CN106728554A - 一种抗氧化防辐射的桂枣芦提取物、固体饮料及其应用 - Google Patents
一种抗氧化防辐射的桂枣芦提取物、固体饮料及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种抗氧化防辐射的桂枣芦提取物,所述提取物为鲜活桂花与大枣的混合提取物。所述鲜活桂花与大枣的重量比为1‑10:1‑10:1‑10。本发明提供的桂枣芦提取物味道芬芳,溶解性好,具有良好的液体粘度。并且本发明提供的桂枣芦提取物对于防辐射具有良好的作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种应用于抗衰老防辐射的中药提取物,根据具体的说涉及一种抗氧化防辐射的桂枣芦提取物、固体饮料及其应用。
技术背景
桂花是我国的传统十大花卉之一,为常绿小乔木,常见的有金桂(花橙黄色)、银桂(花黄白色)及丹桂、四季桂等,其花清香馥郁常被用做观赏木,同时桂花也被广泛用作食品和香料,如桂花酒、桂花糕、桂花糖、桂花蜜等。有研究表明桂花花瓣中含有可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、氨基酸、黄酮等多中营养素以及钾、钙、镁等多种矿物素,具有健胃、化痰、散寒等保健功能,能治痰多咳嗽、肠风血痢、牙痛口臭、食欲不振、经闭腹痛,是一种药食两用原料。且桂花性温味甘,常喝含有桂花成分的产品不仅可以排毒、通肠,还可以减肥、美容养颜,对女性来说是不可多得的佳饮。
红枣又名大枣,同桂花一样具有药用和食用价值,红枣的营养保健作用,在远古时期就被人们发明利用,且有“日食三颗枣,百岁不显老”之说。大枣有抗氧化作用。大枣中丰富的维生素C有很强的抗氧化活性及促进胶原蛋白合成的作用,可参与组织细胞的氧化还原反应,与体内多种物质的代谢有关,另外,其富含糖类、胡萝卜素以及B族维生素、维生素c等水溶性维生素,具有补五脏、治虚损、养血、安神、除肠胃癖气、祛痰等功效。
发明内容
针对上述问题,本发明提供了一种抗氧化防辐射的桂枣芦提取物,所述提取物为鲜活桂花与大枣的混合提取物。所述鲜活桂花与大枣的重量比为1-10:1-10:1-10。
其中,一种桂枣芦提取物的提取方法是:桂枣芦提取物的提取方法是:所述提物方法包括以下步骤:
1)根据重量比称原料,鲜活桂花采摘在5h以内,且置于5℃以下条件保存;
2)将鲜活桂花经过筛检清洗后,沥干水,在-10℃--50℃温度,1.3~13Pa真空度条件下,冻干,粉碎,得到干桂花原料;
3)将干大枣经过筛检后,在环境温度低于-5℃的条件下,粉碎,得到大枣原料;
4)将大枣原料与干桂花原料混合,用混合原料3倍重量以上的浓度高于60%的乙醇渗漉提取,得到乙醇提取物和残渣;
5)将残渣用原料混合3倍重量以上的水,在45-60℃条件下温浸泡,制备得到水提取物;
6)温度低于45℃条件下减压浓缩乙醇提取物,得到脂溶性浸膏;在温度低于60℃条件下减压浓缩水提取物得到水溶性浸膏;
7)将芦荟去皮,芦荟肉用胶体磨,充分碾磨,得到芦荟肉粘液;
8)混合水溶性浸膏、脂溶性浸膏和芦荟肉粘液,在-10℃--50℃温度,1.3~13Pa真空度条件下,冻干,粉碎,得到桂枣芦提取物。
