CN106688631B - Seedling culture method for promoting pterocarpus santalinus to form heartwood early - Google Patents
Seedling culture method for promoting pterocarpus santalinus to form heartwood early Download PDFInfo
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- CN106688631B CN106688631B CN201611206036.0A CN201611206036A CN106688631B CN 106688631 B CN106688631 B CN 106688631B CN 201611206036 A CN201611206036 A CN 201611206036A CN 106688631 B CN106688631 B CN 106688631B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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Abstract
The invention provides a seedling raising method for promoting pterocarpus santalinus to form heartwood early. The pterocarpus santalinus is the most precious rosewood species, but heartwood formation is late and the finished wood cycle is long. According to the seedling raising method, 1-2 year-old plants of Pterocarpus santalinus (Pterocarpus maCarcarpus) are selected as stocks, 1 year-old branches of the Pterocarpus santalinus (P.santalinus) are used as scions, single-bud grafting is carried out in the dormancy stage, and survival and growth are good. The detection result shows that the pterocarpus santalinus cultivated by the technical method remarkably promotes early formation of heartwood after cultivation, and is suitable for popularization and application in breeding and cultivation of tropical precious wood trees.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of precious timber tree species breeding, and particularly relates to a seedling raising method for promoting Pterocarpus santalinus (Pterocarpus santalinus) to form heartwood early.
Background
The wood of pterocarpus santalinus (heartwood) is the only wood called as pterocarpus santalinus among the mahogany woods, and is the most precious. But instead. The pterocarpus santalinus heartwood has a long formation period, and generally begins to form after 20 years. The pterocarpus macrocarpus (P. macarocarpus) and the pterocarpus santalinus belong to the same genus of pterocarpus, are excellent in dry shape and equal in growth speed, are the pterocarpus species which are known to form heartwood at the earliest time, account for more than 75% of the cross-sectional area of wood in 18-20 years, and cannot be compared with other pterocarpus species such as the pterocarpus santalinus, and the property is very excellent. Therefore, in the process of red wood seedling breeding, the grafting seedling raising test is carried out by taking the pterocarpus santalinus as the rootstock and taking the pterocarpus santalinus as the scion, and the success is achieved. The detection result shows that the pterocarpus santalinus seedling cultivated by the method remarkably promotes early formation of heartwood after cultivation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a seedling raising method for promoting the early formation of heartwood of pterocarpus santalinus, which can obviously promote the early formation of the pterocarpus santalinus heartwood.
The seedling culture method for promoting the pterocarpus santalinus to form heartwood early comprises the following steps:
A. taking 1-2 year old plants of red sandalwood (P. macrocarpus) with early formation and short growing period of heartwood as rootstocks, and scions are cut from 1 year old branches developed and enriched from the red sandalwood (Pterocarpus santalinus);
B. grafting in a cutting grafting mode in a dormancy stage of 1-2 months every year;
C. grafting and breeding in a seedling raising greenhouse or a greenhouse.
According to a further feature of the seedling raising method of the present invention, in the step B, the grafting includes: (1) cutting the rootstock 5-7 cm above the ground neck, and longitudinally and directly cutting the edge of the cross section of the rootstock by a cut, wherein the length of the cut is slightly longer than the length of the cutting surface of the scion, and the width of the cut is consistent with the diameter of the scion;
(2) the base part of the scion is cut into two long and short cut surfaces;
(3) cutting off the scion at a position about 1cm above the full bud, wherein the length of the scion is 5-6 cm;
(4) inserting the long cutting surface of the scion inwards into the cut of the stock, and aligning the scion cambium with the stock cambium;
(5) the grafting opening and the scion are tightly bound by a plastic film strip, only the scion bud is exposed, and the scion is not required to be moved during operation.
According to a further feature of the method for raising seedlings of the present invention, in the step (1), the length of the incision is about 3 cm.
According to a further feature of the method for growing seedlings of the present invention, in the step (2), the long shaved surface is a shaved surface obtained by shaving more than 1/3 of xylem, and has a length of about 3 cm.
According to a further feature of the method for growing seedlings of the present invention, in the step (2), the short sliced noodles have a length of about lcm.
According to a further feature of the seedling raising method of the present invention, in the step B, the grafting and breeding includes the following steps: in the first month after grafting, the greenhouse or the greenhouse is covered by a sunshade net with 50 percent of sunshade rate; then, the cultivation is transited to full light cultivation; timely erasing the sprouts on the rootstocks; 3 months after grafting, removing the bound plastic film; transferring to open nursery for cultivation after 6 months, and getting out of nursery for cultivating big seedlings in the next year.
According to the invention, the red sandalwood with the most precious rosewood species, namely the red sandalwood, is grafted and bred by selecting the red sandalwood with the early and fast heartwood formation as the rootstock for the first time, so that the heartwood development of the red sandalwood which is the most precious rosewood species is remarkably promoted, the cultivation theory and technology of the precious wood species are greatly enriched, the method has outstanding practical value and scientific significance, and no report is provided at home and abroad.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a photograph of grafting promoting early formation of pterocarpus santalinus heartwood. From top to bottom do in proper order: and (3) red sandalwood which is not grafted in the same period, a big fruit red sandalwood stock, grafted red sandalwood and red sandalwood which is grafted for 18 months.
Detailed Description
The grafting breeding method of pterocarpus santalinus seedlings is detailed below.
