CN106773202B - 制造弯曲的可切换滤光器的方法 - Google Patents

制造弯曲的可切换滤光器的方法 Download PDF

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CN106773202B
CN106773202B CN201611173678.5A CN201611173678A CN106773202B CN 106773202 B CN106773202 B CN 106773202B CN 201611173678 A CN201611173678 A CN 201611173678A CN 106773202 B CN106773202 B CN 106773202B
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flexible glass
glass layer
optically
liquid crystal
optically clear
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CN106773202A (zh
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克里斯蒂娜·M·芒努松
布里顿·G·比林斯利
肯尼思·亚雷福斯
拉里莎·茹拉夫斯卡娅
乔伊·L·曼斯科
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3M Innovative Properties Co
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3M Innovative Properties Co
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    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
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    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
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Abstract

本发明公开一种制造弯曲的可切换滤光器的方法，所述方法包括形成液晶盒，其中形成液晶盒包括以下步骤：在第一光学透明的柔性玻璃层上形成第一透明的导电电极层；弯曲所述第一光学透明的柔性玻璃层以使其弯曲；将液晶混合物施加在所述第一光学透明的柔性玻璃层的第一透明的导电电极层上；在第二光学透明的柔性玻璃层上形成第二透明的导电电极层；将所述第二光学透明的柔性玻璃层附装到弯曲的所述第一光学透明的柔性玻璃层上，使得所述第二光学透明的柔性玻璃层弯曲，其中所述第一透明的导电电极层、所述第二透明的导电电极层和所述液晶混合物被位于所述第一光学透明的柔性玻璃层和所述第二光学透明的柔性玻璃层之间。

Description

制造弯曲的可切换滤光器的方法
本申请是申请日为2013年11月25日、申请号为201380063213.2、发明名称为“弯曲的自动变暗滤光器”的专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及响应于入射光从明透射状态变为暗透射状态的弯曲滤光器的制造方法。弯曲的可切换滤光器具有设置在薄型、柔性、玻璃基片之间的至少一个液晶层。
背景技术
自动变暗滤光器通常具有响应于入射光从明透射状态自动地变成暗透射状态的可切换滤光器。通常通过利用位于个体防护设备上或者作为个体防护设备的部分的光电探测器来实现该切换。光电探测器识别待过滤的入射光的存在，并且电子模块生成控制电压，所述控制电压在被施加到可切换滤光器时导致滤光器从明透射状态变成暗透射状态。