另外一种桂枣芦提取物的提取方法是:所述提物方法包括以下步骤:
1)根据重量比称原料,鲜活桂花采摘在5h以内,且置于5℃以下条件保存;
2)将鲜活桂花经过筛检清洗后,沥干水,直接粉碎,得到桂花原料;
3)将干大枣经过筛检后,直接粉碎,得到大枣原料;
4)将大枣原料与桂花原料混合,用混合原料3倍重量以上的浓度高于60%的乙醇渗漉提取,得到乙醇提取物和残渣;
5)将残渣用原料混合3倍重量以上的水,在45-60℃条件下温浸泡,制备得到水提取物;
6)温度低于45℃条件下减压浓缩乙醇提取物,得到脂溶性浸膏;在温度低于60℃条件下减压浓缩水提取物得到水溶性浸膏;
7)将芦荟去皮,芦荟肉用胶体磨,充分碾磨,得到芦荟肉粘液;
8)混合水溶性浸膏、脂溶性浸膏和芦荟肉粘液,在-10℃--50℃温度,1.3~13Pa真空度条件下,冻干,粉碎,得到桂枣芦提取物。
在上述制备得到的获得的桂枣芦提取物中混入白砂糖、无水柠檬酸、麦芽糊精、海藻酸钠、芦丁、DPPH及VC,制备得到抗氧化防辐射的桂枣芦提取物固体饮料;在具体使用时,加入适量水即可食用。
上述任一项所述的桂枣芦提取物在制备抗氧化防辐射药物中的应用。
本发明的有益技术效果是:本发明提供的桂枣芦提取物味道芬芳,溶解性好,具有良好的液体粘度。并且本发明提供的桂枣芦提取物对于防辐射具有良好的作用。
具体实施方式
实施例1桂枣芦提取物的制备
1、采集鲜活桂花置于5℃以下条件保存,采摘在5h以内,根据重量比6:1称取鲜活桂花和干大枣;将鲜活桂花经过筛检清洗后,沥干水,直接粉碎,得到桂花原料;将干大枣经过筛检后,直接粉碎,得到大枣原料;将大枣原料与桂花原料混合,用混合原料3倍重量以上的浓度高于60%的乙醇渗漉提取,得到乙醇提取物和残渣;将残渣用原料混合3倍重量以上的水,在45-60℃条件下温浸泡,制备得到水提取物;温度低于45℃条件下减压浓缩乙醇提取物,得到脂溶性浸膏;在温度低于60℃条件下减压浓缩水提取物得到水溶性浸膏;将芦荟去皮,芦荟肉用胶体磨,充分碾磨,得到芦荟肉粘液;混合水溶性浸膏、脂溶性浸膏和芦荟肉粘液,在-空度9.8pa,制冷温度-46℃(在冷冻干燥前将样品冻入-40℃冰箱中密封预冻,冻干速度更快)冻干,粉碎,得到桂枣芦提取物A组。
2、采集鲜活桂花置于5℃以下条件保存,采摘在5h以内,根据重量比6:1称取鲜活桂花和干大枣;将鲜活桂花经过筛检清洗后,沥干水,在-10℃--50℃温度,1.3~-13Pa真空度条件下,冻干,粉碎,得到干桂花原料;将干大枣经过筛检后,在环境温度低于-5℃的条件下,粉碎,得到大枣原料;将大枣原料与干桂花原料混合,用混合原料3倍重量以上的浓度高于60%的乙醇渗漉提取,得到乙醇提取物和残渣;将残渣用原料混合3倍重量以上的水,在45-60℃条件下温浸泡,制备得到水提取物;温度低于45℃条件下减压浓缩乙醇提取物,得到脂溶性浸膏;在温度低于60℃条件下减压浓缩水提取物得到水溶性浸膏;在温度低于60℃条件下减压浓缩水提取物得到水溶性浸膏;将芦荟去皮,芦荟肉用胶体磨,充分碾磨,得到芦荟肉粘液;混合水溶性浸膏、脂溶性浸膏和芦荟肉粘液,在-10℃--50℃温度,1.3~-13Pa真空度条件下,冻干,粉碎,得到桂枣芦提取物B组。
