CN113692865A - Bud mutation grafting method applied to fruit trees - Google Patents
Bud mutation grafting method applied to fruit trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN113692865A CN113692865A CN202111034731.4A CN202111034731A CN113692865A CN 113692865 A CN113692865 A CN 113692865A CN 202111034731 A CN202111034731 A CN 202111034731A CN 113692865 A CN113692865 A CN 113692865A
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- bud
- grafting
- branches
- mutation
- rootstock
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a bud mutation grafting method applied to fruit trees, which comprises the steps of preparation for winter pruning and seed selection; selecting spring shoots after the spring shoots stop growing; preparing a raw material tool and sterilizing; girdling the rootstock; cutting the bud node in a ring, removing wood and reserving a barrel; grafting and binding; after the fruit is ripe, conventional grafting is carried out again to obtain new fruit flavor; the method is the simplest, shortest and lowest scheme among all the methods for breeding new varieties of pears (plants) at present, can breed more new pears which adapt to local element conditions, is widely suitable for breeding fruits, dry fruits and other woody plants, is novel, innovative and practical, has new ideas of leading, exploring and researching, and is worthy of popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bud mutation grafting, in particular to a bud mutation grafting method applied to fruit trees.
Background
The introduced new pear varieties often cause the problem that the original quality is difficult to ensure due to factors such as local climate, soil, illumination, water quality, diseases and pests, natural environment and the like. In order to avoid passively waiting for accepting to introduce new pear varieties from the outside for a long time, experimental planting is needed, but the conventional hybrid breeding and crossing technology of pears needs to be continuously cultivated for more than three generations, is long in time consumption and high in cost, and is not beneficial to breeding new varieties of fruit trees.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is a bud mutation grafting method applied to fruit trees, which comprises the following steps:
a bud mutation grafting method applied to fruit trees comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: creating conditions for growing new shoots in the next spring when pruning strong trees with stable yield for many years in the last winter, making stock branches and scion branches in the next year, and simultaneously selecting two or more varieties and terrains to be used;
step two: when the spring shoots of the next year stop growing, selecting the noon time with sufficient sunshine to carry out grafting operation;
step three: selecting the rootstock branches and the scion branches with equal thickness or similar thickness, and sterilizing the hands, grafting tools, the rootstock branches and the scion branches;
step four: removing the head of the newly born position of the stock branch about ten centimeters and girdling the bark for nearly one centimeter all around;
step five: when scion branches are selected, leaves are removed, and bud nodes which are large in bud distance, full in buds and same in thickness as the rootstock branches are cut and used as bud drums; cutting a cut of wood at the top of a bud knot and a bud head in a flush manner, cutting a cut of wood at the top of the next bud head in a flush manner, forming a vertical cut of wood at the rear part, slowly knocking off the wood by using a grafting knife tip, and reserving a complete and undamaged open hollow cylinder;
step six: removing the girdled bark on the rootstock, sleeving the bud drum on the girdled rootstock, and enabling the rootstock cortex and the bud drum cortex to be attached up and down, wherein the contact length of the bud drum and the rootstock is about one quarter of the length of the bud drum and about three quarters of the residual length; closing up to keep the shape of the bud letter unchanged, and tightly binding and sealing the bud letter by using grafting glue;
step seven: in the sixth step, the bud branches mature in the current year, a strong bearing tree which can bear fruits for many years is selected in spring of the next year, main branches, side branches and branches are grafted by a conventional grafting method, flower buds or short fruit branches can be formed in the current year when the big water in spring and summer is heavy, and new fruit flavor can be seen in the next year.
As an improvement, in the step one, strong trees which are produced stably for years need to be adopted for the variety, and the terrain needs to be sufficiently lighted.
As an improvement, in the third step, the grafting tools comprise a cutting and grafting knife, a handsaw, a pair of pruning scissors, a budding knife, a binding material and a wax.