自动滤光器已被设计成包含位于偏振膜之间的液晶盒。授予
Figure BDA0001182798870000011
的美国专利4,240,709描述了可切换滤光器，所述可切换滤光器具有被夹在一对相互交叉的偏振器之间的单个扭转向列型液晶盒。液晶盒通常为包括透明电极和对齐层的平坦的、光学透明的玻璃基片。当在电子模块的控制下将电压施加在液晶盒上时，液晶分子沿特定方向对其自身进行取向。许多可商购获得的产品利用这种类型的可切换滤光器。
自动变暗滤光器在防护罩中的应用提供重要的人体工程学有益效果。以前，焊工例如在打接焊弧时不得不向下“摆动”他们的焊接防护罩，以确保他们的眼睛不受焊炬光危害。自动焊接滤光器消除了这种动作，因为焊接防护罩能够被连续地放置在向下的位置。因此，焊接模式质量已得到大体改善，因为可实现更精确的电极布置。生产力改善也已被注意到，因为碾磨和返工已得到相应地降低。
然而，现有的平坦玻璃自动变暗滤光器可将相当大的重量添加到最终产品(诸如焊接防护罩)，这继而可对使用者颈部和肩部产生应力和张力。典型玻璃夹心构造的矩形构造还往往会限制佩戴者的视野。已知的焊接滤光器通常因刻划和断裂刚性玻璃基片方面的困难已被局限于矩形构造。
术语表
下文说明的术语具有以下含义：
“自动变暗滤光器”是指响应于来自光本身的输入并且在没有来自人的输入的情况下使光衰减的装置；
“带通滤光器”是指允许一定频率范围内的光穿过其中但是拒绝其他频率的光通过的装置；
“弯曲的”是指当沿横截面观察时不遵循直线；
关于玻璃层的“变形”是指能够在距固定点50mm的悬臂距离上弯曲5毫米(mm)而不断裂；
“电场”是指电荷周围的区域，该区域可生成可施加到带电粒子和分子上的力；
“柔性的”是指能够经受变成弯曲形状的变形而不破裂；
“玻璃”是指能够透射可见光的无机的无定形的非结晶固体材料；
“玻璃层”或者“玻璃片”是指具有宽度和长度显著大于厚度的维度的玻璃；
“并置的”是指并列型放置但不一定相互接触；
“液晶层”是指具有处于液相的分子的层，该分子相对于彼此具有一些取向次序并且具有响应于电场而对齐的能力；
“低扭转性”是指具有小于90度的扭转角度；
“向列型分子”是指响应于电场表现出平行轴的分子；
“光学透明的”是指可见光可充分地穿过其中以在结构的相对侧上看到期望的图像；
“正交的”是指相互成直角；
“偏振”是指致使光按照明确的模式振动；
“偏振器”是指具有使可见光偏振的能力；
“偏振方向”是指由光的偏振导致的取向；
“旋转”是指改变取向；
“传感器”是指可检测限定光源的存在并且可将信号传送到另一个装置的装置；
“信号”是指电量，诸如电压；并且
“扭转角度”是指两个表面之间的取向角度差。
发明内容
本发明提供了可切换滤光器，所述可切换滤光器包括第一偏振器、第二偏振器和第一液晶盒。第一偏振器具有第一偏振方向，并且第二偏振器具有第二偏振方向。第二偏振方向与第一偏振方向相同或不同。第一液晶盒设置在第一偏振器和第二偏振器之间。第一液晶盒包含第一光学透明的柔性玻璃层和第二光学透明的柔性玻璃层，并且具有位于第一光学透明的柔性玻璃层和第二光学透明的柔性玻璃层之间的液晶层。
本发明的可切换滤光器的有益效果在于，相对于已知的可商购获得的产品而言可减少总体产品重量。通过低重量的柔性玻璃层实现重量的减少。这些柔性层趋于比已用于先前常规产品中的玻璃基片更薄。另外，本发明的可切换滤光器可被制作为具有非矩形形状，这可改善使用者的视野。可为使用者提供沿水平维度和垂直维度两者的扩展的周边视力范围。还可将可切换滤光器构造成不同形状，例如，以符合佩戴者面部的轮廓并且适应护目镜或眼镜。
附图说明
图1为根据本发明的弯曲的可切换滤光器10的分解图；
图2示出了根据本发明的弯曲的可切换滤光器10'的分解图。
图3为根据本发明可用于可切换滤光器的弯曲液晶盒34的示意性横截面；
图4为根据本发明的设置在自动滤光器变暗设备60中的可切换滤光器10(或10')的框图；
图5为根据本发明的焊接头盔68的透视图；
图6为根据本发明的防护罩72的透视图；并且
