CN106532891B - Super capacitor and storage battery hybrid energy storage and power supply charging method - Google Patents
Super capacitor and storage battery hybrid energy storage and power supply charging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106532891B CN106532891B CN201710019613.3A CN201710019613A CN106532891B CN 106532891 B CN106532891 B CN 106532891B CN 201710019613 A CN201710019613 A CN 201710019613A CN 106532891 B CN106532891 B CN 106532891B
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
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Abstract
The invention relates to a hybrid energy storage and power supply charging method for a super capacitor and a storage battery, in particular to a hybrid energy storage and power supply system applied to a workshop logistics mobile carrier. The power supply circuit comprises a hybrid power supply circuit, a super capacitor independent power supply circuit and a storage battery independent power supply circuit, and the three power supply circuits can be switched under the action of the control management unit; the charging loop comprises a hybrid charging loop, a super capacitor independent charging loop and a storage battery independent charging loop, and the three charging loops can be switched under the action of the control and management unit; the energy storage unit comprises a storage battery and a super capacitor, and the super capacitor is connected with the storage battery in parallel through a first DC/DC2 after the positive electrode is connected with the normally closed contact in series. According to the invention, various energy storage units are adopted to work in a hybrid energy storage and power supply charging mode, so that each energy storage unit can take advantage of the advantages and avoid the disadvantages.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a hybrid energy storage and power supply charging method for a super capacitor and a storage battery, in particular to a hybrid energy storage and power supply system applied to a workshop logistics mobile carrier. Belonging to the field of hybrid energy storage, power supply and charging.
Background
The mobile carrier is an important component of an automatic logistics system of a workshop, is one of core mobile carrier units for realizing automation, intelligence and flexibility of a logistics system, and comprises AGVs in various guiding modes, shuttles walking on a ground track, automatic carriers such as a shuttle plate walking on a goods shelf, a multi-layer shuttle and the like, or manual and electric carriers.
In a specific application scenario, the mobile carrier vehicle itself is required to carry an energy storage device to achieve autonomous power supply, rather than an online power taking mode through a trolley wire brush. In such autonomous power modes, there are often demands for instantaneous frequent large current charging, instantaneous high power, vehicle derailment, etc. The vehicle track change refers to the action of changing a shuttle or a multi-layer shuttle running on a fixed track from a current roadway to other roadways, and free track change can be realized only by adopting a mode of autonomous power supply (carrying an energy storage device).
The existing single energy storage unit (single storage battery or single super capacitor) cannot meet the requirement under the special working condition, and the single storage battery or the single super capacitor is limited by the characteristics.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the special requirements of the electrodynamic force mobile transport vehicle, the invention provides a super capacitor and storage battery hybrid energy storage and power supply charging method.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme. The super capacitor and storage battery hybrid energy storage is characterized in that the hybrid energy storage mainly comprises a power supply loop and a charging loop, and comprises an energy storage unit, a power supply conversion unit, a control management unit, a charging boot (11), a load (5), a plurality of normally open contacts, normally closed contacts, diodes, fuses and connecting wires;
the power supply loop comprises a hybrid power supply loop (S1), a super capacitor independent power supply loop (S3) and a storage battery independent power supply loop (S2), and the three power supply loops can be switched under the action of the control management unit;
the charging circuit comprises a hybrid charging circuit (C1), a super-capacitor independent charging circuit (C2) and a storage battery independent charging circuit (C3), and the three charging circuits can be switched under the action of the control and management unit;
the energy storage unit comprises a storage battery (1) and a super capacitor (3), wherein the super capacitor (3) is connected with the storage battery (1) in parallel through a first DC/DC (2) after the positive electrode is connected with a normally-closed contact K4 in series.
The mixed power supply loop formed by the storage battery (1) and the super capacitor (3) comprises a first DC/DC (2) converter, the super capacitor (3) connected with the input end of the first DC/DC converter through a normally closed contact K4, the storage battery (1) connected with the output end of the super capacitor, a diode D1, a normally closed contact K2, a fuse F and the positive input end of a second DC/DC (4) which are sequentially connected with the positive end of the storage battery (1), and the negative electrode of the storage battery (1) is connected with the negative electrode of the second DC/DC input end;
the load (5) is connected with the output end of the second DC/DC according to the marked polarity.
