CN106736022A - A kind of low cadmium brazing silver alloy of low melting point containing rare earth element - Google Patents
A kind of low cadmium brazing silver alloy of low melting point containing rare earth element Download PDFInfo
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- CN106736022A CN106736022A CN201611158517.9A CN201611158517A CN106736022A CN 106736022 A CN106736022 A CN 106736022A CN 201611158517 A CN201611158517 A CN 201611158517A CN 106736022 A CN106736022 A CN 106736022A
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- low
- silver alloy
- melting point
- rare earth
- earth element
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/302—Cu as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
- B23K35/0227—Rods, wires
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
Abstract
The present invention is a kind of low cadmium brazing silver alloy of the low melting point containing rare earth element.Task of the invention is to provide that a kind of Cd contents are low, solder liquidus temperature close to BAg25CuZn solders, and with the silver solder of good wet, spreading property and soldered fitting mechanical property.The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:A kind of low cadmium brazing silver alloy of low melting point containing rare earth element, the mass percent of each component of the low cadmium brazing silver alloy is:The Ag of 13.5~16.0wt.%, the Cu of 45.0~49.0wt.%, the Cd of 0.05~0.13wt.%, the Sn of the Ga of the In of 0.001~0.005wt.%, 0.001~0.005wt.%, 0.001~0.005wt.%, the RE of 0.001~0.005wt.%, balance of Zn, wherein, described RE is the one kind in Pr and Nd or two kinds.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soldering materials of class of metal materials, and in particular to a kind of low melting point containing rare earth element
Low cadmium brazing silver alloy.
Background technology
In published document GB/T 10046-2008《Silver solder》The BAg25CuZn solders of middle recommendation, its fusion temperature
Scope is 700 DEG C of solidus, 790 DEG C of liquidus curve, although its fusion temperature scope is not so good as BAg45CuZn solders (solidus 665
DEG C, 745 DEG C of liquidus curve) it is low, but be still one of solder doted on by solder user very much.But, due to RoHS instructions
The implementation of 2.0 versions, approved by Chinese industrial and the ministerial affairs meeting of informationization portion, joint development reform committee, the Department of Science and Technology, finance
The agreement of the department of portion, Environmental Protection Department, Department of Commerce, General Administration of Customs, State Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine etc. eight, is referred to as Chinese RoHS2.0's《Electrical equipment electricity
Sub- product harmful substance limitation uses management method》, also to be issued on January 6th, 2016, on July 1st, 2016 formally implements.
Above-mentioned regulation has continued the limitation used Cd elements, as the substitute of BAg25CuZnCd solders, BAg25CuZn solders, by
Essential element in its chemical composition is Ag, Cu, Zn, and Ag contents are 24.0%~26.0%, therefore its fusion temperature model
Enclose is 700 DEG C of solidus, 790 DEG C of liquidus curve;Although with the addition of the BAg25CuZnSn solders of 1.5%~2.5% Sn elements,
Its fusion temperature scope is reduced to 680 DEG C of solidus, and 760 DEG C of liquidus curve is still much higher than the solid phase of BAg25CuZnCd solders
The fusion temperature scope of 607 DEG C of line, 682 DEG C of liquidus curve.But Ag contents be 24.0%~26.0% BAg25CuZn,
BAg25CuZnSn solders, its cost is still higher, how to reduce Ag contents and approaches brazing filler metal melts temperature range
Close to 700 DEG C, liquidus temperature is close to 790 DEG C and wetting and spreading performance and brazed seam for BAg25CuZn solders, i.e. solidus temperature
Mechanical property close to BAg25CuZn solders, with meet industrial 4.0 epoch soldered fitting to low cost, high-performance, it is efficient will
Ask, be a problem urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Although being seen in the technical information of new low-silver solder in published Chinese patent literature, such as
" a kind of silver solder for connecting brass and stainless steel " that CN201310308083.6 recommends, its Ag content is in 18~22wt.% models
Enclose, at 640~690 DEG C, liquidus temperature is at 770~800 DEG C for solidus temperature;What CN200910097817.4 was provided " contains lithium
With the cadmium-free silver brazing alloy and its production method of niobium ", its solidus temperature at 725 DEG C~735 DEG C, liquidus temperature 760 DEG C~
770℃;" a kind of containing manganese, the cadmium-free low-silver solder of tin and preparation method thereof " that CN201610500401.2 recommends, its Ag content
In 13~19wt.% scopes, at 685 DEG C, liquidus temperature is at 765 DEG C etc. for solidus temperature.In addition, there will be cadmium-free silver brazing alloy
The common feature that fusion temperature (or solidus temperature, liquidus temperature) can be reduced is added to few one or more eutectic
Put element such as Sn (231.9 DEG C of fusing point), In (156.6 DEG C of fusing point), Li (180.5 DEG C of fusing point) and the Ni of solder fusing point can be reduced
Element etc..Because In, Li belong to " rare element ", global annual production is also very limited, and the price of In is suitable with silver or high
In silver, the price of Li is about in 800-1000 units/kg, significantly larger than Cu (about 35-40 units/kg).Therefore, do not possess high-volume
The value of application;Sn elements are inexpensive and rich reserves, but, a large amount of additions, due to easily forming hard and crisp metal between change
Compound Cu6Sn5, silver solder " processing difficulties " is caused, 9.5% can be reached except the addition of the Sn in BAg60CuSn solders~
Outside 10.5%, general addition is indivedual such as BAg56CuZnSn 1.5%~2.5% in Ag-Cu-Zn-Sn series solders
The addition of middle Sn is 4.5%~5.5% (referring to GB/T 10046-2008《Silver solder》Table 2).
So far, it is Ag, Cu, Zn element (not phosphorus element-containing) in main composition, classifies as the silver solder of GB/T 10046-2008
In, all silver solders of Li, In, Sn constituent content less than 0.15% are showed no wetting and spreading performance, brazed seam mechanical property, consolidate
The combination property such as phase and liquidus temperature can be close to the report of the low-silver solder of BAg25CuZn solders.
The content of the invention
Task of the invention is to provide a kind of Ag contents for 15% or so, Cd contents are less than 0.15%, solder liquidus curve
Temperature is close to GB/T 10046-2008《Silver solder》BAg25CuZn solders, and with good wet, spreading property and soldering
The new silver solder of joint mechanical property, to meet non-electric appliance and electronic, non-household electric appliances (industry of i.e. non-RoHS instructions limitation)
The low-silver solder of some specialities brazing requirements.
Task of the invention is achieved by the following technical solution:A kind of low cadmium silver pricker of low melting point containing rare earth element
Expect, the mass percent of each component of the low cadmium brazing silver alloy is:The Ag of 13.5~16.0wt.%, 45.0~49.0wt.%'s
The Ga of the In of the Cd of Cu, 0.05~0.13wt.%, 0.001~0.005wt.%, 0.001~0.005wt.%, 0.001~
The RE of the Sn of 0.005wt.%, 0.001~0.005wt.%, balance of Zn, wherein, described RE for the one kind in Pr and Nd or
Two kinds.
In a kind of described low cadmium brazing silver alloy of low melting point containing rare earth element, the component Ag of described solder is for purity
99.99% silver plate (IC-Ag99.99).
In a kind of described low cadmium brazing silver alloy of low melting point containing rare earth element, the component Cu of described solder is cathode copper
(in Cu-cath-1, Cu-cath-2 and Cu-cath-3 one or more).
In a kind of described low cadmium brazing silver alloy of low melting point containing rare earth element, the component Cd of described solder is cadmium ingot.
In a kind of described low cadmium brazing silver alloy of low melting point containing rare earth element, the component In of described solder is metal
Indium.
In a kind of described low cadmium brazing silver alloy of low melting point containing rare earth element, the component Ga of described solder is metal
Gallium.
In a kind of described low cadmium brazing silver alloy of low melting point containing rare earth element, the component Sn of described solder is tin slab.
In a kind of described low cadmium brazing silver alloy of low melting point containing rare earth element, the component Zn of described solder is zinc ingot metal.
In a kind of described low cadmium brazing silver alloy of low melting point containing rare earth element, the component Pr of described solder is metal
Praseodymium.
In a kind of described low cadmium brazing silver alloy of low melting point containing rare earth element, the component Nd of described solder is metal
Neodymium.
In a kind of described low cadmium brazing silver alloy of low melting point containing rare earth element, preparing the method for the low cadmium brazing silver alloy is:
Added in intermediate frequency smelting furnace crucible by the mass percent of each component of the low cadmium brazing silver alloy, using intermediate frequency smelting process, passed through
Smelting, casting, extruding, drawing, that is, obtain required low cadmium brazing silver alloy silk material.
Solder solidus temperature of the invention is in 720 DEG C~730 DEG C scopes, liquidus temperature in 775 DEG C~785 DEG C models
Enclose, closely the solid, liquid liquidus temperature (solidus temperature is 700 DEG C, and liquidus temperature is 790 DEG C) of BAg25CuZn, can expire
The many RoHS instructions of foot do not have the soldering needs of products such as conditional " non-electrical equipment electronic equipments ".
Present invention mainly solves following two key technical problems:
1st, the Cd elements used containing RoHS instruction limitations in low cadmium brazing silver alloy composition of the invention.But, Cd elements contain
Amount≤0.13%, and meet Unite States Standard AWS A5.8/A5.8M:2004 pairs of regulations of silver-containing solder, the low cadmium developed
The characteristics of silver solder has compared with low melting point, wetting and spreading function admirable, brazed seam excellent in mechanical performance.
2nd, by adding Ga, In, Sn and RE (Pr and/or Nd) of appropriate ratio first in low cadmium brazing silver alloy of the invention
Element so that low cadmium brazing silver alloy of the invention is respectively provided with excellent on red copper, brass (such as H62 brass), Q235 steel, 304 stainless steels
Wetting and spreading performance, spreading area, brazed seam joint bending stiffness are reduced about close to BAg25CuZn solders, and Ag contents
10%, solder manufacturing cost is greatly reduced, with significant economic benefit.
Compared with prior art, the creativeness of the technical scheme that the present invention is provided is:
1st, research is found that micro Cd elements to the amount containing Ag that addition mass fraction is 0.05% is 13.5%~16.0%
Low-silver solder in, the wetting and spreading performance of solder is to be significantly increased, and fusion temperature is also decreased significantly.With Cd contents
Increase, the wetting and spreading area of solder increases, and brazing filler metal melts temperature drop amplitude increases.By theory analysis Cu-Cd,
Zn-Cd binary alloy phase diagrams understand that this is because Cu and Cd can form fusing point for 549 DEG C, Zn and Cd can form fusing point and be
Caused by 266 DEG C of " low melting point eutectic ".
Based on Unite States Standard AWS A5.8/A5.8M:The consideration of 2004 " other element total amount≤0.15% ", Cd elements
Addition control is advisable 0.013%.
2nd, research is found that and adds Ga, In and Sn element of denier and " synergy " of Cd elements to low cadmium brazing silver alloy
Wetting and spreading performance, the affecting laws of brazed seam mechanical property.By optimizing the addition scope of Ga, In, Sn element, by Ga, In,
The addition of Sn is controlled in 0.001%~0.005% scope, may be such that spreading area, the pricker of neoteric low cadmium brazing silver alloy
Seam joint bending stiffness, liquidus temperature are close to BAg25CuZn solders.By theory analysis Cd-In, Cd-Ga bianry alloy
Phasor understands, it because Cd and In can form fusing point is 127.7 DEG C that this is, can to form fusing point be 282 DEG C of " eutectics to Cd and Ga
Caused by point eutectic ".And Sn elements can be formed outside 177 DEG C " low melting point eutectic " compound with Cd, can also be formed with Ag
221 DEG C of " low melting point eutectic " compound and Cu can form 227 DEG C " low melting point eutectic " compound.It is above-mentioned various, a small amount of
" cumulative effect " of the formation of low melting point eutectic compound so that neoteric solder has closely BAg25CuZn solders
Fusion temperature scope, to soldering production bring great convenience.
In the present invention, the addition of micro RE (Pr and/or Nd) element, can play a part of to make something perfect even more perfect.RE(Pr
And/or Nd) element and denier Ga, In, Sn element jointly with " synergy " and " cumulative effect " of Cd elements, to this hair
The fusing point of bright solder can also produce significant impact (in the present invention, influences of the Cd to the fusing point of new solder be it is main because
Element).Additionally, " alloy strengthening " effect of Ga, In, Sn and RE (Pr and/or Nd) element can also significantly increase low cadmium brazing silver alloy
Spreading area and improve brazed seam joint bending stiffness.
To sum up, compared with existing BAg25CuZn solders, low cadmium brazing silver alloy of the invention not only has solder of the invention
The features such as good wetting and spreading, excellent brazed seam mechanical property, and with the solid, liquid phase line temperature close to BAg25CuZn
Degree so that solder is more easily operated in soldering, reduces the technical difficulty of brazing operator, is particularly well-suited to refer to except RoHS
Make the soldering of other industrial products outside the industry such as electric appliance and electronic equipment of limitation, it is to avoid cause because brazing temperature is too high
Workpiece oxidation even soften, soldering joint strength is the problems such as decline.
Specific embodiment
Further tool is made to the low cadmium brazing silver alloy of a kind of low melting point containing rare earth element of the invention below by embodiment
Body explanation.
Embodiment 1
A kind of low cadmium brazing silver alloy of low melting point containing rare earth element, the mass percent of each component of the low cadmium brazing silver alloy is:
The Ga of the In of the Cd of the Cu of the Ag of 13.5wt.%, 49.0wt.%, 0.13wt.%, 0.001wt.%, 0.005wt.%,
The RE (Pr and/or Nd) of the Sn of 0.001wt.%, 0.005wt.%, balance of Zn.
Mentioned component its solidus temperature of the low cadmium brazing silver alloy of the low melting point containing rare earth element for obtaining of proportioning 720 DEG C~
730 DEG C of scopes, liquidus temperatures are in 775 DEG C~785 DEG C scopes.Using gas brazing mode, coordinate FB102 brazing fluxes, soldering is female
Joint intensity when material is following combination is shown in data in bracket:Red copper-H62 brass (σ b=225 ± 25MPa, τ=215 ±
30MPa), brass-Q235 steel (σ b=280 ± 25MPa, τ=300 ± 30MPa), the stainless steel of brass -304 (σ b=260 ±
25MPa, τ=280 ± 30MPa).
Embodiment 2:
A kind of low cadmium brazing silver alloy of low melting point containing rare earth element, the mass percent of each component of the low cadmium brazing silver alloy is:
The Ga of the In of the Cd of the Cu of the Ag of 16.0wt.%, 45.0wt.%, 0.05wt.%, 0.005wt.%, 0.001wt.%,
The RE (Pr and/or Nd) of the Sn of 0.005wt.%, 0.001wt.%, balance of Zn.
Mentioned component its solidus temperature of the low cadmium brazing silver alloy of the low melting point containing rare earth element for obtaining of proportioning 720 DEG C~
730 DEG C of scopes, liquidus temperatures are in 775 DEG C~785 DEG C scopes.Using gas brazing mode, coordinate FB102 brazing fluxes, soldering is female
Joint intensity when material is following combination is shown in data in bracket:Red copper-H62 brass (σb=225 ± 25MPa, τ=215 ±
30MPa), brass-Q235 steel (σb=280 ± 25MPa, τ=300 ± 30MPa), the stainless steel of brass -304 (σb=260 ±
25MPa, τ=280 ± 30MPa).
Embodiment 3:
A kind of low cadmium brazing silver alloy of low melting point containing rare earth element, the mass percent of each component of the low cadmium brazing silver alloy is:
The Ga of the In of the Cd of the Cu of the Ag of 14.5wt.%, 47.0wt.%, 0.1wt.%, 0.002wt.%, 0.003wt.%,
The RE (Pr and/or Nd) of the Sn of 0.002wt.%, 0.003wt.%, balance of Zn.
Mentioned component its solidus temperature of the low cadmium brazing silver alloy of the low melting point containing rare earth element for obtaining of proportioning 720 DEG C~
730 DEG C of scopes, liquidus temperatures are in 775 DEG C~785 DEG C scopes.Using gas brazing mode, coordinate FB102 brazing fluxes, soldering is female
Joint intensity when material is following combination is shown in data in bracket:Red copper-H62 brass (σb=225 ± 25MPa, τ=215 ±
30MPa), brass-Q235 steel (σb=280 ± 25MPa, τ=300 ± 30MPa), the stainless steel of brass -304 (σb=260 ±
25MPa, τ=280 ± 30MPa).
Embodiment 4:
A kind of low cadmium brazing silver alloy of low melting point containing rare earth element, the mass percent of each component of the low cadmium brazing silver alloy is:
The Ga of the In of the Cd of the Cu of the Ag of 15.0wt.%, 46.0wt.%, 0.08wt.%, 0.003wt.%, 0.002wt.%,
The RE (Pr and/or Nd) of the Sn of 0.003wt.%, 0.002wt.%, balance of Zn.
Mentioned component its solidus temperature of the low cadmium brazing silver alloy of the low melting point containing rare earth element for obtaining of proportioning 720 DEG C~
730 DEG C of scopes, liquidus temperatures are in 775 DEG C~785 DEG C scopes.Using gas brazing mode, coordinate FB102 brazing fluxes, soldering is female
Joint intensity when material is following combination is shown in data in bracket:Red copper-H62 brass (σb=225 ± 25MPa, τ=215 ±
30MPa), brass-Q235 steel (σb=280 ± 25MPa, τ=300 ± 30MPa), the stainless steel of brass -304 (σb=260 ±
25MPa, τ=280 ± 30MPa).
Embodiment 5:
A kind of low cadmium brazing silver alloy of low melting point containing rare earth element, the mass percent of each component of the low cadmium brazing silver alloy is:
The Ga of the In of the Cd of the Cu of the Ag of 15.5wt.%, 48.0wt.%, 0.11wt.%, 0.002wt.%, 0.004wt.%,
The RE (Pr and/or Nd) of the Sn of 0.003wt.%, 0.004wt.%, balance of Zn.
Mentioned component its solidus temperature of the low cadmium brazing silver alloy of the low melting point containing rare earth element for obtaining of proportioning 720 DEG C~
730 DEG C of scopes, liquidus temperatures are in 775 DEG C~785 DEG C scopes.Using gas brazing mode, coordinate FB102 brazing fluxes, soldering is female
Joint intensity when material is following combination is shown in data in bracket:Red copper-H62 brass (σb=225 ± 25MPa, τ=215 ±
30MPa), brass-Q235 steel (σb=280 ± 25MPa, τ=300 ± 30MPa), the stainless steel of brass -304 (σb=260 ±
25MPa, τ=280 ± 30MPa).
The embodiment of solder of the present invention and it is shown in Table 1 with the Performance comparision of BAg25CuZn solders.
Table 1:The embodiment of solder of the present invention and the Performance comparision with BAg25CuZn solders
Claims (10)
1. a kind of low cadmium brazing silver alloy of low melting point containing rare earth element, it is characterised in that the quality hundred of each component of the low cadmium brazing silver alloy
Point ratio is:The Cd of the Cu of the Ag of 13.5~16.0wt.%, 45.0~49.0wt.%, 0.05~0.13wt.%, 0.001~
The Sn of the Ga of the In of 0.005wt.%, 0.001~0.005wt.%, 0.001~0.005wt.%, 0.001~0.005wt.%
RE, balance of Zn, wherein, described RE is the one kind in Pr and Nd or two kinds.
2. a kind of low cadmium brazing silver alloy of low melting point containing rare earth element according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described pricker
The component Ag of material is silver plate (IC-Ag99.99) that purity is 99.99%.
3. the low cadmium brazing silver alloy of a kind of low melting point containing rare earth element according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described
The component Cu of solder is cathode copper (in Cu-cath-1, Cu-cath-2 and Cu-cath-3 one or more).
4. the low cadmium brazing silver alloy of a kind of low melting point containing rare earth element according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described
The component Cd of solder is cadmium ingot.
5. the low cadmium brazing silver alloy of a kind of low melting point containing rare earth element according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described
The component In of solder is indium metal.
6. the low cadmium brazing silver alloy of a kind of low melting point containing rare earth element according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described
The component Ga of solder is gallium.
7. the low cadmium brazing silver alloy of a kind of low melting point containing rare earth element according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described
The component Sn of solder is tin slab.
8. the low cadmium brazing silver alloy of a kind of low melting point containing rare earth element according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described
The component Pr of solder is metal praseodymium.
9. the low cadmium brazing silver alloy of a kind of low melting point containing rare earth element according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described
The component Nd of solder is neodymium metal.
10. the low cadmium brazing silver alloy of a kind of low melting point containing rare earth element according to claim 1, it is characterised in that prepare this low
The method of cadmium brazing silver alloy is:Added in intermediate frequency smelting furnace crucible by the mass percent of each component of the low cadmium brazing silver alloy, used
Intermediate frequency smelting process, by smelting, casting, extruding, drawing, that is, obtains required low cadmium brazing silver alloy silk material.
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Cited By (1)
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CN113843548A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-12-28 | 南京理工大学 | High-strength cadmium-free low-silver brazing filler metal |
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EP0634495A1 (en) * | 1993-07-12 | 1995-01-18 | Degussa Aktiengesellschaft | Use of a cadmium free silver alloy as a low metting point solder |
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CN104785951A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-07-22 | 杭州华光焊接新材料股份有限公司 | Low-silver brazing material for dissimilar metal connecting |
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CN113843548A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-12-28 | 南京理工大学 | High-strength cadmium-free low-silver brazing filler metal |
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Denomination of invention: A low melting point low cadmium silver solder containing rare earth elements Effective date of registration: 20220615 Granted publication date: 20191213 Pledgee: Agricultural Bank of China Limited by Share Ltd. Jinhua Economic Development Zone Branch Pledgor: JINHUA JINZHONG WELDING MATERIALS CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2022330000951 |