CN106613059A - Cotton cultivating and picking method - Google Patents
Cotton cultivating and picking method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106613059A CN106613059A CN201610777868.1A CN201610777868A CN106613059A CN 106613059 A CN106613059 A CN 106613059A CN 201610777868 A CN201610777868 A CN 201610777868A CN 106613059 A CN106613059 A CN 106613059A
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- cotton
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D46/00—Picking of fruits, vegetables, hops, or the like; Devices for shaking trees or shrubs
- A01D46/08—Picking of fruits, vegetables, hops, or the like; Devices for shaking trees or shrubs of cotton
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cotton cultivating and picking method. The cotton cultivating and picking method comprises the following steps of 1 seed selecting, 2 soil preparation before sowing, 3 seed airing before sowing, 4 timely sowing, 5 seedling stage managing, 6 bud stage managing, 7 blossoming and boll-forming stage managing, 8 picking and 9 storing. According to the cotton cultivating and harvesting method, by means of a reasonable cultivating and scientific harvesting method, the purposes that the cotton yield is increased, the cotton sale price is increased, and then the economic benefit is increased can be achieved.
Description
Invention field
The present invention relates to a kind of cotton culture and picking method, belong to arviculture and harvest applied technical field.
Background technology
Cotton, used as one of industrial crops, in China, planting range is very wide, production and people's daily life breath breath of cotton
It is related；Output of cotton is improved, improves cotton quality, to developing light and textile industries of China and uplifting the people's living standard with great meaning
Justice；The height of output of cotton, the quality of quality, it is comprehensive with cotton variety, soil, weather, moisture, fertilising, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control etc.
Factor has close relationship, therefore wants that the yield for improving cotton just must make an effort on links.
In recent years, many cotton growers due to picking method it is improper, the cotton quality of harvesting is poor, impurity is more, sale is difficult, price
It is low, have a strong impact on the due economic well-being of workers and staff of cotton grower.So how improving cotton picking quality and then selling preferable price is
Many cotton growers need the problem for solving.
The content of the invention
The present invention causes cotton per mu yield low to solve prior art, the not high problem of benefit, it is desirable to provide one grows cotton cultivation
Training and picking method, comprise the following steps：One, seed selection；Two, seedbed preparation；Three, bask seeds before broadcasting；Four, begin sowing in good time；Five, seedling stage
Management；Six, flower bud phase management；Seven, flowering and boll-setting period management；Eight, pluck；Nine, storage.
S1：Suit measures to local conditions to choose seeds：The good plot of water and fertilizer condition plant pure spring cotton it is necessary to choose growth period it is longer, resistant to lodging,
Yield potential is than larger Hybrid worm-resisted cotton；Secondly, if doing cornfield interplanting, it is necessary to buy shorter breeding time, late wheat,
The Insect Resistant Cotton of strong stress resistance, high yield high-quality；Cotton seed purchase is advisable with fresh cotton seed.
S2：After autumn harvest, pull out cotton stalk and plough best, use sufficient base fertilizer, it then follows based on base manure, topdress supplemented by fertilization principle：
Based on fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizer；Using chicken manure, ammonium chloride, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium chloride, borax, six kinds of raw materials of ammonium molybdate for becoming thoroughly decomposed
Mix by proportioning, its raw material weight percentage is：The chicken manure for becoming thoroughly decomposed：65-75%, ammonium chloride：6-10%, Diammonium phosphate (DAP)：
9-18%, potassium chloride：8-15%, borax：0.5 ~ 2.5%, ammonium molybdate：0.04 ~ 1.0%；Organosilicon 30-35%；
S3：It is general to rob fine solarization 4 ~ 5 days prior to seeding, seed is spread on plank or seat, it is thick 6 ~ 10 centimetres, 3 ~ 5 are stirred daily
It is secondary, never it is exposed to the sun on the ground in cement or slabstone；
S4：The general ground temperature more than 5 degree is stable to start sowing in l6 degree；Film cotton suitable sowing date is substantially in April 20～30, dew
Ground cotton is substantially after April 25；Before broadcasting cotton, first fertilizer is uniformly sowed at soil with 12 row wheat seeders of 15 centimetres of line-spacing
In；Try one's best deep placement, then ground mill is flattened, broadcast cotton again after couple of days.
S5：Fill the gaps with seedlings, thinning, final singling must be careful.Middle weeding, timely stubble-cleaning, seedling stage intertillage is required：Early, diligent, deep,
Carefully, thoroughly.Hoe must be drawn after rain, after watering, is typically intertilled 4 ~ 5 times, be loosened the soil between strain 2 ~ 3 times, in the ranks 10 centimetres of depth, depth between strain
5 centimetres；Middle weeding is required：" early, diligent, thin ", and to promote seedling growth in combination with seed manure.
