CN106728079A - 虫草芪参胶囊制剂的生产方法 - Google Patents
虫草芪参胶囊制剂的生产方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于中草药提取技术领域,公开了虫草芪参胶囊的生产方法,其包括如下步骤:步骤1)称取原料,步骤2)制备冬虫夏草细粉,步骤3)制备黄芪提取物,步骤4)制备丹参提取物,步骤5)制备红花提取物,步骤6)制备酸枣仁提取物,步骤7)混匀、粉碎以及制粒。本发明生产的制剂对慢性肾炎有较好的治疗作用,效果优于现有虫草芪参胶囊产品。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中草药提取技术领域,具体涉及虫草芪参胶囊制剂的生产方法。
背景技术
虫草芪参胶囊是一种有效治疗慢性肾炎的药物,其原料成分相对简单,而且效果好,毒副作用小,备受患者青睐。申请人在制药过程中发现,该药物生产方法比较单一,对多种原料采用相同提取工艺,存在有效成分流失的缺陷,而且虫草芪参胶囊每次需要服用4粒,每天三次,服药量过大,部分病人很难接受,容易出现排斥情绪。如何通过改进工艺,来最大限度的利用原料,提高药效,是我们需要研究的问题。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的缺陷,本发明提出了虫草芪参胶囊制剂的生产方法,该生产方法简单可行、最大限度提取了原料的有效成分,提高了药效,减少了药物服用量。
本发明是通过如下技术方案来实现的:
虫草芪参胶囊的生产方法,其包括如下步骤:步骤1)称取原料,步骤2)制备冬虫夏草细粉,步骤3)制备黄芪提取物,步骤4)制备丹参提取物,步骤5)制备红花提取物,步骤6)制备酸枣仁提取物,步骤7)混匀、粉碎以及制粒。
具体地,所述生产方法包括如下步骤:
步骤1)称取原料:按照重量份称取各原料备用,其中,冬虫夏草80g、黄芪 1200g、丹参600g、红花 600g、酸枣仁320g;
步骤2)制备冬虫夏草细粉:取冬虫夏草,粉碎成细粉;
步骤3)制备黄芪提取物:取黄芪,粉碎,过100目筛,置于容器中,添加两倍重量的85%(v/v)的乙醇,300rpm搅拌提取,提取过程中控制微波功率为500W,提取时间为120min;然后置于4℃放置8h,过滤,滤渣备用;滤液减压蒸发回收乙醇,并浓缩滤液至密度为1.2g/ml的浸膏A;
往上述滤渣中加两倍重量的水,搅拌均匀,然后加入0.5wt%的中性蛋白酶,在37℃酶解120min,然后煮沸3min,然后加入占滤渣两倍重量的无水乙醇,300rpm搅拌10min,然后静置12h,去除上清液,收集沉淀,加水溶解,-20℃放置6h,然后3000rpm离心3min,过滤去除沉淀,将滤液减压浓缩至密度为1.2g/ml的浸膏B;合并浸膏A和浸膏B得到黄芪提取物;
步骤4)制备丹参提取物:取丹参,粉碎,过100目筛,然后铺成3mm厚度的平层,置于紫外线下照射20min,收集粉末置于容器中,添加两倍重量的水,300rpm搅拌提取;过滤,收集滤液,浓缩成1.2g/ml的浸膏,即得丹参提取物;
步骤5)制备红花提取物:取红花,投入超声提取罐,加入三倍重量的75%的乙醇,控制提取温度为50℃,以频率50KHz超声提取30min,过滤,收集滤液,浓缩成1.2g/ml的浸膏,即得红花提取物;
