CN106834176A - 一种核苷磷酸化酶、编码基因及其高产菌株和应用 - Google Patents
一种核苷磷酸化酶、编码基因及其高产菌株和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106834176A CN106834176A CN201710076875.3A CN201710076875A CN106834176A CN 106834176 A CN106834176 A CN 106834176A CN 201710076875 A CN201710076875 A CN 201710076875A CN 106834176 A CN106834176 A CN 106834176A
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- nucleoside
- nucleoside phosphorylase
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种核苷磷酸化酶、编码基因及其高产菌株和应用。本发明的核苷磷酸化酶高产菌株,其分类命名为米氏硫胺素芽孢杆菌(Aneurinibacillus migulanus) AM007,保藏编号为CCTCC NO:M2016404。本发明还提供所述菌株产生的核苷磷酸化酶及编码所述核苷磷酸化酶的基因;以及核苷磷酸化酶及含有所述基因的重组表达载体或重组菌及其在合成核苷类似物中的应用。本发明的核苷磷酸化酶在由嘧啶核苷生成嘌呤核苷的过程中仅仅只需要一种酶的参与,反应体系简单,产物转化率较高、易于纯化,大幅度降低了成本,具有很好的工业应用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物制药技术领域,具体涉及一种核苷磷酸化酶、编码基因及其高产菌株和应用。
背景技术
核苷和脱氧核苷是由核苷碱基分别和核糖或脱氧核糖以苷键形式而构成的,它们是组成核糖核酸(RNA)和脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)的基本元件,是遗传基因的基础。核苷和脱氧核苷系列衍生物具有多种生物活性物质,可以作为核酸代谢抑制剂,用于干扰肿瘤细胞的生长和病毒的繁殖,起到抗病毒和抗肿瘤的作用。因其可以直接或间接地作为药物使用,在治疗多种重大的疾病方面起到极其重要的作用,所以核苷类似物的合成一直以来被全世界的科学家所研究,目前已经合成了千余种核苷类似物,并有不少已作为抗肿瘤或抗病毒药物应用于临床,如:齐多夫定、扎西他滨、司他夫定、拉米夫定、阿巴卡韦、替诺福韦、阿洛夫定等。
核苷类似物与核苷酸在化学结构上具有类似性,可以假乱真混入DNA合成的过程中,但因其不具备核苷酸的功能,所以导致合成的核酸链失去了正常的功能。通过氮杂、脱氮、取代等化学修饰方法,对正常碱基的嘧啶和嘌呤进行修饰就可得到核苷类药物。核苷类似物在病毒或肿瘤细胞的遗传物质表达的过程中,被整合到DNA链中,不仅大大降低了聚合酶的活性,也终止了DNA的合成,从而使病毒细胞无法增殖传代,导致病毒的灭亡。
在各种各样的重要的生物类核苷中,腺苷类似物尤其是2,6-二卤代嘌呤核苷是非常有价值的。例如克拉屈宾、氯法拉宾、氟达拉宾在最近的二十年内被广泛关注,尤其在白血病方面具有极大的治疗潜力。2-氯腺嘌呤核苷作为腺苷受体的拮抗剂可引起少数细胞的细胞凋亡,2-氟脱氧腺苷和2-氟腺苷在上个世纪中期被首次合成,并且是腺苷类似物中首批成员,他们针对肿瘤细胞具有很高的抑制细胞活性。
核苷类化合物的合成方法主要采用化学法和生物法。
核苷类化合物传统的合成方法多为化学合成法。较为经典的方法就是采用碱基与核糖进行缩合,得到α、β同分异构体,然后去掉保护基团后,再进行分离;也可以以天然的核苷为原料,对其碱基或核糖基进行修饰。化学合成的缺点非常明显,就是步骤繁多,需要对碱基或核糖基上的活性基团进行修饰保护,并且最终的转化率不高,产物成分复杂,一般得到的是α、β同分异构体,还需要对其拆分才能得到有活性的β型核苷,因此分离纯化难度大。例如阿糖腺苷的合成,以天然核苷尿苷为底物经过一系列的步骤反应得到阿糖腺苷,化学合成路线如下:
生物法合成核苷类化合物主要有发酵法、全细胞催化法和酶法。
有文献报道通过生物发酵可以得到大量天然的非脱氧核苷(如腺苷、肌苷、鸟苷、胞苷),其产量十几克/升到几十克/升,都以实现了工业化生产。利用微生物发酵法生产核苷,极大地推动了核酸药物的发展,为其他的核酸药物合成与研究提供了廉价的原料。但是发酵法生产核苷目前还只限于天然的几种非脱氧核苷,对脱氧核苷和修饰过的核苷还无能为力。
目前使用完整的细菌细胞作为生物催化剂也是有报道的,来催化合成许多生物学上重要的核苷(阿糖腺苷、阿糖鸟苷、克拉屈滨、氟达拉滨、2-氟脱氧腺苷)。全细胞代表着一类天然固定化核苷磷酸化酶,但是它存在着以下几点限制:
全细胞内存在着许多的酶,(1)这些酶可以消耗底物;(2)这些酶可以催化底物形成一些副产物;(3)而且细胞分泌的代谢物给后期的纯化带来了一定的困难。
酶法合成2,6-二卤代嘌呤核苷主要利用核苷磷酸化酶作为催化剂,核苷磷酸化酶主要有俩大类:嘌呤核苷磷酸化酶和嘧啶核苷磷酸化酶。它们广泛存在于动植物和微生物中,主要参与细胞核酸代谢途径中的代谢,它们在补救途径中催化核苷或脱氧核苷的糖苷键的可逆磷酸化反应,提供核糖-1-磷酸,并释放出碱基,加入其他碱基可形成一种新的核苷。
嘌呤核苷磷酸化酶的催化反应如下:
Ribose(Deoxyribose)-purine(1)+Pi→Ribose(Deoxyribose)-1-Pi+purine(1)Ribose(Deoxyribose)-1-Pi+purine(2)→Ribose(Deoxyribose)-purine(2)+Pi
嘌呤核苷磷酸化酶的磷酸化反应从热动力学方面来看主要趋向于核苷的合成。
嘧啶核苷磷酸化酶的催化反应如下:
Ribose(Deoxyribose)-pyrimidine(1)+Pi→Ribose(Deoxyribose)-1-Pi+pyrimidine(1)Ribose(Deoxyribose)-1-Pi+pyrimidine(2)→Ribose(Deoxyribose)-pyrimidine(2)+Pi
嘧啶核苷磷酸化酶的磷酸化反应从热动力学方面来看主要趋向于核苷的水解。
因此当两种酶同时存在时,就可由嘧啶核苷作为核糖供体合成嘌呤核苷。但是双酶体系 要考虑到两种酶的不同酶学性质,同时在一个反应体系中也会存在一定的局限性,而且双酶反应效率远没有单酶反应快。
在核苷类似物的合成过程中还存在一个重要的问题:嘌呤类底物溶解性很差,这个问题限制了核苷类似物的大量合成。有研究表明嘌呤类底物溶解度随着温度的增加而增加,提高反应温度可以提高底物反应浓度。
针对以上问题,我们拟从实验室菌库出发,获得一种核苷磷酸化酶高产菌株,此菌株可高产一种新的核苷磷酸化酶,此酶应该具有以下几个性质:(1)同时具有嘌呤核苷磷酸化酶和嘧啶核苷磷酸化酶的活性。(2)具有很高的热稳定性。
使用此新型的核苷磷酸化酶作为生物催化剂,嘧啶类核苷作为核糖供体,2,6-二卤代嘌呤核苷作为核糖受体,在较高温度的反应体系中实现嘧啶核苷向2,6-二卤代嘌呤核苷的转化。
发明内容
为克服上述现有技术存在的问题,本发明的目的是提供一种核苷磷酸化酶高产菌株,产生的核苷磷酸化酶能够用于高效制备核苷类似物。
为了实现本发明的上述技术目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
本发明从本实验室耐有机溶剂菌库中筛选获得一株核苷磷酸化酶产生菌,分类命名为米氏硫胺素芽孢杆菌(Aneurinibacillus migulanus)AM007,其保藏编号为CCTCC:M2016404。
本发明对米氏硫胺素芽孢杆菌(Aneurinibacillus migulanusAM007)的生物学特征进行鉴定,该菌株为革兰氏阳性菌株,杆状细胞,细胞宽度为0.5~1.0μm,芽孢椭圆形,芽孢中生,近中生和亚端生,包囊稍膨大。能够在常规培养基中生长,例如营养琼脂和酪朊大豆琼脂。
