CN106711420A - 一种锂电池钛酸锂复合负极材料的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种锂电池钛酸锂复合负极材料的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 134
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 6
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- VEPSWGHMGZQCIN-UHFFFAOYSA-H ferric oxalate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O VEPSWGHMGZQCIN-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 8
- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- LCKIEQZJEYYRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium ion Chemical compound [Ti+4] LCKIEQZJEYYRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 iron ion Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical class [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- YNQRWVCLAIUHHI-UHFFFAOYSA-L dilithium;oxalate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O YNQRWVCLAIUHHI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 4
- PVFSDGKDKFSOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+);triacetate Chemical compound [Fe+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O PVFSDGKDKFSOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium acetate Chemical compound [Li+].CC([O-])=O XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- DQMUQFUTDWISTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.[O-2].[Fe+2].[Fe+2].[O-2] Chemical compound O.[O-2].[Fe+2].[Fe+2].[O-2] DQMUQFUTDWISTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000967 As alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000248349 Citrus limon Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005979 Citrus limon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IYHRTBGVUHKQKG-UHFFFAOYSA-M [Li+].[O-2].[O-2].[OH-].[Fe+2].[Fe+2] Chemical compound [Li+].[O-2].[O-2].[OH-].[Fe+2].[Fe+2] IYHRTBGVUHKQKG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005049 combustion synthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种锂电池钛酸锂复合负极材料的制备方法,属于锂离子电池负极材料技术领域。首先制备钛酸锂前驱体,再将可溶性铁盐加入混有钛酸锂前驱体的草酸中,通过沉淀法制备得到草酸铁与钛酸锂前驱体的悬浊液,最后将混合粉体进行高温处理,获得钛酸锂与氧化铁复合的负极材料。本发明所制备的钛酸锂复合负极材料兼备钛酸锂材料的快充性能以及氧化铁的高比容量性能,且成本低廉,工艺简单,易于产业化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种锂离子电池材料的制备方法。具体的,本发明涉及一种锂电池钛酸锂复合负极材料的制备方法,属于锂离子电池负极材料技术领域。