步骤6)制备酸枣仁提取物:取酸枣仁,加水煎煮两次,第一次加8倍重量的水,煎煮2小时,过滤后得到滤液和药渣;往药渣添加5倍重量的水,煎煮1.5小时,过滤得滤液;合并上述两次的滤液,浓缩成密度为1.1g/ml的清膏,冷却,添加乙醇使含醇量达70%,静置24小时,滤过,取上清液,减压回收乙醇,浓缩至密度为1.3g/ml的浸膏,即得酸枣仁提取物;
步骤7)混匀、粉碎以及制粒:将步骤3)所得黄芪提取物,步骤4)所得丹参提取物,步骤5)所得红花提取物,步骤6)所得酸枣仁提取物,混匀,60℃烘干,然后粉碎,加入步骤2)所得细粉,混匀,干燥制成1000粒。
优选地,所述步骤4)中,所述搅拌提取的参数为:微波功率为700W,提取时间为20min;所述紫外线强度为2000uW/cm2。
按照上述的生产方法生产的胶囊制剂
本发明相对于现有技术具有如下的优点及效果:
本发明生产方法简单可行,对不同的中药成分采用不同技术进行处理,提高了各原料的有效成分,增加了药效,减少了原料浪费;丹参提取时,采用煎煮的方式,容易导致酚酸以及酮类物质的分解,本发明工艺采用微波水提的方式,避免了上述缺陷;较小的粒径能够提高黄芪有效组分的浸出率,配合微波醇提等工艺获得苷类化合物以及多糖类,避免了成分的流失;本发明丹参提取工艺采用合适强度的紫外线,提高了有效成分的溶出度,同时采用微波辅助水提,时间短,提高了提取效率,降低了能耗;红花中的绿原酸等酸类物质、酚类有效物质不易采用煎煮的方式,本发明采用醇提,保留了有效成分;本发明制备的胶囊制剂有效成分高,效果好,动物实验提示其效果优于现有的胶囊制剂,可用于进一步的临床研究。申请人还尝试对已知虫草芪参胶囊原料配比进行了细微的改进,药效结果显示差距并不大,而冬虫夏草成本的降低可以降低企业的成本。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本申请中的技术方案,下面将结合本申请具体实施例,对本发明进行更加清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都应当属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
虫草芪参胶囊的生产方法,其包括如下步骤:
1)按照重量份称取各原料备用:冬虫夏草80g、黄芪 1200g、丹参 600g、红花 600g、酸枣仁320g;
2)取冬虫夏草,粉碎成细粉;
3)取黄芪,粉碎,过100目筛,置于容器中,添加两倍重量的85%(v/v)的乙醇,300rpm搅拌提取,提取过程中控制微波功率为500W,提取时间为120min;然后置于4℃放置8h,过滤,滤渣备用;滤液减压蒸发回收乙醇,并浓缩滤液至密度为1.2g/ml的浸膏A;采用高效液相色谱法测试浸膏A中黄芪甲苷含量为1.31mg/ml;
将上述滤渣加两倍重量的水,搅拌均匀,然后加入0.5wt%的中性蛋白酶 (20万U/g),在37℃酶解120min,煮沸3min,然后加入占滤渣两倍重量的无水乙醇,300rpm搅拌10min,然后静置12h,去除上清液,收集沉淀,加水溶解,-20℃放置6h,然后3000rpm离心3min,过滤去除沉淀,将滤液减压浓缩至密度为1.2g/ml的浸膏B;合并浸膏A和浸膏B得到黄芪提取物;采用凝胶色谱法测得浸膏B中黄芪多糖分子量多分布于20000~40000,占总糖的65%以上;
4)取丹参,粉碎,过100目筛,然后铺成3mm厚度的平层,置于紫外线下照射20min,收集粉末置于容器中,添加两倍重量的水,300rpm搅拌提取,提取过程中控制微波功率为700W,提取时间为20min;过滤,收集滤液,浓缩成1.2g/ml的浸膏,即得丹参提取物;所述紫外线强度为2000uW/cm2;