经16S rDNA序列分析,该菌株鉴定为米氏硫胺素芽孢杆菌(Aneurinibacillusmigulanus)。
本发明的另一目的是提供利用上述菌株生产的核苷磷酸化酶及其编码基因,该酶能够用于高效制备核苷类似物。
为实现本发明的第二目的,本发明进一步分离克隆到米氏硫胺素芽孢杆菌(Aneurinibacillus migulanus)AM007菌株所产核苷磷酸化酶的编码基因,全长813个碱基,其核苷酸序列具体如SEQ ID NO:1所示。该酶具有SEQ ID NO:2所示的氨基酸序列,为此基因的改造并在各种外源基因表达系统中高效表达提供了优良的基因材料。米氏硫胺素芽孢杆菌(Aneurinibacillus migulanus)AM007菌株所产核苷磷酸化酶命名为核苷磷酸化酶NPase。
本发明构建了核苷磷酸化酶NPase基因的表达载体。它可以通过本领域常规方法将本发明核苷磷酸化酶NPase基因连接于各种载体上构建而成。所述的载体可为本领域常规的各种载体,如市售的质粒、粘粒、噬菌体或病毒载体等,优选pET28a。较佳的,可通过下述方法 制得本发明的重组表达载体:将通过PCR扩增所得的核苷磷酸化酶NPase基因用限制性内切酶BamHⅠ和NheⅠ进行双酶切,同时将载体pET28a用限制性内切酶BamHⅠ和NheⅠ双酶切,经T4DNA连接酶连接,形成含有本发明的核苷磷酸化酶NPase基因的重组表达载体pET-NPase。
本发明将上述重组表达载体转化至宿主细胞制得重组菌。所述的宿主可为本领域常规的各种宿主,只要能满足重组表达载体可稳定地自行复制,且所携带的核苷磷酸化酶NPase基因可被有效表达即可。本发明优选大肠杆菌,更优选大肠埃希氏菌E.coli BL21(DE3)。将前述重组表达质粒pET-NPase转化至E.coli BL21(DE3)中,即可得本发明优选的基因工程菌株,即大肠埃希氏菌E.coli BL21(DE3)/pET-NPase。
本发明还提供一种重组核苷磷酸化酶的制备方法,其包括如下步骤:培养本发明前述的重组菌E.coli BL21(DE3)/pET-NPase,获得重组表达的核苷磷酸化酶。其中,所述的培养重组菌重组表达转化体中采用的培养基可为本领域常规的任何可使重组菌生长并产生本发明的核苷磷酸化酶的培养基,优选LB培养基:蛋白胨10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,NaCl 10g/L,pH7.0。培养方法和培养条件没有特殊的限制,可以根据宿主类型和培养方法等因素的不同按本领域普通知识进行适当的选择,只要重组菌能够生长并产生本发明所述的核苷磷酸化酶即可。其他培养重组菌的具体操作均可按本领域常规操作进行,优选下述方法:将本发明涉及的重组大肠杆菌E.coli BL21(DE3)/pET-NPase接种至含卡那霉素的LB培养基中培养,当培养液的OD600达到0.6-1.0时,在终浓度为0.1-1.0mmol/L的异丙基-β-D-硫代吡喃半乳糖苷(IPTG)的诱导下,高效表达本发明的重组核苷磷酸化酶。
本发明的再一目的是提供所述核苷磷酸化酶、重组表达载体或重组菌在合成核苷类似物中的应用。采用含有所述核苷磷酸化酶基因的重组菌或所述重组菌的培养物或所述核苷磷酸化酶催化合成核苷类似物。
优秀的技术方案中,合成脱氧核糖核苷类似物中的反应中,反应体系含有脱氧核糖核苷供体为10~100mM 2'-脱氧尿苷,受体为10~100mM,0.5~20U/mL核苷磷酸化酶,溶剂为pH5.0~9.0的磷酸缓冲溶液,反应温度为30~70℃,反应时间为1~8h;优选的,供体与受体的摩尔比为1:1~1:5。优选的,反应体系含有供体:受体比为1:1,1U/mL核苷磷酸化酶,溶剂为50mM、pH8.0的磷酸缓冲,反应温度为60℃,反应时间为3h。
在合成核糖核苷类似物中的应用,反应体系含有核糖核苷供体为10~100mM尿苷,受体为10~100mM,0.5~20U/mL核苷磷酸化酶,溶剂为pH5.0~9.0的磷酸缓冲溶液,反应温度为30~70℃,反应时间为1~8h;优选的,供体与受体的摩尔比为1:1~1:5。优选的,反应体系含有供体:受体比为1:1,1U/mL核苷磷酸化酶,溶剂为50mM、pH8.0的磷酸缓冲, 反应温度为60℃,反应时间为3h。
上述受体结构式如下所示:
其中X取代基为Cl、NH2、H、SH或Br;Y取代基为Cl、NH2、H或F。
本发明的有益效果在于:本发明针对目前在酶法合成核苷类似物中,由嘧啶核苷生成嘌呤核苷的过程需要嘌呤核苷磷酸化酶和嘧啶核苷磷酸化酶同时参与才能转化这一问题,提供了一种新的核苷磷酸化酶。该酶可以以尿苷、2'-脱氧尿苷等为供体,以多种受体合成多种核苷类似物。在由嘧啶核苷生成嘌呤核苷的过程中仅仅只需要一种酶的参与,反应体系简单,产物转化率较高、易于纯化,大幅度降低了成本,具有很好的工业应用价值。
附图说明
图1为NPase基因的PCR扩增电泳图;
其中M:DNAMarker;1,2:NPase基因的PCR扩增产物。
图2为核苷磷酸化酶的聚丙烯酰胺电泳图;
其中M:蛋白Marker;1:核苷磷酸化酶NPase粗酶液;2:纯化后的核苷磷酸化酶NPase。
图3为pH对核苷磷酸化酶NPase催化活性的影响。
图4为温度对核苷磷酸化酶NPase催化活性的影响。
图5为底物浓度对酶法合成2,6-二氨基嘌呤核苷的影响。
本发明所涉及的生物材料,是一种核苷磷酸化酶高产菌株,经鉴定为米氏硫胺素芽孢杆菌(Aneurinibacillus migulanus),已经保藏。分类命名为Aneurinibacillusmigulanus AM007,保藏日期为2016年7月19日,保藏单位全称为中国典型培养物保藏中心,简称CCTCC,保藏编号为CCTCC NO:M2016404,保藏单位地址为:中国.武汉.武汉大学。
具体实施方式
实施例1
本实施例说明产核苷磷酸化酶的米氏硫胺素芽孢杆菌(Aneurinibacillusmigulanus)AM007的筛选方法和生物学性质、鉴定。
本发明的米氏硫胺素芽孢杆菌(Aneurinibacillus migulanus)AM007筛选自本实验室耐有机溶剂菌库。
菌株AM007的筛选采用如下方法:将本实验室耐有机溶剂菌库中的菌株接种至筛选培养基A中,培养温度为37℃,培养时间为12-36h,利用HPLC检测254nm处吸光值变化。如果有次黄嘌呤的产生,说明该菌株具有嘌呤核苷磷酸化酶活性。此方法可筛选到大量耐有机溶剂嘌呤核苷磷酸化酶产生菌。将初筛获得的菌株进行复筛,具体方法如下:将初筛获得的菌株接种筛选培养基B中,培养温度为37℃,培养时间为12-36h,利用HPLC检测254nm处吸光值变化。如果有尿嘧啶的产生,说明该菌株同时具有嘌呤核苷磷酸化酶和嘧啶核苷磷酸化酶的活性。通过上述方法,发明人获得了一株同时具有嘌呤核苷磷酸化酶和嘧啶核苷磷酸酶的耐有机溶剂菌株AM007。其中,筛选培养基A具体配方:蛋白胨10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,NaCl 10g/L,pH7.0,肌苷10mmol/L;筛选培养基B具体配方:蛋白胨10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,NaCl10g/L,pH7.0,尿苷10mmol/L。
菌株AM007的生物学性质:该菌株为革兰氏阳性菌株,杆状细胞,细胞宽度为0.5~1.0μm,芽孢椭圆形,芽孢中生,近中生和亚端生,包囊稍膨大。能够在常规培养基中生长,例如营养琼脂和酪朊大豆琼脂。
经16S rDNA序列分析,菌株AM007鉴定为硫胺素芽孢杆菌(Aneurinibacillusmigulanus),命名为米氏硫胺素芽孢杆菌(Aneurinibacillus migulanus)AM007。
实施例2
本实施例说明米氏硫胺素芽孢杆菌(Aneurinibacillus migulanus)AM007所产核苷磷酸化酶NPase编码基因的分离克隆程序。将米氏硫胺素芽孢杆菌(Aneurinibacillusmigulanus)AM007所产核苷磷酸化酶命名为核苷磷酸化酶NPase。