3、采集鲜活桂花,根据重量比6:1称取鲜活桂花和干大枣;45℃鼓风干燥鲜活桂花,得到干桂花原料;将干大枣经过筛检后,45℃鼓风干燥,粉碎,得到大枣原料;将大枣原料与干桂花原料混合,用混合原料3倍重量以上的浓度高于60%的乙醇渗漉提取,得到乙醇提取物和残渣;将残渣用原料混合3倍重量以上的水,在45-60℃条件下温浸泡,制备得到水提取物;温度低于45℃条件下减压浓缩乙醇提取物,得到脂溶性浸膏;在温度低于60℃条件下减压浓缩水提取物得到水溶性浸膏;在温度低于60℃条件下减压浓缩水提取物得到水溶性浸膏;将芦荟去皮,芦荟肉用胶体磨,充分碾磨,得到芦荟肉粘液;混合水溶性浸膏、脂溶性浸膏和芦荟肉粘液,在-10℃--50℃温度,1.3~-13Pa真空度条件下,冻干,粉碎,得到桂枣芦提取物C组。
4、采集鲜活桂花置于5℃以下条件保存,采摘在5h以内,根据重量比6:1称取鲜活桂花和干大枣;将鲜活桂花经过筛检清洗后,沥干水,在-10℃--50℃温度,1.3~-13Pa真空度条件下,冻干,粉碎,得到干桂花原料;将干大枣经过筛检后,在环境温度低于-5℃的条件下,粉碎,得到大枣原料;将大枣原料与干桂花原料混合,用原料混合3倍重量以上的水,在45-60℃条件下温浸泡,制备得到水提取物;在温度低于60℃条件下减压浓缩水提取物得到水溶性浸膏;混将水溶性浸膏在-10℃--50℃温度,1.3~-13Pa真空度条件下,冻干,粉碎,得到桂枣芦提取物D组。
5、将干大枣经过筛检后,在环境温度低于-5℃的条件下,粉碎,得到大枣原料;将大枣原料用原料3倍重量以上的浓度高于60%的乙醇渗漉提取,得到乙醇提取物和残渣;将残渣用原料3倍重量以上的水,在45-60℃条件下温浸泡,制备得到水提取物;温度低于45℃条件下减压浓缩乙醇提取物,得到脂溶性浸膏;在温度低于60℃条件下减压浓缩水提取物得到水溶性浸膏;在温度低于60℃条件下减压浓缩水提取物得到水溶性浸膏;将芦荟去皮,芦荟肉用胶体磨,充分碾磨,得到芦荟肉粘液;混合水溶性浸膏、脂溶性浸膏和芦荟肉粘液,在-10℃--50℃温度,1.3~-13Pa真空度条件下,冻干,粉碎,得到大枣提取物。
实施例2桂枣芦提取物的活性考察
1实验过程
1.1试验选择72只雌性昆明小白鼠(6-8周龄,体重25-32g),随机分成12组,每组6只,1-6组为给药组(CK组),7-12组为给药照射组(CK-R组),其中1-6组分别灌胃蒸馏水作为空白组、桂枣芦提取物A、B、C组,桂枣芦提取物D组和大枣提取物对照组,给药剂量为提取干重800mg/kg剂量,连续灌胃5天;7-12组分别分别灌胃蒸馏水作为空白组、桂枣芦提取物A、B、C组,桂枣芦提取物D组和桂枣芦提取物D组,给药剂量为原料干重5g/kg剂量,连续灌胃5天,于第6天照射。
1.2给药照射组连续灌胃5天后,第6天照射60Co-γ,射线,单次全身照射,总剂量为5Gy,剂量率为0.6Gy/min。
1.4在试验第6天后的48小时内(即在给药照射组照射后48小时内),1-12组全部进行眼睑采血装入EP管内,置于冰块中待用。
1.5试验选择测定4个抗氧化指标,分别为超氧化物岐化酶(SOD),过氧化氢酶(CAT),谷肤甘肤过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)和丙二醛(MDA)。