S6：Timely and appropriate discovery sprays growth regulator and prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
S7：Pinching is pruned, is pinched in good time；General pinching in Great Heat to the beginning of autumn is advisable and prevents and treats rotten peach.
S8：（1）Timely collecting：In good time after cotton picking blow-of-cottons, typically plucked once every 5～7 days, if plucking too early,
Cotton fiber is not yet fully ripe, and yield and quality is reduced；Pluck too late, cotton-wool Jing exposes to the weather, and can reduce fibre tension, color
Pool is contaminated, and can also reduce cotton quality；So in the cotton boll blowing stage, essence receipts carefully receive in good time, cotton quality and product are improved
Level；（2）Prevent from drenching with rain：Ripe cotton-wool is met after rain, and boll hull, the pigment of cotton leaf can all pollute cotton, pure white cotton occur
Cloudy red, yin jaundice, greyish white spot etc..If running into cloudy weather for several days running, can also cause to go rotten and go bad.
S9：Do classification storage：The storage method of " three nets, five flowers ", " three nets " meaning are blossomed, plant is net, only, net shell,
" five flowers " refers to branch, is dried, and shares, and rolls, sale.
Compared with prior art, the cultivation of the cotton and picking method, by rational cultivation and the results side of science
Method, can accomplish to improve output of cotton, improve cotton selling price and then improve economic benefit.
Specific embodiment
In order to allow cotton grower's technology in terms of the cultivation and harvesting of cotton to improve and then obtain higher economic benefit, the present invention
Aim to provide a kind of cotton culture and picking method.
A kind of cotton culture and picking method, comprise the following steps：One, seed selection；Two, seedbed preparation；Three, bask seeds before broadcasting；
Four, begin sowing in good time；Five, seedling management；Six, flower bud phase management；Seven, flowering and boll-setting period management；Eight, pluck；Nine, storage.
In step one, seed selection of suiting measures to local conditions：The good plot of water and fertilizer condition plant pure spring cotton it is necessary to choose growth period compared with
Long, resistant to lodging, yield potential is than larger Hybrid worm-resisted cotton；Secondly, if doing cornfield interplanting, it is necessary to buy breeding time compared with
Short, late wheat, strong stress resistance, the Insect Resistant Cotton of high yield high-quality；Cotton seed purchase is advisable with fresh cotton seed.
In step 2, after autumn harvest, pull out cotton stalk and plough best, use sufficient base fertilizer, it then follows based on base manure, topdress supplemented by apply
Fertile principle：Based on fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizer；Using the chicken manure, ammonium chloride, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium chloride, borax, the ammonium molybdate that become thoroughly decomposed
Six kinds of raw materials are mixed by proportioning, and its raw material weight percentage is：The chicken manure for becoming thoroughly decomposed：65-75%, ammonium chloride：6-10%, phosphorus
Sour two ammoniums：9-18%, potassium chloride：8-15%, borax：0.5 ~ 2.5%, ammonium molybdate：0.04 ~ 1.0%；Organosilicon 30-35%；
In step 3, fine solarization 4 ~ 5 days is typically robbed prior to seeding, seed is spread on plank or seat, it is thick 6 ~ 10 centimetres, daily
Stir 3 ~ 5 times, be never exposed to the sun on the ground in cement or slabstone.
In step 4：The general ground temperature more than 5 degree is stable to start sowing in l6 degree；Film cotton suitable sowing date is substantially 4
The moon 20～30, open country cotton is substantially after April 25；Before broadcasting cotton, first with 12 row wheat seeders of 15 centimetres of line-spacing by fertilizer
Material is uniformly sowed in soil；Try one's best deep placement, then ground mill is flattened, broadcast cotton again after couple of days.
In step 5：Fill the gaps with seedlings, thinning, final singling must be careful.Middle weeding, timely stubble-cleaning, seedling stage intertillage is required：
It is early, diligent, deep, thin, saturating.Hoe must be drawn after rain, after watering, is typically intertilled 4 ~ 5 times, be loosened the soil between strain 2 ~ 3 times, in the ranks 10 lis of depth
Rice, 5 centimetres of depth between strain；Middle weeding is required：" early, diligent, thin ", and to promote seedling growth in combination with seed manure.
In step 6：Timely and appropriate discovery sprays growth regulator and prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
In step 7：Pinching is pruned, is pinched in good time；General pinching in Great Heat to the beginning of autumn is advisable and prevents and treats rotten peach.