背景技术
近年来,我国电动车行业进入高速发展期,特别是锂离子电池动力汽车。锂离子动力电池由四部分主要部件构成,分别是正极、负极、隔膜及电解液。钛酸锂作为合金类负极材料,是面心立方尖晶石结构,其充放电时的锂离子嵌入和脱嵌对钛酸锂材料的结构几乎没有影响,因此钛酸锂的晶型结构几乎没有发生变化,这种现象被称为“零应变”,因此钛酸锂也被称为“零应变材料”。这种特质能够避免充放电过程中由于材料的伸缩变化而导致结构发生变化,从而提高电极的性能和减少比容量的大幅度衰减,延长了电池的使用寿命。
但钛酸锂理论比容量仅为175mAh/g,且相对Li+/Li的电位为1.5V,使得其单位质量的能量密度较低,所以对钛酸锂材料进行改性使用是目前钛酸锂研究的一个重要方向。使用更高比容量的材料与钛酸锂进行复合制备,提高其单位质量的能量密度是一种较为常见的方法。过渡元素氧化物在研究中作为负极材料体现出了较高的比容量密度,比如氧化铁,其理论比容量超过了1000mAh/g,是比较有前途的负极材料,但由于其电导率很低,在充放电中脱嵌锂能力很弱,严重制约了材料的使用。因此,钛酸锂的快速充电性能和氧化铁的高比容量搭配也成为了众多钛酸锂改性研究的一种。
中国专利申请号201310348537.2,发明名称《一种钛酸锂/三氧化二铁复合锂离子电池负极材料及其制备方法》的发明专利,该发明公开了一种钛酸锂/三氧化二铁复合锂离子电池负极材料及其制备方法。通过两步燃烧法合成,首先制备出三氧化二铁粉末,再在钛酸锂制备步骤中加入并进行复合,制备出钛酸锂/三氧化二铁复合锂离子电池负极材料,其中三氧化二铁所占的质量百分数为1%~20%,均匀分布于钛酸锂基体。该发明使用燃烧剂加入材料中混合,在高温炉中进行燃烧反应,该发明的不足在于:燃烧反应属于剧烈反应,在实际操作及规模生产中存在安全隐患,并且燃烧反应不易于控制,导致杂质产生。
中国专利申请号201310615723.8,发明名称《一种钛酸锂包覆三氧化二铁锂离子电池负极材料的制备方法》的发明专利,该发明利用凝胶溶胶法先制备出二氧化钛包覆三氧化二铁的中间产物,然后将这种中间产物在锂碱性水溶液中水热条件下转化成钛酸锂包覆三氧化二铁的产物。该发明的不足在于:使用溶胶凝胶法制备碳酸锂包覆三氧化二铁,该方法不易于放大产能,适合于科研目标,但在工业生产中受产能和成本限制。
发明内容
本发明旨在解决钛酸锂材料单位质量的能量密度低的问题,通过加入氧化铁材料提高复合负极材料单位比容量,达到提高负极材料单位质量的能量密度的目的。本发明工艺上采用固相烧结法,与本领域技术人员所公知的钛酸锂制备工艺相通,可以有效控制工艺成本,同时降低复合制备工艺难度,易于工业应用。
为实现上述发明目标,其具体技术方案如下:
A、按锂离子与钛离子摩尔比为1:1~1.2的比例称取锂源和钛源,将锂源与钛源置入球磨搅拌罐中,加入去离子水为助磨剂。经球磨搅拌均匀后,将浆料置入干燥炉中加热干燥,蒸发掉浆料中水分,获得锂/钛混合粉体。
B、将干燥后的锂/钛混合粉体粉碎后放入高温烧结炉,按1~10℃/min的升温速度,升温至400-600℃,保持4~12h,获得钛酸锂前驱体材料。
C、按铁离子与钛酸锂摩尔比为1:4~20的比例称取可溶性铁盐和钛酸锂前驱体,将可溶性铁盐与钛酸锂前驱体置入搅拌罐中,按固液比为1:10~100的比例加入去离子水,搅拌至铁盐溶解。
D、配置浓度为1~20%的草酸溶液,按铁盐与草酸溶液摩尔比为1:5~20的比例将草酸溶液缓慢加入步骤C搅拌罐中,沉淀获得草酸铁,保持搅拌使钛酸锂/草酸铁悬浊液陈化6~12h。搅拌完毕后使用去离子水将悬浊液洗涤、过滤后置入干燥炉中加热干燥,获得钛酸锂/草酸铁混合粉体。
E、将干燥后的钛酸锂/草酸铁混合粉体粉碎后放入高温烧结炉,按1~10℃/min的升温速度,升温至700~900℃,保持4~12h,获得钛酸锂/氧化铁复合负极材料。
优选的,步骤A中所述锂源包括碳酸锂、氢氧化锂、草酸锂、醋酸锂中的一种或者几种的任意比例混合物。
优选的,步骤A中所述钛源包括金红石型二氧化钛、锐钛矿型二氧化钛中的一种或者几种的任意比例混合物。
优选的,步骤C中所述可溶性铁盐包括氯化铁、硫酸铁、硝酸铁、醋酸铁、柠檬酸铁中的一种或者几种的任意比例混合物。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有以下优点及有益效果:
