CN106662245B - 用于自动变速器的多压力液压供给系统 - Google Patents

用于自动变速器的多压力液压供给系统 Download PDF

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CN106662245B
CN106662245B CN201580042246.8A CN201580042246A CN106662245B CN 106662245 B CN106662245 B CN 106662245B CN 201580042246 A CN201580042246 A CN 201580042246A CN 106662245 B CN106662245 B CN 106662245B
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C·郭
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BorgWarner Inc
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/16—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0434—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating relating to lubrication supply, e.g. pumps ; Pressure control
    • F16H57/0436—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0434—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating relating to lubrication supply, e.g. pumps ; Pressure control
    • F16H57/0446—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating relating to lubrication supply, e.g. pumps ; Pressure control the supply forming part of the transmission control unit, e.g. for automatic transmissions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/0021—Generation or control of line pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/0021—Generation or control of line pressure
    • F16H61/0025—Supply of control fluid; Pumps therefore
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/26—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms
    • F16H61/28—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted
    • F16H61/30—Hydraulic or pneumatic motors or related fluid control means therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
    • F15B2211/2053—Type of pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
    • F15B2211/20576—Systems with pumps with multiple pumps
    • F15B2211/20592—Combinations of pumps for supplying high and low pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/30—Directional control
    • F15B2211/305—Directional control characterised by the type of valves
    • F15B2211/30505—Non-return valves, i.e. check valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/30—Directional control
    • F15B2211/315—Directional control characterised by the connections of the valve or valves in the circuit
    • F15B2211/31552—Directional control characterised by the connections of the valve or valves in the circuit being connected to an output member and a return line
    • F15B2211/31564—Directional control characterised by the connections of the valve or valves in the circuit being connected to an output member and a return line having multiple output members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/50—Pressure control
    • F15B2211/515—Pressure control characterised by the connections of the pressure control means in the circuit
    • F15B2211/5158—Pressure control characterised by the connections of the pressure control means in the circuit being connected to a pressure source and an output member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/0021—Generation or control of line pressure
    • F16H2061/0034—Accumulators for fluid pressure supply; Control thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/0021—Generation or control of line pressure
    • F16H2061/0037—Generation or control of line pressure characterised by controlled fluid supply to lubrication circuits of the gearing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)
  • Details And Applications Of Rotary Liquid Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

提供一种用于车辆变速器的加压流体供给系统。该流体供给系统具有泵，该泵至少具有高压输出和低压输出，并且该泵经由定向阀来供给高压部件和低压部件。该加压流体供给系统使得车辆发动机上的寄生损耗最小。

