CN106546091A - A kind of bergamot fruit drying equipment and its drying meanss - Google Patents
A kind of bergamot fruit drying equipment and its drying meanss Download PDFInfo
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- CN106546091A CN106546091A CN201510978531.2A CN201510978531A CN106546091A CN 106546091 A CN106546091 A CN 106546091A CN 201510978531 A CN201510978531 A CN 201510978531A CN 106546091 A CN106546091 A CN 106546091A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/10—Temperature; Pressure
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N12/00—Machines for cleaning, blanching, drying or roasting fruits or vegetables, e.g. coffee, cocoa, nuts
- A23N12/08—Machines for cleaning, blanching, drying or roasting fruits or vegetables, e.g. coffee, cocoa, nuts for drying or roasting
- A23N12/083—Machines for cleaning, blanching, drying or roasting fruits or vegetables, e.g. coffee, cocoa, nuts for drying or roasting with stirring, vibrating or grinding devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/50—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
- F26B23/10—Heating arrangements using tubes or passages containing heated fluids, e.g. acting as radiative elements; Closed-loop systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/85—Food storage or conservation, e.g. cooling or drying
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of bergamot fruit product drying equipment and its drying meanss, wherein bergamot fruit drying equipment includes heating system and drying production line, it is characterized in that, the heating system is using solar energy as main heating source, including air-thermal conductivity oil compound slab solar thermal collector and thermal conductivity oil energy storage heating plant, it is aided with air source heat pump, and realizes heat recovery；The drying production line possesses tunnel drier and PLC control cabinet；Bergamot fruit drying meanss, heating system provides temperature stabilization dry-heat air, the different types of product of bergamot fruit carries out stage drying in the dry section backheating wind for forming temperature ladder difference, realize that vibration overturns and be atomized uniform in range of atomization, whole dry run realizes intelligent and automatization by PLC full-automatic control systems, the beneficial effect of efficient energy-saving is reached, while and substantially ensure that the hygienic quality of bergamot fruit, improve product quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fruit jelly technical field of drying, and in particular to a kind of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis fruit series products full-automatic energy-saving dry technology.
Background technology
Bergamot fruit also known as Fructus Citri Sarcodactyliss, are Rutaceae evergreen dungarunga.Save in Fujian Guangdong, river and Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces etc. in China's main product.Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis nature and flavor are pungent, bitter, sour, warm, containing a variety of Chinese medicine composition such as citropten., diosmin, Hesperidin, flavonoid glycoside and active polysaccharides, the effects such as with invigorating the spleen and regulating the stomach, relaxing muscles and tendons to promote blood circulation, activating QI to eliminate phlegm；Bergamot fruit is nutritious, protein（1.2%）And vitamin C（9.45mg/100g）Content is high, has the advantages that sodium low in calories, low and high potassium, distinctive Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis Oleum sesami, even more a kind of rare spice.
The Guangdong-style preserved fruits industry of Tang and Song Dynasty is started from, has exceeded thousand loads, be the traditional food that China has local characteristic.Since the Ming Dynasty, Chaozhou-Shantou region villager just understands and adds bergamot fruit with several kinds of Chinese medicinal materials, is processed into the homologous fruit jelly product of medicated diet, its color is glossy pitch-dark, state is continuous such as cream, the effects such as with going to accumulate wind-dispelling, qi-regulating of whetting the appetite, acting as expectorant, can treat for stomachache, abdominal distention, the disease such as vomiting and abundant expectoration cough and asthma；In addition by fresh bergamot fruit chip drying, can use as excellent medical material.
During fruit jelly is produced, drying is one important operation, its objective is to remove the moisture pickled in rear semi-finished product, in order to further deep processing, transport, storage and use.At present, manufacturer still uses traditional outdoor natural suning method when Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis fruit jelly is dried mostly, it is although more convenient using the method, energy free consumption, but this method is without facilities such as protection against rodents, flyproof worm, anti-foreign bodies, easily cause product contaminated, also have that occupation of land is more, the drawback such as labor strength is big, while, this method is affected greatly, to be produced in rainy weather completely by weather.In addition, the general scale of out-of-door drying method is smaller, efficiency is also than relatively low, it is difficult to which industry is run business big and strong.There is part producer to be dried to agricultural byproducts such as fruit jellies using oven drying method at present, wherein using it is more be to be dried in sealing space using steam or electric energy as thermal source, but this method consumes mass energy, operating cost is higher, it is also possible to produce a large amount of fire emissions simultaneously, does not meet the theory of Modern Green production.The Green production method that Ye You producers are dried as thermal source using solar energy, also there is the Green production method being dried using solar energy drying room, solar energy air heat collector heats air efficiency high, but have the shortcomings that capacity is little, heat-insulating property is bad, overcast and rainy and night cannot produce, while the high labor intensive of workman；Night complementary heating is carried out using water tank in solar energy storage mode, but thermal conversion efficiency is low, hot air drying temperature is undesirable.
