CN106612753A - Method for preventing and curing gibberella ear rot of maize - Google Patents
Method for preventing and curing gibberella ear rot of maize Download PDFInfo
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- CN106612753A CN106612753A CN201611166209.0A CN201611166209A CN106612753A CN 106612753 A CN106612753 A CN 106612753A CN 201611166209 A CN201611166209 A CN 201611166209A CN 106612753 A CN106612753 A CN 106612753A
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- seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/46—Stemonaceae [Stemona family], e.g. croomia
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of maize cultivation and discloses a method for preventing and curing gibberella ear rot of maize. The method comprises the following steps: 1, processing seeds before sowing; 2, sowing; 3, performing pesticide application management in a trumpet period. After the seeds are processed by physical and chemical methods, the germination rate of the seeds improved, the seeds are neat in germination, and the pathogenic bacteria exists in the seeds are killed, and the disease and pest resistance of the seeds is improved; before sowing, the soil is deep ploughed, and chlorine dioxide solution and calcium peroxide powder free of toxic and side effects are added to achieve a sterilization effect and an antiviral effect and lay a foundation for cultivating certified seeds; traditional Chinese medicine formula medicament is used in a key period of maize, so that an effect of preventing and curing the gibberella ear rot of maize is further achieved, the morbidity is reduced to 0.5 to 0.8%, and the maize yield and the maize quality are greatly improved; meanwhile, the cultivated certified seeds have good disease resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to corn planting field, and in particular to a kind of method of preventing and treating maize kernel rot.
Background technology
Corn, is annual gramineae herbaceous plant, is important cereal crops and important feed resource, is also full generation
Boundary total output highest cereal crops.Corn belongs to grass family maize race, Zea maize seed, scientific name maize, corn
Ear of maize, maize, maize, maize are commonly called as, Hispanic Mexico and Peru is originated in along the band of Andean the foot of a mountain one.Columbus sends out
After existing American continent, in second return journey (1499), corn is taken to Spain.It is beautiful with the development of world's shipping industry
Rice has gradually been passed to all over the world, becomes one of most important cereal crops.Corn have the laudatory title of life prolonging food, containing abundant
Protein, fat, vitamin, trace element, cellulose and polysaccharide etc., with exploitation high nutrition, high biological function food
Great potential.It, most suitable as the kind of the raw material of industry, is also processing stage highest grain that corn is in Three major grain crops
Food crop.The characteristics of corn producing industry is that processing space is big, industry chain length, product extremely enrich, including starch, starch sugar, change
Property the big series of starch, alcohol, enzyme preparation, flavouring, medicinal, chemical industry etc. eight, but mainly starch and alcohol, other products are mostly
Its value of the deeper processed goods of the two products or the byproduct of production, these profound processed goods or byproduct is suitable
It is high that there is higher added value, high profit just can be brought therewith.The disease most easily caused in corn planting is ear rot, one
Denier infects, and the incidence of disease reaches more than 45%, occurs the water stain shape scab of brown after small ear is aggrieved, gradually spreads to full fringe, makes disease fringe withered
Yellow, seed is shrivelled, mildew and rot.By sick seed pitchy or bronzing, 100-grain weight reduces by more than 1/2, deterioration.After people and animals are edible
Toxic reaction, experimental observation can be caused：When being mixed into 20% ill seed in raw grain, puckery bitter, the taste acid of mouthfeel is smelly when people is edible, excessive
It is edible occur weakness of limbs, heating, Nausea and vomiting, abdomen rise, suffer from abdominal pain, the symptom such as dizziness；The domestic animals such as horse, mule, donkey, pig are feeding
When there is diarrhoea, food refusal, the speed of growth such as slows down at the phenomenon.Ear rot cause of disease is widely distributed, therefore infects probability greatly, and preventing and treating is tired
Difficulty, uses chemistry of pesticide reagent that the disease resistance of corn is deteriorated in a large number at present, and kind Optimality declines, and environment is caused
Certain harm.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the difficult problem that current corn ear rot is difficult to prevent and treat, the invention provides a kind of preventing and treating maize kernel rot
Method, with taking effect substantially, improves the disease resistance of corn, not there is a problem of repeated infection, improves the yield of corn.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of method of preventing and treating maize kernel rot, comprises the following steps：