As a modification, in step six, the daily change in the sprout canister can be observed through the transparent adhesive tape through the top of the sprout canister after three or seven days.
As an improvement, the method adopts a skin drum bud hollow grafting method to breed a new variety according to the inherent essential characteristics of fluidity, totipotency, fusion electroporation and gene transfer of plant cells and the combination of growth change characteristics; the empty grafting method of the skin drum buds is a bud mutation grafting technology.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the method is the simplest, shortest and lowest scheme among all the methods for breeding new varieties of pears (plants) at present, can breed more new pears which adapt to local element conditions, is widely suitable for breeding fruits, dry fruits and other woody plants, is novel, innovative and practical, has new ideas of leading, exploring and researching, and is worthy of popularization.
Detailed Description
The bud mutation grafting method applied to fruit trees of the invention is further described in detail below.
A bud mutation grafting method applied to fruit trees comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: creating conditions for growing new shoots in the next spring when pruning strong trees with stable yield for many years in the last winter, making stock branches and scion branches in the next year, and simultaneously selecting two or more varieties and terrains to be used;
step two: when the spring shoots of the next year stop growing, selecting the noon time with sufficient sunshine to carry out grafting operation;
step three: selecting the rootstock branches and the scion branches with equal thickness or similar thickness, and sterilizing the hands, grafting tools, the rootstock branches and the scion branches;
step four: removing the head of the newly born position of the stock branch about ten centimeters and girdling the bark for nearly one centimeter all around;
step five: when scion branches are selected, leaves are removed, and bud nodes which are large in bud distance, full in buds and same in thickness as the rootstock branches are cut and used as bud drums; cutting a cut of wood at the top of a bud knot and a bud head in a flush manner, cutting a cut of wood at the top of the next bud head in a flush manner, forming a vertical cut of wood at the rear part, slowly knocking off the wood by using a grafting knife tip, and reserving a complete and undamaged open hollow cylinder;
step six: removing the girdled bark on the rootstock, sleeving the bud drum on the girdled rootstock, and enabling the rootstock cortex and the bud drum cortex to be attached up and down, wherein the contact length of the bud drum and the rootstock is about one quarter of the length of the bud drum and about three quarters of the residual length; closing up to keep the shape of the bud letter unchanged, and tightly binding and sealing the bud letter by using grafting glue;
step seven: in the sixth step, the bud branches mature in the current year, a strong bearing tree which can bear fruits for many years is selected in spring of the next year, main branches, side branches and branches are grafted by a conventional grafting method, flower buds or short fruit branches can be formed in the current year when the big water in spring and summer is heavy, and new fruit flavor can be seen in the next year.
In the embodiment, in the step one, strong trees which are produced stably for years are adopted as the variety, and the terrain needs to be sufficiently lighted.
In this embodiment, in step three, the grafting tool includes a cutting and grafting knife, a handsaw, a pair of pruning shears, a budding knife, a binding material, and a wax.
In this embodiment, in step six, the daily change in the sprout cartridge can be observed through the transparent adhesive tape through the top of the sprout cartridge after three or seven days.
In the embodiment, the method adopts a skin drum bud space grafting method to breed new varieties according to the inherent essential characteristics of fluidity, totipotency, fusion electroporation and gene transfer of plant cells and the combination of growth change characteristics; the grafting method of empty bud in the skin tube is a bud-change grafting technology.
The invention is also suitable for creating conditions for generating bud mutation breeding by using a bud drum grafting method for the rootstock by integrating the first variety, the second variety and the third variety into a whole once.
The method is the simplest, shortest and lowest scheme among all the methods for breeding new varieties of pears (plants) at present, can breed more new pears which adapt to local element conditions, is widely suitable for breeding fruits, dry fruits and other woody plants, is novel, innovative and practical, has new ideas of leading, exploring and researching, and is worthy of popularization.