Produced in the mode of hot blast using solar energy, air collector is high because of the thermal efficiency, firing rate is fast thus be widely used, but solar energy irradiation exists intermittent, even if on sunny daytime, the irradiation of the sun can also be changed, and even cloud hides the situation for also occurring that hot blast temperature is reduced day sometimes, and which is suitable for being dried without the common fruit jelly being strict with to baking temperature, drying time.Liquid for heat collection device, generally uses water to heat medium, and hot blast temperature is relatively stable, but thermal conversion efficiency is relatively low, and hot air drying temperature is undesirable.Thermal conductivity oil homogeneous heating, homoiothermic temperature control accurately, can quickly produce high temperature at low pressure, and heat-transfer effect is good, can be used as good energy storage and heat eliminating medium.
Because of its Chinese medicine ingredients and abundant nutrition material, to hot hypersensitivity, continuously production also has higher requirements bergamot fruit to hot blast temperature stability for industrialization, while the special aromatic odor of bergamot fruit, should be given and reservation in hot-air drying process as far as possible.Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis are dried specification and pickle four kinds of whole fruit, strip, bulk and lamellar, bergamot fruit type, size, heating surface area, final moisture content are different, dry condition is also differed to useful load, temperature, humidity, wind speed, conveying tape speed, such as the whole fruit that pin hole is processed, need to slowly be dried in the slightly lower hot blast of temperature, and block need can rapid draing at higher temperatures；Whole fruit and lamellar are without atomization process, but strip and bulk then need glycerol atomization moisturizing；Sealing tunnel posterior segment is dried in addition, and hot blast humidity should not be too dry, in order to avoid destruction Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis fruit jelly quality.
In order to solve the technical problem that above-mentioned bergamot fruit dry run is present, it is necessary prior art is improved with equipment, probe into a kind of PLC full-automatic control systems, the hot blast of temperature stabilization is provided, meet the apparatus and method that many specification bergamot fruit high-quality are dried, both efficient energy-saving, realized health, safety and automated production again.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the present invention proposes a kind of bergamot fruit drying equipment, including heating system and drying production line, the heating system is using solar energy as main heating source, which includes air-thermal conductivity oil compound slab solar thermal collector, thermal conductivity oil energy storage heating plant and air source heat pump, and the heating system can realize heat recovery；The heating system provided the hot blast of temperature stabilization by air-thermal conductivity oil compound slab solar thermal collector and thermal conductivity oil energy storage heating plant, is transported to drying production line to be dried bergamot fruit on sunny daytime, and overcast and rainy or night starts air source heat pump；The drying production line possesses tunnel drier and PLC control cabinet；The tunnel drier is divided into dry section and range of atomization, the integrated full-automatic control system of the PLC control cabinet, and each monitoring parameter change of dry run is intuitively shown on computer contact screen, and operational control is carried out by touch screen, realize the intelligent and automatization of dry run；The PLC full-automatic control systems, include temperature system, humidity system, three Monitor And Control Subsystems of wind speed system on logical level；It is characterized in that：The drying equipment is also included and is dried subsystem according to whole dried fruitss drying system, lamellar drying system, strip drying system and block drying system four that the bergamot fruit of different size is dried feature and develops；Wherein described range of atomization includes jigging conveyer, nebulizer, dividing plate, electric eye, transition bridge plate；The range of atomization is located at drying alley machine back segment, and range of atomization is spaced apart by the dividing plate with dry section；The hopper discharge end of the jigging conveyer has 15 DEG C of angles with horizontal line, and hopper is downward-sloping to be beneficial to material conveying, and the hopper is sealed in tunnel, and its feeding end is equipped with electric eye, is passed through for sensing whether there is material, and when there is material to pass through, nebulizer is opened；Described transition bridge plate linking dry section and range of atomization, to guarantee that bergamot fruit is passed through.
Further, the air-thermal conductivity oil compound slab solar thermal collector is sealing structure, device is arranging air inlet near volume damper side, near heat exchanger side, air outlet is being set, inlet and outlet connects wind groove, air can be directly heated and produce dry-heat air, thermal conductivity oil pipe is provided with compound slab solar thermal collector, solar energy heating thermal conductivity oil more than needed is carried out into energy storage in process of production.