（1）Plantation before sowing is processed
Corn seed is soaked into 2-3 hours using magnetized water, germination percentage and the life of corn seed can be improved after Soaked In The Magnetized Water
Long speed, can shorten the corn growth cycle, reduce corn kernel water content, can effectively reduce the disease of harvest corn and storage period
Bacterium infection rate, is dressed seed after taking-up using seed dressing, and the seed dressing contains substantial amounts of antiviral antipathogenic composition, can effectively kill kind
Pathogenic bacteria present in son, also improve the resistant to diseases and insects of seed, and the seed dressing is made up of in parts by weight following raw material：
Big fruit elm seed 15-18 parts, elm bark 16-19 parts, Spiraea thunbergii 13-15 parts, mashed garlic 8-10 parts, cinnamomum camphora oil 3-5 parts, silver
Apricot leaf extract 2-4 parts, pomegranate seed grounds travel 4-6 part, help strong element 0.1-0.2 parts；
（2）Sowing
Before sowing, ClO 2 solution and calcium peroxide powder that concentration is 10-20ppm, usage amount point are sprinkled on planting site
Not Wei thousand grams/acre of 20-25, thousand grams/acre of 5-8, destroy the growing environment of germ, sterilizing and anti-virus effect is good, turns over and buries, and turns over
Tilling depth degree is 20-30 centimetre, and the seed after seed dressing is sowed, and is after planting covered using white film, can accelerate growth,
The film pushed aside in time in seed bud after seed germination, the earthing around root stablizes root；
（3）Trumpet period dispenser is managed
Trumpet period is entered in corn, using a kind of prescription medicament milpa body is sprayed on, the medicament active ingredient is by weight
It is calculated as：Tuber of stemona 16-18 parts, fruit of summer cypress 14-17 parts, root bark of white mulberry 13-15 parts, garden burnet 12-14 parts, giant knotweed 11-13 parts, root tuber of aromatic turmeric 8-10
Part, Fructus meliae toosendan 9-11 parts, tangerine seed 7-9 parts, semen litchi 6-8 parts, by the medicament that mass concentration is 40% 80-100ppm is diluted to,
Every mu of usage amount is 30-40 kilogram.
Used as further describing to such scheme, the seed dressing preparation method is：The raw material of above-mentioned weight portion is weighed,
By big fruit elm seed be put into streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution ferment 2-3 days, by fermentation after big fruit elm seed take out after with elm bark, treasure
Pearl meadow sweet is pulverized, and adds residual components to mix, be blended into be its 2-3 times of volume water heating lower stirring 30-40 minutes, plus
Hot temperature is 50-60 DEG C, obtains final product the seed dressing, and the seed dressing consumption is few and effect is good, environmentally friendly, safe.
Used as further describing to such scheme, the using method of the seed dressing is：By the seed dressing after cooling with
Corn seed is according to 1：2 ratio seed dressing, the seed dressing time is 40-50 minutes, and seed dressing process will be stirred continuously, and kind is dried after seed dressing
Son can sowing.
Used as further describing to such scheme, the prescription medicament sprays in the dusk, altogether using 2 times, makes for the second time
The phase is formed used in typhon mouth, total amount is the dilution medicament that 1 kilogram of mixing Chinese medicine can be configured to 50-60 kilogram.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：Corn seed not only increases sprouting for seed after physics and chemical method are processed
The rate of sending out, sprouts neat, and kills pathogenic bacteria present in seed, also improves the resistant to diseases and insects of seed, right before sowing
Soil is ploughed deeply, and adds the ClO 2 solution and calcium peroxide powder having no toxic side effect, and serves sterilizing and anti-virus work
With, lay the first stone to cultivate fine seed strains, Chinese medicine preparation medicament is used in the critical period of corn, further function as preventing and treating corncob rotten
The effect of disease, by the incidence of disease 0.5-0.8% is reduced to, and substantially increases corn yield quality, while cultivating the breeding tool for obtaining
There is good disease resistance.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described further with reference to specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of preventing and treating maize kernel rot, comprises the following steps：
（1）Plantation before sowing is processed
Corn seed is soaked 2 hours using magnetized water, germination percentage and the growth of corn seed can be improved after Soaked In The Magnetized Water
Speed, can shorten the corn growth cycle, reduce corn kernel water content, can effectively reduce the germ of harvest corn and storage period
Infection rate, is dressed seed after taking-up using seed dressing, and the seed dressing contains substantial amounts of antiviral antipathogenic composition, can effectively kill seed