5) 取红花,投入超声提取罐,加入三倍重量的75%(体积份数)的乙醇,控制提取温度为50℃,以频率50KHz超声提取30min,过滤,收集滤液,浓缩成1.2g/ml的浸膏,即得红花提取物;
6)取酸枣仁,加水煎煮两次,第一次加8倍重量的水,煎煮2小时,过滤后得到滤液和药渣;往药渣添加5倍重量的水,煎煮1.5小时,过滤得滤液;合并上述两次的滤液,浓缩成密度为1.1g/ml的清膏,冷却,添加乙醇使含醇量达70%(体积分数),静置24小时,滤过,取上清液,减压回收乙醇,浓缩至密度为1.3g/ml的浸膏,即得酸枣仁提取物;
7)将步骤3)所得黄芪提取物,步骤4)所得丹参提取物,步骤5)所得红花提取物,步骤6)所得酸枣仁提取物,混匀,60℃烘干,然后粉碎,加入步骤2)所得细粉,混匀,干燥,添加辅料制成1000粒。
用法用量:口服,一次3粒,0.45g/粒,一日3次。
对照例1
一种用于治疗慢性肾炎的虫草芪参胶囊,其由下述重量的原料制备而得:冬虫夏草80g、黄芪 1200g、丹参 600g、红花 600g、酸枣仁320g;
所述虫草芪参胶囊的生产方法为:按照重量称取原料药备用;
(1)取冬虫夏草粉碎成细粉;
(2)取黄芪、丹参、红花、酸枣仁加水煎煮两次,第一次加10倍量水,煎煮2小时,过滤后得到滤液和药渣;
(3)在步骤(2)中所得到的药渣添加8倍量水,煎煮1.5小时,过滤得滤液;
(4)合并步骤(2)和步骤(3)的滤液,浓缩成相对密度为1.16-1.18(50℃)的清膏,冷却,添加乙醇使含醇量达70%(体积分数),静置24小时,滤过,取上清液,减压回收乙醇,浓缩至密度为1.38-1.40g/ml(50℃)的干浸膏,粉碎,加入步骤(1)制备的细粉混匀,干燥制成1000粒。
用法用量:口服,一次4粒,0.45g/粒,一日3次。
实施例2
动物毒性试验
健康昆明品系小鼠40只,雌雄各半,体重为18.6±2.1g, 将40只小鼠随机分为两组,每组雌雄各半,其中20只作为对照组,灌以常水;另外20只小鼠给予实施例1的制剂,剂量为200mg/kg,每天三次,应用小鼠进行毒性实验表明:与对照组比较,给药后小鼠未见明显差异,实验连续观察两周,小鼠全身状况、摄食、饮水、体重增长均正常。给药当天及给药后两周内,未见动物死亡,提示该药毒性低,临床用药安全。
实施例3
药效对比试验
动物:SD雄性大鼠80只,体重219±13g,健康清洁级,本公司实验动物中心饲养。
分组处理:80只SD雄性大鼠,根据体重无显著差异随机选取20只为空白对照组,其余60只进行阿霉素肾病模型制备。将模型大鼠随机分为模型对照组(灌胃生理盐水,剂量100mg/kg)、实施例1组(灌胃实施例1生产的制剂,剂量100mg/kg)、对照例1组(灌胃对照例1生产的制剂,剂量100mg/kg),每组20只。每日灌胃一次,连续一月。各组大鼠分别于试验开始时和结束时留取24h尿量以测量24h尿蛋白定量(磺柳酸法)。
观察指标:包括大鼠饮食量、体毛、大便、精神状态及体重、水肿等情况。
结果:模型对照组大鼠精神较差,食量减少,体重减轻,体毛蓬松,自第三周开始水肿明显。实施例1组和对照例1组大鼠精神较好,食量较多,体重重于模型对照组,水肿较轻,而实施例1组体重、精神、食量、水肿状况好于对照例1组。各组大鼠尿蛋白定量动态变化比较见表1所示。
表1
组别 | 开始时间检测结果 | 结束时间检测结果 |
空白对照组 | 24.27±5.12 | 23.97±6.21 |
模型对照组 | 218.26±47.35 | 367.05±89.33 |