Further, thermal conductivity oil heat accumulation heating plant, is important auxiliary device that hot blast that heating system is provided can reach temperature stabilization, its by thermal conductivity oil tank, hygrosensor, heat exchanger, oil pipe, oil pump and solenoid valve block into；The thermal conductivity oil tank, tank ectosome is phenol formaldehyde foam heat-insulation layer, open between the interior dividing plate by layering of thermal conductivity oil tank, per layer of thermal conductivity oil tank is provided with hygrosensor, and the heating of thermal conductivity oil and heat supplying pipeline are each independent, controlled by way solenoid valve is in charge of respectively, the heat exchanger is located at solar thermal collector air outlet, two ends connect wind groove, when solar thermal collector heat production on daytime air temperature is not enough, temperature system OnNow thermal conductivity oil heat supply function, the corresponding electromagnetic valve of temperature highest layering thermal conductivity oil tank is opened, pump start, it is temperature required that thermal conductivity oil reaches drying by heat exchanger heating air, when the layering thermal conductivity oil temperature drops to design temperature, when can not continue heat supply, then start other temperature highest thermal conductivity oil tank layering thermal conductivity oil heat supply；When solar energy is had more than needed, when solar thermal collector produces hot blast temperature more than required baking temperature, temperature system OnNow thermal conductivity oil energy-storage function, the corresponding electromagnetic valve of the minimum layering thermal conductivity oil tank of temperature is opened, pump start, thermal conductivity oil is by the thermal conductivity oil pipe heat-absorbing energy-accumulating in solar thermal collector, while reducing hot blast temperature to meeting dry requirement, when the layering thermal conductivity oil is heated to design temperature, then enables the minimum thermal conductivity oil tank layering thermal conductivity oil of other temperature and continue energy storage；Above-mentioned electromagnetic valve, oil pump, hygrosensor are connected with PLC control cabinet by wire.
Further, the heat recovery, using semi open model hot air circulation, humidity sensor at drying alley exhaust outlet is detected to waste heat air, when humidity reaches setting limit value, the valve in dehumidifying air channel is automatically opened up, aerator starts, humid air is discharged externally, while intake air way volume damper is opened, blast heating；If humidity is still relatively low, dehumidifying air channel valve closing is again introduced into drying alley dried material after being extracted into again heating system heating by aerator, realizes that hot air circulation is utilized；Above-mentioned air channel valve, volume damper, aerator are connected with PLC control cabinet by wire.
Further, the dry section includes sealing tunnel, conveyer belt, motor, transporting velocity adjusting means, temperature sensor, humidity sensor, air velocity transducer and support；The dry section is designed as multiple dryer sections according to thermograde, every section of drying alley possesses independent heating system, can be into the vertical air inlet of different temperatures hot blast being provided near discharge end, and it is higher the closer to the inlet temperature of feed end, inlet temperature the closer to discharge end is lower, forms certain baking temperature gradient；Exhaust outlet is also set on every section of tunnel, and exhaust outlet is located in front of air outlet near feed end so that bergamot fruit is dried against hot-wind heated；Temperature sensor, humidity sensor, air velocity transducer are provided with every section of drying alley, and are connected with PLC control cabinet by wire.
The present invention also provides a kind of bergamot fruit drying meanss, using above-mentioned bergamot fruit drying equipment, subsystem is dried according to what bergamot fruit specification opened correspondence PLC full-automatic control systems, heating system provides temperature stabilization dry-heat air, and to heat recovery, bergamot fruit carries out stage drying in the dry section backheating wind for forming temperature ladder difference, realizes that vibration overturn and be atomized uniform in range of atomization according to the needs of kind；Specifically drying steps are：
Step（1）The bergamot fruit of different size is positioned on tunnel drier conveyer belt by corresponding useful load；
Step（2）Cabinet unlatching is manipulated by PLC and is accordingly dried subsystem；
Step（3）Heating system starts and begins to warm up air, is delivered to sealing tunnel；
Step（4）When in sealing tunnel, hot blast reaches dry temperature required, conveyer belt starts running, and adjusts to required transporting velocity；
Step（5）Bergamot fruit is dried in dry section backheating wind；
Step（6）Bergamot fruit is overturn and is atomized completely in range of atomization vibration；
Step（7）Bergamot fruit is carrying out whole drying in dry section backheating wind, obtains finished product.
