CN106696671B - 带有紧凑传动系统的混合动力车辆 - Google Patents

带有紧凑传动系统的混合动力车辆 Download PDF

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CN106696671B
CN106696671B CN201610601942.4A CN201610601942A CN106696671B CN 106696671 B CN106696671 B CN 106696671B CN 201610601942 A CN201610601942 A CN 201610601942A CN 106696671 B CN106696671 B CN 106696671B
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hybrid vehicle
combustion engine
internal combustion
transmission
vehicle according
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CN106696671A (zh
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J·福塞尔
M·约根松
T·斯托尔福什
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Volvo Car Corp
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Volvo Car Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/30—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by chargeable mechanical accumulators, e.g. flywheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/02—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of clutch
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/08—Prime-movers comprising combustion engines and mechanical or fluid energy storing means
    • B60K6/10—Prime-movers comprising combustion engines and mechanical or fluid energy storing means by means of a chargeable mechanical accumulator, e.g. flywheel
    • B60K6/105—Prime-movers comprising combustion engines and mechanical or fluid energy storing means by means of a chargeable mechanical accumulator, e.g. flywheel the accumulator being a flywheel
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/28—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the electric energy storing means, e.g. batteries or capacitors
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
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    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
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Abstract

本发明涉及混合动力车辆，其包括：内燃发动机；变速装置；旋转连接于变速装置的至少一个驱动轮；设置在内燃发动机与变速装置之间的耦接设备，其可被控制在其中内燃发动机的驱动轴旋转连接于变速装置的第一状态与其中内燃发动机的驱动轴与变速装置旋转分离的第二状态之间。该混合动力车辆还包括：能量回收装置，其具有经由柔性驱动构件旋转连接于耦接设备的轴，以将能量回收装置的轴旋转连接至变速装置以便能够回收和存储从至少一个驱动轮的减速回收的能量；传感器，用于感测指示至少一个驱动轮的期望减速的参数值；以及连接于传感器和耦接设备的控制单元，用于当所感测的参数值指示混合动力车辆的期望减速时控制耦接设备为第二状态。

Description

带有紧凑传动系统的混合动力车辆
技术领域
本发明涉及一种带有经由变速装置连接于至少一个驱动轮的能量回收装置的混合动力车辆。
背景技术
使用内燃发动机(ICE)、辅助驱动源和贮能单元的组合的混合动力车辆变得越来越普遍，因为它们更有效地利用能量。特别地，内燃发动机能间歇性地和/或工况良好地操作，并且制动能量可被回收和存储以备随后使用。制动能量能通过能量回收装置被回收和存储。
为了有效地回收制动能量，期望将制动能量基本上仅传递至能量回收装置而非使用制动能量旋转内燃发动机。另一方面，至少对于平行混合型的混合动力车辆来说，内燃发动机需要能够通过变速装置驱动驱动轮。
此外，期望保持车辆设计的灵活性(例如对于变速装置、内燃发动机和能量回收装置等等的类型而言)，同时仍然满足现代汽车的经常非常严格的空间限制。
因此混合动力车辆需要非常紧凑的方案，使得内燃发动机与变速装置之间能够以可控转矩传动从而在减速期间变速装置能够驱动能量回收装置，并且在加速期间内燃发动机以及能量回收装置能够驱动变速装置。
发明内容
有鉴于现有技术的上述和其它缺陷，本发明的一个目的是提供一种具有非常紧凑的方案的混合动力车辆，使得内燃发动机与变速装置之间能够以可控转矩传动从而在减速期间变速装置能够驱动能量回收装置，并且在加速期间内燃发动机和能量回收装置能够驱动变速装置。
根据本发明，因此提供了一种混合动力车辆，包括：可操作以旋转内燃发动机的驱动轴的内燃发动机；变速装置；旋转连接于变速装置的至少一个驱动轮；耦接设备，其设置在所述内燃发动机与所述变速装置之间用于将所述内燃发动机的驱动轴与所述变速装置可控地旋转连接以经由所述变速装置提供转矩至所述至少一个驱动轮，所述耦接设备可被控制在其中所述内燃发动机的所述驱动轴旋转连接于所述变速装置的第一状态与其中所述内燃发动机的所述驱动轴与所述变速装置旋转分离的第二状态之间；以及具有经由柔性驱动构件旋转连接于耦接设备的轴的能量回收装置，用于允许从至少一个驱动轮的减速回收的能量的回收和存储。
在耦接设备的第二状态(以及第一状态)中，能量回收装置的轴经由耦接设备连接于变速装置。因此，能量回收装置可被控制以在加速或滑行(coasting)期间将能量供至至少一个驱动轮，并且在混合动力车辆的减速期间可回收和存储制动能量。
变速装置可以是用于将转矩从内燃发动机传递至驱动轮的任何种类的变速装置，例如手动或自动齿轮箱或无级变速器。
根据实施例，本发明的混合动力车辆可进一步包括：传感器，其用于感测指示至少一个驱动轮的期望减速的参数值；以及连接于所述传感器且连接于耦接设备的控制单元，用于当所感测的参数值指示混合动力车辆的期望减速时将耦接设备控制为第二状态。
指示驱动轮的期望减速的参数值可以是指示使用者释放加速器的控制信号的值或指示巡航控制系统发出从内燃发动机降低动力输出的信号的控制信号的值。
本发明基于这样的认识：通过在内燃发动机与变速装置之间提供可控的耦接设备并且使用柔性驱动构件(例如带或链条)连接耦接设备与能量回收装置，能获得紧凑和柔性传动系统(driveline)的方案与制动能量的能量高效回收的结合。这样，当制动能量被回收和存储在能量回收装置内时内燃发动机能与变速装置分离，并且能量回收装置能被设置为“离轴(off-axis)”使得内燃发动机-变速装置总成的长度增加可被保持为最小。
因此，本发明的实施例提供了更紧凑的制动能量回收方案，特别是沿驱动轴的方向，其又提供了混合动力车辆构造的增加的灵活性。
虽然用柔性构件驱动能量回收装置本身提供了更紧凑的方案，将耦接设备设计为沿径向而非沿其轴向延伸，这就提供了沿内燃发动机-变速箱总成的关键长度方向的进一步空间节省。