In step 8：（1）Timely collecting：In good time after cotton picking blow-of-cottons, typically plucked once every 5～7 days, if adopting
Pluck too early, cotton fiber is not yet fully ripe, and yield and quality is reduced；Pluck too late, cotton-wool Jing exposes to the weather, and can reduce fiber
Pulling force, color and luster is contaminated, and can also reduce cotton quality；So in the cotton boll blowing stage, essence receipts carefully receive in good time, cotton matter is improved
Amount and grade；（2）Prevent from drenching with rain：Ripe cotton-wool is met after rain, and boll hull, the pigment of cotton leaf can all pollute cotton, make pure white cotton
There is cloudy red, yin jaundice, greyish white spot etc. in flower.If running into cloudy weather for several days running, can also cause to go rotten and go bad.
Note during harvesting：
First, ripe cotton-wool is met after rain, and boll hull, cotton leaf, the pigment of Bao Ye can all pollute cotton fiber, go out pure white cotton fiber
Existing yin jaundice, cloudy red, greyish white spot etc.；Cloudy weather for several days running is being run into, can also caused to go rotten and be gone bad；Therefore, it should be noted that weather forecast, rob
The cotton picking before rain.Simultaneously the aging peach that bottom has been turned to be yellow is also plucked in time, it is to avoid reduce cotton quality.
Second, prevent " three "；" to ensure cotton quality, following measures should be taken：White cotton cap is worn when 1. plucking,
Prevent human hair from falling into accidentally in cotton；2. the sack of cotton is filled, pure cotton cloth processing and fabricating is used without exception；Want when 3. drying cotton
As far as possible away from poultry.
3rd, when " four points " refer to cotton picking, to hold flower, stiff valve cotton, landing cotton and separately pluck, separately dry, point
Harvesting is opened, it is impossible to mix, to be classified sale；Draw net when " four is net " refers to harvesting in levant cotton exocarp, pick up net on cotton branch, fall
Picking up for ground is net, and cotton leaf, branch, stalk are removed during harvesting；Six are not " there is no seed piching cotton, without boll hull, without hair, noization
Fiber product is learned, without animal wool, no-sundries.
4th, to late-maturing and later stage plant cotton, should in time grasp ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid and accelerate the ripening, it is most in, late bell long-time
Application more than 40 days, 15～20 days before first frost, temperature sprayed at 20 DEG C ~ more than 25 DEG C；To select without rain during spray
At 10 points in the fine day morning meets rain and to respray once to afternoon 2 ~ 3 point, after spray；Cotton breeding breeds field, forbids being accelerated the ripening with medicine；With
Cross the cottonseed that medicine accelerates the ripening, it is impossible to give over to kind of a use.
In step 9：Do classification storage：The storage method of " three nets, five flowers ", " three nets " meaning are blossomed, plant is net,
Only, net shell, " five flowers " refers to branch, is dried, and shares, and rolls, sale.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned one exemplary embodiment, Er Qie
In the case of spirit or essential attributes without departing substantially from the present invention, the present invention can be in other specific forms realized.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, example all should be regarded as exemplary, and be nonrestrictive, the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Profit is required rather than described above is limited, it is intended that all in the implication and scope of the equivalency of claim by falling
Change is included in the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of cotton culture and picking method, comprise the following steps：One, seed selection；Two, seedbed preparation；Three, bask seeds before broadcasting；Four,
Begin sowing in good time；Five, seedling management；Six, flower bud phase management；Seven, flowering and boll-setting period management；Eight, pluck；Nine, storage；It is characterized in that：
S1：Suit measures to local conditions to choose seeds：Pure spring cotton is planted in the good plot of water and fertilizer condition, and it is necessary to choose, growth period is longer, resistant to lodging, volume increase
Potentiality are than larger Hybrid worm-resisted cotton；Secondly, if doing cornfield interplanting, it is necessary to buy shorter breeding time, late wheat, degeneration-resistant
Property strong, high yield high-quality Insect Resistant Cotton；Cotton seed purchase is advisable with fresh cotton seed；
S2：After autumn harvest, pull out cotton stalk and plough best, use sufficient base fertilizer, it then follows based on base manure, topdress supplemented by fertilization principle：It is organic
Based on fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizer；Using the chicken manure, ammonium chloride, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium chloride, borax, six kinds of raw materials of ammonium molybdate for becoming thoroughly decomposed by matching somebody with somebody
Than mixing, its raw material weight percentage is：The chicken manure for becoming thoroughly decomposed：65-75%, ammonium chloride：6-10%, Diammonium phosphate (DAP)：9-
18%th, potassium chloride：8-15%, borax：0.5 ~ 2.5%, ammonium molybdate：0.04 ~ 1.0%；Organosilicon 30-35%；And follow and use sufficient
Base fertilizer, gently applies seed manure, surely applies flower bud fertilizer, and heavy dressing is spent clever phase and foliage fertilization, accomplishes that K, N, P content and ratio are different；