1-2 year-old plants of Pterocarpus santalinus (Pterocarpus maCarcarpus) are selected as stocks, 1 year-old branches of the Pterocarpus santalinus (P.santalinus L.f) are used as scions, single bud grafting is carried out in the dormancy stage, and early formation of the Pterocarpus santalinus core material is remarkably promoted in cultivation.
Scion grafting: the pterocarpus santalinus branches grow into 1 year branches.
Stock: 1-2 year old nursery stocks of large red sandalwood.
The grafting period and the method are as follows: the optimal grafting period is 1-2 months of the dormancy period, the optimal grafting mode is cutting grafting, and grafting breeding is carried out in a rain-sheltering seedling raising shed room.
1) The method comprises the steps of cutting an anvil 5-7 cm above the ground neck, longitudinally and directly cutting the edge of the cross section of the stock by a cut, wherein the length of the cut is slightly longer than the length (about 3 cm) of a cutting surface of a scion, and the width of the cut is consistent with the diameter of the scion.
2) The base part of the scion is cut into two long and short cut surfaces; the long sliced noodles have more than 1/3 of xylem removed and are about 3cm long; the short sliced noodles have a length of about 1 cm.
3) The scions are about 6cm long and are cut at about 1cm above the filled buds.
4) And (4) inwards inserting the long cutting surface of the scion into the cut of the stock, and aligning the scion cambium with the stock cambium.
5) And tightly binding the plastic film strips for grafting. The scions do not need to be moved during operation.
And (4) management after connection: and in the first month after the seedling culture, covering the seedling with a sunshade net with 50% of sunshade rate, and performing other management as usual. And timely removing sprouts on the sprouting rootstocks. And (5) in 9 months, transferring to an open nursery for cultivation, and outplanting in the next year for cultivating large seedlings.
In the experimental study of the invention, 270 pterocarpus santalinus plants are co-grafted by using pterocarpus macrocarpus (P. macrocarpus) as a rootstock, the numbers of the scion, cleft grafting and bark grafting plants are respectively 110, 80 and 80, the survival rates after grafting for 5 months are respectively 89.3%, 82.5% and 85.0%, the survival rate after scion grafting is the highest, and the joints can be healed earlier. Therefore, the technical method is reliable, mature, simple and easy to implement, remarkably promotes the formation and development of the pterocarpus santalinus heartwood after cultivation, and has outstanding popularization and application values.
Claims (5)
1. A seedling raising method for promoting pterocarpus santalinus to form heartwood early is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. taking a 1-2 year old plant of pterocarpus santalinus with early heartwood formation and short lumber formation period as a stock, and scion is cut from a 1 year old branch with full development of the pterocarpus santalinus;
B. grafting in a cutting grafting mode in a dormancy stage of 1-2 months every year;
C. grafting and breeding in a seedling raising greenhouse or a greenhouse;
in the step B, the grafting comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting the rootstock 5-7 cm above the ground neck, and longitudinally and directly cutting the edge of the cross section of the rootstock by a cut, wherein the length of the cut is slightly longer than the length of the cutting surface of the scion, and the width of the cut is consistent with the diameter of the scion;
(2) the base part of the scion is cut into two long and short cut surfaces;
(3) cutting off the scion at a position about 1cm above the full bud, wherein the length of the scion is 5-6 cm;
(4) inserting the long cutting surface of the scion inwards into the cut of the stock, and aligning the scion cambium with the stock cambium;
(5) the grafting opening and the scion are tightly bound by a plastic film strip, only the scion bud is exposed, and the scion is not required to be moved during operation.
2. A seedling raising method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), the length of the incision is about 3 cm.
3. A seedling raising method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (2), the long sliced surfaces are sliced surfaces with more than 1/3 of xylem removed, and the long sliced surfaces are about 3cm long.
4. A seedling raising method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (2), the short sliced noodles have the length of about lcm.
5. A seedling raising method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step B, the grafting breeding comprises the following steps: in the first month after grafting, the greenhouse or the greenhouse is covered by a sunshade net with 50 percent of sunshade rate; then, the cultivation is transited to full light cultivation; timely erasing the sprouts on the rootstocks; 3 months after grafting, removing the bound plastic film; transferring to open nursery for cultivation after 6 months, and getting out of nursery for cultivating big seedlings in the next year.
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| CN108651037A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-10-16 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所 | This stock grafting method and purposes of cochin yellow wingceltis |
| CN111657042B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-12-03 | 中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所 | Planting method for promoting formation of pterocarpus indicus heartwood |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103314791A (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2013-09-25 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所 | Grafting method for promoting early fruiting of pterocarpus santalinus |
| CN105210683A (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2016-01-06 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所 | The heteroplastic grafting seedling-cultivating method of a kind of Fijian santal |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103314791A (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2013-09-25 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所 | Grafting method for promoting early fruiting of pterocarpus santalinus |
| CN105210683A (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2016-01-06 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所 | The heteroplastic grafting seedling-cultivating method of a kind of Fijian santal |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| "大果紫檀在西双版纳的引种试验初报";林业调查规划;《林业调查规划》;20151230;第40卷(第6期);第109-115页 * |
| "檀香紫檀嫁接育苗技术";李洪果等;《湖南林业科技》;20140830;第41卷(第4期);第55-57页 * |
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