实施例1组 | 221.72±51.73 | 195.83±60.46 |
对照例1组 | 216.94±56.51 | 261.75±70.18 |
结论:动物实验发现,本发明实施例1生产的制剂对小鼠慢性肾炎有较好的治疗作用,效果显著优于对照例1,同时也优于本公司在售虫草芪参胶囊产品(批号Z20000118),提示可进行下一步临床试验研究。
最后,还需要注意的是,以上列举的仅是本发明的若干个具体实施例。显然,本发明不限于以上实施例,还可以有许多变形。本领域的普通技术人员能从本发明公开的内容直接导出或联想到的所有变形,均应认为是本发明的保护范围。
Claims (4)
1.虫草芪参胶囊的生产方法,其包括如下步骤:步骤1)称取原料,步骤2)制备冬虫夏草细粉,步骤3)制备黄芪提取物,步骤4)制备丹参提取物,步骤5)制备红花提取物,步骤6)制备酸枣仁提取物,步骤7)混匀、粉碎以及制粒。
2.根据权利要求1所述的生产方法,其特征在于,所述生产方法包括如下步骤:
步骤1)称取原料:按照重量份称取各原料备用,其中,冬虫夏草80g、黄芪 1200g、丹参600g、红花 600g、酸枣仁320g;
步骤2)制备冬虫夏草细粉:取冬虫夏草,粉碎成细粉;
步骤3)制备黄芪提取物:取黄芪,粉碎,过100目筛,置于容器中,添加两倍重量的85%(v/v)的乙醇,300rpm搅拌提取,提取过程中控制微波功率为500W,提取时间为120min;然后置于4℃放置8h,过滤,滤渣备用;滤液减压蒸发回收乙醇,并浓缩滤液至密度为1.2g/ml的浸膏A;
往上述滤渣中加两倍重量的水,搅拌均匀,然后加入0.5wt%的中性蛋白酶,在37℃酶解120min,然后煮沸3min,然后加入占滤渣两倍重量的无水乙醇,300rpm搅拌10min,然后静置12h,去除上清液,收集沉淀,加水溶解,-20℃放置6h,然后3000rpm离心3min,过滤去除沉淀,将滤液减压浓缩至密度为1.2g/ml的浸膏B;合并浸膏A和浸膏B得到黄芪提取物;
步骤4)制备丹参提取物:取丹参,粉碎,过100目筛,然后铺成3mm厚度的平层,置于紫外线下照射20min,收集粉末置于容器中,添加两倍重量的水,300rpm搅拌提取;过滤,收集滤液,浓缩成1.2g/ml的浸膏,即得丹参提取物;
步骤5)制备红花提取物:取红花,投入超声提取罐,加入三倍重量的75%的乙醇,控制提取温度为50℃,以频率50KHz超声提取30min,过滤,收集滤液,浓缩成1.2g/ml的浸膏,即得红花提取物;
步骤6)制备酸枣仁提取物:取酸枣仁,加水煎煮两次,第一次加8倍重量的水,煎煮2小时,过滤后得到滤液和药渣;往药渣添加5倍重量的水,煎煮1.5小时,过滤得滤液;合并上述两次的滤液,浓缩成密度为1.1g/ml的清膏,冷却,添加乙醇使含醇量达70%,静置24小时,滤过,取上清液,减压回收乙醇,浓缩至密度为1.3g/ml的浸膏,即得酸枣仁提取物;
步骤7)混匀、粉碎以及制粒:将步骤3)所得黄芪提取物,步骤4)所得丹参提取物,步骤5)所得红花提取物,步骤6)所得酸枣仁提取物,混匀,60℃烘干,然后粉碎,加入步骤2)所得细粉,混匀,干燥制成1000粒。
3.根据权利要求2所述的生产方法,其特征在于,所述步骤4)中,所述搅拌提取的参数为:微波功率为700W,提取时间为20min;所述紫外线强度为2000uW/cm2。
4.按照权利要求1-3任其一所述的生产方法生产的胶囊制剂。
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