CN106773216A - 一种液晶显示器及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种液晶显示器,该液晶显示器包括:多个四方形像素结构,每个四方形像素结构由红色子像素、绿色子像素和蓝色子像素构成,每个四方形像素结构分为4个大小相等的正方形子区域,蓝色子像素的面积是红色子像素或绿色子像素面积的两倍。在本发明中,所提供的四方形像素结构增大了蓝色像素的面积,使蓝光效率提高,使用所提供的四方形像素结构与蓝光激发量子点结合,使该液晶显示器在不增加额外成本的情况下,具备高曝光精度、更广的视角、高色饱和度、无色偏、高对比、快速响应和高分辨的特点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于液晶显示领域,涉及一种液晶显示器及其制备方法。
背景技术
液晶显示器(LCD)包含CF(color filter,彩色滤光片)基板和Array(阵列)基板,基板相对内侧存在透明电极。两片基板之间夹一层液晶分子,液晶显示器通过电场对液晶分子取向的控制,改变光的偏振状态,并藉由偏光板实现光路的穿透与阻挡,实现显示的目的。
TFT-LCD(薄膜晶体管液晶显示屏)由于具有低的功耗、优异的画面品质以及较高的生产良率等优异性能,已经逐渐占据了显示领域的主导地位。现在液晶面板根据显示模式的不同主要分为VA(vertical alignment,垂直配向)、IPS(in plane swiching,平面转换)和小尺寸常用的FFS(fringe field swiching,边缘场开关)技术。这些不同的显示技术中,配向方式又各有不同。目前在TFT-LCD生产中较为广泛应用的配向技术是磨刷配向法。磨刷配向法可以提供液晶分子较强的配向能力,但是在磨刷的过程中,由于利用绒布接触式的摩擦,会产生静电和颗粒的污染,而这些污染往往直接造成液晶元件的损坏。因此,为了避免静电和颗粒的污染,也为了比较容易的控制液晶分子的配向方式,研究者都在不断研究改进非接触式的配向方式。利用非接触式的配向方式,可以根据一些特定的图形的遮罩来制作小面积的配向,进而制作一些特别需求的液晶元件。其中被大家熟知的非接触式配向方法为用线偏紫外光照射有感光剂的配向剂,称之为紫外光配向法,简称光配向。
光配向利用线偏的紫外光照射在具有感光剂的高分子聚合物配向剂上,其优点为可避免玻璃基板表面的污染、可以进行小面积的配向、透过光罩可作图形的配向,利用入射光的角度与照射时间的长短,可以控制液晶单元的参数,如预倾角、表面定向强度等。一般光配向法的配向剂可以分为三大类:第一类为配向膜在照射到线偏紫外光后,在偏极方向上的分子会键结成长键的分子,使得配向膜具有异方性的分布,液晶分子就顺着长键分子方向排列;第二类为配向膜光照后,在偏极方向上的长键分子会被紫外光所破坏,使配向膜产生非等向的分布,液晶分子就会顺着未被破坏的长键分子方向排列。第三类为cis-trans,一般是使用含有偶氮分子的配向剂,配向剂照光前后会形成不同的排列方向。此三类配向膜都可以产生不错的配向效果,具有高开口、高对比和快速响应等优点。
量子点作为新兴的显示器用材料,已经得到了广泛的认可和关注。量子点(quantum dot)是准零维(quasi-zero-dimensional)的纳米材料,由少量的原子所构成。粗略地说,量子点三个维度的尺寸都在100纳米(nm)以下,外观恰似一极小的点状物,其内部电子在各方向上的运动都受到局限,所以量子限域效应(quantum confinement effect)特别显著。其激发光谱宽且连续分布,发射光谱窄而对称,颜色可调,光化学稳定性高,荧光寿命长,是一种理想的发光材料。当前量子点根据能量的获得方式不同而主要有两类,其一为光致发光,其二为电致发光。量子点发光颜色是通过量子点的尺寸效应,即通过控制量子点的形状、结构和尺寸,以调节其能隙宽度、激子束缚能的大小以及激子的能量蓝移等电子状态。
发明内容
本发明一方面提供了一种液晶显示器,该液晶显示器包括:
多个四方形像素结构,每个四方形像素结构由红色子像素(R)、绿色子像素(G)和蓝色子像素(B)构成,每个四方形像素结构分为4个大小相等的正方形子区域,蓝色子像素的面积是红色子像素或绿色子像素面积的两倍。
根据本发明优选的实施方式,所述蓝色子像素可以占据相邻或者对角的两个子区域,优选地,所述蓝色子像素占据相邻的两个子区域。
根据本发明优选的实施方式,所述四方形像素结构成阵列方式排布。
根据本发明优选的实施方式,所述液晶显示器背光为蓝光,蓝色子像素依靠背光颜色发光,红色子像素和绿色子像素分别掺杂有红色和绿色量子点材料;
或所述液晶显示器背光为白光,蓝色子像素、红色子像素和绿色子像素分别掺杂有蓝色、红色和绿色量子点材料。
根据本发明优选的实施方式,所述蓝色、红色和绿色量子点材料的质量分数为4%-20%。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供了所述的液晶显示器的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、分别对彩色滤光片和阵列基板进行制备和表面处理;
S2、光配向,在彩色滤光片基板和阵列基板上分别涂布配向剂,光照形成配向膜;
S3、将彩色滤光片和阵列基板进行对组。
根据本发明优选的实施方式,所述彩色滤光片或阵列基板配向方式为:
将玻璃基板放置于承载平台上,利用光罩对所述玻璃基板上的配向剂按照一定的照射角度进行线偏紫外光照射,线偏紫外光穿过光罩的透光区而对应照射在四方形像素结构的某一子区域上,从而使该子区域上的配向剂形成第一配向方向,保持光罩和线偏紫外光照射方向不变,按照一定方向依次旋转承载平台3次,每次旋转角度为90°,分别对另外三个子区域进行光配向,依次形成第二、第三、第四配向方向,从而得到具有四种配向方向的配向膜,使每一个四方形像素结构具有四种配向方向的子区域。
根据本发明优选的实施方式,在配向过程中,所述阵列侧玻璃基板相对于彩色滤光片侧玻璃基板的初始位置旋转90°。
根据本发明优选的实施方式,所述步骤S2中,在配向过程中使用的光罩的形状与所述四方形像素结构形状相同,包括透光区和遮光区,透光区与所述一个子区域的形状相同。
根据本发明优选的实施方式,所述步骤S2中,所述光配向过程中,紫外光的照射角度为88°-89.7°。
在本发明中,所提供的四方形像素结构增大了蓝色像素的面积,使蓝光效率提高,使用所提供的四方形像素结构与蓝光激发量子点结合,使该液晶显示器在不增加额外成本的情况下,具备高曝光精度、更广的视角、高色饱和度、无色偏、高对比、快速响应和高分辨的特点。
附图说明
图1为四方形像素结构示意图。
图2是光罩示意图。
其中,1光罩遮光区,2光罩透光区,3线偏紫外光。
图3是彩色滤光片与阵列基板配向后相互垂直示意图。
图4是单侧配向后液晶导向示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明进行详细说明,但本发明并不受下述实施例限定。
实施例1
一种液晶显示器,该液晶显示器包括:
多个四方形像素结构,每个四方形像素结构由红色子像素、绿色子像素和蓝色子像素构成,每个四方形像素结构分为4个大小相等的正方形子区域,所述蓝色子像素占据相邻的两个子区域,蓝色子像素的面积是红色子像素或绿色子像素面积的两倍。其中蓝色子像素依靠背光发光,四方形像素结构成阵列方式排布。
所述的液晶显示器的制备方法为:按照常用的TFT-LCD制程,分别对彩色滤光片和阵列基板进行制备和表面处理;
其中,彩色滤光片基板在配向层涂布前,RGB彩膜采用掺杂有量子点的材料制备,制备方法为:在彩色滤光片侧表面依次涂布混有可蓝光激发的红色、绿色量子点的透明光阻材料,红色和绿色量子点的掺杂比例可为4%~20%(质量比),采用类似TFT-LCD制程中彩色滤光片制程技术,对该膜进行烘干,并进行形曝光和显影动作,蚀刻出与罩搭配的图案。
在进行成盒制程时,涂布完光配向聚合物后,对彩色滤光片和阵列侧玻璃基板进行配向动作,所使用的光罩的形状与所述四方形像素结构形状相同,包括透光区和遮光区,所述透光区与所述一个子区域的形状相同。
所述彩色滤光片基板配向照射方式为:将玻璃基板放置于承载平台,然后施加线偏紫外光以一定的照射角度(88~89.7°)通过透光区照射玻璃基板(此时认为基板水平方向摆放呈0°),保持光罩不变,旋转玻璃基板承载平台90°(顺时针或逆时针均可),重复线偏紫外光照射配向动作→保持光罩以及紫外光照方向不变,旋转玻璃基板承载平台90°(与上一步保持相同方向),以此类推,直至一个像素结构(pixel)被分为4个区域的曝光配向完成。
