜渣、硫代乙酰胺和硫化钠复合溶液在机械搅拌下进行反应。反应结束后,进行固液分离,得到合格溶液。分离出的渣洗涤后(洗涤方式和洗涤水用量与现有工艺一致)部分返回反应器,部分送高冰镍冶炼炉处理。反应温度为25℃~60℃。反应时间为1.0h~3h。机械搅拌强度为30 r/min~100r/min。硫化钠的加入量为理论量的120%~140%。硫代乙酰胺的加入量为理论量的3%~5%。脱铜渣的加入量为前批同量溶液处理净产生渣量(产生的总渣量减去加入的渣量)的100%~150%。复合溶液中Na2S的浓度为150g/L~300/L,硫代乙酰胺的浓度由Na2S的浓度和加入量及硫代乙酰胺的加入量共同确定。本方法的初次使用不加入脱铜渣。本方法的使用范围不限于金属镍生产中的镍溶液的脱铜,也适用于镍盐和镍氧化物等生产过程的镍溶液的脱铜。当用于金属镍生产中通过脱铁和脱砷处理的镍溶液的脱铜时,不需要调整溶液的pH值;当用于其它镍溶液的脱铜时,应当控制脱铜过程的pH值在4.5~6.0范围。
本发明的目的是这样实现的,含铜的镍溶液加入硫代乙酰胺、硫化钠和脱铜渣后,发生如下反应:
CH3CSNH2 + H2O + Cu2+ = CH3CONH2 + CuS +2H+
CH3CSNH2 + H2O + Ni2+ = CH3CONH2 + NiS +2H+
Na2S + Cu2+ = CuS + 2Na+
Na2S + Ni2+ = NiS + 2Na+
NiS + Cu2+ = CuS + Ni2+
通过上述一系列反应,溶液中的铜以CuS沉淀的形式被脱除,达到镍溶液脱铜净化的目的。
试验表明:当单独使用硫代乙酰胺时,即使其加入量为理论量的300%,溶液中的铜浓度仍然大于10mg/L;当单独使用硫化钠时,产生的渣中含有大量胶体物质,很难进行固液分离;当两者结合使用时,既可深度脱铜,满足现有工艺要求,脱铜渣的沉淀和过滤性能也很好。
脱铜渣部分返回使用可降低脱铜剂的用量,同时降低脱铜渣的总产生量。
相对于现有方法,本发明采用硫代乙酰胺和硫化钠复合脱铜剂,并返回部分脱铜渣,具有脱铜效果好、脱铜产物固液分离性能好、脱铜剂耗量小、脱铜渣产生量少,而且不含铂族金属,可大大降低铂族金属的损失、脱铜渣可直接返回高冰镍冶炼炉处理等突出优点,具有明显的经济效益和环境效益。
具体实施方法
实施例1:处理通过脱铁和脱砷处理的镍溶液5L(成分:Ni2+55.5g/L、Cu2+517mg/L、pH5.5)。反应条件为:温度25℃、时间2.5h、搅拌强度为70r/min、硫代乙酰胺的加入量为理论量的4%、硫化钠的加入量为理论量的135%、脱铜渣的加入量为前批同量溶液处理产生的净渣量的100%。处理后溶液的铜浓度为0.35mg/L。
实施例2:处理通过脱铁和脱砷处理的镍溶液100L(成分:Ni2+58.4g/L、Cu2+498mg/L、pH4.8)。反应条件为:温度45℃、时间1.0h、搅拌强度为30r/min、硫代乙酰胺的加入量为理论量的3%、硫化钠的加入量为理论量的120%、脱铜渣的加入量为前批同量溶液处理产生的净渣量的150%。处理后溶液的铜浓度为0.95mg/L。

Claims (1)

1. 一种镍溶液的脱铜方法,其特征在于将通过脱铁和脱砷处理的镍溶液输入反应器,加入脱铜渣、硫代乙酰胺和硫化钠复合溶液在机械搅拌下进行反应,反应结束后,进行固液分离,得到合格溶液,分离出的渣洗涤后部分返回反应器,部分送高冰镍冶炼炉处理,反应温度为25℃~60℃,反应时间为1.0h~3h,机械搅拌强度为30 r/min~100r/min,硫化钠的加入量为理论量的120%~140%,硫代乙酰胺的加入量为理论量的3%~5%,脱铜渣的加入量为前批同量溶液处理净产生渣量的100%~150%,复合溶液中Na2S的浓度为150g/L~300/L,硫代乙酰胺的浓度由Na2S的浓度和加入量及硫代乙酰胺的加入量共同确定。
CN201611257334.2A 2016-12-30 2016-12-30 镍溶液的脱铜方法 Expired - Fee Related CN106834740B (zh)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1598012A (zh) * 2004-08-30 2005-03-23 金川集团有限公司 一种镍电解液净化除铜方法
CN101250625A (zh) * 2008-02-06 2008-08-27 中南大学 从含镍溶液中除去杂质铜的方法
CN102409175A (zh) * 2011-11-09 2012-04-11 中南大学 一种处理镍电解阳极液净化除铜渣的方法
CN104073866A (zh) * 2014-07-15 2014-10-01 辽宁石化职业技术学院 一种镀镍电解液的净化方法

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1598012A (zh) * 2004-08-30 2005-03-23 金川集团有限公司 一种镍电解液净化除铜方法
CN101250625A (zh) * 2008-02-06 2008-08-27 中南大学 从含镍溶液中除去杂质铜的方法
CN102409175A (zh) * 2011-11-09 2012-04-11 中南大学 一种处理镍电解阳极液净化除铜渣的方法
CN104073866A (zh) * 2014-07-15 2014-10-01 辽宁石化职业技术学院 一种镀镍电解液的净化方法

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