Present in pathogenic bacteria, also improve the resistant to diseases and insects of seed, the seed dressing is made up of in parts by weight following raw material：Greatly
15 parts of fruit elm seed, 16 parts of elm bark, 13 parts of Spiraea thunbergii, 8 parts of mashed garlic, 3 parts of cinnamomum camphora oil, 2 parts of ginkgo biloba p.e, stone
4 parts of pomegranate seed grounds travel, help strong 0.1 part of element；
（2）Sowing
Before sowing, ClO 2 solution and calcium peroxide powder that concentration is 10ppm are sprinkled on planting site, usage amount is respectively
20000 grams/acre, 5,000 grams/acre, the growing environment of germ is destroyed, sterilizing and anti-virus effect is good, turns over and buries, and ploughed depth is
20 centimetres, the seed after seed dressing is sowed, after planting covered using white film, growth can be accelerated, treated seed germination
The film pushed aside in time in seed bud afterwards, the earthing around root stablizes root；
（3）Trumpet period dispenser is managed
Trumpet period is entered in corn, using a kind of prescription medicament milpa body is sprayed on, the medicament active ingredient is by weight
It is calculated as：16 parts of the tuber of stemona, 14 parts of the fruit of summer cypress, 13 parts of the root bark of white mulberry, 12 parts of garden burnet, 11 parts of giant knotweed, 8 parts of root tuber of aromatic turmeric, 9 parts of Fructus meliae toosendan, tangerine seed 7
Part, 6 parts of semen litchi, by the medicament that mass concentration is 40% 80ppm is diluted to, and every mu of usage amount is 30 kilograms.
Used as further describing to such scheme, the seed dressing preparation method is：The raw material of above-mentioned weight portion is weighed,
By big fruit elm seed be put into streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution ferment 2 days, by fermentation after big fruit elm seed take out after with elm bark, pearl
Meadow sweet is pulverized, and adds residual components to mix, be blended into be its 2 times of volumes the lower stirring of water heating 30 minutes, heating-up temperature
For 50 DEG C, the seed dressing is obtained final product, the seed dressing consumption is few and effect is good, environmentally friendly, safe.
Used as further describing to such scheme, the using method of the seed dressing is：By the seed dressing after cooling with
Corn seed is according to 1：2 ratio seed dressing, the seed dressing time is 40 minutes, and seed dressing process will be stirred continuously, and seed is dried after seed dressing
Can sowing.
Used as further describing to such scheme, the prescription medicament sprays in the dusk, altogether using 2 times, makes for the second time
The phase is formed used in typhon mouth, total amount is the dilution medicament that 1 kilogram of mixing Chinese medicine can be configured to 50 kilograms.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of preventing and treating maize kernel rot, comprises the following steps：
（1）Plantation before sowing is processed
Corn seed is soaked 2.5 hours using magnetized water, germination percentage and the life of corn seed can be improved after Soaked In The Magnetized Water
Long speed, can shorten the corn growth cycle, reduce corn kernel water content, can effectively reduce the disease of harvest corn and storage period
Bacterium infection rate, is dressed seed after taking-up using seed dressing, and the seed dressing contains substantial amounts of antiviral antipathogenic composition, can effectively kill kind
Pathogenic bacteria present in son, also improve the resistant to diseases and insects of seed, and the seed dressing is made up of in parts by weight following raw material：
Big 16 parts of fruit elm seed, 17 parts of elm bark, 14 parts of Spiraea thunbergii, 9 parts of mashed garlic, 4 parts of cinnamomum camphora oil, 3 parts of ginkgo biloba p.e,
5 parts of pomegranate seed grounds travel, help strong 0.15 part of element；
（2）Sowing
Before sowing, ClO 2 solution and calcium peroxide powder that concentration is 15ppm are sprinkled on planting site, usage amount is respectively
22000 grams/acre, 6,000 grams/acre, the growing environment of germ is destroyed, sterilizing and anti-virus effect is good, turns over and buries, and ploughed depth is
25 centimetres, the seed after seed dressing is sowed, after planting covered using white film, growth can be accelerated, treated seed germination
The film pushed aside in time in seed bud afterwards, the earthing around root stablizes root；
（3）Trumpet period dispenser is managed
Trumpet period is entered in corn, using a kind of prescription medicament milpa body is sprayed on, the medicament active ingredient is by weight
It is calculated as：17 parts of the tuber of stemona, 15 parts of the fruit of summer cypress, 14 parts of the root bark of white mulberry, 13 parts of garden burnet, 12 parts of giant knotweed, 9 parts of root tuber of aromatic turmeric, 10 parts of Fructus meliae toosendan, tangerine seed
8 parts, 7 parts of semen litchi, by the medicament that mass concentration is 40% 90ppm is diluted to, and every mu of usage amount is 35 kilograms.
Used as further describing to such scheme, the seed dressing preparation method is：The raw material of above-mentioned weight portion is weighed,
By big fruit elm seed be put into streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution ferment 2 days, by fermentation after big fruit elm seed take out after with elm bark, pearl
Meadow sweet is pulverized, and adds residual components to mix, be blended into be its 2.5 times of volumes the lower stirring of water heating 35 minutes, heating temperature
Spend for 55 DEG C, obtain final product the seed dressing, the seed dressing consumption is few and effect is good, environmentally friendly, safe.
Used as further describing to such scheme, the using method of the seed dressing is：By the seed dressing after cooling with
Corn seed is according to 1：2 ratio seed dressing, the seed dressing time is 45 minutes, and seed dressing process will be stirred continuously, and seed is dried after seed dressing
Can sowing.
Used as further describing to such scheme, the prescription medicament sprays in the dusk, altogether using 2 times, makes for the second time
The phase is formed used in typhon mouth, total amount is the dilution medicament that 1 kilogram of mixing Chinese medicine can be configured to 55 kilograms.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method of preventing and treating maize kernel rot, comprises the following steps：
（1）Plantation before sowing is processed
Corn seed is soaked 3 hours using magnetized water, germination percentage and the growth of corn seed can be improved after Soaked In The Magnetized Water
Speed, can shorten the corn growth cycle, reduce corn kernel water content, can effectively reduce the germ of harvest corn and storage period
Infection rate, is dressed seed after taking-up using seed dressing, and the seed dressing contains substantial amounts of antiviral antipathogenic composition, can effectively kill seed
Present in pathogenic bacteria, also improve the resistant to diseases and insects of seed, the seed dressing is made up of in parts by weight following raw material：Greatly
18 parts of fruit elm seed, 19 parts of elm bark, 15 parts of Spiraea thunbergii, 10 parts of mashed garlic, cinnamomum camphora oil 5 parts, 4 parts of ginkgo biloba p.e,
6 parts of pomegranate seed grounds travel, help strong 0.2 part of element；
（2）Sowing
Before sowing, ClO 2 solution and calcium peroxide powder that concentration is 20ppm are sprinkled on planting site, usage amount is respectively
25000 grams/acre, 8,000 grams/acre, the growing environment of germ is destroyed, sterilizing and anti-virus effect is good, turns over and buries, and ploughed depth is
30 centimetres, the seed after seed dressing is sowed, after planting covered using white film, growth can be accelerated, treated seed germination
The film pushed aside in time in seed bud afterwards, the earthing around root stablizes root；
（3）Trumpet period dispenser is managed
Trumpet period is entered in corn, using a kind of prescription medicament milpa body is sprayed on, the medicament active ingredient is by weight
It is calculated as：18 parts of the tuber of stemona, 17 parts of the fruit of summer cypress, 15 parts of the root bark of white mulberry, 14 parts of garden burnet, 13 parts of giant knotweed, 10 parts of root tuber of aromatic turmeric, 11 parts of Fructus meliae toosendan, tangerine
9 parts of core, 8 parts of semen litchi, by the medicament that mass concentration is 40% 100ppm is diluted to, and every mu of usage amount is 40 kilograms.
Used as further describing to such scheme, the seed dressing preparation method is：The raw material of above-mentioned weight portion is weighed,
By big fruit elm seed be put into streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution ferment 3 days, by fermentation after big fruit elm seed take out after with elm bark, pearl
Meadow sweet is pulverized, and adds residual components to mix, be blended into be its 3 times of volumes the lower stirring of water heating 40 minutes, heating-up temperature
For 60 DEG C, the seed dressing is obtained final product, the seed dressing consumption is few and effect is good, environmentally friendly, safe.
Used as further describing to such scheme, the using method of the seed dressing is：By the seed dressing after cooling with
Corn seed is according to 1：2 ratio seed dressing, the seed dressing time is 50 minutes, and seed dressing process will be stirred continuously, and seed is dried after seed dressing
Can sowing.
Used as further describing to such scheme, the prescription medicament sprays in the dusk, altogether using 2 times, makes for the second time
The phase is formed used in typhon mouth, total amount is the dilution medicament that 1 kilogram of mixing Chinese medicine can be configured to 60 kilograms.