Further, its control point includes temperature, humidity, wind speed, atomization, and each subsystem controls point parameter that is dried is had nothing in common with each other；During system operation, by the manipulation information transmission in PLC full-automatic control systems on drying equipment each be dried in subsystem, the suitability control that subsystem realizes each process conditions in dry run is dried by each, and each sub-monitoring system is also at any time by process monitoring feedback of the information in PLC Automatic Control total systems, it is ensured which can be coordinated each and be dried the good linking between subsystem.
Further, the step（6）, strip enables nebulizer with block bergamot fruit, every 10 ~ 20 seconds, sprays 2 ~ 3 seconds；Atomization material is edible glycerol and water, mixed proportion 1:1 ~ 10, lamellar and whole fruit product type then close nebulizer.
Beneficial effect
The present invention compared with prior art, with advantages below：
1. the air of heating system-thermal conductivity oil compound slab solar thermal collector, thermal conductivity oil energy storage heating plant and air source heat pump are applied in combination, and realize round-the-clock energy-conservation to bergamot fruit, highly effective drying process；
2. by traditional fruit jelly Exposure to Sunlight course of processing is transferred to indoor tunnel type sealing production, the hygienic quality of bergamot fruit is fully ensured, while overcoming environment and weather obstacle, reach continuous production；
3. thermal conductivity oil tank hierarchical design, realizes the quick heating of thermal conductivity oil and heat supply；
4. heating system produces the hot blast of temperature stabilization, it is to avoid temperature is low not to reach drying effect, the too high impact product quality of temperature；
5. waste heat wind is recycled, both energy saving, and at utmost reduces the local flavor forfeiture of bergamot fruit dry run, it is ensured that product quality；
6. drying alley range of atomization is provided with jigging conveyer and atomising device, can basis, the actual drying demand of the different bergamot fruit product types such as strip, bulk, lamellar or whole fruit realizes that bergamot fruit vibration overturns and be atomized moisturizing, improves product quality；
7. according to feature is dried in each product type of bergamot fruit, PLC full-automatic control systems are developed, realize that bergamot fruit dry run high-efficiency automatic runs.
Description of the drawings
For clearer explanation technical scheme, the accompanying drawing wanted needed for describing to embodiment below is briefly described, obviously, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, to those skilled in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can be with according to these other accompanying drawings of accompanying drawings acquisition.
Bergamot fruit drying equipment main schematic diagrams of the Fig. 1 for the embodiment of the present invention one；
Thermal conductivity oil energy storage heating plant schematic top plan views of the Fig. 2 for the bergamot fruit drying equipment of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 3 is the bergamot fruit drying meanss schematic flow sheet that the present invention implements two.
In above figure：1st, solar energy-thermal conductivity oil compound slab solar thermal collector；2nd, thermal conductivity oil tank；3rd, oil pipe；4th, it is layered dividing plate；5th, electromagnetic valve；6th, oil pump；7th, air channel valve；8th, aerator；9th, volume damper 10, hygrosensor；11st, intake air way；12nd, dehumidifying air channel；13rd, heat exchanger；14th, air source heat pump；15th, seal tunnel；16th, conveyer belt；17th, motor；18th, transporting velocity adjusting means；19th, deep bead；20th, temperature sensor；21st, air velocity transducer；22nd, humidity sensor；23rd, support；24th, jigging conveyer；25th, hopper；26th, nebulizer；27th, electric eye；28th, dividing plate；29th, transition bridge plate；30th, PLC control cabinet；31st, touch screen.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention; clear, complete description is carried out to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention; obviously described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention; it is not all, of embodiment; based on the embodiment in the present invention; the every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work is not paid by those of ordinary skill in the art, belongs to the content of present invention protection.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a kind of bergamot fruit drying equipment, including heating system and drying production line, the heating system is using solar energy as main heating source, which includes air-thermal conductivity oil compound slab solar thermal collector 1, thermal conductivity oil energy storage heating plant and air source heat pump 14, and the heating system can realize heat recovery；The heating system provided the hot blast of temperature stabilization by air-thermal conductivity oil compound slab solar thermal collector 1 and thermal conductivity oil energy storage heating plant, is transported to drying production line to be dried bergamot fruit on sunny daytime, and overcast and rainy or night starts air source heat pump 14；The drying production line possesses tunnel drier and PLC control cabinet 30；The tunnel drier is divided into dry section and range of atomization, 30 integrated full-automatic control system of the PLC control cabinet, and each monitoring parameter change of dry run is intuitively shown on computer contact screen 31, and operational control is carried out by touch screen 31, realize the intelligent and automatization of dry run；The PLC full-automatic control systems, include temperature system, humidity system, three Monitor And Control Subsystems of wind speed system on logical level；It is characterized in that：The drying equipment is also included and is dried subsystem according to whole dried fruitss drying system, lamellar drying system, strip drying system and block drying system four that the bergamot fruit of different size is dried feature and develops；Wherein described range of atomization includes jigging conveyer 24, nebulizer 26, dividing plate 28, electric eye 27, transition bridge plate 29；The range of atomization is located at drying alley machine back segment, and range of atomization is spaced apart by the dividing plate 28 with dry section；25 discharge end of hopper of the jigging conveyer 24 has 15 DEG C of angles with horizontal line, and hopper 25 is downward-sloping to be beneficial to material conveying, and the hopper 25 is sealed in tunnel, its feeding end is equipped with electric eye 27, pass through for sensing whether there is material, when there is material to pass through, nebulizer 26 is opened；The described linking dry section of transition bridge plate 29 and range of atomization, to guarantee that bergamot fruit is passed through；The nebulizer 26 and electric eye 27 are connected with PLC control cabinet 30 by wire.
Further, the air-thermal conductivity oil compound slab solar thermal collector 1 is sealing structure, device 1 is arranging air inlet near 9 side of volume damper, near 13 side of heat exchanger, air outlet is being set, inlet and outlet connects wind groove, can directly heat air and produce dry-heat air, be provided with thermal conductivity oil pipe 3 in compound slab solar thermal collector 1, and be connected with thermal conductivity oil tank 2, solar energy heating thermal conductivity oil more than needed is carried out into energy storage in process of production.
Further, the thermal conductivity oil heat-storing device, including thermal conductivity oil tank 2, hygrosensor 10, heat exchanger 13, oil pipe 3, oil pump 6 and electromagnetic valve 5；The thermal conductivity oil tank 2, tank ectosome is phenol formaldehyde foam heat-insulation layer, open as 3 independent stratified storage tanks between the interior dividing plate 4 by layering of storage tank, each stratified storage tank is provided with temperature sensor 10, and the heating of thermal conductivity oil and heat supplying pipeline are each independent, controlled by way solenoid valve 5 is in charge of respectively, the heat exchanger 13 is located at 1 air outlet of solar thermal collector, two ends connect wind groove, when daytime, 1 heat production air temperature of solar thermal collector was not enough, temperature system OnNow thermal conductivity oil heat supply function, the corresponding electromagnetic valve of temperature highest stratified storage tank are opened, such as electromagnetic valve 5（05）With 5（08）Open, while oil pump 6, electromagnetic valve 5（02）Start, electromagnetic valve 5（01）Close, thermal conductivity oil heats air by heat exchanger 13, and to reach drying temperature required, when the thermal conductivity oil temperature drops to design temperature, it is impossible to when continuing heat supply, then starts the oily heat supply of two other temperature highest stratified storage tank thermal conductivity；When solar energy is more than needed, when solar thermal collector 1 produces hot blast temperature more than required baking temperature, temperature system OnNow thermal conductivity oil energy-storage function, the corresponding electromagnetic valve of the minimum stratified storage tank of temperature are opened, such as electromagnetic valve 5（04）With 5（07）Open, while oil pump 6, electromagnetic valve 5（01）Start, electromagnetic valve 5（02）Close, thermal conductivity oil is by 3 heat-absorbing energy-accumulating of oil pipe in solar thermal collector 1, hot blast temperature is reduced simultaneously to dry requirement is met, stops heating when the layering thermal conductivity oil temperature is to setting value, while enabling the minimum storage tank layering thermal conductivity oil of two other temperature continues energy storage；Above-mentioned electromagnetic valve 5, oil pump 6, hygrosensor 10 are connected with PLC control cabinet by wire.
Further, the UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, is semi open model hot air circulation, and the humidity sensor 22 at drying alley exhaust outlet is detected to waste heat air, when humidity reaches setting limit value, the air channel valve 7 in dehumidifying air channel 12（01）Automatically open up, air channel valve 7（02）Close, aerator 8（01）Start, externally discharge humid air, while 11 volume damper 9 of intake air way, aerator 8（02）Open, air blast enters heating；If humidity is still relatively low, air channel valve 7（01）Close, valve 7（02）, volume damper 9, aerator 8（01）、8（02）Open, be again introduced into sealing 15 dried material of tunnel after being extracted into again heating system heating, realize that hot air circulation is utilized；Above-mentioned air channel valve 7, volume damper 9, aerator 8 are connected with PLC control cabinet 30 by wire.
Further, the dry section includes sealing tunnel 15, conveyer belt 16, motor 17, transporting velocity adjusting means 18, temperature sensor 20, humidity sensor 22, air velocity transducer 21 and support 23；The dry section is designed for multistage baking temperature, 15 points of sealing tunnel is 9 sections of drying alleys, there are 7 sections before range of atomization, there are 2 sections after range of atomization, every section of drying alley is as shown in figure 1, possess a whole set of independent heating system, every section of drying alley is provided with the vertical air inlet that can enter different temperatures hot blast, and it is higher the closer to the inlet temperature of charging aperture, the inlet temperature the closer to discharging opening is lower, forms certain baking temperature gradient.Exhaust outlet is also set on every section of tunnel, and exhaust outlet is located in front of air outlet near feed end so that bergamot fruit is dried against hot-wind heated；Temperature sensor 20, humidity sensor 22, air velocity transducer 21 are provided with every section of drying alley, and are connected with PLC control cabinet 30 by wire.
The embodiment of the present invention two also proposes a kind of bergamot fruit drying meanss, it is characterized in that, the bergamot fruit drying meanss, subsystem is dried according to what bergamot fruit specification opened correspondence PLC full-automatic control systems, heating system provides temperature stabilization dry-heat air, and to heat recovery, bergamot fruit carries out stage drying in the drying production line backheating wind for forming temperature ladder difference, realizes that vibration overturn and be atomized uniform in drying alley range of atomization according to the needs of kind；Specifically drying steps are：
Step（1）The bergamot fruit of different size is positioned on tunnel drier conveyer belt by corresponding useful load；
Step（2）Opened by PLC control cabinet and be accordingly dried subsystem；
Step（3）Heating system starts and begins to warm up air and is delivered to sealing tunnel；
Step（4）When in sealing tunnel, hot blast reaches dry temperature required, conveyer belt starts running and adjusts to required transporting velocity；
Step（5）Bergamot fruit is dried in dry section backheating wind；
Step（6）According to bergamot fruit specification, in range of atomization, vibration overturns and is atomized completely；
Step（7）Bergamot fruit is carrying out whole drying in dry section backheating wind, obtains finished product.
Further, the step（2）Subsystem is dried, its control point includes temperature, humidity, wind speed, atomization, each subsystem controls point parameter that is dried is had nothing in common with each other；During system operation, by the manipulation information transmission in PLC full-automatic control systems on drying equipment each be dried in subsystem, the suitability control that subsystem realizes each process conditions in dry run is dried by each, and each Monitor And Control Subsystem is also at any time by process monitoring feedback of the information in process Automatic Control total system, it is ensured which can be coordinated each and be dried the good linking between subsystem.The all types of product drying process technology parameters of bergamot fruit are shown in Table 1.
1 different type bergamot fruit product drying process technology parameter list of table
Indicate：Transportation unit is the bergamot fruit weight that every square of conveyer belt is loaded.
In terms of dry run temperature control, temperature system detects hot blast temperature by the temperature sensor 20 sealed in tunnel 15, and by feedback of the information to PLC Automatic Control total systems, when hot blast temperature is less than required baking temperature, system preferentially starts complementary heating by the sequencing of solar thermal collector 1, thermal conductivity oil energy storage heating plant, air source heat pump；When hot blast temperature is higher than required baking temperature, system preferentially stops heat supply by the sequencing of air source heat pump 14, thermal conductivity oil energy storage heating plant, with the energy-storage function for opening thermal conductivity oil energy storage heating plant, thermal conductivity is oily to be absorbed 1 partial heat of solar thermal collector to reduce the hot blast temperature of its generation.
In terms of dry run humid control, humidity system detects waste heat air humidity by the humidity sensor 22 sealed in tunnel 15, and by feedback of the information to full-automatic control system, when humidity over limit, system opens the air channel valve 7 in dehumidifying air channel 12（01）, valve 7（02）Close, waste heat air is drained；When humidity is not exceeded, air channel valve 7（01）Close, valve 7（02）Start, waste heat air is reheated into heating system, recycled；
In terms of dry run blast velocity control, wind speed system detects hot blast speed by the air velocity transducer 21 sealed in tunnel 15, and by feedback of the information to PLC full-automatic control systems, system is by adjusting 11 volume damper 9 of intake air way, the air quantity of control air intake, reaches required hot blast wind speed.
Further, the step（6）, when strip passes through jigging conveyer hopper with block bergamot fruit, electronic eye response enables nebulizer to there is material to pass through, and every 12 seconds, sprays 2 seconds；Atomization material is glycerol and water, mixed proportion 1:4, lamellar and whole fruit product type then disable electric eye without the need for atomization.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be understood that the present invention can also be realized by other structures, and the feature of the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned preferred embodiment.Any personnel for being familiar with the technology in the technical field of the present invention, should all cover within the scope of the patent protection of the present invention by the change that can be readily occurred in or modification.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of bergamot fruit drying equipment, including heating system and drying production line, it is characterized in that, the heating system is using solar energy as main heating source, which includes air-thermal conductivity oil compound slab solar thermal collector, thermal conductivity oil energy storage heating plant and air source heat pump, and the heating system can realize heat recovery；The heating system provided the hot blast of temperature stabilization by air-thermal conductivity oil compound slab solar thermal collector and thermal conductivity oil energy storage heating plant, is transported to drying production line to be dried bergamot fruit on sunny daytime, and overcast and rainy or night starts air source heat pump；The drying production line possesses tunnel drier and PLC control cabinet；The tunnel drier is divided into dry section and range of atomization, the integrated full-automatic control system of the PLC control cabinet, and each monitoring parameter change of dry run is intuitively shown on computer contact screen, and operational control is carried out by touch screen, realize the intelligent and automatization of dry run；The PLC full-automatic control systems, include temperature system, humidity system, three Monitor And Control Subsystems of wind speed system on logical level；It is characterized in that, the drying equipment is also included and is dried subsystem according to whole dried fruitss drying system, lamellar drying system, strip drying system and block drying system four that the bergamot fruit of different size is dried feature and develops；The range of atomization includes jigging conveyer, nebulizer, dividing plate, electric eye, transition bridge plate；The range of atomization is located at drying alley machine back segment, and range of atomization is spaced apart by the dividing plate with dry section；The hopper discharge end of the jigging conveyer has 15 DEG C of angles with horizontal line, and hopper is downward-sloping to be beneficial to material conveying, and the hopper is sealed in tunnel, and its feeding end is equipped with electric eye, is passed through for sensing whether there is material, and when there is material to pass through, nebulizer is opened；Described transition bridge plate linking dry section and range of atomization, to guarantee that bergamot fruit is passed through.
2. a kind of bergamot fruit drying equipment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the air-thermal conductivity oil compound slab solar thermal collector is sealing structure, device is arranging air inlet near volume damper side, air outlet is being set near heat exchanger side, inlet and outlet connection wind groove can directly heat air and produce dry-heat air, thermal conductivity oil pipe is provided with compound slab solar thermal collector, solar energy heating thermal conductivity oil more than needed is carried out into energy storage in process of production.
3. a kind of bergamot fruit drying equipment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the thermal conductivity oil energy storage heating plant, that the hot blast that heating system is provided can reach the important auxiliary device of temperature stabilization, its by thermal conductivity oil tank, hygrosensor, heat exchanger, oil pipe, oil pump and solenoid valve block into；The thermal conductivity oil tank, tank ectosome is phenol formaldehyde foam heat-insulation layer, open between the interior dividing plate by layering of thermal conductivity oil tank, per layer of thermal conductivity oil tank is provided with hygrosensor, and the heating of thermal conductivity oil and heat supplying pipeline are each independent, controlled by way solenoid valve is in charge of respectively, the heat exchanger is located at solar thermal collector air outlet, two ends connect wind groove, when solar thermal collector heat production on daytime air temperature is not enough, temperature system OnNow thermal conductivity oil heat supply function, the corresponding electromagnetic valve of temperature highest layering thermal conductivity oil tank is opened, pump start, it is temperature required that thermal conductivity oil reaches drying by heat exchanger heating air, when the layering thermal conductivity oil temperature drops to design temperature, when can not continue heat supply, then start other temperature highest thermal conductivity oil tank layering thermal conductivity oil heat supply；When solar energy is had more than needed, when solar thermal collector produces hot blast temperature more than required baking temperature, temperature system OnNow thermal conductivity oil energy-storage function, the corresponding electromagnetic valve of the minimum layering thermal conductivity oil tank of temperature is opened, pump start, thermal conductivity oil is by the thermal conductivity oil pipe heat-absorbing energy-accumulating in solar thermal collector, while reducing hot blast temperature to meeting dry requirement, when the layering thermal conductivity oil is heated to design temperature, then enables the minimum thermal conductivity oil tank layering thermal conductivity oil of other temperature and continue energy storage；Above-mentioned electromagnetic valve, oil pump, hygrosensor are connected with PLC control cabinet by wire.