图7示出了根据本发明的护目镜76的透视图。
具体实施方式
在本发明的实践中，柔性的玻璃层限定封闭区，在该封闭区液晶分子在电场的影响下自由旋转以产生滤光效应。在制造可切换滤光器的过程中使用柔性的玻璃层能够使得可切换滤光器的部件以弯曲形式层合在一起。就相同(或甚至更小)重量而言，这种组件能够实现更大的观察面积。
图1示出了弯曲的可切换滤光器10，其中该滤光器10的最外侧部件为带通滤光器12，该带通滤光器用于衰减来自高密度入射光的红外线(IR)波长分量和紫外线(UV)波长分量。带通滤光器12可为反射红外线辐射并且吸收入射光的紫外线-A、紫外线-B和紫外线-C分量的干涉滤光器。带通滤光器12还可为独立的红外线和紫外线反射和/或吸收滤光器的组合。弯曲的可切换滤光器10还包括第一偏振滤光器14、第一光学旋转的液晶盒16和第二偏振滤光器18。偏振滤光器14和18具有基本上正交的偏振方向，其中第一偏振滤光器14的偏振方向与第二偏振滤光器18的偏振方向成大约90°，但处于平行位置。第一光学旋转的液晶盒16可为位于第一和第二正交相关的偏振滤光器14和18之间的扭转向列型液晶盒。与这些部件平行对齐的是第二液晶盒20，其被设置在一对偏振滤光器18和22之间。偏振滤光器18和22各自具有基本上平行的偏振方向。平行偏振方向能够在没有施加电压时使得盒为暗的，在施加了电压时为明的。默认的黑暗状态提供通知使用者产品处于“关闭”状态的安全功能。液晶盒16和20中的每一个分别具有连接器24和26，通过该连接器可将控制电压施加到这些盒。将电压施加到连接器24在液晶盒16的柔性玻璃层之间产生电场。向列型液晶分子与垂直于限定表面的电场对齐，该限定表面包封盒的主要面。这种垂直对齐，而不是平行的那个，在激活的盒中实现变暗状态。因此，当将控制电压施加到液晶盒16时，实现了滤光器效应。液晶盒控制光的偏振，并且光由偏振器吸收。可通过改变控制电压来控制向列型分子的旋转角度，并且因此也可控制对应的滤光器效果。结果是液晶盒16在不存在施加电压的情况下处于明透射状态，并且在存在施加电压的情况下处于暗透射状态。根据所使用的液晶材料、盒间隙几何形状等等，电压水平针对不同的盒设计可不同。在使用中，明透射状态对应于焊接明暗度2至4中的任一个，并且可为用户能够选择的暗透射状态对应于焊接明暗度7至14中的任一个。焊接明暗度已经在眼睛防护标准ANSI 287.1:2010和169:2001中有所限定—还可参见EN 379:2003。
图2示出了弯曲的自动变暗滤光器10'的分解图，该滤光器包括液晶盒16、20和28。第一液晶盒16被设置在第一和第二偏振滤光器14和18之间，第二液晶盒20被设置在第一和第三偏振滤光器18和22之间，并且第三液晶盒28被设置在偏振滤光器30和14之间。两个液晶盒16和28可为基本上相同的，但是它们通常相对于彼此旋转约180°，以针对不同的观察角度赋予较小的光学变化。将电压施加到连接器24和32在透明导电电极之间产生电场。向列型液晶分子与垂直于包封分子的表面的电场对齐，以使得盒限制明透射。液晶盒16和28的对齐方向被布置成彼此基本上平行并且相对于彼此不对称地取向。将两个基本上相同的液晶盒定位在一起使得面对面分子对齐方向为基本上垂直的优势补偿滤光效应的角度依赖性。可利用偏置偏振器实现暗状态中明暗度的变化(改善的均质性)，即偏振器偏置约1至20度–参见授予Magnusson等人的美国专利7,884,888。偏置偏振器可消除观察区的不均匀的明暗度，该不均匀的明暗度由盒间隙几何结构中的变化、构造的粘合剂层中多余的双折射和不同的观察角度所致。
