CN106797187A - 电力转换装置、具备其的电动机驱动装置、鼓风机及压缩机、以及具备它们中的至少一方的空调机、冰箱和制冷机 - Google Patents

电力转换装置、具备其的电动机驱动装置、鼓风机及压缩机、以及具备它们中的至少一方的空调机、冰箱和制冷机 Download PDF

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CN106797187A
CN106797187A CN201480081697.8A CN201480081697A CN106797187A CN 106797187 A CN106797187 A CN 106797187A CN 201480081697 A CN201480081697 A CN 201480081697A CN 106797187 A CN106797187 A CN 106797187A
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inverter
phase
carrier signal
motor
current
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CN106797187B (zh
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植村启介
畠山和德
筱本洋介
鹿岛美津夫
松本崇
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P5/00Arrangements specially adapted for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of two or more electric motors
    • H02P5/74Arrangements specially adapted for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of two or more electric motors controlling two or more ac dynamo-electric motors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • H02M7/53871Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C28/00Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C28/08Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids characterised by varying the rotational speed
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/004Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids by varying driving speed
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/02Surge control
    • F04D27/0261Surge control by varying driving speed
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/022Compressor control arrangements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/04Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
    • F25D17/06Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation
    • F25D17/062Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation in household refrigerators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D29/00Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/14Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
    • H02M1/15Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output using active elements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • H02M7/53871Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • H02M7/53873Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current with digital control
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • H02M7/53871Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • H02M7/53875Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current with analogue control of three-phase output
    • H02M7/53876Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current with analogue control of three-phase output based on synthesising a desired voltage vector via the selection of appropriate fundamental voltage vectors, and corresponding dwelling times
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/539Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency
    • H02M7/5395Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency by pulse-width modulation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00Components
    • F04C2240/40Electric motor
    • F04C2240/403Electric motor with inverter for speed control
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/0042Driving elements, brakes, couplings, transmissions specially adapted for pumps
    • F04C29/0085Prime movers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/06Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00Control issues
    • F25B2600/02Compressor control
    • F25B2600/021Inverters therefor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/15Power, e.g. by voltage or current
    • F25B2700/151Power, e.g. by voltage or current of the compressor motor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/025Motor control arrangements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0009Devices or circuits for detecting current in a converter
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0043Converters switched with a phase shift, i.e. interleaved
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • H02M1/008Plural converter units for generating at two or more independent and non-parallel outputs, e.g. systems with plural point of load switching regulators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)

Abstract

电力转换装置具备:逆变器(4a),其使用第一载波信号(fc_a)驱动电动机(5a);逆变器(4b),其与逆变器(4a)并联连接,使用第二载波信号(fc_b)驱动电动机(5b);各相下桥臂分流电阻(441a、442a、443a),其用于检测流过逆变器(4b)的第一电流;各相下桥臂分流电阻(441b、442b、443b),其用于检测流过逆变器(4b)的第二电流;以及控制部(7),其对逆变器(4a、4b)进行控制。在对逆变器(4a、4b)进行控制时,在第一载波信号(fc_a)与第二载波信号(fc_b)之间设定有相位差,以使第一载波信号(fc_a)中的第一电流的检测期间与第二载波信号(fc_b)中的第二电流的检测期间不重叠。

Description

电力转换装置、具备其的电动机驱动装置、鼓风机及压缩机、 以及具备它们中的至少一方的空调机、冰箱和制冷机
技术领域
本发明涉及电力转换装置、具备其的电动机驱动装置、鼓风机及压缩机、以及具备它们中的至少一方的空调机、冰箱和制冷机。
背景技术
在具备PWM调制方式的三相逆变器且共用各逆变器的母线而构成的电力转换装置中,采用分别控制与各逆变器连接的电动机的方法。
通过共用各逆变器的母线,流过各逆变器的电流的合成电流流过母线,因此存在因各逆变器的开关模式不同而母线电流的脉动分量增大的情况。由此,与母线连接的平滑电容器的发热增大,电容器的劣化加速而缩短寿命。此外,为了平滑较大的电流脉动,需要增大电容器容量,也导致电容器的尺寸增加。因此,公开有例如下述方法:通过“在第一电动机和第二电动机双方都输出与旋转方向相同方向的转矩进行动力运行的状态即共同动力运行状态、或者都输出与旋转方向相反方向的转矩进行再生的状态即共同再生状态下,进行使第一逆变器的第一载波的相位与第二逆变器的第二载波的相位彼此偏离四分之一周期的相移控制”,能够抑制母线电流的脉动分量,减少因电容器及直流电源线的发热而产生的热损失(例如下述专利文献1)。
专利文献1:国际公开第2012/073955号
发明内容
在上述专利文献中,为了抑制母线电流的脉动而改变相位。但是,在这种情况下,有可能因电动机控制所需的信号(例如电流检测信号)的检测延迟而导致控制性变差。
特别是,在使用分流电阻作为检测电动机电流的部件的情况下,需要与逆变器的开关动作对应地进行电流检测,在A/D转换器(电路)的采样保持电路的延迟较大的情况下,该问题就会变得明显。因此,需要高速的A/D转换电路或具有多个采样保持电路的A/D转换电路,有可能导致装置高成本化、大型化。
本发明是鉴于上述问题而完成的,其目的在于提供一种电力转换装置,其不使用高速的A/D转换电路或具有多个采样保持电路的A/D转换电路,就能够检测电动机电流。
为了解决上述问题,实现发明目的,本发明提供一种电力转换装置,其具备:第一电力转换部,其使用第一载波信号驱动第一交流负载;第二电力转换部,其与上述第一电力转换部并联连接,使用第二载波信号驱动第二交流负载;第一电流检测部,其检测流过上述第一电力转换部的第一电流;第二电流检测部,其检测流过上述第二电力转换部的第二电流;以及控制部,其对上述第一电力转换部和上述第二电力转换部进行控制,其中,在上述第一载波信号与上述第二载波信号之间设定有相位差,以使上述第一载波信号中的上述第一电流的检测期间与上述第二载波信号中的上述第二电流的检测期间不重叠。
根据本发明,能够起到不使用高速的A/D转换电路或具有多个采样保持电路的A/D转换电路就能够检测电动机电流的效果。
附图说明
图1是表示包括实施方式涉及的电力转换装置的电动机驱动装置的一个构成示例的图。
图2是表示实施方式涉及的电动机驱动装置的控制部的一个构成示例的图。
图3是表示在空间矢量调制方式中各相上桥臂开关元件的导通/断开(ON/OFF)状态与逆变器的输出电压矢量的关系的示意图。
图4是表示八个输出电压矢量与各相上桥臂开关元件的导通/断开状态的关系的图。
图5是表示在第一逆变器和第二逆变器的输出电压矢量为零矢量V0(000)时流过逆变器的各部的电流的图。
图6是表示第一逆变器和第二逆变器的载波信号与各相下桥臂电压的检测定时的关系的图。
图7是表示对图6的载波信号设置了相位差时的载波信号与各相下桥臂电压的检测定时的关系的图。
符号说明
1交流电源;2整流器;3平滑单元;4a逆变器(第一逆变器);4b逆变器(第二逆变器);5a电动机(第一电动机);5b电动机(第二电动机);7控制部;10a电流运算部(第一电流运算部);10b电流运算部(第二电流运算部);11a坐标转换部(第一坐标转换部);11b坐标转换部(第二坐标转换部);12a电压指令值计算部(第一电压指令值计算部);12b电压指令值计算部(第二电压指令值计算部);13a驱动信号生成部(第一驱动信号生成部);13b驱动信号生成部(第二驱动信号生成部);14a转子旋转位置运算部(第一转子旋转位置运算部);14b转子旋转位置运算部(第二转子旋转位置运算部);15a载波信号生成部(第一载波信号生成部);15b载波信号生成部(第二载波信号生成部);41a、41b开关元件(U相上桥臂开关元件);42a、42b开关元件(V相上桥臂开关元件);43a、43b开关元件(W相上桥臂开关元件);44a、44b开关元件(U相下桥臂开关元件);45a、45b开关元件(V相下桥臂开关元件);46a、46b开关元件(W相下桥臂开关元件);61a~63a电压检测部(第一电压检测部);61b~63b电压检测部(第二电压检测部);72A/D转换电路;441a U相下桥臂分流电阻(第一电流检测部);441b U相下桥臂分流电阻(第二电流检测部);442a V相下桥臂分流电阻(第一电流检测部);442b V相下桥臂分流电阻(第二电流检测部);443a W相下桥臂分流电阻(第一电流检测部);443b W相下桥臂分流电阻(第二电流检测部)。
具体实施方式
下面,参照附图,对本发明的实施方式涉及的电力转换装置进行说明。另外,本发明不限于以下所示的实施方式。
实施方式
图1是表示包括实施方式涉及的电力转换装置的电动机驱动装置的一个构成示例的图。实施方式涉及的电动机驱动装置如图1所示,由整流器2对交流电源1的电力进行整流之后,由平滑单元3使其平滑后转换成直流电力。作为第一电力转换部的第一逆变器4a和作为第二电力转换部的第二逆变器4b并联连接,通过平滑单元3进行了平滑的直流电力由第一逆变器4a和第二逆变器4b转换成三相交流电力,并提供给作为第一交流负载的第一电动机5a和作为第二交流负载的第二电动机5b。另外,为了简化说明,以下说明中将省略标注符号的构成部件的所谓“第一”和“第二”的称呼。
逆变器4a作为用于向电动机5a供给三相交流电力的主要构成部件,由包括上桥臂开关元件(以下将省略标注符号的构成部件的所谓“上桥臂”的称呼)41a~43a(其中,41a:U相;42a:V相;43a:W相)和下桥臂开关元件(以下将省略标注符号的构成部件的所谓“下桥臂”的称呼)44a~46a(其中,44a:U相;45a:V相;46a:W相)的三个桥臂构成。同样,逆变器4b作为用于向电动机5b供给三相交流电力的主要构成部件,由包括开关元件41b~43b(其中,41b:U相;42b:V相;43b:W相)和开关元件44b~46b(其中,44b:U相;45b:V相;46b:W相)的三个桥臂构成。
此外,实施方式涉及的逆变器4a具备分别设置在开关元件44a~46a与逆变器4a的负电压侧之间的作为第一电流检测部的各相下桥臂分流电阻(以下将省略标注符号的构成部件的所谓“各相下桥臂”的称呼)441a、442a、443a(其中,441a:U相;442a:V相;443a:W相)。同样,逆变器4b具备分别设置在开关元件44b~46b与逆变器4b的负电压侧之间的作为第二电流检测部的分流电阻441b、442b、443b(其中,441b:U相;442b:V相;443b:W相)。这里,设分流电阻441a、442a、443a、以及441b、442b、443b的电阻值为Rsh。
此外,实施方式涉及的逆变器4a和逆变器4b具备用于检测分流电阻441a、442a、443a、以及441b、442b、443b的电位(以下称为“各相下桥臂电压”)Vu_a、Vv_a、Vw_a和Vu_b、Vv_b、Vw_b的电压检测部61a~63a及61b~63b。
控制部7例如由微处理器或CPU等构成,是进行与电动机5a、5b的控制应用程序相对应的运算/控制的运算/控制单元。此外,如图所示,在控制部7中设置有用于将输入的模拟电压信号转换成数字值的A/D转换电路72。
图2是表示实施方式涉及的电力转换装置的控制部的一个构成示例的图。实施方式涉及的控制部7被划分为与逆变器4a相关的部分和与逆变器4b相关的部分。
针对逆变器4a,具备:电流运算部10a,其基于由电压检测部61a~63a检测出的各相下桥臂电压Vu_a、Vv_a、Vw_a计算流过电动机5a的各相绕组的各相电流iu_a、iv_a、iw_a;坐标转换部11a,其将电流运算部10a的输出即各相电流iu_a、iv_a、iw_a从三相固定坐标系转换成两相旋转坐标系;电压指令值计算部12a,其在坐标转换部11a对各相电流iu_a、iv_a、iw_a进行了坐标转换的情况下基于坐标转换后的电流iγ_a、iδ_a计算从逆变器4a向电动机5a的各相绕组输出的各相电压指令值VLu*_a、VLv*_a、VLw*_a;驱动信号生成部13a,其基于从电压指令值计算部12a输出的各相电压指令值VLu*_a、VLv*_a、VLw*_a生成向开关元件41a~43a及开关元件44a~46a输出的各驱动信号Sup_a、Sun_a、Svp_a、Svn_a、Swp_a、Swn_a;转子旋转位置运算部14a,其基于坐标转换后的电流iγ_a、iδ_a计算电动机5a的转子旋转位置θ_a;以及载波信号生成部15a,其生成成为各驱动信号Sup_a、Sun_a、Svp_a、Svn_a、Swp_a、Swn_a的基准频率的三角波或锯齿波等载波信号fc_a。
针对逆变器4b,具备:电流运算部10b,其基于由电压检测部61b~63b检测出的各相下桥臂电压Vu_b、Vv_b、Vw_b计算流过电动机5b的各相绕组的各相电流iu_b、iv_b、iw_b;坐标转换部11b,其将电流运算部10b的输出即各相电流iu_b、iv_b、iw_b从三相固定坐标系转换成两相旋转坐标系;电压指令值计算部12b,其在坐标转换部11b对各相电流iu_b、iv_b、iw_b进行了坐标转换的情况下基于坐标转换后的电流iγ_b、iδ_b计算从逆变器4b向电动机5b的各相绕组输出的各相电压指令值VLu*_b、VLv*_b、VLw*_b;驱动信号生成部13b,其基于从电压指令值计算部12b输出的各相电压指令值VLu*_b、VLv*_b、VLw*_b生成向开关元件41b~43b及开关元件44b~46b输出的各驱动信号Sup_b、Sun_b、Svp_b、Svn_b、Swp_b、Swn_b;转子旋转位置运算部14b,其基于坐标转换后的电流iγ_b、iδ_b计算电动机5b的转子旋转位置θ_b;以及载波信号生成部15b,其生成成为各驱动信号Sup_b、Sun_b、Svp_b、Svn_b、Swp_b、Swn_b的基准频率的三角波或锯齿波等载波信号fc_b。
另外,上述控制部7的结构仅是作为负载装置的电动机5a以及用于控制电动机5a的一个构成示例,本发明不限于该控制部7的结构及控制方法。
接着,参照图3和图4,对通过PWM调制来生成针对开关元件41a~43a、41b~43b、以及开关元件44a~46a、44b~46b的驱动信号的空间矢量调制方式进行说明。图3是表示在空间矢量调制方式中开关元件41a~43a的导通/断开(ON/OFF)状态与逆变器4a的输出电压矢量的关系的示意图,图4是表示八个输出电压矢量与开关元件41a~43a的导通/断开状态的关系的图。另外,在图4所示的示例中,将开关元件41a~43a为导通状态的情况定义为“1”,将开关元件41a~43a为断开状态的情况定义为“0”。
如图4所示,作为开关元件41a~43a的导通/断开状态,存在导通状态(也就是“1”)和断开状态(也就是“0”)两种状态,并且,与开关元件41a~43a的导通/断开状态的组合相对应地将逆变器4a的输出电压矢量以(U相开关元件41a的状态)(V相开关元件42a的状态)(W相开关元件43a的状态))的形式来定义,则存在V0(000)、V1(100)、V2(010)、V3(001)、V4(110)、V5(011)、V6(101)、V7(111)八种情况。将这些逆变器4a的输出电压矢量中的、不具有大小的V0(000)和V7(111)称为零矢量,它们以外的大小相等且彼此之间具有60度相位差的V1(100)、V2(010)、V3(001)、V4(110)、V5(011)、V6(101)称为实矢量。
控制部7将上述各零矢量V0、V7、以及各实矢量V1~V6通过任意组合的方式进行合成而生成与各相上桥臂开关元件41a~43a及各相下桥臂开关元件44a~46a对应的三相PWM电压驱动信号。
此外,对于逆变器4b,也使用与上述逆变器4a相同的方法生成与开关元件41b~43b及开关元件44b~46b对应的三相PWM电压驱动信号。
接着,对实施方式涉及的逆变器4a和逆变器4b的各相电流iu_a、iv_a、iw_a、以及iu_b、iv_b、iw_b的计算方法进行说明。
图5是表示在逆变器4a和逆变器4b的输出电压矢量为零矢量V0(000)的情况下流过逆变器4a、4b的各部的电流的图。在图5所示的示例中,作为一个示例示出了在逆变器4a和逆变器4b的输出电压矢量从实矢量V1(100)转变为零矢量V0(000)的情况下流过逆变器4a和逆变器4b的电流。在图5所示的示例中,分别将电动机5a和电动机5b的各相绕组的从高电位侧流向低电位侧的电流称为iu_a、iv_a、iw_a、以及iu_b、iv_b、iw_b。另外,以下各图所示的示例中也使用与图5相同的记载。
如图5所示,在逆变器4a的输出电压矢量从实矢量V1(100)转变为零矢量V0(000)的情况下,U相电流iu_a从Xa点经由U相开关元件44a的回流二极管流向电动机5a,V相电流iv_a从电动机5a经由V相开关元件45a、V相分流电阻442a流向Xa点,W相电流iw_a经由W相开关元件46a流向Xa点。此时,U相下桥臂电压Vu_a、V相下桥臂电压Vv_a和W相下桥臂电压Vw_a能够由下述三式表示。
Vu_a=(-iu_a)×Rsh…(1)
Vv_a=iv_a×Rsh…(2)
Vw_a=iw_a×Rsh…(3)
也就是说,能够使用上述(1)、(2)、(3)式计算各相电流iu_a、iv_a、iw_a。
对于逆变器4b也是同样的,在逆变器4b的输出电压矢量从实矢量V1(100)转变为零矢量V0(000)的情况下,U相电流iu_b从Xb点经由U相开关元件44b的回流二极管流向电动机5b,V相电流iv_b从电动机5b经由V相开关元件45b、V相分流电阻442b流向Xb点,W相电流iw_b经由W相开关元件46b流向Xb点。此时,U相下桥臂电压Vu_b、V相下桥臂电压Vv_b和W相下桥臂电压Vw_b能够由下述三式表示。
Vu_b=(-iu_b)×Rsh…(4)
Vv_b=iv_b×Rsh…(5)
Vw_b=iw_b×Rsh…(6)
也就是说,能够使用上述(4)、(5)、(6)式计算各相电流iu_b、iv_b、iw_b。
根据以上说明,只要是图1所示的电路结构,就能够通过检测各相下桥臂电压Vu_a、Vv_a、Vw_a、以及Vu_b、Vv_b、Vw_b来计算流过电动机5a和电动机5b的电流。
此外,通过使用电动机5a和电动机5b的三相平衡条件式,只要检测各相下桥臂电压中的两相就能够计算流过电动机5a和电动机5b的电流。
例如在逆变器4a中检测U相下桥臂电压Vu_a和V相下桥臂电压Vv_a,使用式(1)、(2)计算U相电流iu_a、V相电流iv_a,并将它们代入到式(7)中。
iu_a+iv_a+iw_a=0…(7)
由此,能够计算W相电流iw_a。
在逆变器4b中也同样检测U相下桥臂电压Vu_b和V相下桥臂电压Vv_b,使用式(4)、(5)计算U相电流iu_b、V相电流iv_b,并将它们代入到式(8)中。
iu_b+iv_b+iw_b=0…(8)
由此,能够计算W相电流iw_b。
根据以上说明,在逆变器4a和逆变器4b中检测至少两相的下桥臂电压,由此能够计算各相电动机电流。
图6是表示用于生成逆变器4a的驱动信号的载波信号fc_a及用于生成逆变器4b的驱动信号的载波信号fc_b与逆变器4a及逆变器4b的各相下桥臂电压的检测定时的关系的图。另外,在图6的示例中示出了在逆变器4a中检测出U相下桥臂电压Vu_a和V相下桥臂电压Vv_a,在逆变器4b中检测出U相下桥臂电压Vu_b和V相下桥臂电压Vv_b的情况。
如上所述,控制部7在逆变器4a及逆变器4b输出零矢量V0(000)的定时检测各相下桥臂电压Vu_a、Vv_a、Vu_b、Vv_b。
各相下桥臂电压Vu_a、Vv_a、Vu_b、Vv_b是模拟值,控制部7的A/D转换电路72(参照图1)将它们转换成数字值。这里,A/D转换电路72有固有的延迟时间(Tad),按照事先设定的顺序检测各相下桥臂电压。另外,在图6中,示出了按Vv_a→Vu_a→Vv_b→Vu_b的顺序进行检测,将载波信号fc_a的波谷设为检测开始的触发的示例。
此外,图6中示出了在载波信号fc_a与载波信号fc_b之间没有相位差即同步了的情况。
在图6中,在考虑到A/D转换电路72的延迟时间Tad的情况下,逆变器4a的U相下桥臂电压Vu_a、V相下桥臂电压Vv_a、以及逆变器4b的V相下桥臂电压Vv_b能够在零矢量V0(000)的期间内进行检测。但是,最后检测的逆变器4b的U相下桥臂电压Vu_b,在从逆变器4b输出零矢量V0(000)的定时超出Td时检测。由此,在将U相下桥臂电压Vu_b的检测值直接应用于式(4)时会得到错误的计算结果。因此,可能对电动机控制运算产生不良影响。
图7是表示在图6的载波信号设置了相位差时的载波信号与各相下桥臂电压的检测定时的关系的图。在该图7中,示出了在与图6相同的条件下在载波信号fc_a与载波信号fc_b之间设置了相位差(Tdl)的情况。
通过在载波信号fc_a与载波信号fc_b之间设定相位差Tdl,如图示那样使逆变器4a的U相下桥臂电压Vu_a和V相下桥臂电压Vv_a、以及逆变器4b的U相下桥臂电压Vu_b和V相下桥臂电压Vv_b的所有检测定时都位于逆变器4a和逆变器4b输出零矢量V0(000)的期间内。由此,通过设定载波信号fc_a与载波信号fc_b之间的相位差Tdl,能够准确地检测各相下桥臂电压。通过将相位差Tdl设定为第一逆变器4a的各相下桥臂电压检测中A/D转换电路72的延迟时间的合计以上,能够防止各相下桥臂电压的误检测。
根据以上说明,通过适当地设定第一载波信号fc_a与第二载波信号fc_b之间的相位差Tdl,能够准确地检测各相下桥臂电压,从而能够期待电动机控制性提高。特别是,能够将仅具备一个A/D转换电路或A/D转换电路的延迟Tad较大的微处理器、DSP适用于控制部7,从而能够在控制部7适用廉价的微处理器、DSP。
如以上说明的那样,根据本实施方式涉及的电力转换装置,其具备:第一电力转换部,其使用第一载波信号驱动第一交流负载;第二电力转换部,其与第一电力转换部并联连接,使用第二载波信号驱动第二交流负载;第一电流检测部,其检测流过第一电力转换部的第一电流;第二电流检测部,其检测流过第二电力转换部的第二电流;以及控制部,其对第一电力转换部和第二电力转换部进行控制,其中,在第一载波信号与第二载波信号之间设定相位差以使第一载波信号中的第一电流的检测期间与第二载波信号中的第二电流的检测期间不重叠,因此不使用高速的A/D转换电路或具有多个采样保持电路的A/D转换电路就能够检测电动机电流。
另外,在本实施方式中,作为一个示例对利用被插入至逆变器的下桥臂的分流电阻进行电流检测进行了说明,但是与分流电阻的插入位置无关,另外其他传感器(例如位置传感器)在实际中也必然会产生检测延迟,本发明在这样的情况下也是有效的。
此外,在本实施方式中,例示了用两个逆变器驱动两个交流负载(第一电动机及第二电动机)的情况,但是本发明不限于此,也可以是驱动三个以上交流负载的结构。
此外,在本实施方式中,作为示例对将直流电源的直流电力转换成三相交流电力的方式进行了说明,但是本发明不限于此,也可以是将直流电源的直流电力转换成单相交流电力的结构。
此外,在本实施方式中,在电动机驱动装置中,电动机的转数较低且逆变器的输出电压为基于平滑电容器的输出即直流电压的限制值以下的情况下,通过设定导通占空比Don的下限、上限,能够与实施方式同样有效地获得减小损失、提高功率因数、减少输入电流的谐波等效果。将这样的电动机驱动装置用于驱动鼓风机及压缩机的电动机中的至少一个电动机,则在构成空调机或冰箱、制冷机时也能够获得相同的效果。
本实施方式所说明的电力转换装置例示了电动机作为负载的情况并进行了说明,能够像这样适用于电动机驱动装置。这样的电动机驱动装置能够适用于搭载在空调机、冰箱或制冷机中的鼓风机或压缩机。
在本实施方式中,在电动机驱动装置中,电动机的转数较低且逆变器的输出电压为基于平滑电容器的输出即直流电压的限制值以下的情况下,通过设定导通占空比Don的下限、上限,能够与实施方式同样有效地获得减小损失、提高功率因数、减少输入电流的谐波等效果。将这样的电动机驱动装置用于驱动鼓风机及压缩机的电动机中的至少一个电动机,则在构成空调机或冰箱、制冷机时也能够获得相同的效果。
另外,以上的实施方式所示的结构仅是本发明的结构的一个示例,还能够与其他公知技术组合,显然在不脱离本发明要旨的范围内也能够省略一部分等进行变更而构成。
如以上所述,本发明作为不使用高速的A/D转换电路或具有多个采样保持电路的A/D转换电路就能够检测电动机电流的电力转换装置是有效的。

Claims (10)

1.一种电力转换装置,其特征在于,具备:
第一电力转换部,其使用第一载波信号驱动第一交流负载;
第二电力转换部,其与所述第一电力转换部并联连接,使用第二载波信号驱动第二交流负载;
第一电流检测部,其检测流过所述第一电力转换部的第一电流;
第二电流检测部,其检测流过所述第二电力转换部的第二电流;以及
控制部,其对所述第一电力转换部和所述第二电力转换部进行控制,其中,
在所述第一载波信号与所述第二载波信号之间设定有相位差,以使所述第一载波信号中的所述第一电流的检测期间与所述第二载波信号中的所述第二电流的检测期间不重叠。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电力转换装置,其特征在于:
所述相位差为所述第一电流检测部的检测延迟时间以上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电力转换装置,其特征在于:
所述第一交流负载是第一电动机,所述第二交流负载是第二电动机。
4.根据权利要求3所述的电力转换装置,其特征在于:
所述第一电动机具备用于掌握旋转位置的第一位置传感器,
所述第二电动机具备用于掌握旋转位置的第二位置传感器,
所述相位差为所述第一位置传感器的检测延迟时间以上。
5.一种电动机驱动装置,其特征在于:
具备权利要求3或4所述的电力转换装置,驱动权利要求3所述的第一电动机及第二电动机。
6.一种鼓风机,其特征在于:
具备权利要求1至4中任一项所述的电力转换装置。
7.一种压缩机,其特征在于:
具备权利要求1至4中任一项所述的电力转换装置。
8.一种空调机,其特征在于:
具备权利要求6所述的鼓风机和权利要求7所述的压缩机中的至少一方。
9.一种冰箱,其特征在于:
具备权利要求6所述的鼓风机和权利要求7所述的压缩机中的至少一方。
10.一种制冷机,其特征在于:
具备权利要求6所述的鼓风机和权利要求7所述的压缩机中的至少一方。
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