CN106729303A - 一种治疗竹鼠腹泻的药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗竹鼠腹泻的药物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗竹鼠腹泻的药物,由以下原料按照重量份组成:辅料3‑7份、陈皮2‑10份、石榴皮2‑5份、走马风5‑11份、麦瓶草6‑10份、两栖蓼7‑15份、阿里红10‑14份、风信子3‑6份、茯苓8‑15份、葛根3‑5份、甘草2‑6份、白术4‑8份、山楂1‑5份、杨树花2‑5份、吴茱萸2‑7份和草果2‑7份。本发明还公布了该药物的制备方法。本发明原料来源广泛并且原料价格低廉,制备工艺简单,生产成本低,适用于大规模的工业化生产;本发明的各种组分起到了协同作用,制备的药物,治疗竹鼠腹泻的效果远远优于现有产品,使用效果好,可以提高养殖者的经济效益。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种药物,具体是一种治疗竹鼠腹泻的药物。
背景技术
随着农业科技的进步和养殖业的发展,越来越多的农民养殖动物,养殖竹鼠就是其中一种。竹鼠,是属竹鼠科、竹鼠属的一种动物。以竹子、芒草、植物茎秆等为食。因吃竹而得名。此为野生物种十分珍贵,全世界共计有3属6种:非洲竹鼠属2种(东非的特有种)、竹鼠属3种、小竹鼠属1种(亚洲特有,见于中国中南部,如湖南省郴州地区),在中国有1属3种。竹鼠栖息于非洲东部和亚洲南部的热带与亚热带森林、灌丛和竹林中。它体大肉多,味道鲜美,营养丰富,毛皮绒厚柔软,且竹鼠肉质细腻精瘦,属于低脂肪高蛋白肉类,具有保健美容功能的高级食品,有较高的经济价值和药用价值,而且竹鼠养殖项目具有适用性广、占地面积少、生长发育快和节约粮食的特点,竹鼠在中国已被大规模养殖,已成为具有经济效益的养殖产业之一。竹鼠养殖中最容易出现的疾病就是竹鼠发生腹泻,不仅减慢了竹鼠的出栏周期,而且耗费了养殖者大量的时间、精力和金钱,后期死亡率高,这就降低了养殖者的经济效益。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种治疗竹鼠腹泻的药物,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种治疗竹鼠腹泻的药物,由以下原料按照重量份组成:辅料3-7份、陈皮2-10份、石榴皮2-5份、走马风5-11份、麦瓶草6-10份、两栖蓼7-15份、阿里红10-14份、风信子3-6份、茯苓8-15份、葛根3-5份、甘草2-6份、白术4-8份、山楂1-5份、杨树花2-5份、吴茱萸2-7份和草果2-7份。
作为本发明进一步的方案:冰片采用粉碎成的细粉,草果和吴茱萸均采用水提取或醇提取的提取物。
作为本发明进一步的方案:辅料为糊精、乳糖、淀粉、甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素和甜菊苷的一种或几种的混合物。
所述治疗竹鼠腹泻的药物的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
步骤一,称取原料,将各种原料洗干净并且在阴凉处晾干,备用;
步骤二,将葛根、山楂和茯苓各自放入研磨器皿中,在常温下研磨并且过200-300目的筛子,得到第一混合粉末;
步骤三,采用萃取的方法提取甘草、陈皮、两栖蓼和风信子的挥发油,然后过滤,得到滤液和药渣;
步骤四,将步骤三中的药渣采用2-5倍重量份的水煎煮2-4次,每次1-3小时,将药液滤出并且将得到的药液合并,得到第一药液;
步骤五,将石榴皮、走马风、麦瓶草、阿里红、白术和杨树花放入粉碎机粉碎并且过40-60目筛子,得到第二混合粉末;
步骤六,将第一混合粉末、滤液、第一药液、第二混合粉末、冰片、草果和吴茱萸放入搅拌机中,搅拌机在240-300rpm的转速下搅拌30-55分钟,得到第三混合溶液;
步骤七,将第三混合溶液静置并且过滤,滤液减压浓缩至65℃时相对密度为 1.20-1.30,得到浓缩液,再进行喷雾干燥得干浸膏粉,添加辅料制成粉剂、胶囊剂、片剂或者颗粒剂即可。
作为本发明进一步的方案:步骤三中采用水蒸气蒸馏或者超临界二氧化碳萃取药物的挥发油。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:本发明原料来源广泛并且原料价格低廉,制备工艺简单,生产成本低,适用于大规模的工业化生产;本发明的各种组分起到了协同作用,制备的药物,治疗竹鼠腹泻的效果远远优于现有产品,使用效果好,可以提高养殖者的经济效益。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本专利的技术方案作进一步详细地说明。
实施例1