S3：It is general to rob fine solarization 4 ~ 5 days prior to seeding, seed is spread on plank or seat, it is thick 6 ~ 10 centimetres, 3 ~ 5 are stirred daily
It is secondary, never it is exposed to the sun on the ground in cement or slabstone；
S4：The general ground temperature more than 5 degree is stable to start sowing in l6 degree；Film cotton suitable sowing date is substantially in April 25～29, dew
Ground cotton is substantially after April 27；Before broadcasting cotton, first fertilizer is uniformly sowed at soil with 12 row wheat seeders of 15 centimetres of line-spacing
In；Try one's best deep placement, then ground mill is flattened, broadcast cotton again after couple of days；
S5：Fill the gaps with seedlings, thinning, final singling must be careful；Middle weeding, timely stubble-cleaning, seedling stage intertillage is required：Early, diligent, deep, thin,
Thoroughly；
Hoe must be drawn after rain, after watering, is typically intertilled 4 ~ 5 times, be loosened the soil between strain 2 ~ 3 times, in the ranks 8 ~ 10 centimetres of depth, depth between strain
5 ~ 7 centimetres；Middle weeding is required：" early, diligent, thin ", and to promote seedling growth in combination with seed manure；
S6：Timely and appropriate discovery sprays growth regulator and prevention and elimination of disease and pests；
S7：Pinching is pruned, is pinched in good time；General pinching in Great Heat to the beginning of autumn is advisable and prevents and treats rotten peach；
S8：After cotton boll blowing, typically plucked once every 5～7 days；
Note during harvesting：
First, ripe cotton-wool is met after rain, and boll hull, cotton leaf, the pigment of Bao Ye can all pollute cotton fiber, go out pure white cotton fiber
Existing yin jaundice, cloudy red, greyish white spot etc.；Cloudy weather for several days running is being run into, can also caused to go rotten and be gone bad；Therefore, it should be noted that weather forecast, rob
The cotton picking before rain；
Simultaneously the aging peach that bottom has been turned to be yellow is also plucked in time, it is to avoid reduce cotton quality；
Second, " three " are prevented, " to ensure cotton quality, following measures should be taken：White cotton cap is worn when 1. plucking, is prevented
Human hair is fallen in cotton accidentally, and then causes cotton impure；2. the sack that cotton is used is filled, it is necessary to make using pure cotton cloth processing
Make；To try one's best away from poultry when 3. drying cotton, and on the sunny side, place dries etc.；
3rd, when " four points " refer to cotton picking, to hold flower, stiff valve cotton, landing cotton and separately pluck, separately dry, separately receive
Deposit, it is impossible to mix, to be classified sale；Levant cotton exocarp is drawn only when " four is net " refers to harvesting, and cotton branch is picked up only, and fall picking up on ground
Only, cotton leaf, branch, stalk are removed during harvesting；" six without ", in cotton-picking not band grass, without shell, without hair, without chemical fabrics,
Without animal wool, without debris；
4th, to late-maturing and later stage plant cotton, should in time grasp ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid and accelerate the ripening, it is most in, late bell long-time exceedes
The application of 40 days, 15～20 days before first frost, temperature sprayed at 20 DEG C ~ more than 25 DEG C；The fine day without rain is selected during spray
At 10 points in the morning meets rain and to respray once to afternoon 2 ~ 3 point, after spray；Cotton breeding breeds field, forbids being accelerated the ripening with medicine；Used medicine
The cottonseed that thing accelerates the ripening, it is impossible to give over to kind of a use；
S9：Do classification storage：The storage method of " three nets, five flowers ", " three nets " meaning are blossomed, plant is net, only, net shell, " five "
Branch is referred to, is dried, shared, rolled, sale.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610777868.1A CN106613059A (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | Cotton cultivating and picking method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610777868.1A CN106613059A (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | Cotton cultivating and picking method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106613059A true CN106613059A (en) | 2017-05-10 |
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ID=58852768
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610777868.1A Pending CN106613059A (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | Cotton cultivating and picking method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN106613059A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107135782A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-09-08 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Cultural method of the South Sinkiang without film cotton |
| CN107371470A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2017-11-24 | 湖南省棉花科学研究所 | A kind of cotton one broadcasts the live broadcasting method of full stand |
-
2016
- 2016-08-31 CN CN201610777868.1A patent/CN106613059A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107135782A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-09-08 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Cultural method of the South Sinkiang without film cotton |
| CN107371470A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2017-11-24 | 湖南省棉花科学研究所 | A kind of cotton one broadcasts the live broadcasting method of full stand |
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| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20170510 |
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| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |