CN106562339A - 一种食用菌发酵双网络凝胶果冻及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种食用菌发酵双网络凝胶果冻,包括以下重量份组分:菠萝汁、玉米浆、葡萄糖、乳酸、木醋杆菌、桃胶、膨化藕粉、食用菌、海洋鱼低聚肽粉、青稞麦绿素提取物、葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯、柠檬酸钠、木糖醇、适量的去离子水、适量的水。本发明采用熬煮的菠萝汁、玉米浆为主料配合营养物质食用菌、海洋鱼低聚肽粉、青稞麦绿素提取物发酵制备纤维素发酵果冻,果冻具有良好的感官品质以及良好的保健效果,具有高蛋白、低脂肪、低热量、多功效的特点,还具有抗肿瘤、降血脂、抗病毒和免疫调节等功效。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及果冻技术领域,尤其涉及一种食用菌发酵双网络凝胶果冻及其制备方法。
背景技术
果冻亦称咖喱,是以水、食糖和增稠剂等为原料,经溶胶、调配、灌装、杀菌、冷却等工序加工而成的胶冻食品,其外观晶莹通透,口感软滑爽脆,风味清甜滋润,深受妇女儿童的喜爱,是当今市场上老少皆宜的一种休闲食品。虽然目前市场上的果冻种类繁多,但大多数营养价值低,保健功能有效,而且在果冻的制备过程中往往加入了过量的食品添加剂,会对消费者产生不良的影响。因此开发营养价值高,具有一定保健功效的果实意义重大。
细菌纤维素是一种可膳食纤维,具有良好的持水性、凝胶特性、稳定性等特点,可作为食品的成型剂、增粘剂,同时作为健康纤维食品,可以降低胆固醇,增强消化功能。张海悦、闫小娟、赵伟《细菌纤维素发酵果冻的研制》采用菠萝汁和玉米浆为原料,经木醋杆菌发酵制备的细菌纤维素发酵果冻,具有营养丰富、酸甜可口,富有弹性和增强消化功能、预防便秘、预防肿瘤和防癌等多重保健功效的特点。但是该果冻的原料来源单调,营养单一,如果通过添加原料来丰富果冻影响,细菌纤维素的产量也受到原料种类、数量以及发酵环境的影响,这些都一定程度上影响了该细菌纤维素发酵果冻的营养、口感、质地以及经济效益。
开发高品质的细菌纤维素发酵果冻对果冻行业的发展具有重要的意义。
桃胶(peachresin),是桃树(蔷薇科植物)的树干受机械损伤(如虫咬、切伤等)或致病后分泌出来的胶质半透明物质。桃胶为桃红色或淡黄色至黄褐色半透明固体块状,外表平滑,一般只能浸胀,不容易完全溶解,水溶液呈粘性,属多糖类物质,其主要成分是多糖、蛋白质等,其他物质含量极少。其多糖由半乳糖、阿拉伯糖、鼠李糖、葡萄糖醛酸等成分组成。桃胶主治石淋、血淋、痢疾,现代研究表明,桃胶具有降血糖和降血脂、缓解压力、抗皱嫩肤的功效。而桃胶在常温下仅能在水中溶胀,因此添加量十分少,所以桃胶的利用往往受到限制。同时关于桃胶作为发酵培养基的报道更是鲜少。
发明内容
本发明目的就是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷,提供一种食用菌发酵双网络凝胶果冻及其制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种食用菌发酵双网络凝胶果冻,包括以下重量份组分:菠萝汁69-70、玉米浆11-12、葡萄糖1-1.2、乳酸1.9-2、木醋杆菌0.6-0.7、桃胶1.2-1.3、膨化藕粉0.5-0.6、食用菌12-13、海洋鱼低聚肽粉0.2-0.3、青稞麦绿素提取物0.003-0.005、葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯0.001-0.002、柠檬酸钠0.01-0.02、木糖醇0.2-0.3、适量的去离子水、适量的水。
所述的一种食用菌发酵双网络凝胶果冻的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将菠萝汁、玉米浆、葡萄糖、乳酸以及总重量2-3倍的水混合搅拌均匀,然后小火熬煮28-30min,得浆液一备用;
(2)将食用菌低温18℃烘干,然后采用超微粉碎机粉碎,得食用菌粉,将食用菌粉、海洋鱼低聚肽粉、青稞麦绿素提取物混合烘焙至熟化,得熟化复合粉,将熟化复合粉、葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯、柠檬酸钠、木糖醇以及总重量3-5倍的水混合搅拌,采用均质机均匀处理3-5min,并在90℃灭酶处理5s,得混合料一备用;
(3)将桃胶中加入2-3倍的去离子水,在38℃下溶胀10h,之后加入膨化藕粉混合搅拌均匀,采用搅拌研磨机研磨分散均匀,在加入一半木醋杆菌混合搅拌均匀,得以桃胶为培养基的菌液一备用;
(4)将浆液一灭菌后在无菌环境中均匀接种剩余一半木醋杆菌,得发酵料一;将混合料一在无菌环境中和以桃胶为培养基的菌液一混合搅拌均匀,得发酵料二;