2结论分析
2.1抗氧化分析
给药照射各组与CK组抗氧化活性的比较结果如表1所示。
表1照射处理各组与对应的CK组抗氧化活性比较
本试验结果表明,桂枣芦提取物能够增强昆明小白鼠机体的抗氧化性,采用不同的提取方式,如采用桂枣芦提取物D组的提取方式,其抗氧化作用出现下降。,在试验测定的4个抗氧化性指标中,桂枣芦提取物A、B、C组能显著影响SOD与CAT的酶活性。桂枣芦提取物对GSH-PX酶活性的影响相对较小,各处理组间的差异也相对较小。桂枣芦提取物A、B、C组也能显著降低血液中MDA的含量,各处理组间差异显著。综上各组中,A、B组的活性作为显著,这说明在原料的前处理过程中,避免鲜活桂花的氧化,对于活性成分的保存有重大的意义。比较A、B组发现,采用冻干技术进行原料前处理的效果优于直接将原料粉碎提取,但冻干处理的成本也会较高。
2.2抗辐射分析
给药处理后,能够增强昆明小白鼠机体的抗氧化性,但照射处理组的抗氧化性有所下降,CK-R与CK组4个抗氧化性指标比较,即比较各给药照射组小白鼠机体抗氧化性与正常水平的差异,来分析不同桂枣芦提取物实验组对小白鼠辐射损伤的保护效果。试验测定的4个抗氧化性指标,CK-R组较CK组均有不同程度的变化,表明未经桂枣芦提取物的昆明小白鼠在辐射损伤后,自身的抗氧化性产生较大变化。具体结果如表2所示:
表2不同实验组照射处理酶活性的相对变化值
给药照射组4个抗氧化性指标的变化表明,1桂枣芦提取物A、B、C组对辐射损伤的保护作用较桂枣芦提取物D组和大枣提取物对照组明显增强。说明在前处理中避免鲜活桂花在酶的作用下氧化,对于提取物活性具有关键的意义。
实施例3
混合调配:为混合调配过程中添加物快速溶解,将无水柠檬酸、蔗糖、海藻酸钠分别粉碎、过筛(100目筛),并准确称量各自添加量置于研钵中研磨混合,再与实施例1中得到桂花、红枣提取物混合调配。
通过预试验及单因素试验,基本确定桂花提取液、红枣提取液、蔗糖、无水柠檬酸的添加量,在此基础上根据正交性从全面试验中挑选出部分有代表性的点进行正交试验对桂花固体饮料的配方进行优化。正交试验表及结果见表3所示。
表3配方优选水平及结果
由上表分析可得,桂花固体饮料的最优配方为A2B2C2D3E1,即桂花提取物添加量为20%,红枣提取物添加量为15%,桂花提取物添加量为20%,蔗糖添加量为12%,无水柠檬酸添加量为0.8%,麦芽糊精添加量为15%,海藻酸钠添加量为0.4%时桂花固体饮料的感官评分最高,也就说明此时桂花固体饮料的香味、口感、冲调性等品质达到最优;影响饮料品质的主次顺序为红枣提取液添加量>白砂糖添加量>桂花添加量>无水柠檬酸添加量,说明红枣提取液添加量的改变对桂花固体饮料的品质影响最大,其次是白砂糖添加量。
用2,6-二氯酚靛酚法测定成品中维生素c的含量;蒽酮比色法测定成品中总糖含量;直接干燥法测定成品中水分含量;考马斯亮蓝染色法测定成品中可溶性蛋白质含量;最佳配方饮料成品溶于200ml水中,3000rpm离心15min,得上清液(样品液备用),以芦丁为基准,采用Al(NO3)3-NaNO2比色法测定总黄酮含量;以没食子酸为基准,采用福林酚法测定总酚含量。部分成分含量见表4所示。
