CN1067198A - 粉末体,切割刀具件及此种刀具件的制造方法 - Google Patents
粉末体,切割刀具件及此种刀具件的制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/28—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
- B23B27/141—Specially shaped plate-like cutting inserts, i.e. length greater or equal to width, width greater than or equal to thickness
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2200/00—Details of cutting inserts
- B23B2200/16—Supporting or bottom surfaces
- B23B2200/161—Supporting or bottom surfaces with projections
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2200/00—Details of cutting inserts
- B23B2200/16—Supporting or bottom surfaces
- B23B2200/165—Supporting or bottom surfaces with one or more grooves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2200/00—Details of cutting inserts
- B23B2200/36—Other features of cutting inserts not covered by B23B2200/04 - B23B2200/32
- B23B2200/3681—Split inserts, i.e. comprising two or more sections roughly equal in size and having similar or dissimilar cutting geometries
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种粉末体,切割刀具件与制造此种
刀具件的方法,此粉末体为一压实的紧致件,包括一
下部面,其上设有分隔一定距离的凹座与凸部,此种
刀具件由两个形状一致的烧结体组成,且在围绕其中
介平面(M)的区域内有内部间隙。制造的方法则包
括将此两个形状一致的粉末体烧结成为一个整体的
步骤。
Description
本发明涉及一种粉末体、切割刀具件及制造此种刀具件的方法。
此种粉末体包括一种粘合料与金属碳化物、金属氮化物或陶瓷材料。该粉末体大致呈圆盘形,包括有上部面、下部面和连接此两面的侧面。此上部面与各侧面相交成锐角。此切割刀具件由硬质材料构成,其中心线基本上垂直于两个相对的平表面。上述刀具件取两个半部结构。制造这种刀具件的方法则包括有:将粉末压实,然后将此压实了的粉末体烧结等步骤。
由于这类刀具件的几何结构复杂,在以前尚未能采用传统的压制设备将其压制成具有双阳型的几何结构,即那种有顶端面与相邻侧面相交成锐角的双面式刀具件。要是将以往所用的双阳型的刀具件直接以传统的压制设备压成,当压制结束后从压制工具撤出粉末体时,就不可能不造成损伤。
法国专利FR-A-1522955描述了将两个由烧结金属粉末制成的部分相组合的一种方法。根据这一方法,此两部分设有相匹配的凸部与凹座,这两部分则压合成一体,使凸部与凹座经塑性变形而联锁到一起。这两部分的形状不一,因而必须采用两种不同类型的压制设备来制造,结果成为一种费时的方法。还由于在进行压制之前需将钎接材料引到这两个部件之间,而进一步耗费了时间。这种方法不能用来在烧结之前组合两种硬质材料的粉末体,因为硬质材料的粉末体本身具有脆性。塑性变形则会使这种材料产生内应力,这种内应力乃是生产烧结碳化物刀具件时所不希望有的,因为它对于烧结碳化物中通常存在的张应力造成小的阻力。
为此,本发明目的之一在于提供一种易于生产的粉末体。
本发明目的之二在于提供一种可用来制造刀具件的坯料。
本发明目的之三在于提供一种本身就具有所需后角的双侧刀具件。
本发明目的之四在于提供一种制造具有复杂几何结构之切割刀具件的简便方法。
以上目地和其他目的,已通过例如下面结合附图所描述的对此种刀具件加工并给出其制法而达到。
下面将结合附图更详细地描述本发明,在附图中:
图1是本发明之粉末体沿图2中Ⅰ-Ⅰ线截取的剖面图:
图2是图1中之粉末体的底视图:
图3是本发明一刀具件的平面图:
图4是此嵌入件的部分剖面的侧视图:
图4A与4B是从图4中截取的放大的横剖面图,而
图5是本发明另一刀具件实施例的横剖面图。
图1与2示明了经压制设备(标明)压实之后但未经烧结时的一种粉末体10。此粉末体由一种粘合料与金属碳化物、金属氮化物或陶瓷材料构成。此粉末体大致呈圆盘形,环形或多角形,包括一上部面11、下部面12和连接此上部面与下部面的至少一个侧面13。此上部面11与各侧面相交,界定出一锐棱角α。此粉末体10有一中心孔14。上部面可包括有直接压制出的卷屑器之类的型面,它的结构形式可自由选择。下部面12基本上是平面,在此图示的例子中,包括一凹座15与一凸部16。另外,可以允许设置一或多个凹座与凸部。凹座15有圆形横剖面,直径从下部面12起至上部面11渐减。凹座的深度d不应超过粉末体厚度t的1/4。当凹座有近似多边形的横剖面时,这时的凸部可具有一与此凹座的这种横剖面互补的横剖面,而其尺寸沿着从下部面12开始的方向渐减。于是,此凸部呈平截头锥体形。此凸部在下部面上方的高度h最大为粉末体厚度t的1/4,同时略小于凹座15的深度d。凸部有平滑的圆角部分,从横剖面上看与下部面平行,当与凹座的对应的横剖面比较,前者的位于一圆周上的直径小于后者。凹座与凸部都位于圆c上,后者的中心与粉末体10的中心CL重合。圆C的半径R最好大于此粉末体的标准化的内接圆之半径。对于具有四个角的例如棱形与正方形的粉末体来说,可以作一与此凸部、凹座及粉末体中心CL相交的直线L:而对于具有三角形基本形式的粉末体,这样的直线L就不会通过此粉末体的中心CL。
粉末体可按以下两种方式作进一步处理。此粉末体可经烧结,使之适合与设有对应的但左角度上隔180°的凹座与凸部的垫板,一起进行切削成形机加工:或者可使此粉末体与一形状相同的第二粉末体组合,然后一起烧结。