根据本发明的实施例，耦接设备因此可包括能绕旋转轴线旋转且连接于所述内燃发动机的驱动轴的第一可旋转构件，所述第一可旋转构件包括第一摩擦离合器构件；能绕所述旋转轴线旋转且经由所述柔性驱动构件连接于所述变速装置和所述能量回收装置的第二可旋转构件，所述第二可旋转构件包括第二摩擦离合器构件；固定构件；设置在第一可旋转构件与第二可旋转构件之间以允许第一可旋转构件与第二可旋转构件之间相对旋转的第一轴承；位于所述第一可旋转构件和所述第二可旋转构件之一与所述固定构件之间以允许所述第一可旋转构件和所述第二可旋转构件中每个与所述固定构件之间相对旋转的第二轴承；以及致动器，可被控制为从第二摩擦离合器构件释放第一摩擦离合器构件以允许第二可旋转构件相对第一可旋转构件旋转，藉此将耦接设备从第一状态转换为第二状态，其中第一轴承、第二轴承和第一和第二摩擦离合器构件同心设置。
通过第一轴承和第二轴承以及第一和第二摩擦离合器构件的同心设置，耦接设备的轴向尺寸能实质上被减少，有助于期望的紧凑和柔性内燃发动机-变速箱总成。
特别地，所述第一轴承、所述第二轴承以及所述第一和第二摩擦离合器构件可在垂直于所述旋转轴线的平面内彼此径向向外地设置。
此外，根据各种实施例，所述第一轴承可被设置为比第二轴承距旋转轴线更近，并且第二轴承可被设置为比第一和第二摩擦离合器构件距旋转轴线更近。
为了进一步提供期望的紧凑方案，同时仍然提供内燃发动机与变速装置的有效连接和分离，第一可旋转构件可包括连接于内燃发动机驱动轴的主飞轮；包括第一摩擦离合器构件的副飞轮；以及连接主飞轮与副飞轮的至少一个周缘弹簧。
通过使用所谓的双质量飞轮作为第一可旋转构件，内燃发动机为第一摩擦离合器构件提供的转矩函数(相对于时间)是平滑的从而转矩变化变得不那么突然。这就要求使用更紧凑的摩擦离合器构件和致动器，这又提供了更紧凑和/或经久耐用的耦接设备。
根据实施例，主飞轮可包括径向面对的第一细长形凹陷；副飞轮可包括与第一细长形凹陷相对的第二细长形凹陷；并且球可容纳于第一细长形凹陷和第二细长形凹陷内用于限制副飞轮相对于主飞轮的轴向运动。
藉此，当操作耦接设备(致动器从第二摩擦离合器构件释放第一摩擦离合器构件)时可防止主飞轮构件与第二飞轮构件之间不期望的相对轴向运动。此外，能以非常紧凑的方式获得该效果。
有利地，主飞轮可包括多个径向面对的第一细长形凹陷；副飞轮可包括多个第二细长形凹陷，每个第二细长形凹陷都与相应的一个第一细长形凹陷相对；并且球可容纳于其中一个所述第一细长形凹陷和相应的一个所述第二细长形凹陷内以限制副飞轮相对于主飞轮的相对轴向运动。
概括地说，根据各种实施例，本发明涉及一种混合动力车辆，包括内燃发动机；变速装置；旋转连接于变速装置的至少一个驱动轮；设置在所述内燃发动机与所述变速装置之间的耦接设备，所述耦接设备可被控制在其中所述内燃发动机的所述驱动轴旋转连接于所述变速装置的第一状态与其中所述内燃发动机的所述驱动轴与所述变速装置旋转分离的第二状态之间。混合动力车辆进一步包括经由柔性驱动构件连接于耦接设备的能量回收装置，用于允许从至少一个驱动轮的减速回收能量的回收和存储；用于感测指示期望减速的参数值的传感器；以及控制单元，用于当感测的参数值指示混合动力车辆的期望减速时将耦接设备控制为第二状态。
附图说明
现在参照示出本发明示例实施例的附图更详细地描述本发明的这些及其它方面，其中：
图1示意性地示出根据本发明一个示例实施例的混合动力车辆；
图2是包括在图1中混合动力车辆内的耦接设备和能量回收装置的透视图；以及
图3是图2中耦接设备的截面图。
具体实施方式
图1示意性地示出形为汽车1的混合动力车辆，其具有用虚线表示的非常示意性的传动系统2以示出现代汽车本体内有限的可用横向空间。
如图1所示，传动系统2包括内燃发动机(ICE)3、变速装置4、驱动轮5a-b、耦接设备7和能量回收装置8。
耦接设备7设置在内燃发动机3与变速装置4之间用于可控地旋转连接内燃发动机3的驱动轴(图1未示出)与变速装置4，藉此从内燃发动机3传送转矩至驱动轮5a-b。
下面将参照图2和图3详细地描述，能量回收装置8经由柔性驱动构件(图1未示出)可旋转地连接于耦接装置7以使得能量回收装置8能够经由变速装置4驱动驱动轮5a-b，并且当期望降低汽车1的速度时使得能量回收装置8有助于放慢驱动轮5a-b以回收制动能量。
本领域技术人员可知，能量回收装置可包括飞轮和/或发电机，并且回收的能量可被存储在飞轮的旋转中和/或存储为在电能存储装置(例如电池或超级电容器)中的电能。