The present invention and the embodiments thereof have been described above without limitation, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited thereto, and that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments and the embodiments without inventive design without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A bud mutation grafting method applied to fruit trees is characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: creating conditions for growing new shoots in the next spring when pruning strong trees with stable yield for many years in the last winter, making stock branches and scion branches in the next year, and simultaneously selecting two or more varieties and terrains to be used;
step two: when the spring shoots of the next year stop growing, selecting the noon time with sufficient sunshine to carry out grafting operation;
step three: selecting the rootstock branches and the scion branches with equal thickness or similar thickness, and sterilizing the hands, grafting tools, the rootstock branches and the scion branches;
step four: removing the head of the newly born position of the stock branch about ten centimeters and girdling the bark for nearly one centimeter all around;
step five: when scion branches are selected, leaves are removed, and bud nodes which are large in bud distance, full in buds and same in thickness as the rootstock branches are cut and used as bud drums; cutting a cut of wood at the top of a bud knot and a bud head in a flush manner, cutting a cut of wood at the top of the next bud head in a flush manner, forming a vertical cut of wood at the rear part, slowly knocking off the wood by using a grafting knife tip, and reserving a complete and undamaged open hollow cylinder;
step six: removing the girdled bark on the rootstock, sleeving the bud drum on the girdled rootstock, and enabling the rootstock cortex and the bud drum cortex to be attached up and down, wherein the contact length of the bud drum and the rootstock is about one quarter of the length of the bud drum and about three quarters of the residual length; closing up to keep the shape of the bud letter unchanged, and tightly binding and sealing the bud letter by using grafting glue;
step seven: in the sixth step, the bud branches mature in the current year, a strong bearing tree which can bear fruits for many years is selected in spring of the next year, main branches, side branches and branches are grafted by a conventional grafting method, flower buds or short fruit branches can be formed in the current year when the big water in spring and summer is heavy, and new fruit flavor can be seen in the next year.
2. The bud-mutation grafting method applied to fruit trees according to claim 1, wherein the bud-mutation grafting method comprises the following steps: in the step one, the variety needs to adopt strong trees which have been stably produced for years, and the terrain needs to be sufficiently lighted.
3. The bud-mutation grafting method applied to fruit trees according to claim 1, wherein the bud-mutation grafting method comprises the following steps: in step three, the grafting tools include a grafting knife, a handsaw, a pair of pruning shears, a budding knife, a tie material, and a contact.
4. The bud-mutation grafting method applied to fruit trees according to claim 1, wherein the bud-mutation grafting method comprises the following steps: in step six, the daily change in the sprout canister can be observed through the transparent adhesive tape through the top of the sprout canister after three or seven days.
5. The bud-mutation grafting method applied to fruit trees according to claim 1, wherein the bud-mutation grafting method comprises the following steps: according to the method, a new variety is bred by a leather trunk bud hollow grafting method which is adopted according to the inherent essential characteristics of fluidity, totipotency, fusion electroporation and gene transfer of plant cells and the combination of growth change characteristics; the empty grafting method of the skin drum buds is a bud mutation grafting technology.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111034731.4A CN113692865A (en) | 2021-09-04 | 2021-09-04 | Bud mutation grafting method applied to fruit trees |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111034731.4A CN113692865A (en) | 2021-09-04 | 2021-09-04 | Bud mutation grafting method applied to fruit trees |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113692865A true CN113692865A (en) | 2021-11-26 |
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| CN202111034731.4A Withdrawn CN113692865A (en) | 2021-09-04 | 2021-09-04 | Bud mutation grafting method applied to fruit trees |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115136804A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-10-04 | 青岛市农业科学研究院 | Method for improving dwarfing effect and flowering performance of apples |
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2021
- 2021-09-04 CN CN202111034731.4A patent/CN113692865A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115136804A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-10-04 | 青岛市农业科学研究院 | Method for improving dwarfing effect and flowering performance of apples |
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Application publication date: 20211126 |