CN1068063A - 铸模的注射喷嘴 - Google Patents

铸模的注射喷嘴 Download PDF

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CN1068063A
CN1068063A CN92105231A CN92105231A CN1068063A CN 1068063 A CN1068063 A CN 1068063A CN 92105231 A CN92105231 A CN 92105231A CN 92105231 A CN92105231 A CN 92105231A CN 1068063 A CN1068063 A CN 1068063A
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injection channel
nozzle
stop valve
mold
injection
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CN1037669C (zh
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维尼修·古佐尼
伊西诺·古佐尼
凯鲁比诺·古佐尼
阿尔贝托·古佐尼
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Akelilke Ag
Acrilux SpA
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/20Injection nozzles
    • B29C45/23Feed stopping equipment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/26Moulds
    • B29C45/27Sprue channels ; Runner channels or runner nozzles
    • B29C45/28Closure devices therefor
    • B29C45/2806Closure devices therefor consisting of needle valve systems
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/26Moulds
    • B29C45/27Sprue channels ; Runner channels or runner nozzles
    • B29C45/28Closure devices therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/26Moulds
    • B29C45/27Sprue channels ; Runner channels or runner nozzles
    • B29C45/28Closure devices therefor
    • B29C45/2806Closure devices therefor consisting of needle valve systems
    • B29C2045/2855Closure devices therefor consisting of needle valve systems intersecting the nozzle or runner channel
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/26Moulds
    • B29C45/27Sprue channels ; Runner channels or runner nozzles
    • B29C45/28Closure devices therefor
    • B29C45/2806Closure devices therefor consisting of needle valve systems
    • B29C2045/2875Preventing rotation of the needle valve

Abstract

用于铸模的注射喷嘴有一直的注入道。截止阀 容纳在适当的阀座内,此阀座倾斜地与注入道相交且 开口对准铸模的注入口。在注入期间,截止阀的头部 离开注入道。在注入后,截止阀的头部关闭注入口。

Description

本发明涉及比如用于合成材料的铸模以生产比如烛光玻璃罩和杯子之类的中空物件的注射喷嘴。之后,这些中空体可吹制成比如用于发光体的球形物。
已知的注射喷嘴包括由几个部件组成的本体,它有一容纳一针型或滑阀型截流阀的注入道,截流阀可来回移动以关闭和打开铸模的注入口。
这些已知的喷嘴有一些缺点。由于注入道内存在着运动部件并从而需要驱动它们,因此在运动部件作用到的地方必须使注入道转向。其结果是,注入的流体在作用处的下游沿着与运动部件的轴线不一致的方向冲击所述运动部件。这使得注入铸模之流体的流速发生变化,结果使速度分布图不对称,并且在大多数情况下其中心不在注入道的轴线上。这也会使进入铸模的材料不规则且不对称,结果使铸成的部件产生缺陷,比如厚度或温度、弹力的不均匀以及在铸模空腔内的不均匀材料流之间形成接缝。注入道里存在的运动部件会使注入道内的材料颗粒滞留不动。当改变注入材料的颜色时,留在注入道内的前次作业的残留物与其他颜色的新材料相掺合,在铸成的部件内产生不同颜色的斑点或色斑。由几个部件组成的已知喷嘴在结构上很复杂,很难使沿着注入道的温度均匀。
本发明的目的是提供一种用于铸模的结构简单、紧凑且只有很少部件的注射喷嘴,它能够供给均匀的材料流,注入道内不会有残留物,其结果可使铸成的物件厚度均匀,表面规则,完美无缺。
这里讨论的这种喷嘴,包括一注入道和用来关闭注入口的截止阀,本发明的目的以下面的措施来实现,即从进料口到铸模的注入口之间的注入道路经不受任何干扰,截止阀位于其自身阀座内,只在其下端与注入道相交,截止阀可从其关闭注入道出口的位置移动到其离开注入道的位置。
以此提出了一种简单紧凑的结构,而且由于喷嘴体是一件式的,可在自动化机械上以较低成本制造。
由于注入道是直的,沿这种注入道整个长度的温度分布也可以做到均匀,而且注入道的加工也简单。
由于容纳截止阀的孔的纵向轴线与注入道的纵向轴线夹成约20°的锐角,因此喷嘴体几乎不占什么空间。
由于铸模的注入孔和截止阀头部是截锥形的,而且在注入后截止阀头部关闭铸模的注入孔,因此注入道里不会有材料积留,可以制出不掺有注入道内积留材料的铸模制件,适于进一步吹制成完美无缺的中空物件。
由于截止阀与在一缸内运动的一活塞相连接,而且缸就是喷嘴体内的一个凹入部分,因此使结构简化,零件数目减少,并且截止阀运动精确。
由于有一位于喷嘴体内的螺钉的端头伸入截止阀上的轴向槽内,只要稍做一点调定工作,就可防止截止阀转动。
由于在喷嘴体内绕着注入道装有杆状的温度调节体,而且温度调节体的连接导线位于径向通道里,可以制成结构简单的温度调节装置,使沿着注入道的温度均匀分布。
温度调节体可用电阻制成。也可采用传送加热/冷却流体的调节体。本发明的喷嘴也可有利地采用加热装置的结构和利用流体的温度调节装置的结构。杆状加热体或温度调节体可设置在其中而不会增加喷嘴的体积。
本发明的优点在于可以将材料以均匀的速度穿过铸模注入孔的整个横截面供给到铸模里,而且可以防止材料流在铸模空腔里产生旋涡和偏离。材料充入铸模空腔,相对于流入口从中央作完全径向的流动。从而模制件的壁厚变化和常见的接缝现象都可以消除。模制件内也没有前一铸制过程的残留材料,立即就可以吹制以生产出中空的物件,比如用于发光体的球状物。
附图中显示了本发明之喷嘴的一个说明性实施例,下面予以详细说明。图中:
图1为沿图2的Ⅰ-Ⅰ线取的纵剖视图;
图2为沿图1的Ⅱ-Ⅱ线取的半剖平面视图。
注射喷嘴1有一具有注入道3和针型截止阀4的本体2。标号5表示铸模6的注入口。
根据本发明,本体2是一件式的,注入道3不受任何干扰。注入道3从进料口30延伸至出料口31,并且有比如绝对光亮的光滑表面。注入道3的路径是直的。在图示的例子中,注入道3沿着喷嘴体2的中心轴线向下成形。针型截止阀4可在其自身阀座里来回移动,这一实例中阀座是一孔道7。
孔道7的纵向轴线与注入道3的纵向轴线夹成一比如约20°的锐角。孔道7斜向地伸向铸模的注入口5,并且开口对准注入口5,从一侧与注入道3的下端相交。在图示的例子中,截止阀头部8和铸模6的注入口5是截锥形的。针型截止阀4与在缸9内的双向运动活塞19相连接,缸9可以是液压的或气动的。缸9是喷嘴体2内的一个凹入部分,并且顶部用由螺钉11固定的盖板10来封闭。操作流体的连接用标号12和13指示。
截止阀4有一纵向槽15,螺栓17的端部16伸入其中以防止截止阀转动。螺栓17位于阀体2内,槽15的长度大于阀4的双向行程。
活塞19在双点划线所示的退回位置时,截止阀头部8完全离开注入道3,而在处于实线所示的前进位置时,头部8关闭铸模注入口5并关闭注入道3。
还有用于加热的装置,它具有塞在与注入道3平行的各孔道21内的各电阻20。电阻20绕与注入道3同心的一圆周分布。电源线22装在径向通道23里。本体2内还有一用来调节流体温度的装置(未示)。
此装置可做成类似于电加热装置。用各杆状体代替各电阻,杆状体有用于流体循环的阀。杆状体由连接至温度调节源的各导体相互连接。
图1显示了在铸模6和配对铸模25之间的空腔内的中空铸模件24。铸模可更换地放在支座26内。标号27表示一O形圈。
喷嘴工作过程如下:
在注入阶段,截止阀头部8位于孔道7内且处于用双点划线表示的位置,完全离开注入道。材料流过注入道3而不会碰到任何障碍,然后以均匀的速度经过注入口5的整个横截面进入铸模空腔。因此材料能均匀散开并完全同心地通过铸模空腔,首先经过底座然后进入侧壁部分。在注入阶段后,活塞19使截止阀4前进并将其推向注入道出口31。当头部8前进时,它迫使位于注入道3旁边的孔道7内的流体材料、并接着使位于注入道3下面部分内以及注入口5内的材料回到注入道里。在这一行程的终点,头部8关闭注入口5。
头部8在来回运动中对注入道3和孔道7之间的交界处的角落起一种刮具的作用。这使任何材料都不会堆积在注入道3的底端和注入口5内。
由于有光滑壁面且没有干扰的直注入道使沿着注入道本身的在注入口内或在铸模空腔内的材料流不会分离或转向,因此保证了材料流进给的均匀性。
所提出的喷嘴可用于合成和金属材料的注射模制。截止阀控制缸9可直接用凸轮、倾斜型面、在张力或压力下工作的柔性绳缆或其他这类作动装置来代替。无论在哪种情况,因为作用在阀上的力的作用点是位于注入道之外,制作这种截止阀作动装置的支承部分并不困难。

Claims (8)

1、一种用于铸模的注射喷嘴,包括一注入道和一用来关闭注入口的截止阀,其特征在于,在从进料口30到进入铸模6之注入口5的注入道出口31之间的注入道3的路经上没有任何干扰,一截止阀4位于一孔道7内,此孔道7与注入道3的下端部分相交,截止阀4可从其关闭注入道3出口31的位置移动到其离开注入道3的位置。
2、如权利要求1所述的喷嘴,其特征在于,喷嘴体2制成一件式的。
3、如权利要求1所述的喷嘴,其特征在于,注入道3是直的。
4、如权利要求1所述的喷嘴,其特征在于,容纳截止阀4的孔道7的纵向轴线与注入道3的纵向轴线夹成约20°的角度。
5、如权利要求1和4所述的喷嘴,其特征在于,铸模6的注入口5和载止阀4头部8都是截锥形的,在注入后截止阀4头部8关闭铸模6的注入口5。
6、如权利要求1所述的喷嘴,其特征在于,截止阀4与一在一缸9内运动的活塞19相连接,且缸9是在喷嘴体2内的一个凹入部分。
7、如权利要求6所述的喷嘴,其特征在于,一旋入喷嘴体2的螺钉17的端头伸入截止阀4上的一轴向槽15内。
8、如权利要求1所述的喷嘴,其特征在于,在喷嘴体2内绕着注入道3有杆状温度调节装置20,温度调节体20的连接线安装在径向通道23内。
CN92105231A 1991-06-28 1992-06-27 铸模的注射喷嘴 Expired - Fee Related CN1037669C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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ITMI91A001779 1991-06-28
ITMI911779A IT1248888B (it) 1991-06-28 1991-06-28 Ugello di iniezione per uno stampo
ITMI91A-001779 1991-06-28

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CN1068063A true CN1068063A (zh) 1993-01-20
CN1037669C CN1037669C (zh) 1998-03-11

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US (1) US5511968A (zh)
EP (1) EP0520345B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH0729342B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR960006773B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1037669C (zh)
AT (1) ATE127070T1 (zh)
CA (1) CA2071563C (zh)
CZ (1) CZ285342B6 (zh)
DE (1) DE59203438D1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2077927T3 (zh)
IT (1) IT1248888B (zh)
PL (1) PL169700B1 (zh)
RU (1) RU2065817C1 (zh)
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JPH0729342B2 (ja) 1995-04-05
DE59203438D1 (de) 1995-10-05
SK280034B6 (sk) 1999-07-12
PL169700B1 (pl) 1996-08-30
ITMI911779A0 (it) 1991-06-28
CA2071563A1 (en) 1992-12-29
EP0520345A3 (en) 1993-05-05
EP0520345B1 (de) 1995-08-30
JPH05212759A (ja) 1993-08-24
CA2071563C (en) 1996-12-03
ITMI911779A1 (it) 1992-12-28
ATE127070T1 (de) 1995-09-15
CZ285342B6 (cs) 1999-07-14
CN1037669C (zh) 1998-03-11
SK199892A3 (en) 1995-05-10
US5511968A (en) 1996-04-30
CZ199892A3 (en) 1993-01-13
KR960006773B1 (ko) 1996-05-23
EP0520345A2 (de) 1992-12-30
IT1248888B (it) 1995-01-30
ES2077927T3 (es) 1995-12-01
PL295050A1 (en) 1993-07-12
RU2065817C1 (ru) 1996-08-27
KR930000235A (ko) 1993-01-15

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