再次参照图1，汽车1额外地包括控制单元10，控制单元10连接于耦接设备7且连接于用于感测指示汽车1期望减速的参数的传感器。在图1所示的示例情形下，传感器示意性地被示出为感测油门踏板11的位置。当驾驶员把她的/他的脚从油门踏板11移走时，这是一个表示期望减速的指示。明显地，还有很多其它可指示期望减速的参数，例如操作制动踏板、来自巡航控制系统的控制信号等等。
为了提供新汽车模型的合理研发和模型方案中的多样性，期望能够在车身设计赋予的约束之内结合不同的内燃发动机3和变速装置4。为此，非常期望提供在横向上与内燃发动机-变速设备的最小延伸选择性可接合的能量回收装置。这可通过此处描述的本发明实施例实现。
现在参照图2，通过将能量回收装置8的轴13经由柔性驱动构件(此处示出为带14)旋转连接至耦接设备7来实现内燃发动机-传动设备的横向上的上述期望最小延伸。应注意到，柔性驱动构件可选地为链条的形式。
下面将参照图3更详细描述耦接设备7，其包括连接于内燃发动机3的驱动轴的第一可旋转构件16、第二可旋转构件17和固定构件18。第二可旋转构件17连接于变速装置4并经由带14连接于能量回收装置的轴13。
第二可旋转构件17被构造为能够连接于各种不同的变速装置。如图2所示，第二可旋转构件17包括用于连接于自动齿轮箱的所谓柔性板(flexplate)以及用于连接于手动齿轮箱的中心套筒20。
如图2示意性地示出，变速装置4和能量回收装置8经由第二可旋转构件17和带14永久性地连接。通过使用致动器旋转地彼此断开第一可旋转构件16和第二可旋转构件17，内燃发动机3的驱动轴与变速装置4(以及能量回收装置8)可彼此分离。在图2的示例实施例中，致动器是通过管21供以液压流体的液压致动器。通过图1中的控制单元10可响应于如上所述指示期望汽车1减速的信号来控制用于操作液压致动器的液压流体的供应。
在图3中，沿图2中的直线A-A’示出耦接设备7的截面。参照图3，第一可旋转构件16和第二可旋转构件17均被设置为绕旋转轴线22可旋转。
第一轴承24设置在第一可旋转构件16与第二可旋转构件17之间以允许第一可旋转构件16与第二可旋转构件17之间相对旋转。
类似地，第二轴承25设置在第一可旋转构件16与固定构件18之间。
在图3的示例实施例中，第一可旋转构件16被设置为所谓双质量飞轮的形式，包括主飞轮27、副飞轮28和连接主飞轮27与副飞轮28的多个弹簧29a-b。
第一可旋转构件16(特别是副飞轮28)包括第一摩擦离合器构件，此处为第一摩擦片30a-b的形式，并且第二可旋转构件17包括第二摩擦离合器构件，此处为第二摩擦片31a-b的形式。
当耦接设备7接合从而第一可旋转构件16和第二可旋转构件17一起旋转时，第一摩擦片30a-b和第二摩擦片31a-b经由设置在膜片弹簧33与交错摩擦片之间的压指34被膜片弹簧33挤压在一起。
从图3可看出，通过将压指34朝图3中的左侧运动，膜片弹簧33可被推动远离交错的摩擦片。这通过液压执行机构朝图3的左侧推动第二轴承25的内圈36来实现。当膜片弹簧33被推动远离交错的摩擦片时，耦接设备7分离，使得第一可旋转构件16和第二可旋转构件17可相对彼此旋转。
为了防止当膜片弹簧33被压指34推动远离时第一可旋转构件16的第二飞轮28(沿平行于旋转轴线22的方向)轴向运动，在主飞轮27与副飞轮28之间设置球38a-b以使主飞轮27和副飞轮28相对彼此旋转地“摇动”，但在轴向上受限。
通过如上参照图3所述的耦接设备的构造，以及第一轴承24、第二轴承25以及第一摩擦离合器构件30a-b和第二摩擦离合器构件31a-b同心设置在垂直于旋转轴线22的平面内，耦接设备7在轴向上变得极其紧凑。
所属技术领域的技术人员认识到，本发明绝不局限于如上所述的优选实施例。相反，很多改进和变化可能处于所附权利要求的范围内。
在权利要求中，措辞“包括”不排除其它元件或步骤的存在，并且不定冠词“一个”不排除多个的存在。单处理机或其它单元可完成权利要求记载的若干项目的功能。在彼此不同的从属权利要求中记载的某些测量未示出这些测量组合的纯粹事实不能带来优点。权利要求中的任何附图标记不应当被诠释为限定其范围。

Claims (14)

1.一种混合动力车辆，包括：
内燃发动机，其可操作以旋转所述内燃发动机的驱动轴；
变速装置；
旋转连接于所述变速装置的至少一个驱动轮；