1本发明所制备的复合负极材料,兼备钛酸锂材料的快充性能以及氧化铁的高比容量性能,采用3C充电、1C放电的充放电模式对材料进行充放电,首次充放电容量最高可达250mAh/g,循环10次以后充放电容量仍最高可达170mAh/g。
2本发明所使用的原料来源广泛,成本低廉,原材料均为市面上所易于获取、于本领域技术人员所公知的材料,在普通钛酸锂生产基础上成本提高较少,所制备的材料效果提升明显,性价比更高。
3本发明所使用的制备工艺于本领域技术人员所公知普通钛酸锂制备工艺基础上改进而成,其工艺易于产业化,其中草酸锂使用沉淀制备而成,与钛酸锂共同搅拌,复合材料混合更均匀,在后续制备中结合更紧致,效果更好。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明,本发明的实施方式包括但不限于下列实施例。
实施例1
一种锂电池钛酸锂复合负极材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A、按锂离子与钛离子摩尔比为1:1的比例称取碳酸锂和金红石型二氧化钛,置入球磨罐中,加入去离子水为助磨剂,经混合均匀后烘干,获得锂/钛混合粉体;
B、将干燥后的锂/钛混合粉体粉碎后放入高温烧结炉,按1℃/min的升温速度,升温至400℃,保持4h,获得钛酸锂前驱体材料;
C、按铁离子与钛酸锂摩尔比为1:4的比例称取氯化铁和钛酸锂前驱体,将氯化铁与钛酸锂前驱体置入搅拌罐中,按固液比为1:10的比例加入去离子水,搅拌至铁盐溶解;
D、配置浓度为1%的草酸溶液,按铁盐与草酸溶液摩尔比为1:5的比例将草酸溶液缓慢加入步骤C搅拌罐中,沉淀获得草酸铁,保持搅拌使钛酸锂/草酸铁悬浊液陈化6h;搅拌完毕后使用去离子水将悬浊液洗涤、过滤后置入干燥炉中加热干燥,获得钛酸锂/草酸铁混合粉体;
E、将干燥后的钛酸锂/草酸铁混合粉体粉碎后放入高温烧结炉,按1℃/min的升温速度,升温至700℃,保持4h,获得钛酸锂/氧化铁复合负极材料1#。
实施例2
一种锂电池钛酸锂复合负极材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A、按锂离子与钛离子摩尔比为1:1.1的比例称取氢氧化锂和钙钛矿型二氧化钛,置入球磨罐中,加入去离子水为助磨剂,经混合均匀后烘干,获得锂/钛混合粉体;
B、将干燥后的锂/钛混合粉体粉碎后放入高温烧结炉,按4℃/min的升温速度,升温至450℃,保持8h,获得钛酸锂前驱体材料;
C、按铁离子与钛酸锂摩尔比为1:15的比例称取硫酸铁、硝酸铁和钛酸锂前驱体,将硫酸铁、硝酸铁与钛酸锂前驱体置入搅拌罐中,按固液比为1:60的比例加入去离子水,搅拌至铁盐溶解;
D、配置浓度为5%的草酸溶液,按铁盐与草酸溶液摩尔比为1:15的比例将草酸溶液缓慢加入步骤C搅拌罐中,沉淀获得草酸铁,保持搅拌使钛酸锂/草酸铁悬浊液陈化7h;搅拌完毕后使用去离子水将悬浊液洗涤、过滤后置入干燥炉中加热干燥,获得钛酸锂/草酸铁混合粉体;
E、将干燥后的钛酸锂/草酸铁混合粉体粉碎后放入高温烧结炉,按2℃/min的升温速度,升温至850℃,保持6h,获得钛酸锂/氧化铁复合负极材料2#。
实施例3
一种锂电池钛酸锂复合负极材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A、按锂离子与钛离子摩尔比为1:1.08的比例称取草酸锂和钙钛矿型二氧化钛,置入球磨罐中,加入去离子水为助磨剂,经混合均匀后烘干,获得锂/钛混合粉体;
B、将干燥后的锂/钛混合粉体粉碎后放入高温烧结炉,按5℃/min的升温速度,升温至550℃,保持12h,获得钛酸锂前驱体材料;
C、按铁离子与钛酸锂摩尔比为1:10的比例称取醋酸铁和钛酸锂前驱体,将醋酸铁与钛酸锂前驱体置入搅拌罐中,按固液比为1:50的比例加入去离子水,搅拌至铁盐溶解;
D、配置浓度为10%的草酸溶液,按铁盐与草酸溶液摩尔比为1:20的比例将草酸溶液缓慢加入步骤C搅拌罐中,沉淀获得草酸铁,保持搅拌使钛酸锂/草酸铁悬浊液陈化9h;搅拌完毕后使用去离子水将悬浊液洗涤、过滤后置入干燥炉中加热干燥,获得钛酸锂/草酸铁混合粉体;
E、将干燥后的钛酸锂/草酸铁混合粉体粉碎后放入高温烧结炉,按8℃/min的升温速度,升温至800℃,保持6h,获得钛酸锂/氧化铁复合负极材料3#。
实施例4
一种锂电池钛酸锂复合负极材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A、按锂离子与钛离子摩尔比为1:1.2的比例称取醋酸锂和钙钛矿型二氧化钛,置入球磨罐中,加入去离子水为助磨剂,经混合均匀后烘干,获得锂/钛混合粉体;
B、将干燥后的锂/钛混合粉体粉碎后放入高温烧结炉,按10℃/min的升温速度,升温至6000℃,保持12h,获得钛酸锂前驱体材料;
C、按铁离子与钛酸锂摩尔比为1:20的比例称取柠檬酸铁和钛酸锂前驱体,将柠檬酸铁与钛酸锂前驱体置入搅拌罐中,按固液比为1:100的比例加入去离子水,搅拌至铁盐溶解;