采用酚-氯仿法抽提菌体总DNA。根据米氏硫胺素芽孢杆菌(Aneurinibacillusmigulanus)(GenBank:CEH29897.1)的全基因测序结果进行分析,获得一个编码核苷磷酸化酶的基因,根据该基因序列设计引物SF和SR。
SF(SEQ ID NO:3)序列为:
CGCGGCAGCCATATGGCTAGCATGGCAGCGCATATTTCTG。
SR(SEQ ID NO:4)序列为:
ACGGAGCTCGAATTCGGATCCTTATAATTTTTGAATAACAGCTTTT。
其中,引物SF下划线部分为BamHⅠ酶切位点,引物SR下划线部分为NheⅠ酶切位点。
以米氏硫胺素芽孢杆菌(Aneurinibacillus migulanus)AM007的基因组为模板,进行PCR扩增。PCR体系为:2×EVO Master Mix 25μl,引物SF和SR各2μl,DNA模板2μl和ddH2O 19μl。PCR扩增步骤为:(1)94℃,预变性3min;(2)94℃,变性15s;(3)55℃,退火30s;(4)72℃,延伸30S;步骤(2)~(4)重复30次;(5)72℃彻底延伸7min,冷却至4℃。PCR产 物经琼脂糖凝胶电泳纯化,利用琼脂糖凝胶DNA回收试剂盒回收目的条带(图1)。获得一条完整的核苷磷酸化酶基因序列,全长813bp,命名为NPase,具体如SEQ ID NO:1。核苷磷酸化酶NPase的氨基酸列如表中SEQ ID NO:2。
实施例3
本实施例说明重组表达载体和重组表达转化体的制备。
将实施例2所得的核苷磷酸化酶基因片段在37℃用限制性内切酶BamHⅠ和NheⅠ双酶切3h,经琼脂糖凝胶电泳纯化,利用琼脂糖凝胶DNA回收试剂盒回收目标片段。将目标片段在T4DNA连接酶的作用下,与同样经BamHⅠ和NheⅠ酶切后的质粒pET28a,在16℃下过夜连接得到重组表达质粒pET-NPase。
将上述重组表达质粒转化到大肠埃希氏菌(E.coli)BL21(DE3)感受态细胞中,在含有卡那霉素的抗性平板上对阳性重组体进行筛选,挑选单克隆,菌落PCR验证阳性克隆,即获得阳性重组转化体大肠埃希氏菌(E.coli)BL21(DE3)/pET-NPase。
实施例4
本实施例说明重组核苷磷酸化酶的NPase诱导表达与纯化过程。
将实施例3所得到的重组菌(E.coli)BL21(DE3)/pET-NPase,接种至含卡那霉素的LB培养基中,37℃振荡培养过夜,按2%(v/v)的接种量接入装有40ml LB培养基(含卡那霉素)的250ml三角瓶中,置37℃、180rpm摇床培养,当培养液OD600达到0.6时,加入终浓度为0.5mmol/L的IPTG作为诱导剂,20℃诱导8h后,将培养液离心,收集细胞,并用生理盐水洗涤两次,得静息细胞。将所得的静息细胞悬浮于pH8.0的缓冲液中,在冰浴中超声破碎,离心收集上清液,即为重组核苷磷酸化酶的粗酶液。
粗酶液用Ni-NTAAgarose亲和柱(General Electric Company)层析除去杂蛋白,得到纯化后的核苷磷酸化酶。得到了纯化后的重组核苷磷酸化酶的NPase。从图2可以看到。
其中,LB培养基含有蛋白胨10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,NaCl 10g/L,pH7.0。含卡那霉素的LB培养基:LB培养基中含有浓度为50μg/mL卡那霉素。
实施例5
本实施例说明本发明中核苷磷酸化酶NPase活力测定过程。
具体为:通过检测254nm处吸光值变化的方式,利用HPLC测定核苷磷酸化酶的活力。核苷磷酸化酶NPase活力测定方法如下:用50mmol/L磷酸缓冲液(含1mmol/L的EDTA;PH8.0)配置制含有40mmol/L的肌苷。反应体系中先加入250μl已配置好的肌苷,和700μl上述磷酸缓冲,最后加入50μl适当稀释的酶液,在振荡仪中进行反应,反应温度为50℃,反应时间为10min。反应结束后取样50ul加入到950ul的甲醇中终止反应。用高效液相法在254nm下检 测反应结束时生成的次黄嘌呤的量。以灭活酶液为空白对照。每1个单位(U)核苷磷酸化酶定义为:在相应条件下,每分钟催化产生1μmol次黄嘌呤所需的酶量。