所述阵列基板配向照射方式为:将玻璃基板放置于承载平台,施加线偏紫外光以一定的照射角度(88~89.7°)通过透光口照射玻璃基板(相较彩色滤光片配向,使剥离基板初始水平方向摆放位置呈90°),保持光罩不变,旋转玻璃基板90°(顺时针或逆时针均可),重复线偏紫外光照射配向动作→保持光罩以及紫外光照方向不变,旋转玻璃基板承载平台90°(与上一步保持相同方向),以此类推,直至一个像素结构被分为4个区域的曝光配向完成。
将彩色滤光片和阵列基板进行对组,使得上下基板的配向方向呈现相互垂直方向的对组(相差90°),并搭配蓝光背光。
虽然在上文中已经参考了一些实施例对本发明进行了描述,然而在不脱离本发范围的情况下,可以对其进行各种改进。本发明所披露的各个实施例中的各项特征均可通过任意方式相互结合起来使用,在本说明书中未对这些组合的情况进行穷举性的描述仅仅是出于省略篇幅和节约资源的考虑。因此,本发明并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例,而是落入权利要求的范围的所有技术方案。
Claims (10)
1.一种液晶显示器,该液晶显示器包括:
多个四方形像素结构,每个四方形像素结构由红色子像素、绿色子像素和蓝色子像素构成,每个四方形像素结构分为4个大小相等的正方形子区域,蓝色子像素的面积是红色子像素或绿色子像素面积的两倍。
2.根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示器,其特征在于,所述蓝色子像素占据相邻的两个子区域。
3.根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示器,其特征在于,所述四方形像素结构成阵列方式排布。
4.根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示器,其特征在于,所述液晶显示器背光为蓝光,蓝色子像素依靠背光颜色发光,红色子像素和绿色子像素分别掺杂有可蓝光激发红色和绿色量子点材料;
或所述液晶显示器背光为白光,蓝色子像素、红色子像素和绿色子像素分别掺杂有蓝色、红色和绿色量子点材料。
5.根据权利要求4所述的液晶显示器,其特征在于,所述蓝色、红色和绿色量子点材料的质量分数分别为4%-20%。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的液晶显示器的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、分别对彩色滤光片和阵列基板进行制备和表面处理;
S2、光配向,在彩色滤光片基板和阵列基板上分别涂布配向剂,光照形成配向膜;
S3、将彩色滤光片和阵列基板进行对组。
7.根据权利要求6所述方法,其特征在于,所述彩色滤光片或阵列基板配向方式为:
将玻璃基板放置于承载平台上,利用光罩对所述玻璃基板上的配向剂按照一定的照射角度进行线偏紫外光照射,线偏紫外光穿过光罩的透光区而对应照射在四方形像素结构的某一子区域上,从而使该子区域上的配向剂形成第一配向方向,保持光罩和线偏紫外光照射方向不变,按照一定方向依次旋转承载平台3次,每次旋转角度为90°,分别对另外三个子区域进行光配向,依次形成第二、第三、第四配向方向,从而得到具有四种配向方向的配向膜,使每一个四方形像素结构具有四种配向方向的子区域。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,在配向过程中,所述阵列侧玻璃基板相对于彩色滤光片侧玻璃基板的初始位置旋转90°。
9.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S2中,在配向过程中使用的光罩的形状与所述四方形像素结构形状相同,包括透光区和遮光区,透光区与所述一个子区域的形状相同。
10.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S2中,所述光配向过程中,线偏紫外光的照射角度为88°-89.7°。
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