Contrast test
Areal experimental plot is selected to carry out corn planting test, using identical corn seed, respectively using the side of the present invention
Method and existing method（As a control group）Preventing and treating maize kernel rot, will prevent and treat result and records as shown in the table：
| Project | Germination rate（%） | The incidence of disease（%） | Output increased（%） |
| Embodiment 1 | 98.7 | 0.6 | 24.8 |
| Embodiment 2 | 99.2 | 0.5 | 25.4 |
| Embodiment 3 | 98.9 | 0.7 | 24.7 |
| Control group | 87.5 | 15.7 | Control |
It is can be found that by comparing：The present invention has good prevention effect for maize kernel rot, can be reduced to the incidence of disease
0.5%, it is full uniform to tie corn particle, output increased 25.4%, while also improving the disease resistance of seed, gained corn is made
For seed after planting, disease resistance improves 37%, there is great meaning to cultivating fine seed strains.
Claims (4)
1. it is a kind of preventing and treating maize kernel rot method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Plantation before sowing is processed
Corn seed is soaked into 2-3 hours using magnetized water, is dressed seed using seed dressing after taking-up, the seed dressing is in parts by weight
It is made up of following raw material：Big fruit elm seed 15-18 parts, elm bark 16-19 parts, Spiraea thunbergii 13-15 parts, mashed garlic 8-10
Part, cinnamomum camphora oil 3-5 parts, ginkgo biloba p.e 2-4 parts, pomegranate seed grounds travel 4-6 part, help strong element 0.1-0.2 parts；
（2）Sowing
Before sowing, ClO 2 solution and calcium peroxide powder that concentration is 10-20ppm, usage amount point are sprinkled on planting site
Not Wei thousand grams/acre of 20-25, thousand grams/acre of 5-8, turn over and bury, ploughed depth be 20-30 centimetre, the seed after seed dressing is broadcast
Kind, after planting covered using white film, the film pushed aside in time in seed bud after seed germination, the earthing around root；
（3）Trumpet period dispenser is managed
Trumpet period is entered in corn, using a kind of prescription medicament milpa body is sprayed on, the medicament active ingredient is by weight
It is calculated as：Tuber of stemona 16-18 parts, fruit of summer cypress 14-17 parts, root bark of white mulberry 13-15 parts, garden burnet 12-14 parts, giant knotweed 11-13 parts, root tuber of aromatic turmeric 8-10
Part, Fructus meliae toosendan 9-11 parts, tangerine seed 7-9 parts, semen litchi 6-8 parts, by the medicament that mass concentration is 40% 80-100ppm is diluted to,
Every mu of usage amount is 30-40 kilogram.
2. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of preventing and treating maize kernel rot method, it is characterised in that the seed dressing preparation side
Method is：The raw material of above-mentioned weight portion is weighed, big fruit elm seed is put into streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution and is fermented 2-3 days, after fermentation
Big fruit elm seed is pulverized after taking out with elm bark, Spiraea thunbergii, adds residual components to mix, and it is its 2-3 times of body to be blended into
Long-pending water heating lower stirring 30-40 minutes, heating-up temperature is 50-60 DEG C, obtains final product the seed dressing.
3. it is according to claim 1 and 2 it is a kind of preventing and treating maize kernel rot method, it is characterised in that the seed dressing
Using method is：By the seed dressing after cooling and corn seed according to 1：2 ratio seed dressing, the seed dressing time is 40-50 minutes, is mixed
The process of kind will be stirred continuously, and sow by seed is dried after seed dressing.
4. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of preventing and treating maize kernel rot method, it is characterised in that the prescription medicament is being close to
Evening sprinkling, altogether using 2 times, forms the phase using in typhon mouth for the second time, and total amount is that 1 kilogram of mixing Chinese medicine can be configured to
50-60 kilogram of dilution medicament.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611166209.0A CN106612753A (en) | 2016-12-16 | 2016-12-16 | Method for preventing and curing gibberella ear rot of maize |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611166209.0A CN106612753A (en) | 2016-12-16 | 2016-12-16 | Method for preventing and curing gibberella ear rot of maize |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106612753A true CN106612753A (en) | 2017-05-10 |
Family
ID=58822674
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611166209.0A Pending CN106612753A (en) | 2016-12-16 | 2016-12-16 | Method for preventing and curing gibberella ear rot of maize |
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Application publication date: 20170510 |