一种治疗竹鼠腹泻的药物,由以下原料按照重量份组成:辅料3份、陈皮2份、石榴皮2份、走马风5份、麦瓶草6份、两栖蓼7份、阿里红10份、风信子3份、茯苓8份、葛根3份、甘草2份、白术4份、山楂1份、杨树花2份、吴茱萸2份和草果2份。冰片采用粉碎成的细粉,草果和吴茱萸均采用水提取的提取物。
所述治疗竹鼠腹泻的药物的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
步骤一,称取原料,将各种原料洗干净并且在阴凉处晾干,备用;
步骤二,将葛根、山楂和茯苓各自放入研磨器皿中,在常温下研磨并且过200目的筛子,得到第一混合粉末;
步骤三,采用水蒸气蒸馏萃取的方法提取甘草、陈皮、两栖蓼和风信子的挥发油,然后过滤,得到滤液和药渣;
步骤四,将步骤三中的药渣采用3倍重量份的水煎煮2次,每次1.5小时,将药液滤出并且将得到的药液合并,得到第一药液;
步骤五,将石榴皮、走马风、麦瓶草、阿里红、白术和杨树花放入粉碎机粉碎并且过40目筛子,得到第二混合粉末;
步骤六,将第一混合粉末、滤液、第一药液、第二混合粉末、冰片细粉、草果提取物和吴茱萸提取物放入搅拌机中,搅拌机在240rpm的转速下搅拌32分钟,得到第三混合溶液;
步骤七,将第三混合溶液静置并且过滤,滤液减压浓缩至65℃时相对密度为 1.20,得到浓缩液,再进行喷雾干燥得干浸膏粉,添加辅料制成粉剂、胶囊剂、片剂或者颗粒剂即可。
实施例2
一种治疗竹鼠腹泻的药物,由以下原料按照重量份组成:辅料5份、陈皮6份、石榴皮3份、走马风8份、麦瓶草9份、两栖蓼11份、阿里红12份、风信子5份、茯苓13份、葛根3-5份、甘草2-6份、白术4-8份、山楂1-5份、杨树花2-5份、吴茱萸2-7份和草果2-7份。辅料为糊精。
所述治疗竹鼠腹泻的药物的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
步骤一,称取原料,将各种原料洗干净并且在阴凉处晾干,备用;
步骤二,将葛根、山楂和茯苓各自放入研磨器皿中,在常温下研磨并且过240目的筛子,得到第一混合粉末;
步骤三,采用萃取的方法提取甘草、陈皮、两栖蓼和风信子的挥发油,然后过滤,得到滤液和药渣;
步骤四,将步骤三中的药渣采用4倍重量份的水煎煮4次,每次2小时,将药液滤出并且将得到的药液合并,得到第一药液;
步骤五,将石榴皮、走马风、麦瓶草、阿里红、白术和杨树花放入粉碎机粉碎并且过50目筛子,得到第二混合粉末;
步骤六,将第一混合粉末、滤液、第一药液、第二混合粉末、冰片、草果和吴茱萸放入搅拌机中,搅拌机在270rpm的转速下搅拌45分钟,得到第三混合溶液;
步骤七,将第三混合溶液静置并且过滤,滤液减压浓缩至65℃时相对密度为 1.25,得到浓缩液,再进行喷雾干燥得干浸膏粉,添加糊精制成粉剂、胶囊剂、片剂或者颗粒剂即可。
实施例3
一种治疗竹鼠腹泻的药物,由以下原料按照重量份组成:辅料7份、陈皮10份、石榴皮5份、走马风11份、麦瓶草10份、两栖蓼15份、阿里红14份、风信子6份、茯苓15份、葛根5份、甘草6份、白术8份、山楂5份、杨树花5份、吴茱萸7份和草果7份。冰片采用粉碎成的细粉,草果和吴茱萸均采用醇提取的提取物。辅料为糊精、乳糖、淀粉、甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素和甜菊苷的混合物。
所述治疗竹鼠腹泻的药物的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
步骤一,称取原料,将各种原料洗干净并且在阴凉处晾干,备用;
步骤二,将葛根、山楂和茯苓各自放入研磨器皿中,在常温下研磨并且过300目的筛子,得到第一混合粉末;
步骤三,采用超临界二氧化碳萃取的方法提取甘草、陈皮、两栖蓼和风信子的挥发油,然后过滤,得到滤液和药渣;
步骤四,将步骤三中的药渣采用5倍重量份的水煎煮4次,每次3小时,将药液滤出并且将得到的药液合并,得到第一药液;
步骤五,将石榴皮、走马风、麦瓶草、阿里红、白术和杨树花放入粉碎机粉碎并且过60目筛子,得到第二混合粉末;
步骤六,将第一混合粉末、滤液、第一药液、第二混合粉末、冰片、草果和吴茱萸放入搅拌机中,搅拌机在300rpm的转速下搅拌55分钟,得到第三混合溶液;
步骤七,将第三混合溶液静置并且过滤,滤液减压浓缩至65℃时相对密度为1.30,得到浓缩液,再进行喷雾干燥得干浸膏粉,添加辅料制成粉剂、胶囊剂、片剂或者颗粒剂即可。
对比例
除不含有两栖蓼,对比例1的其余组分和制备方法均与实施例1相同。除不含有走马风,对比例2的其余组分和制备方法均与实施例2相同。
实验过程
选择腹泻程度以及身体状况相同的竹鼠,每组200只并且公竹鼠和母竹鼠各占一半,一共7组。1-3组饲喂实施例1-3的药物,4-5组饲喂对比例1-2的药物,6组饲喂现有药物,7组不饲喂任何药物。诊断标准:腹泻、大便每日不少于3 次,粪便的性状异常,可为稀便和水样便,亦可为粘液便、脓血便及血便,可伴有恶心、呕吐、食欲不振、发热、腹痛及全身不适等。病情严重者,因大量丢失水分引起脱水、电解质紊乱甚至休克。实验室检查:粪便常规检查:粪便可为稀便、水样便、血便或脓血便。镜检可有多量红白细胞,亦可有少量或无细胞。病原学检查:粪便中可检出霍乱、痢疾、伤寒和副伤寒以外的致病微生物,如肠致泻性大肠杆菌、沙门菌、轮状病毒或蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫等。
对1-6组的竹鼠每日饲喂三次药物并且采用温开水送服,持续两周。疗效评定标准:治愈:大便正常,其他症状消失,临床检验正常。好转:大便次数明显减少,其他症状改善。无效:症状未见改善。两周后结果见表1。
表1
治愈数量(只) | 好转数量(只) | 无效数量(只) | |
1组 | 196 | 4 | 0 |
2组 | 192 | 8 | 0 |
3组 | 190 | 9 | 1 |
4组 | 124 | 46 | 30 |
5组 | 119 | 42 | 39 |
6组 | 145 | 34 | 21 |
7组 | 0 | 0 | 200 |
从表1可以看出,1-3组的治愈数量远远高于4-6组,1-3组的无效数量远远低于4-6组,说明本发明制备的药物治疗腹泻效果好。
对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。
此外,应当理解,虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述,但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案,说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见,本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体,各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合,形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
Claims (5)
1.一种治疗竹鼠腹泻的药物,其特征在于,由以下原料按照重量份组成:辅料3-7份、陈皮2-10份、石榴皮2-5份、走马风5-11份、麦瓶草6-10份、两栖蓼7-15份、阿里红10-14份、风信子3-6份、茯苓8-15份、葛根3-5份、甘草2-6份、白术4-8份、山楂1-5份、杨树花2-5份、吴茱萸2-7份和草果2-7份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的治疗竹鼠腹泻的药物,其特征在于,所述冰片采用粉碎成的细粉,草果和吴茱萸均采用水提取或醇提取的提取物。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的治疗竹鼠腹泻的药物,其特征在于,所述辅料为糊精、乳糖、淀粉、甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素和甜菊苷的一种或几种的混合物。
4.一种如权利要求1-3任一所述的治疗竹鼠腹泻的药物的制备方法,其特征在于,具体步骤如下:
步骤一,称取原料,将各种原料洗干净并且在阴凉处晾干,备用;
步骤二,将葛根、山楂和茯苓各自放入研磨器皿中,在常温下研磨并且过200-300目的筛子,得到第一混合粉末;
步骤三,采用萃取的方法提取甘草、陈皮、两栖蓼和风信子的挥发油,然后过滤,得到滤液和药渣;
步骤四,将步骤三中的药渣采用2-5倍重量份的水煎煮2-4次,每次1-3小时,将药液滤出并且将得到的药液合并,得到第一药液;
步骤五,将石榴皮、走马风、麦瓶草、阿里红、白术和杨树花放入粉碎机粉碎并且过40-60目筛子,得到第二混合粉末;
步骤六,将第一混合粉末、滤液、第一药液、第二混合粉末、冰片、草果和吴茱萸放入搅拌机中,搅拌机在240-300rpm的转速下搅拌30-55分钟,得到第三混合溶液;
步骤七,将第三混合溶液静置并且过滤,滤液减压浓缩至65℃时相对密度为 1.20-1.30,得到浓缩液,再进行喷雾干燥得干浸膏粉,添加辅料制成粉剂、胶囊剂、片剂或者颗粒剂即可。
5.根据权利要求4所述的治疗竹鼠腹泻药物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤三中采用水蒸气蒸馏或者超临界二氧化碳萃取药物的挥发油。
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