D、配置浓度为20%的草酸溶液,按铁盐与草酸溶液摩尔比为1:20的比例将草酸溶液缓慢加入步骤C搅拌罐中,沉淀获得草酸铁,保持搅拌使钛酸锂/草酸铁悬浊液陈化12h;搅拌完毕后使用去离子水将悬浊液洗涤、过滤后置入干燥炉中加热干燥,获得钛酸锂/草酸铁混合粉体;
E、将干燥后的钛酸锂/草酸铁混合粉体粉碎后放入高温烧结炉,按10℃/min的升温速度,升温至900℃,保持12h,获得钛酸锂/氧化铁复合负极材料4#。
实施例5
将实施例1中钛酸锂/氧化铁复合负极材料1#组装成电池测试其比容量。测试电池正极为1#材料,负极为金属锂。该材料对金属锂的电位为1.5V,采用3C充电、1C放电的充放电模式对材料进行充放电,首次充放电容量可达240mAh/g,循环10次以后充放电容量仍可达168mAh/g。
实施例6
将实施例2中钛酸锂/氧化铁复合负极材料2#组装成电池测试其比容量。测试电池正极为2#材料,负极为金属锂。该材料对金属锂的电位为1.5V,采用3C充电、1C放电的充放电模式对材料进行充放电,首次充放电容量可达248mAh/g,循环10次以后充放电容量仍可达165mAh/g。
实施例7
将实施例3中钛酸锂/氧化铁复合负极材料3#组装成电池测试其比容量。测试电池正极为3#材料,负极为金属锂。该材料对金属锂的电位为1.5V,采用3C充电、1C放电的充放电模式对材料进行充放电,首次充放电容量可达250mAh/g,循环10次以后充放电容量仍可达166mAh/g。
实施例8
将实施例4中钛酸锂/氧化铁复合负极材料4#组装成电池测试其比容量。测试电池正极为4#材料,负极为金属锂。该材料对金属锂的电位为1.5V,采用3C充电、1C放电的充放电模式对材料进行充放电,首次充放电容量可达245mAh/g,循环10次以后充放电容量仍可达170mAh/g。
按照上述实施例,便可很好地实现本发明。
Claims (4)
1.一种锂电池钛酸锂复合负极材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下工艺步骤:
A、按锂离子与钛离子摩尔比为1:1~1.2的比例称取锂源和钛源,将锂源与钛源置入球磨搅拌罐中,加入去离子水为助磨剂;经球磨搅拌均匀后,将浆料置入干燥炉中加热干燥,蒸发掉浆料中水分,获得锂/钛混合粉体;
B、将干燥后的锂/钛混合粉体粉碎后放入高温烧结炉,按1~10℃/min的升温速度,升温至400-600℃,保持4~12h,获得钛酸锂前驱体材料;
C、按铁离子与钛酸锂摩尔比为1:4~20的比例称取可溶性铁盐和钛酸锂前驱体,将可溶性铁盐与钛酸锂前驱体置入搅拌罐中,按固液比为1:10~100的比例加入去离子水,搅拌至铁盐溶解;
D、配置浓度为1~20%的草酸溶液,按铁盐与草酸溶液摩尔比为1:5~20的比例将草酸溶液缓慢加入步骤C搅拌罐中,沉淀获得草酸铁,保持搅拌使钛酸锂/草酸铁悬浊液陈化6~12h;搅拌完毕后使用去离子水将悬浊液洗涤、过滤后置入干燥炉中加热干燥,获得钛酸锂/草酸铁混合粉体;
E、将干燥后的钛酸锂/草酸铁混合粉体粉碎后放入高温烧结炉,按1~10℃/min的升温速度,升温至700~900℃,保持4~12h,获得钛酸锂/氧化铁复合负极材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种锂电池钛酸锂复合负极材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤A中所述锂源包括碳酸锂、氢氧化锂、草酸锂、醋酸锂中的一种或者几种的任意比例混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种锂电池钛酸锂复合负极材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤A中所述钛源包括金红石型二氧化钛、锐钛矿型二氧化钛中的一种或者几种的任意比例混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种锂电池钛酸锂复合负极材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤C中所述可溶性铁盐包括氯化铁、硫酸铁、硝酸铁、醋酸铁、柠檬酸铁中的一种或者几种的任意比例混合物。
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CN109301236A (zh) * | 2018-08-17 | 2019-02-01 | 中北润良新能源汽车(徐州)股份有限公司 | 一种提高1.55v钛酸锂电池容量的固相反应法 |
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