图3示出了液晶盒34，诸如第一、第二和第三盒16、20和28。层状构造包含两个光学透明的柔性玻璃层40和42。本发明可利用多种此类玻璃层进行实施。层中的每一个的厚度可为约10微米(μm)至200μm，更典型地约30至150μm，并且仍更典型地约75至125μm。柔性的玻璃层40和42可以片材或辊的形式供应。弯曲的层40、42通常具有小于无限曲率的半径，通常约5至30厘米(cm)，更典型地为约7至20cm。曲率还可表现出非恒定半径，例如，它可为抛物线的、悬链线的、外摆线的和自由形式。在光学透明的玻璃层40和42的面向内的表面上的分别是透明导电电极层44和46(例如氧化铟锡层)。通过将电压施加到电极44和46，电场在液晶层48上产生以使液晶分子的取向偏移。与电极44和46并置的分别是对齐层50和52，例如已经沿特定对齐方向进行机械处理(诸如通过刷涂或擦涂)的聚酰亚胺层。在盒内部利用等尺寸间隔件54将对齐层50和52间隔开。可利用边缘粘合剂56密封盒边缘，例如可购自新泽西州克兰伯里的诺兰德公司(Norland Products(Cranbury,NJ))的Norland 68。在盒被完全密封之前，将向列型分子58被泵入层50和52之间的间隙48中。对齐层50和52迫使液晶向列型分子58在表面处呈特定角位置，使得分子在这些表面之间在它们相应的扭转角度内进行扭转。向列型液晶58的旋转状况允许或阻止通过盒的明投射。所使用的液晶可为夹在两个光学透明的柔性玻璃层40和42之间的向列型，具有约08至14的Δn(普通和特殊光线折射率之间的差值)。层50和52之间的间隙通常为约3-5μm。本发明中使用的光学透明的柔性玻璃层40和42通常具有基本上均匀的光学透射，通常在380纳米(nm)至750纳米的波长范围内大于80％。可通过溢流引下法形成玻璃层以具有如上文所指出的厚度。玻璃层的组合物可为硅酸盐玻璃等的各种玻璃组合物，诸如二氧化硅玻璃和硼硅酸盐玻璃。非碱性玻璃可包括基本上不包含碱性成分的玻璃，具体地讲，包含百万分(ppm)之1000或更少(优选地500ppm或更少，还更优选地300ppm或更少)的碱金属氧化物的玻璃。玻璃层可具有与其并置的防护片材。当卷绕玻璃层时，防护片材防止由玻璃层的一部分与另一部的接触导致的裂缝发生。防护片材吸收施加到玻璃辊的外部压力。防护片材的厚度可为10μm至2000μm。防护片材可为离聚物膜、聚乙烯膜、聚丙烯膜、聚氯乙烯膜、聚偏二氯乙烯膜、聚乙烯醇膜、聚丙烯膜、聚酯膜、聚碳酸酯膜、聚苯乙烯膜、聚丙烯腈膜、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物膜、乙烯乙烯醇共聚物膜、乙烯甲基丙烯酸膜、尼龙膜(聚酰胺膜)、聚酰亚胺膜、玻璃纸或者由树脂制成的其他缓冲材料。通过将赋予导电性的成分(诸如聚乙二醇)添加到防护片材中，可将导电性赋予防护片材。在防护片材由插入纸材制造的情况下，可能的是通过添加导电纤维来赋予导电性。另外，可能的是，还可通过将导电层，诸如氧化铟锡(ITO)膜层合到防护片材的表面上来赋予导电性。参见授予Tomamoto等人的美国专利8,241,751；还参见授予Mueller等人的美国专利7,735,338和美国专利申请公布2011/0059296。可商购获得的柔性玻璃的实例为肖特(Schott)D263T玻璃。
液晶盒16、20和28可为扭转向列型液晶盒类型的盒，该盒在电子模块失效的情况下提供“故障保险”中间传输状态。具有低扭转液晶盒的自动变暗滤光器在授予Palmer等人的美国专利6,097,451中有所描述；还可参见授予
Figure BDA0001182798870000061
等人的美国专利5,825,441。扭转向列型液晶盒可具有小于100度的扭转角度，通常为0或1至99度。液晶盒还具有1至85度的低扭转角度。更具体地，低扭转液晶盒的扭转角度可为约30至70度。“故障保险”液晶盒在许多方面与低扭转液晶盒的设计相似，但是其操作不同，因为它被夹在平行的偏振器之间，与交叉或正交的偏振器截然相反。当没有电压施加到连接器26时，液晶盒20处于暗透射状态(几乎光学不透明的状态，其中阻止入射光中的大部分)。当施加了一定电压时，液晶盒20可变为光学透明的。
图4为自动变暗滤光器(ADF)60的框图。自动变暗滤光器60包括弯曲的可切换滤光器10(或10')，该滤光器具有相对于图1和图2在上文所述的类型的偏置偏振器。在焊接程序期间或在需要可切换滤光器10所提供类型的防护的其他情况下，将可切换滤光器10安装在由使用者佩戴的防护安全帽62中。ADF60还包括用于检测入射到滤光器10的前表面上的光(诸如焊弧)的传感器64。传感器检测入射光并且致使信号被发送，这导致液晶层内的分子转动。传感器64可具有偏振构件，该偏振构件防止非正态光激活传感器。此类装置防止来自其他焊炬和传感器的光到达传感器–参见授予Migashita等人的美国专利6,934,967。控制电路66接收来自传感器64的有关入射光是否存在的信号，并且使得相应的控制电压被施加到滤光器10，从而控制由滤光器10提供的明暗度的程度。当由传感器64检测到焊弧或其他入射光源的存在时，例如，控制电路66可使得控制电压被施加到液晶盒16和20(图1和图2)，同时消除施加到客户-主机盒28的电压(图2)。这使得滤光器60变暗并且防止使用者遭受入射光的炫光。在不存在焊弧或其他入射光源的情况下，控制电路66可降低或消除已施加到液晶盒16和20的电压，从而使得滤光器对光更开放。这种透光率方面的提高使得焊工，例如，能够进行焊接操作，并且还能够在不移除防护面罩或头盔的前提下执行焊接区域之外的任务。此外，本文所述的滤光器构造导致暗状态下增强的均质性，如由使用者在大角度范围上可见。可切换滤光器10、传感器64和控制电路66作为单元通常被支撑在防护安全帽上，该单元通常为在使用者佩戴头盔时被直接安装在佩戴者眼睛前方的壳体中的可替换的单元。该单元可采用支撑滤光器、传感器和电路的矩形(或其他形状)的框架或外壳。例如，头盔壳体的实例可参阅美国专利6,185,739、5,533,206、5,191,468、5,140,707、4,875,235、和4,853,973。焊接头盔还可具有供应至其内部的清洁空气，因此可包括面密封件以隔离呼吸区与环境空气。此类面密封件的实例在授予Curran等人的美国专利7,197,774中示出；还可参见美国设计专利D517,744、D517,745、D518,923、D523,728和D532,163；以及美国专利申请公开2006-0101552和2006-0107431。
图5为焊接头盔68的透视图，该焊接头盔具有头盔主体70，该头盔主体包括安装在头盔主体70中的开口内的自动变暗滤光器设备60。头盔主体70可包括冠构件，该冠构件在装置68被佩戴上时接合佩戴者的头部。合适的冠构件的实例在授予Lilenthal等人的美国专利7,865,968中有所描述；还可参见授予Ahlgren等人的美国专利申请2010/229286A1。自动变暗滤光器设备60包括弯曲的自动变暗滤光器10，该自动变暗滤光器被放置在适当位置以阻止电磁辐射(例如，可见光、紫外光、红外线等)。自动变暗滤光器60可被定位在防护罩主体70中，使得在使用者佩戴防护罩时该防护罩直接位于佩戴者眼睛前方。自动变暗滤光器60可包括电子控制单元66(图5)，该电子控制单元用于分别通过连接器24、26和32(图2)接收各种信号并控制各种信号至弯曲的自动焊接滤光器10，并且，更具体地，液晶盒16、20和28，–参见例如，美国专利申请US2010265421(Sundell)。电子控制单元还可包括能够检测至少来自所存在的高密度光的输入的输入检测器。检测器可被物理地定位在靠近自动变暗滤光器设备60的一些或全部其他部件(硬件等等)的位置，或者可被物理地定位在远离这些部件中的一些或全部的位置。可利用各种光电探测器装置和技术来实施检测器。另选地，指示高强度焊接光的存在的输入可响应于由例如焊接工具或焊炬生成的激活信号而由电子控制单元生成—参见授予Garbergs等人的WO2007/047264。
图6为在本发明的弯曲的可切换滤光器10被安装在合适的覆盖面的设备72中的情况下的实施例。可切换滤光器10可被安装到覆盖面的设备，使得它可围绕枢转点73旋转。另选地，弯曲的自动焊接滤光器10可被安装在如图7所示的被设置在一组护目镜76中的自动变暗滤光器设备中。
本发明的可切换滤光器可围绕一个、两个或三个轴弯曲。通常，用于焊接头盔(图5)的可切换滤光器将围绕一个或两个轴弯曲。柔性玻璃层的物理特性允许弯曲的可切换滤光器被制造成具有约5cm至20cm的曲率半径和约10至600平方厘米(cm2)的观察面积，更典型地30cm2至250cm2。常规的焊接滤光器通常具有约50至100cm2的观察面积。本发明可能够使得可切换滤光器具有至少100cm2至125cm2的观察面积。
本发明的自动变暗滤光器设备可结合工业操作使用，例如焊接(如弧焊接、焊炬焊接、乙炔焊接)、切割(例如激光切割、乙炔切割)、硬钎焊、软钎焊等等。它们还可以结合涉及高强度光的医疗过程(例如激光手术、除毛、去除纹身、牙科用树脂的光固化等)以及其它用途进行使用。一个或多个自动变暗滤光器设备可被提供于其他任何合适的设备或制品中以及用于其他应用。例如，自动变暗滤光器设备可被提供作为护目镜的部分，而不是全面罩式覆盖头盔。另选地，自动变暗滤光器设备可被提供于手持装置中，或者被提供于允许检视其中可能存在高强度光的房间、机柜、机舱等的窗口或小孔中。
实例
液晶盒组件
用于自动焊接滤光器的弯曲液晶盒以下述方式进行制造。
起始的柔性玻璃层为得自位于德国Rheinallee 145,55120Mainz的Schott Glass(Schott Glas Export,GmbH)的0.1mm厚的D263T玻璃。利用氧化铟锡(ITO)溅镀沉积玻璃。涂覆的ITO的导电性大致为100欧姆/平方。ITO玻璃涂覆有聚酰胺聚合物薄层。利用旋涂技术将可商购获得的聚酰亚胺对齐材料涂覆到玻璃上。干燥的涂层厚度在80纳米(nm)和200nm之间。通过利用旋转毡布刷涂薄型聚酰胺层来对齐薄型聚酰胺层。这种刷涂的聚酰胺ITO/玻璃块被切成多条，以用于液晶盒的顶部部分和底部部分。玻璃的第一条(顶部)从玻璃的第二(底部)条的取向旋转90°，以提供适当的对齐。
可利用具有大约90毫米(mm)半径的金属圆筒(作为模板)形成弯曲的液晶盒。利用3M Magic TapeTM将盒的底部部分、具有揉擦的聚酰亚胺涂层的ITO玻璃贴到金属圆筒。利用注射器和针将边缘粘合剂(紫外线固化Norland 68光学粘合剂)施加到底部部分。扭转向列型液晶混合物与按重量计1％的4微米(μm)陶瓷隔珠混合。利用移液管将液晶/隔珠混合物放置在盒的底部部分。利用3M Removable TapeTM将盒的顶部部分附接到底部部分的前缘处。被附接到金属圆筒一端的聚酯膜用于将盒的顶部部分包绕和弯曲到底部部分上。橡胶辊用于将顶部部分压缩到底部部分上。在聚酯膜上保持张力以使盒的部件保持紧密接触。利用紫外线光源5分钟，然后使紫外线固化边缘粘合剂固化。然后通过移除聚酯膜和带条从圆筒移除整个盒。利用压敏粘合剂将偏振膜附接到底部和顶部部分。偏振膜为彼此正交的并且对应于被揉擦到聚酰亚胺层中的对齐状态。将具有导电粘合剂的铜带在顶部部分上附接到ITO，并且将具有导电粘合剂的另一条铜带在底部部分上附接到ITO。在盒上通过铜带布置10福特电势。当施加电压时盒从明状态切换到暗状态。已完成的盒的尺寸为大约75mm宽和75mm长(5625mm2；56.25cm2)，具有稍微小于初始圆筒的100mm半径的曲率。
在不脱离本发明的实质和范围的前提下，可对本发明进行各种修改和更改。因此，本发明并不限于上述内容，而是受以下权利要求书及其任何等同物提及的限制的控制。
本发明也可以在不存在本文未具体描述的任何元件的情况下适当地实施。
将上面引用的所有专利和专利申请(包括背景部分中的那些)全部以引用的方式并入本文中。当在此类并入的文件中的公开内容与上述说明书之间存在冲突或差异时，应以上述说明书为准。

Claims (13)

1.一种制造用于自动焊接滤光器的弯曲的液晶盒的方法，包括以下步骤：
在第一光学透明的柔性玻璃层上形成第一透明的导电电极层；
弯曲所述第一光学透明的柔性玻璃层，使得所述第一光学透明的柔性玻璃层弯曲，其中，弯曲所述第一光学透明的柔性玻璃层包括将所述第一光学透明的柔性玻璃层附装到金属圆筒上；
将扭转向列型的液晶混合物施加在所述第一光学透明的柔性玻璃层的第一透明的导电电极层上，其中，所述液晶混合物包括液晶分子和隔珠；
在第二光学透明的柔性玻璃层上形成第二透明的导电电极层；