(5)先将发酵料一在28℃下静置发酵2.4-3h,将发酵料二在36℃下振荡发酵2-3h,之后将两者混合,并在32℃下先振荡发酵6-8h,之后在32℃下静置发酵14-15h即得。
本发明的优点是:
本发明采用熬煮的菠萝汁、玉米浆为主料配合营养物质食用菌、海洋鱼低聚肽粉、青稞麦绿素提取物发酵制备纤维素发酵果冻,果冻具有良好的感官品质以及良好的保健效果,具有具有高蛋白、低脂肪、低热量、多功效的特点,还具有抗肿瘤、降血脂、抗病毒和免疫调节等功效。
针对加入的营养物质食用菌与主料直接混合影响果冻品质的问题,本发明采用具有强营养功效高黏性可以增稠的具有营养功效的桃胶配合膨化藕粉作为木醋杆菌的培养基,对营养物质的混合料液进行发酵,藕粉一方面作为凝胶剂,另一方面具备益胃健脾、养血补益、止泻等保健功效,和木醋杆菌直接对主料的发酵通过振荡实现协同发酵,形成双网络凝胶结构的纤维素发酵果冻,提升了纤维素发酵果冻的凝胶性能、弹性等感官品质以及营养保健功效。
具体实施方式
一种食用菌发酵双网络凝胶果冻,包括以下重量份组分:菠萝汁69、玉米浆11、葡萄糖1、乳酸1.9、木醋杆菌0.6、桃胶1.2、膨化藕粉0.5、食用菌12、海洋鱼低聚肽粉0.2、青稞麦绿素提取物0.003、葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯0.001、柠檬酸钠0.01、木糖醇0.2、适量的去离子水、适量的水。
所述的一种食用菌发酵双网络凝胶果冻的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将菠萝汁、玉米浆、葡萄糖、乳酸以及总重量2倍的水混合搅拌均匀,然后小火熬煮28min,得浆液一备用;
(2)将食用菌低温18℃烘干,然后采用超微粉碎机粉碎,得食用菌粉,将食用菌粉、海洋鱼低聚肽粉、青稞麦绿素提取物混合烘焙至熟化,得熟化复合粉,将熟化复合粉、葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯、柠檬酸钠、木糖醇以及总重量3倍的水混合搅拌,采用均质机均匀处理3min,并在90℃灭酶处理5s,得混合料一备用;
(3)将桃胶中加入2倍的去离子水,在38℃下溶胀10h,之后加入膨化藕粉混合搅拌均匀,采用搅拌研磨机研磨分散均匀,在加入一半木醋杆菌混合搅拌均匀,得以桃胶为培养基的菌液一备用;
(4)将浆液一灭菌后在无菌环境中均匀接种剩余一半木醋杆菌,得发酵料一;将混合料一在无菌环境中和以桃胶为培养基的菌液一混合搅拌均匀,得发酵料二;
(5)先将发酵料一在28℃下静置发酵2.4h,将发酵料二在36℃下振荡发酵2h,之后将两者混合,并在32℃下先振荡发酵6h,之后在32℃下静置发酵14h即得。
Claims (2)
1.一种食用菌发酵双网络凝胶果冻,其特征在于,包括以下重量份组分:菠萝汁69-70、玉米浆11-12、葡萄糖1-1.2、乳酸1.9-2、木醋杆菌0.6-0.7、桃胶1.2-1.3、膨化藕粉0.5-0.6、食用菌12-13、海洋鱼低聚肽粉0.2-0.3、青稞麦绿素提取物0.003-0.005、葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯0.001-0.002、柠檬酸钠0.01-0.02、木糖醇0.2-0.3、适量的去离子水、适量的水。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种食用菌发酵双网络凝胶果冻的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将菠萝汁、玉米浆、葡萄糖、乳酸以及总重量2-3倍的水混合搅拌均匀,然后小火熬煮28-30min,得浆液一备用;
(2)将食用菌低温18℃烘干,然后采用超微粉碎机粉碎,得食用菌粉,将食用菌粉、海洋鱼低聚肽粉、青稞麦绿素提取物混合烘焙至熟化,得熟化复合粉,将熟化复合粉、葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯、柠檬酸钠、木糖醇以及总重量3-5倍的水混合搅拌,采用均质机均匀处理3-5min,并在90℃灭酶处理5s,得混合料一备用;
(3)将桃胶中加入2-3倍的去离子水,在38℃下溶胀10h,之后加入膨化藕粉混合搅拌均匀,采用搅拌研磨机研磨分散均匀,在加入一半木醋杆菌混合搅拌均匀,得以桃胶为培养基的菌液一备用;
(4)将浆液一灭菌后在无菌环境中均匀接种剩余一半木醋杆菌,得发酵料一;将混合料一在无菌环境中和以桃胶为培养基的菌液一混合搅拌均匀,得发酵料二;
(5)先将发酵料一在28℃下静置发酵2.4-3h,将发酵料二在36℃下振荡发酵2-3h,之后将两者混合,并在32℃下先振荡发酵6-8h,之后在32℃下静置发酵14-15h即得。
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