设置在所述内燃发动机与所述变速装置之间的耦接设备，用于将所述内燃发动机的驱动轴与所述变速装置可控地旋转连接以经由所述变速装置提供转矩至所述至少一个驱动轮，所述耦接设备可被控制在其中所述内燃发动机的所述驱动轴旋转连接于所述变速装置的第一状态与其中所述内燃发动机的所述驱动轴与所述变速装置旋转分离的第二状态之间；和
能量回收装置，其具有经由柔性驱动构件旋转连接于所述耦接设备的轴，以将所述能量回收装置的轴旋转连接至所述变速装置以便能够回收和存储从所述至少一个驱动轮的减速回收的能量；
其中，所述耦接设备包括：
能绕旋转轴线旋转且连接于所述内燃发动机的所述驱动轴的第一可旋转构件，所述第一可旋转构件包括第一摩擦离合器构件；
能绕所述旋转轴线旋转且连接于所述变速装置并经由所述柔性驱动构件连接于所述能量回收装置的第二可旋转构件，所述第二可旋转构件包括第二摩擦离合器构件；
固定构件；
设置在所述第一可旋转构件与所述第二可旋转构件之间的第一轴承，用于允许所述第一可旋转构件与所述第二可旋转构件之间的相对旋转；
位于所述第一可旋转构件和所述第二可旋转构件之一与所述固定构件之间的第二轴承，用于允许所述第一和所述第二可旋转构件中每个与所述固定构件之间的相对旋转；以及
致动器，可控制以从所述第二摩擦离合器构件释放所述第一摩擦离合器构件以允许所述第二可旋转构件相对所述第一可旋转构件旋转，藉此将所述耦接设备从所述第一状态转换为所述第二状态，
其中，所述第一轴承、所述第二轴承和所述第一和第二摩擦离合器构件同心地设置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力车辆，进一步包括：
传感器，用于感测指示所述至少一个驱动轮的期望减速的参数值；以及
连接于所述传感器和所述耦接设备的控制单元，用于当所感测的参数值指示所述混合动力车辆的期望减速时控制所述耦接设备为所述第二状态。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的混合动力车辆，其中，所述第一轴承、所述第二轴承和所述第一和第二摩擦离合器构件在垂直于所述旋转轴线的平面内彼此径向向外地设置。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的混合动力车辆，其中，所述第一轴承设置的比所述第二轴承距所述旋转轴线更近，并且所述第二轴承设置的比所述第一和第二摩擦离合器构件距所述旋转轴线更近。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的混合动力车辆，其中，所述第一可旋转构件包括：
主飞轮，连接于所述内燃发动机的驱动轴；
包括所述第一摩擦离合器构件的副飞轮；以及
连接所述主飞轮与所述副飞轮的至少一个弹簧。
6.根据权利要求5所述的混合动力车辆，其中：
所述主飞轮包括径向面对的第一细长形凹陷；
所述副飞轮包括与所述第一细长形凹陷相对的第二细长形凹陷；并且
至少一个球在所述主飞轮与所述副飞轮之间被容纳于所述第一细长形凹陷和所述第二细长形凹陷内，用于限制所述副飞轮相对所述主飞轮的轴向运动。
7.根据权利要求6所述的混合动力车辆，其中：
所述主飞轮包括多个径向面对的第一细长形凹陷；
所述副飞轮包括多个第二细长形凹陷，每个第二细长形凹陷都被设置为与相应的一个所述第一细长形凹陷相对；并且
多个球中的至少一个在所述主飞轮与所述副飞轮之间被容纳于每个所述第一细长形凹陷与相应的一个所述第二细长形凹陷内，用于限制所述副飞轮相对所述主飞轮的相对轴向运动。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的混合动力车辆，其中，所述第二可旋转构件包括驱动构件，用于与所述柔性驱动构件互相作用以将所述驱动构件的旋转转换为所述柔性驱动构件的运动，
其中，所述驱动构件设置在所述耦接设备的径向周缘处。
9.根据权利要求1或2所述的混合动力车辆，其中，所述能量回收装置的轴基本平行于所述内燃发动机的驱动轴。
10.根据权利要求1或2所述的混合动力车辆，其中，所述柔性驱动构件是带子。
11.根据权利要求1或2所述的混合动力车辆，其中，所述柔性驱动构件是链条。
12.根据权利要求1或2所述的混合动力车辆，其中，所述能量回收装置包括飞轮。
13.根据权利要求1或2所述的混合动力车辆，其中，所述能量回收装置包括发电机。
14.根据权利要求1或2所述的混合动力车辆，其中，所述能量回收装置包括液压机。
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