将扭转向列型的所述液晶混合物施加在弯曲的所述第一光学透明的柔性玻璃层的所述第一透明的导电电极层上之后，使用被附装到所述金属圆筒的一端的聚酯膜来将所述第二光学透明的柔性玻璃层附装到弯曲的所述第一光学透明的柔性玻璃层的前缘上，使得所述第二光学透明的柔性玻璃层弯曲，其中所述第一透明的导电电极层、所述第二透明的导电电极层和所述液晶混合物被位于所述第一光学透明的柔性玻璃层和所述第二光学透明的柔性玻璃层之间；
使用橡胶辊将所述第二光学透明的柔性玻璃层压缩到弯曲的所述第一光学透明的柔性玻璃层，其中，在所述聚酯膜上保持张力以使所述液晶盒的部件保持紧密接触；并且
所述方法还包括在将所述第二光学透明的柔性玻璃层附装到弯曲的所述第一光学透明的柔性玻璃层上之前，将紫外线固化边缘粘合剂施加在弯曲的所述第一光学透明的柔性玻璃层上，并且在将所述第二光学透明的柔性玻璃层附装到弯曲的所述第一光学透明的柔性玻璃层上之后，通过使用紫外线光源使所述紫外线固化边缘粘合剂固化。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括：
在将晶混合物施加在所述第一光学透明的柔性玻璃层的第一透明的导电电极层上之前，将聚酰亚胺材料施加在所述第一透明的导电电极层上。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，还包括：
在将所述第二光学透明的柔性玻璃层附装到弯曲的所述第一光学透明的柔性玻璃层上之前，将聚酰亚胺材料施加在所述第二透明的导电电极层上。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括：
将第一偏振器附装在所述第一光学透明的柔性玻璃层上和将第二偏振器附装在所述第二光学透明的柔性玻璃层上。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，
所述第一光学透明的柔性玻璃层和所述第二光学透明的柔性玻璃层的厚度为10至200微米。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中，
所述第一光学透明的柔性玻璃层和所述第二光学透明的柔性玻璃层的厚度为30至150微米。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，
所述第一光学透明的柔性玻璃层和所述第二光学透明的柔性玻璃层的厚度为75至125微米。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，
所述第一光学透明的柔性玻璃层和所述第二光学透明的柔性玻璃层各自具有5至30厘米半径的曲率。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中，
所述第一光学透明的柔性玻璃层和所述第二光学透明的柔性玻璃层各自具有7至20厘米半径的曲率。
10.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，
所述第一光学透明的柔性玻璃层和所述第二光学透明的柔性玻璃层具有非恒定半径。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中，
所述第一光学透明的柔性玻璃层和所述第二光学透明的柔性玻璃层为抛物线的、悬链线的、外摆线的、或自由的形式。
12.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，
弯曲的可切换滤光器具有100cm2至125cm2的观察面积。
13.根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括形成自动变暗的滤光器，其中，形成自动变暗的滤光器包括：
将控制电路连接到弯曲的可切换滤光器；以及
将传感器连接到所述控制电路。
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