制造本发明之刀具件20的方法是依下述方式进行,具体参看图1至4B。于常规的压制设备的压实腔中充以粉末。此种常规的压制设备只用于压制阴型或只压制阳型。压制设备的凸模与凹模具有一定的型面,它们与所需的型面成相反关系,相互对向放置,使粉末压实或致密化。由此种粉末构成的具有所需结构的脆性体10,可依常规方式从压紧腔中取出。此压制过程长约数秒,重复几次以制得两个一致的粉末体。这两个粉末体10的下部面12取相互对向关系,其中一个粉末体在此下部面的平面内相对另一粉末体作180°角的转动,使凹座15与凸部16相互成直线式定向。然后使这两个粉末体相互移到一起,使此凸部接纳于凹座中,这里只是在各粉末体的较少部分上作接触,亦即在凹座的壁与凸部的角之间形成了线性接触。当前述的下部面这样相互地接触后,便将此密接的成套部件置入炉内加热至烧结温度使发生烧结,即这两个粉末体的下部面以及凸部与对应的凹座成为冶金式的接合。这种方法能够生产出具有紧固孔的阴型刀具件,此种孔的横剖面直径在朝向上、下两部面的方向上渐减,同时能在这种刀具件内部沿其居中的平面内形成一通道系统。
图3至4B表明了本发明的一种已完全烧结成的刀具件20。此刀具件20包括两个业已组合且烧结到一起的一致的粉末体。此种刀具件具有双阳型的形状,就是说它的上部面21与下部面22与侧面23相交成一锐角α。此侧面23可以是平面状的或非平面状的。于是,这种刀具件是由主要沿着它居中的中央平面M相互作冶金式连接的两个一致的半部构成。由于凸部16的高h约较凹座15的深度小0.1mm,因而在此凸部与凹座间留剩有间隙24。这一间隙24的存在有助于烧结过程中使上述两个半部的下部面之间形成精确的平面触合。间隙24可经一通道与侧面23通连,而这一通道是用来置纳微型电子电路之类的传感器件,以便测量机械的和/或热应力。另一种方式是可在中介平面M设置包围住这类传感器的特殊的孔洞。另外,结合粉末体的压实过程可在粉末体10内设置缝隙,而得以简便地于此中介平面M输送冷却介质。此种刀具件对称地围绕其中心轴CL有一中央孔25,此种孔在凸向中介平面M的方向上的横剖面面积逐渐减小。这种孔也可如同5所示那样,在凹向中介平面M的方向上具有渐增的直径。
据此,本发明提供了一种烧结的粉末体和切割刀具件及其制造方法,这种粉末体当与另一类似的粉末体相组合并烧结到一起时,能够用于切削成形的机加工,这种刀具件能够采用双阳型的几何结构,因而这种方法也能够利用新型的孔并于其中置纳下测量用传感器件。
Claims (5)
1、由一种粘合料和至少一种金属碳化物、金属氮化物或陶瓷材料组成的粉末体,此种粉末体大致呈圆盘形,包括一上部面(11)、下部面(12)与连接此上部面与下部面的至少一个侧面(13),上部面与侧面(13)相交成一锐角α,特征在于:下部面(12)包括有至少一个凹座(15)与一凸部(16),它们相分离地位于一设想的圆上,此圆的中心与所说粉末体的中心(CL)重合。
2、如权利要求1所述的粉末体,特征在于:所说凹座(15)与凸部(16)在平行于下部面(12)的横剖面图上具有不同的形式,而此凹座与凸部的横剖面大小沿着朝向上部面(11)的方向,分别渐减与渐增。
3、如权利要求1所述的粉末体,特征在于:所说凹座(15)与凸部(16)在平行于下部面(12)的横剖面图具有相同的或互补的形状,而且在朝向上部面(11)的方向上,凹座的横剖面大小渐减,凸部的横剖面大小渐增。
4、如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的粉末体,特征在于:凹座(15)、凸部(16)与粉末体(10)的中心(CL)是位于一条公共的设想的直线(L)上。
5、如权利要求(1)或(2)所述的粉末体,特征在于:凹座(15)具有圆形的横剖面以及一个相对于粉末体之下部面(12)的深度(d),而凸部(16)则具有平截头锥体的形状以及相对于此下部面的一个高度(h),其间的关系是,此深度(d)大于高度(h)。
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SE8803769A SE467649B (sv) | 1988-10-21 | 1988-10-21 | Sintrat dubbelpositivt skaer bestaaende av tvaa identiska pulverkroppar, samt metod foer tillverkning av skaeret |
SE8803769-2 | 1988-10-21 | ||
CN89108032A CN1019555B (zh) | 1988-10-21 | 1989-10-20 | 切削刀具件及该刀具件的制造方法 |
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CN89108032A Division CN1019555B (zh) | 1988-10-21 | 1989-10-20 | 切削刀具件及该刀具件的制造方法 |
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CN89108032A Expired CN1019555B (zh) | 1988-10-21 | 1989-10-20 | 切削刀具件及该刀具件的制造方法 |
CN92101788A Pending CN1067198A (zh) | 1988-10-21 | 1992-03-16 | 粉末体,切割刀具件及此种刀具件的制造方法 |
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CN89108032A Expired CN1019555B (zh) | 1988-10-21 | 1989-10-20 | 切削刀具件及该刀具件的制造方法 |
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EP (1) | EP0365505B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2806994B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR0166058B1 (zh) |
CN (2) | CN1019555B (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE105219T1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE68915114T2 (zh) |
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DE102012001732B4 (de) | 2012-01-31 | 2022-11-10 | Kennametal Inc. | Werkzeugkopf für ein modulares Schaftwerkzeug, Schaftwerkzeug mit einem solchen Werkzeugkopf sowie Herstellungsverfahren für einen Werkzeugkopf |
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JP2014121772A (ja) * | 2012-11-22 | 2014-07-03 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | 切削インサート及びその製造方法 |
JP6264833B2 (ja) * | 2012-11-22 | 2018-01-24 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 切削インサート及びその製造方法 |
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US9421611B2 (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2016-08-23 | Kennametal Inc. | Composite cutting insert and method of making same |
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US10406611B1 (en) | 2018-03-28 | 2019-09-10 | Iscar, Ltd. | Cutting tool and cutting insert having complementary engagement features for eccentric mounting |
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1989
- 1989-10-13 AT AT8989850350T patent/ATE105219T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-10-13 EP EP89850350A patent/EP0365505B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-10-13 ES ES89850350T patent/ES2052068T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-10-13 DE DE68915114T patent/DE68915114T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-10-19 KR KR1019890015030A patent/KR0166058B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-10-20 CN CN89108032A patent/CN1019555B/zh not_active Expired
- 1989-10-21 JP JP1272792A patent/JP2806994B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-10-23 US US07/425,237 patent/US5275633A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1992
- 1992-03-16 CN CN92101788A patent/CN1067198A/zh active Pending
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101160189A (zh) * | 2005-06-02 | 2008-04-09 | 钴碳化钨硬质合金维迪亚产品有限公司及两合公司 | 切削嵌件、特别是用于曲轴加工 |
CN101160189B (zh) * | 2005-06-02 | 2015-04-22 | 钴碳化钨硬质合金维迪亚产品有限公司及两合公司 | 组合刀具 |
CN105705279A (zh) * | 2013-09-23 | 2016-06-22 | 吉凯恩粉末冶金工程有限公司 | 制造具有精确高度模塑的零件高度的熔结零件的方法和熔结接合零件的零件组 |
CN105705279B (zh) * | 2013-09-23 | 2018-07-10 | 吉凯恩粉末冶金工程有限公司 | 制造具有精确高度模塑的零件高度的熔结零件的方法和熔结接合零件的零件组 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR900006067A (ko) | 1990-05-07 |
JPH02237701A (ja) | 1990-09-20 |
JP2806994B2 (ja) | 1998-09-30 |
DE68915114T2 (de) | 1994-08-18 |
ATE105219T1 (de) | 1994-05-15 |
EP0365505B1 (en) | 1994-05-04 |
CN1019555B (zh) | 1992-12-23 |
US5275633A (en) | 1994-01-04 |
DE68915114D1 (de) | 1994-06-09 |
KR0166058B1 (ko) | 1999-03-20 |
ES2052068T3 (es) | 1994-07-01 |
SE8803769L (sv) | 1990-04-22 |
EP0365505A1 (en) | 1990-04-25 |
SE467649B (sv) | 1992-08-24 |
SE8803769D0 (sv) | 1988-10-21 |
CN1042855A (zh) | 1990-06-13 |
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