经测定每毫升重组菌发酵液的核苷磷酸化酶NPase酶活为728U。
实施例6
本实施例说明不同因素对核苷磷酸化酶的NPase催化合成核苷类似物的影响。
底物尿苷和2,6-氨基嘌呤浓度比为1:1,核苷磷酸化酶作为生物催化剂,分别设计pH、温度、底物浓度等作为单变量因素,研究其对转化率的影响。实验结果(图3-5)表明最适反应pH为8.0左右,最适反应温度为60℃,最适底物浓度为50mM,反应3h达到最大转化率。
实施例7
本实施例说明核苷磷酸化酶在催化合成核苷类似物中的应用。
本发明催化合成核苷类似物的反应式如下所示:
在PH8.0的磷酸缓冲液(含1mM的EDTA)中分别以尿苷、2'-脱氧尿苷作为供体,2-氨基-6-氯嘌呤、2,6-氨基嘌呤、2-氟腺嘌呤、2-氯腺嘌呤、6-氯嘌呤、2-氨基嘌呤、6-硫鸟嘌呤、2,6-二氯嘌呤、6-氯-2-氟嘌呤、2-氨基-6-溴嘌呤、2-氨基-6-氯嘌呤作为受体进行核苷类似物的合成。供体与受体摩尔比为1:1,终浓度为10mM。加入核苷磷酸化酶,在恒温振荡反应器中60℃反应。反应一段时间后,取50μl样品加入到950μl甲醇中以终止反应,利用高压液相色谱HPLC检测产物。检测条件为流动相甲醇:水=10:90,波长为254nm,柱温30℃,流速为1ml/min。根据峰面积判断底物的转化率。结果见表1。
表1核苷磷酸化酶在催化合成核苷类似物中的应用
结果表明核苷磷酸化酶NPase以2'-脱氧尿苷、尿等脱氧核苷为核糖供体,具有合成不同种类的核苷类似物的能力,产率较高,表明该酶具有广阔的应用前景。
序列表
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Claims (10)
1.一种核苷磷酸化酶高产菌株,其分类命名为米氏硫胺素芽孢杆菌(Aneurinibacillus migulanus)AM007,保藏编号为CCTCC NO:M2016404。
2.一种由权利要求1所述菌株生产的核苷磷酸化酶,其氨基酸序列表如SEQ ID No:2所示。
3.编码权利要求2所述的核苷磷酸化酶的基因。
4.根据权利要求3所述基因,其特征在于,所述核苷磷酸化酶酶基因的序列如SEQ IDNO:1所示。
5.含有权利要求3或4所述基因的重组表达载体或重组菌。
6.权利要求2所述核苷磷酸化酶在合成核苷类似物中的应用。
7.根据权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,采用含有核苷磷酸化酶基因的重组菌或所述重组菌的培养物催化合成核苷类似物;或采用所述核苷磷酸化酶催化合成核苷类似物。
8.根据权利要求6或7所述的应用,其特征在于,合成核苷类似物反应中,核糖供体为2'-脱氧尿苷或尿苷;核糖受体具有如下所示的结构式:
其中X取代基为Cl、NH2、H、SH或Br;Y取代基为Cl、NH2、H或F。
9.根据权利要求8所述的应用,其特征在于,核糖供体为2'-脱氧尿苷,反应体系中含有10~100mM 2'-脱氧尿苷,含有受体10~100mM,0.5~20U/mL核苷磷酸化酶,溶剂为pH5.0~9.0的磷酸缓冲溶液,反应温度为30~70℃,反应时间为1~8h;供体与受体的摩尔比为1:1~1:5;优选反应体系含有供体:受体比为1:1,1U/mL核苷磷酸化酶,pH8.0的磷酸缓冲,反应温度为60℃。
10.根据权利要求8所述的应用,其特征在于,核糖供体为尿苷,反应体系含有10~100mM尿苷,含有受体10~100mM,0.5~20U/mL核苷磷酸化酶,溶剂为pH5.0~9.0的磷酸缓冲溶液,反应温度为30~70℃,反应时间为1~8h,供体与受体的摩尔比为1:1~1:5;
优选反应体系含有供体:受体比为1:1,1U/mL核苷磷酸化酶,pH8.0的磷酸缓冲,反应温度为60℃。
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