4. a kind of bergamot fruit drying equipment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the heat recovery, using semi open model hot air circulation, detects to waste heat air to the humidity sensor at drying alley exhaust outlet, when humidity reaches setting limit value, the valve in dehumidifying air channel is automatically opened up, and aerator starts, and externally discharges humid air, intake air way volume damper is opened simultaneously, blast heating；If humidity is still relatively low, dehumidifying air channel valve closing is again introduced into drying alley dried material after being extracted into again heating system heating by aerator, realizes that hot air circulation is utilized；Above-mentioned air channel valve, volume damper, aerator are connected with PLC control cabinet by wire.
5. a kind of bergamot fruit drying equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the dry section includes sealing tunnel, conveyer belt, motor, transporting velocity adjusting means, temperature sensor, humidity sensor, air velocity transducer and support；The dry section is designed as multiple dryer sections according to thermograde, every section of drying alley possesses independent heating system, can be into the vertical air inlet of different temperatures hot blast being provided near discharge end, and it is higher the closer to the inlet temperature of feed end, inlet temperature the closer to discharge end is lower, forms certain baking temperature gradient；Exhaust outlet is also set on every section of tunnel, and exhaust outlet is located in front of air outlet near feed end so that bergamot fruit is dried against hot-wind heated；Temperature sensor, humidity sensor, air velocity transducer are provided with every section of drying alley, and are connected with PLC control cabinet by wire.
6. a kind of bergamot fruit drying meanss, using the drying equipment of such as any one of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, subsystem is dried according to what bergamot fruit specification opened correspondence PLC full-automatic control systems, heating system provides temperature stabilization dry-heat air, and to heat recovery, bergamot fruit carries out stage drying in the dry section backheating wind for forming temperature ladder difference, realizes that vibration overturn and be atomized uniform in range of atomization according to the needs of kind；Drying meanss are concretely comprised the following steps：
Step（1）The bergamot fruit of different size is positioned on tunnel drier conveyer belt by corresponding useful load；
Step（2）Cabinet unlatching is manipulated by PLC and is accordingly dried subsystem；
Step（3）Heating system starts and begins to warm up air, is delivered to sealing tunnel；
Step（4）When in sealing tunnel, hot blast reaches dry temperature required, conveyer belt starts running, and adjusts to required transporting velocity；
Step（5）Bergamot fruit is dried in dry section backheating wind；
Step（6）Bergamot fruit is overturn and is atomized completely in range of atomization vibration；
Step（7）Bergamot fruit is carrying out whole drying in dry section backheating wind, obtains finished product.
7. a kind of bergamot fruit drying meanss according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the step（2）Be dried subsystem, its control point includes temperature, humidity, wind speed, atomization, and each subsystem controls point parameter that is dried is had nothing in common with each other；During system operation, by the manipulation information transmission in PLC full-automatic control systems on drying equipment each be dried in subsystem, the suitability control that subsystem realizes each process conditions in dry run is dried by each, and each sub-monitoring system is also at any time by process monitoring feedback of the information in PLC Automatic Control total systems, it is ensured which can be coordinated each and be dried the good linking between subsystem.
8. a kind of bergamot fruit drying meanss according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the step（6）, strip enables nebulizer with block bergamot fruit, every 10 ~ 20 seconds, sprays 2 ~ 3 seconds；Atomization material is edible glycerol and water, mixed proportion 1:1 ~ 10, lamellar and whole fruit product type then close nebulizer.
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| CN108497526A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-09-07 | 江南大学 | For normal pressure ultrasonic atomizatio-spouted drying device of low frequency microwave pulse of conditioning fruit-vegetable and its application |
| CN111006488A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-04-14 | 宿州市创新生态农业科技有限公司 | Instant black corn air drying device and air drying method |
| CN112754039A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2021-05-07 | 谢文金 | Hot air tunnel circulation fruit and vegetable dryer and method |
| CN113419583A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-09-21 | 广东南兴天虹果仁制品有限公司 | Nut redrying machine and method |
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| CN111006488A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-04-14 | 宿州市创新生态农业科技有限公司 | Instant black corn air drying device and air drying method |
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