Description

用于自动变速器的多压力液压供给系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于自动变速器的加压液压流体供给系统。
背景技术
用于车辆的自动变速器需要加压流体源。加压流体源典型地是由车辆发动机提供动力的液压泵。泵是车辆发动机上的寄生负载。在寻求改进车辆里程时，期望使得由变速器的液压泵提供的寄生负载最小。
发明内容
为了表明上述和其它期望，给出了本发明的揭示。在一优选实施例中，本发明提供用于自动变速器的液压系统的自由度，该自动变速器具有泵，该泵同时具有低压和高压出口。压力出口之一与定向阀连接，该定向阀具有第一位置、第二位置以及第三位置，该第一位置从与加压流体消耗部件相匹配的出口范围输送加压流体，该第二位置将加压流体输送至无范围匹配的加压流体部件，而第三位置将未加压流体输送至泵的入口。
本发明的其它应用领域从下文提供的详细描述中变得显而易见。尽管这些详细说明和特定示例展示了本发明的优选实施例，但应理解的是这些只是出于说明目的，而并非旨在限制本发明的范围。
附图说明
本发明从该详细描述和附图中将变得更易理解，附图中：
图1是根据本发明的用于汽车车辆变速器的加压流体系统的示意图；
图2是图1中所示加压流体供给系统的替代实施例的示意图；
图3是用在本发明的加压流体系统中的泵的示意图；以及
图4是用作根据本发明的加压流体系统的加压流体源的泵的又一实施例的示意图。
具体实施方式
以下对优选实施例的描述实质上只是示例性的，而决非用来限制本发明、其应用或用途。
参照图1，提供用于汽车变速器的多压力液压供给系统。系统7具有由平衡叶片泵10提供的加压流体源。泵10具有高压出口12和低压出口14。泵10的入口16经由过滤器20与贮槽18连接。入口16与泵10的下分支22和上分支24连接。
出口12与管线26连接。高压管线26连接高压出口12与高压液压流体消耗部件30以及变速器的齿轮致动器，该高压液压消耗部件30是各种离合器。
泵的低压出口14和过滤器34与定向阀36连接，该定向阀示作直接控制的电致动阀。替代地是，该定向阀也可以是两级定向阀。定向阀36具有第一位置35，该第一位置将该定向阀经由管线41与低压消耗功能部件40连接，该低压消耗功能部件包括用于离合器、齿轮以及轴承的冷却和润滑剂。在第三位置37中，定向阀36经由管线42将低压出口与泵入口管线16连接。在第二位置中，定向阀36将出口14与管线44和26连接，该管线与高压部件30连接。高压管线26也与压力调节阀48连接。
压力调节阀48用于适当地控制高压管线26中的管线压力，并且将剩余的流泄放至低压润滑液/冷却部40以及将过量的流倾倒回泵10的入口16。压力调节阀48具有处于反馈压力下的一个端部，而另一端部具有偏压弹簧63和先导压力65，其与比例压力控制螺线管阀(未示出)连接。压力调节阀48包括两个供给端口67，这两个供给端口与高压管线26连接。端口69与低压冷却器/润滑液管线53连接，且端口71与泵入口16连接。
在图1中，压力调节阀48示作处于闭合的非调节位置52，在该位置处，当不存在过量的流时，发动机停机或者以怠速运行。当从泵10供给的液压压力增加并且流是过量的时，压力调节阀48移动至第二调节位置56，在此，流的一部分泄放至低压冷却器/润滑液管线53。当发动机速度进一步增加至中或高的操作速度时，压力调节阀48移动至第三位置54。在此处，阀流同时泄放至低压润滑液/冷却管线40和泵入口管线16。在所有上述三个操作情况下，经调节的高压流体提供给在图1中示作30的诸如换档或离合器致动之类的高压致动。
在操作中，当发动机速度较低，但仍需要维持适当的管线压力时，定向阀36切换至位置36并且主压力调节器会取决于管线压力需求而处于52和56之间的任何中间位置处。在这种情况下，来自泵的两侧的流会行进至主管线26。
当发动机速度高于某一点时，车辆处于巡航速度，但即不需要用于致动的高管线压力又不需要用于离合器和齿轮的高的冷却/润滑流，泵的高压侧能够提供足够的流来流过管线10以维持适当的管线压力。在这种情况下，定向阀36会移动至中间位置37，来自泵14的低压侧的流再循环回泵入口16，这会消耗最低功率。取决于所需的管线压力，主调节器48在这一刻可处于任何中间位置处。
当车辆以高能量启动时，该车辆同时需要用于致动的适度高管线压力以及高的冷却/润滑流。在这种情况下，由于相当高的发动机速度，来自泵的高压侧的流能够维持通过管线10和26的适当管线压力。主压力调节器取决于所需的管线压力而处于52、56或54的任何中间位置处。定向阀36会切换至位置35，这使得流从泵的低压侧行进至管线41，并且直接地连接于离合器和齿轮润滑液管线。
参照图2，本发明的替代优选实施例的液压供给系统设有执行与图1所示功能相同或类似功能的物件，且这些物件被赋予相同的附图标记。叶片泵10具有高压出口12，该高压出口经由过滤器70与定向阀72连接并且设置在高压管线26中。在第一位置74中，定向阀72将高压出口12与蓄能器86连接，该蓄能器与高压液压动力部件30连接，这些高压液压动力部件包括变速器的齿轮致动和离合器致动。当定向阀72从其第一位置74移动至第三位置76时，来自出口12的流体再循环到泵10的入口16中，其中所述第一位置连接蓄能器和高压部件30连接。当定向阀72移动至其第二位置78时，出口12经由流控制阀91与低压管线88流体地连接，以输送至轴承或齿轮90和离合器92的冷却/润滑液管线。
在操作中，当定向阀处于位置74时，高压出口12对蓄能器86进行充料。一旦将蓄能器86充满，螺线管阀72就取决于操作需求而切换至位置76或72。如果高压部件30需要高致动负载，尤其是当发动机速度较低时，则部件30就既可从高压出口12又可从蓄能器86或者如果需要的话同时从两者接收加压流体。当部件30的致动无需高的流时，定向阀72可行进至位置76。在此种操作模式中，冷却/润滑流需求就可由低压输出部分14完全满足，同时输出部分12再循环回泵入口。当在高能量启动期间需要高的润滑液流并且这不再由泵出口14所满足时，定向阀72会切换至位置78并且来自出口12和出口14的流将同时行进至冷却/润滑液回路。
图3图示了二叉式齿轮泵100，其具有高压输出12、低压输出14、抽吸入口119以及121。泵110可以是图1和2中示出的叶片泵10的替代。在另一替代中，提供泵布置210，其具有高压泵211，该高压泵经由滑轮、直接轴或者经由由变速器提供动力的轴而由发动机207驱动，这进而经由离合器213对低压出口泵215提供动力。当低压输出是不期望的时，离合器213会打开，以使得低压泵215断开连接。
本发明的描述在实质上只是示范性的，因此不脱离本发明主旨的各种变型旨在包含在本发明的范围之内。这些变型不能被视为脱离本发明的精神和范围。

Claims (1)

1.一种用于自动车辆变速器的多压力液压供给系统，所述变速器至少具有加压流体消耗部件的第一较低压力范围和加压流体消耗部件的第二较高压力范围，所述多压力液压供给系统包括：
加压流体源，所述加压流体源具有第一低压输出和第二高压输出；
定向阀，所述定向阀与所述第一低压输出连接，所述定向阀具有第一位置，所述第一位置在消耗部件的所述第一较低压力范围下输送所述第一低压输出，所述定向阀具有第二位置，所述第二位置在消耗部件的所述第二较高压力范围下输送所述第一低压输出，所述定向阀具有第三位置，所述第三位置将流体再循环至所述加压流体源的入口；以及
所述第二高压输出与流体压力调节阀连接，所述流体压力调节阀具有使得所述第二高压输出与低压消耗部件连接的至少一个位置和使得所述第二高压输出与所述低压消耗部件和所述加压流体源的入口连接的第二位置，且所述调节阀进一步具有防止所述第二高压输出与所述低压消耗部件和所述加压流体源的所述入口之间流体连通的第三位置。
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