表4部分成分含量(质量分数/%)测定结果
成分 | 质量分数 | 成分 | 质量分数 |
水分 | 5.1±0.11 | VC | 0.08±0.02 |
总糖 | 14.32±0.45 | 总黄酮 | 0.10±0.03 |
可溶性蛋白质 | 0.3±0.07 | 总酚 | 0.14±0.05 |
Claims (6)
1.一种抗氧化防辐射的桂枣芦提取物,其特征在于:所述提取物为鲜活桂花、鲜活芦荟与大枣的混合提取物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的抗氧化防辐射的桂枣芦提取物,其特征在于:所述鲜活桂花、鲜活芦荟与大枣的重量比为1-10:1-10:1-10。
3.根据权利要求2所述的抗氧化防辐射的桂枣芦提取物,其特征在于:桂枣芦提取物的提取方法是:所述提物方法包括以下步骤:
1)根据重量比称原料,鲜活桂花采摘在5h以内,且置于5℃以下条件保存;
2)将鲜活桂花经过筛检清洗后,沥干水,在-10℃--50℃温度,1.3~13Pa真空度条件下,冻干,粉碎,得到干桂花原料;
3)将干大枣经过筛检后,在环境温度低于-5℃的条件下,粉碎,得到大枣原料;
4)将大枣原料与干桂花原料混合,用混合原料3倍重量以上的浓度高于60%的乙醇渗漉提取,得到乙醇提取物和残渣;
5)将残渣用原料混合3倍重量以上的水,在45-60℃条件下温浸泡,制备得到水提取物;
6)温度低于45℃条件下减压浓缩乙醇提取物,得到脂溶性浸膏;在温度低于60℃条件下减压浓缩水提取物得到水溶性浸膏;
7)将芦荟去皮,芦荟肉用胶体磨,充分碾磨,得到芦荟肉粘液;
8)混合水溶性浸膏、脂溶性浸膏和芦荟肉粘液,在-10℃--50℃温度,1.3~13Pa真空度条件下,冻干,粉碎,得到桂枣芦提取物。
4.根据权利要求2所述的抗氧化防辐射的桂枣芦提取物,其特征在于:桂枣芦提取物的提取方法是:所述提物方法包括以下步骤:
1)根据重量比称原料,鲜活桂花采摘在5h以内,且置于5℃以下条件保存;
2)将鲜活桂花经过筛检清洗后,沥干水,直接粉碎,得到桂花原料;
3)将干大枣经过筛检后,直接粉碎,得到大枣原料;
4)将大枣原料与桂花原料混合,用混合原料3倍重量以上的浓度高于60%的乙醇渗漉提取,得到乙醇提取物和残渣;
5)将残渣用原料混合3倍重量以上的水,在45-60℃条件下温浸泡,制备得到水提取物;
6)温度低于45℃条件下减压浓缩乙醇提取物,得到脂溶性浸膏;在温度低于60℃条件下减压浓缩水提取物得到水溶性浸膏;
7)将芦荟去皮,芦荟肉用胶体磨,充分碾磨,得到芦荟肉粘液;
8)混合水溶性浸膏、脂溶性浸膏和芦荟肉粘液,在-10℃--50℃温度,1.3~13Pa真空度条件下,冻干,粉碎,得到桂枣芦提取物。
5.一种抗氧化防辐射的桂枣芦提取物固体饮料,其特征在于:在权利要求3、4获得的桂枣芦提取物中混入白砂糖、无水柠檬酸、麦芽糊精、海藻酸钠 、芦丁、DPPH及VC,制备得到抗氧化防辐射的桂枣芦提取物固体饮料;在具体使用时,加入适量水即可食用。
6.权利要求1-4任一项所述的桂枣芦提取物在制备抗氧化防辐射药物中的应用。
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