The control management unit consists of an energy management system (8), a battery management system (7), a capacitance management system (6), a whole vehicle control system (10) and a charger (9), wherein the battery management system (7), the capacitance management system (6), the whole vehicle control system (10) and the charger are connected with the energy management system through a CAN bus, a 485 bus and a 232 serial interface or I/O;
the power conversion unit comprises a first DC/DC converter (2) and a second DC/DC converter (4).
The power supply and charging method for the hybrid energy storage of the super capacitor and the storage battery is characterized by comprising a charging method and a power supply method; wherein:
the charging method comprises the following steps:
step 1: the battery management system 7 or the capacitance management system 6 triggers a charging request signal or directly meets the step 3;
step 2: the energy management system 8 informs the whole vehicle management system 10, and the whole vehicle control system 10 issues a command for moving to a charging position to the mobile equipment using the method;
step 3: a mobile device using the method reaches a charging level;
step 4: the output end of the charger is successfully docked with the electricity taking boot 11, the energy management system 8 makes a charging mode judgment according to battery and capacitance state information given by the battery management system 7 and the capacitance management system 6, and if the energy management system 8 controls the contacts K3, K5 and K4 to be closed and the contacts K1 and K2 to be opened, a hybrid charging loop C1 is formed; if the energy management system 8 controls the contacts K3 and K5 to be closed and the contacts K1, K2 and K4 to be opened, a supercapacitor independent charging loop C2 is formed; if the energy management system 8 controls the contacts K1 to be closed and the contacts K2, K3 and K5 to be opened, a storage battery independent charging loop C3 is formed;
the power supply method comprises the following steps: the energy management system 8 makes a power supply mode judgment according to the information given by the battery management system 7 and the capacitance management system 6; if the energy management system 8 controls the contacts K2 and K4 to be closed and the contacts K1, K3 and K5 to be opened, a hybrid power supply loop S1 is formed; if the energy management system 8 controls the contacts K2, K3 and K5 to be closed and the contacts K1 and K4 to be opened, a super capacitor independent power supply loop S2 is formed; if the energy management system 8 controls the contact K2 to be closed and the contacts K1, K3, K4 and K5 to be opened, a separate power supply loop S3 of the storage battery is formed;
the storage battery (1) is an independent power supply loop, and comprises a storage battery (1), and a diode D1, a normally closed contact K2, a fuse F and an anode input end of a second DC/DC (4) which are sequentially connected in series with the anode end of the storage battery (1), wherein the cathode of the input end of the second DC/DC (4) is connected with the cathode of the storage battery (1) to form the independent power supply loop of the storage battery (1); the load (5) is connected in polarity to the output of the second DC/DC.
The super capacitor (3) is an independent power supply loop and comprises a normally closed contact K3, a normally closed contact K2, a fuse F and a positive input end of a second DC/DC (4), wherein the positive ends of the normally closed contact K3, the normally closed contact K2, the fuse F and the positive input end of the second DC/DC are sequentially connected in series; the negative electrode end of the super capacitor is sequentially connected with a normally open contact K5 and the negative electrode input end of a second DC/DC (4) in series to form an independent power supply loop of the super capacitor (3); the load (5) is connected in polarity to the output of the second DC/DC.
The hybrid charging circuit (C1) comprises a charging boot (11), normally closed contacts K3 and K5 respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the charging boot (11) in series, a super capacitor (3) with the positive electrode and the negative electrode respectively connected with the other ends of the normally closed contacts K3 and K5, and a storage battery (1) connected with the super capacitor (3) in parallel through the normally closed contact K4 and the first DC/DC converter (2); the super capacitor charging loop (C2) is formed by connecting a charging boot (11) with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the super capacitor (3) after being respectively connected with the normally-closed contacts K3 and K5 in series through the positive electrode and the negative electrode; the storage battery charging loop (C3) is formed by connecting a charging boot (11) and the anode of the storage battery after the anode is connected with the normally-closed contact K3 in series.
The second DC/DC converter (4) is a bidirectional DC/DC converter with adjustable wide voltage input, output voltage and power, and when the load (5) is braked, the independent power supply loop (S2) of the super capacitor is automatically converted into an energy feedback circuit and braking energy is fed back to the super capacitor (3).
The storage battery (1) includes, but is not limited to, lead-acid batteries and lithium batteries.
The battery management system is used for completing the collection and output control function of battery state information, the capacitance management system is used for completing the collection and control function of capacitance state information, the vehicle-mounted control system is a control system of the automatic mobile carrier applied by the invention, the charger is used for charging the energy storage unit, and the battery management system CAN be communicated with the energy management system through one or more communication modes of a CAN bus or a CANOpen, a 485 bus, a 232 serial communication interface or an I/O interface to perform data interaction so as to perform logic judgment and decision by the energy management system.
The invention adopts the storage battery and the super capacitor to form the hybrid energy accumulator and the power supply charging unit, comprehensively utilizes the advantages of the high energy density of the storage battery, the super power density of the super capacitor, the super charging current, the super long cycle life and the like, and ensures that the mixed energy storage unit can meet the requirements of the mobile carrier on the energy density, the power density, the high current frequent charging, the cycle life and the vehicle track change of the energy storage unit.
According to the invention, the advantages and disadvantages of a plurality of single energy storage units are comprehensively considered, and the plurality of energy storage units are adopted to work in a hybrid energy storage and power supply charging mode, so that each energy storage unit can be raised against the disadvantages and exert advantages, the purpose of the invention is realized, and the requirements of specific working conditions are met.
Drawings
The present invention is further described below with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the hybrid power supply circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the supercapacitor independent power supply loop of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the battery individual power supply circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the principle of simultaneous hybrid charging of a storage battery and a super capacitor according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the super capacitor charging circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the battery charging circuit of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a storage battery; 2-a first DC/DC converter; 3-super capacitor; 4-a second DC/DC converter; 5-loading; 6-a capacitance management system; 7-a battery management system; 8-an energy management system; 9, a charger; 10-a whole vehicle control system; 11-charging boot.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a super capacitor and storage battery hybrid energy storage and power supply method, which sequentially comprises a charging boot, a normally closed contact K3, a super capacitor, a normally closed contact K4, a first DC/DC, a storage battery, a diode D1, a normally closed contact K2, a fuse F, a second DC/DC converter, a load and a normally open contact K5 connected between the negative electrode of the super capacitor and the negative electrode of the charging boot, and a K1 connected between the positive electrode of the storage battery and the positive electrode of the charging boot from the input end of a power supply, so as to jointly form an energy storage and power supply loop of the invention; in addition, the control system part comprises an energy management system, and a battery management system, a capacitance management system, a whole vehicle control system, a charger and the like which are connected with the energy management system through a CAN or CANOpen bus, a 485 bus, a 232 communication interface, an I/O interface and the like, so that the control logic core of the invention is formed.
The energy storage and power supply loop can be switched between the storage battery and super capacitor hybrid energy storage power supply loop, the storage battery independent power supply loop and the super capacitor independent power supply loop under the action of the energy control system so as to adapt to the current working condition of the energy storage device.
When the energy management system works in a state of a mixed power supply loop of the storage battery and the super capacitor, the contacts K4 and K2 are controlled to be closed, the contacts K1, K3 and K5 are opened, the super capacitor is connected with the input end of the first DC/DC through the contact K4, the output end of the first DC/DC is connected to the anode and the cathode of the battery according to polarity, then the output end of the first DC/DC enters the second DC/DC through the diode D1, the contact K2 and the fuse F in sequence, and finally the output end of the second DC/DC is regulated and output to a load through conversion of the second DC/DC. The super capacitor and the energy output by the battery to the load can be adjusted in real time according to the voltage and the capacity of the battery end in the loop, and if the electric quantity of the battery is insufficient, the super capacitor can charge the battery and supply power to the load at the same time; the battery and the super capacitor together provide the output power to the load if the power required by the load is greater than the output power of the first DC/DC.
The invention can also be switched to a super capacitor independent power supply loop according to the need, the energy management system controls the contacts K2, K3 and K5 to be closed, the contacts K1 and K4 to be opened, the current Ic flows out from the positive electrode of the super capacitor, enters the input end of the second DC/DC through the contacts K3 and K2 and the fuse F, the negative electrode of the capacitor is connected with the negative electrode of the second DC/DC input end through the closed contact K5, and the output voltage and the output power meeting the load are converted through the second DC/DC, so that the load is driven to work.
The invention can also be switched into a loop independently powered by a storage battery under the control of an energy management system, at the moment, the contact K2 is closed, the contacts K1, K3, K4 and K5 are disconnected, current flows out from the positive electrode of the battery, enters the input end of the second DC/DC through the diode D1, the contact K2 and the fuse F, and is output to a load after being regulated through the second DC/DC conversion.
The first DC/DC is a buck/boost unidirectional direct current converter with wide voltage input and adjustable output voltage and power, and current can only flow in from an input end and flow out from an output end.
The second DC/DC is a wide-voltage input, output voltage and power adjustable buck/boost type bidirectional DC converter, recovery of load braking energy can be achieved, recovered electric energy is charged into the super capacitor, and the super capacitor has ultrahigh charging efficiency, so that the invention has the advantage of fully utilizing the regenerative electric energy in a braking feedback stage, and the utilization rate of the regenerative electric energy is improved.
The invention is provided with a hybrid charging loop, a storage battery independent charging loop and a super capacitor independent charging loop under the control of an energy management system. The hybrid charging loop is characterized in that under the control of an energy management system, contacts K3, K4 and K5 are closed, K1 and K2 are opened, a charging boot is used as an input end of the charging loop, charging current charges a super capacitor through the contact K3, and when the voltage of the super capacitor end is greater than the voltage of the input end of the first DC/DC, the first DC/DC automatically starts output and charges a battery, so that the hybrid charging loop is formed.
The independent charging circuit of the storage battery is formed by closing the contact K1, opening the contacts K2, K3, K4 and K5 under the control of an energy management system, and charging current flows in from a charging boot and charges the storage battery through the contact K1.
The independent charging loop of the super capacitor is formed by closing contacts K3 and K5 under the control of an energy management system, opening contacts K1, K2 and K4, and charging current firstly flows in through a charging boot and charges the super capacitor through the contact K3.
The other end of the charging boot is connected with the output end of the charger.
The charging method of the present invention generally comprises the following steps:
step 1: the battery management system 7 or the capacitance management system 6 triggers a charging request signal or directly meets the step 3;
step 2: the energy management system 8 informs the whole vehicle management system 10, and the whole vehicle control system 10 issues a command for moving to a charging position to the mobile equipment using the method;
step 3: a mobile device using the method reaches a charging level;
step 4: the output end of the charger is successfully docked with the electricity taking boot 11, the energy management system 8 makes a charging mode judgment according to battery and capacitance state information given by the battery management system 7 and the capacitance management system 6, and if the energy management system 8 controls the contacts K3, K5 and K4 to be closed and the contacts K1 and K2 to be opened, a hybrid charging loop C1 is formed; if the energy management system 8 controls the contacts K3 and K5 to be closed and the contacts K1, K2 and K4 to be opened, a supercapacitor independent charging loop C2 is formed; if the energy management system 8 controls the contacts K1 to be closed and the contacts K2, K3, K5 to be opened, a separate battery charging circuit C3 is formed.
The specific working process of the invention is as follows, with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, the hybrid energy storage and power supply charging method for the super capacitor and the storage battery comprises a charging boot 11, a super capacitor 3, a first DC/DC converter 2, a storage battery 1, a diode D1, a normally closed contact K2, a fuse F, a second DC/DC converter 4, a load 5, a plurality of other wires, normally open contacts, normally closed contacts and the like which are sequentially connected according to the current input/output flow direction; in addition, the control part further comprises an energy management system 8, and a battery management system 7, a capacitance management system 6, a whole vehicle control system 10 and a charger 9 which are connected with the energy management system 8. One end of the charging boot 11 is in butt joint with the output end of the charger, the other end of the charging boot is connected to K1, K3 and K5 of the invention and the negative electrode of the storage battery through wires according to polarity, and then K1, K3 and K5 are respectively connected with the positive electrode of the storage battery 1 and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the super capacitor 3 through wires, so that the charging boot is the power input end of the energy storage unit; the first DC/DC converter 2 is a buck/boost type DC converter with adjustable wide voltage input, output voltage and power, and the input end of the first DC/DC converter is connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the super capacitor 3 through a contact K4, so that the super capacitor can supply power to a battery and a load; the storage battery 1 is connected with a second DC/DC through a diode D1, a normally closed contact K2 and a fuse F in sequence; the second DC/DC converter 4 is a buck/boost type bi-directional DC converter with adjustable wide voltage input, output voltage and power, and is responsible for adjusting the voltage and power output by the energy storage unit to the voltage and power required by the load.
The energy management system 8 in the present invention is provided with various information interaction interfaces such as a CAN bus, a CANOpen, a 485 bus, a 232 serial communication interface, an I/O communication interface, etc., and satisfies communication connection with the battery management system 7, the capacitance management system 6, the charger 9, and the vehicle controller 10, and the communication connection manner includes, but is not limited to, the interfaces described above, or may be one type of communication or a combination of various communication interfaces, and CAN or CANOpen is a preferred communication interface in the present invention.
The normally open and normally closed contacts in the invention are directly or indirectly connected with the I/O interface of the energy management system 8, and are used for realizing the switching and control of the energy management system on the charging loop and the discharging loop, and realizing the hybrid energy storage and power supply and the independent energy storage and power supply loop.
The second DC/DC converter is a bidirectional DC converter, and can feed back braking current generated during load braking and reversely charge the feedback current to the super capacitor.
The storage battery of the present invention may include, but is not limited to, lead acid batteries, lithium batteries.
The whole vehicle controller can be integrated with the energy management system in the same control system, and the function of collecting the state of the super capacitor can be integrated in the energy management system when the super capacitor without the capacitor management system is simply used or adopted.
As shown in fig. 2, when the present invention is operated in the hybrid power supply circuit S1, current flows from the super capacitor 3 through the contact K4 into the input end of the first DC/DC converter 2, the output end of the first DC/DC is connected in parallel with the positive and negative poles of the storage battery 1, and then is input from the positive pole of the battery to the input end of the second DC/DC converter 4 through the diode D1, the contact K2 and the fuse F, and then is converted and regulated by the second DC/DC converter 4 and then is output to the load 5.
As shown in fig. 3, when the invention works in the independent power supply loop S2 of the super capacitor, current flows out from the super capacitor 3, sequentially enters the input end of the second DC/DC converter through the contacts K3, K2 and the fuse F, and is output to the load after conversion and adjustment.
As shown in fig. 4, when the invention works in the independent power supply loop S3 of the storage battery, current flows out from the storage battery, sequentially enters the input end of the second DC/DC converter through the diode D1, the contact K2 and the fuse F, and is output to the load after conversion and adjustment.
As shown in fig. 5, when the present invention works in the hybrid charging circuit C1, the contacts K3, K4, K5 are closed, the current is charged into the super capacitor by the charging shoe 11 through the contact K3, and when the terminal voltage of the super capacitor is located in the input window of the first DC/DC converter 2, the first DC/DC converter automatically starts to work, and the battery is charged after conversion adjustment.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the super capacitor individual charging circuit C2 and the storage battery individual charging circuit C3 of the present invention are respectively.
The above examples are merely illustrative of specific embodiments, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above specific examples.
Claims (8)
1. The power supply and charging method for the hybrid energy storage of the super capacitor and the storage battery is characterized in that the hybrid energy storage is mainly composed of a power supply loop and a charging loop, and comprises a control and management unit, a charging boot (11), a super capacitor (3), a first DC/DC converter (2), a storage battery (1), a diode D1, a normally closed contact K2, a fuse F, a second DC/DC converter (4), a load (5) and a plurality of other leads and contacts which are connected in sequence according to the flow direction of current input and output;
the super capacitor (3) is connected with the storage battery (1) in parallel through the first DC/DC converter (2) after the positive electrode is connected with the normally-closed contact K4 in series;
the power supply loop comprises a hybrid power supply loop S1, a super capacitor independent power supply loop S3 and a storage battery independent power supply loop S2, and the three power supply loops can be switched under the action of the control management unit;
the charging circuit comprises a hybrid charging circuit C1, a super-capacitor independent charging circuit C2 and a storage battery independent charging circuit C3, and the three charging circuits can be switched under the action of the control and management unit;
the mixed power supply loop is formed by the storage battery (1) and the super capacitor (3), wherein one end of a charging boot (11) is in butt joint with the output end of a charger (9), the positive output end of the charging boot (11) is connected to one ends of contacts K1 and K3 through a wire, the negative output end is connected with one end of a contact K5 and the negative electrode of the storage battery (1), and the other ends of the contacts K1, K3 and K5 are respectively connected with the positive electrode of the storage battery (1) and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the super capacitor (3) through wires;
the first DC/DC converter (2) is a buck/boost DC converter with adjustable wide voltage input, output voltage and power;
the positive electrode end of the storage battery (1) is connected with the positive electrode input end of the second DC/DC converter (4) through a diode D1, a normally closed contact K2 and a fuse F in sequence; the negative electrode of the storage battery (1) is connected with the negative electrode input end of the second DC/DC converter (4);
the second DC/DC converter (4) is a buck/boost type bidirectional direct current converter with adjustable wide voltage input, output voltage and power and is responsible for adjusting the voltage and power output by the energy storage unit to the voltage and power required by a load;
the charging method and the power supply method are as follows:
the charging method comprises the following steps: step 1: the battery management system (7) or the capacitance management system (6) triggers a charging request signal or directly meets the step 3;
step 2: the energy management system (8) informs the whole vehicle control system (10), and the whole vehicle control system (10) issues a command for moving to a charging position to the mobile equipment using the method;
step 3: a mobile device using the method reaches a charging level;
step 4: the output end of the charger is successfully connected with the charging boot (11), the energy management system (8) makes a charging mode judgment according to the battery and capacitance state information given by the battery management system (7) and the capacitance management system (6),
if the energy management system (8) controls the contacts K3, K5 and K4 to be closed and the contacts K1 and K2 to be opened, a hybrid charging loop C1 is formed;
if the energy management system (8) controls the contacts K3 and K5 to be closed and the contacts K1, K2 and K4 to be opened, a supercapacitor independent charging loop C2 is formed;
if the energy management system (8) controls the contact K1 to be closed and the contacts K2, K3, K4 and K5 to be opened, a storage battery independent charging loop C3 is formed;
the power supply method comprises the following steps: the energy management system (8) makes a power supply mode judgment according to the information given by the battery management system (7) and the capacitance management system (6);
if the energy management system (8) controls the contacts K2 and K4 to be closed and the contacts K1, K3 and K5 to be opened, a hybrid power supply loop S1 is formed;
if the energy management system (8) controls the contacts K2, K3 and K5 to be closed and the contacts K1 and K4 to be opened, a supercapacitor independent power supply loop S2 is formed;
if the energy management system (8) controls the contact K2 to be closed and the contacts K1, K3, K4, K5 to be opened, a separate power supply circuit S3 of the storage battery is formed.
2. The method for supplying and charging the super capacitor and the storage battery by hybrid energy storage according to claim 1, wherein the control management unit is composed of an energy management system (8), a battery management system (7) connected with the energy management system through a CAN bus, a 485 bus, a 232 serial interface or I/O, a capacitance management system (6), a whole vehicle control system (10) and a charger (9).
3. The method for charging a hybrid energy storage battery and supercapacitor according to claim 1, wherein the load (5) is connected to the output of the second DC/DC converter (4) according to a polarity of the sign.
4. The power supply and charging method of the hybrid energy storage of the super capacitor and the storage battery according to claim 1, wherein the storage battery (1) is an independent power supply loop, and comprises the storage battery (1), the positive electrode end of which is sequentially connected with a diode D1, a normally closed contact K2, a fuse F and the positive electrode input end of a second DC/DC converter (4) in series, wherein the negative electrode input end of the second DC/DC converter (4) is connected with the negative electrode of the storage battery (1); the load (5) is connected to the output of the second DC/DC converter (4) in polarity.
5. The method for supplying and charging the super capacitor and the storage battery by mixed energy storage according to claim 4 is characterized in that in the independent power supply loop of the super capacitor, the positive electrode end of the super capacitor (3) is sequentially connected with a normally closed contact K3, a normally closed contact K2, a fuse F and the positive electrode input end of the second DC/DC converter (4) in series, and the negative electrode end is sequentially connected with a normally open contact K5 and the negative electrode input end of the second DC/DC converter (4) in series; the load (5) is connected to the output of the second DC/DC converter (4) in polarity.
6. The method for charging the super capacitor and the storage battery by using the mixed energy storage according to claim 1, wherein the mixed charging loop C1 comprises a charging boot (11), normally closed contacts K3 and K5 respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the charging boot (11) in series, and a super capacitor (3) with the positive electrode and the negative electrode respectively connected with the other ends of the normally closed contacts K3 and K5, and further comprises the storage battery (1) connected with the super capacitor (3) in parallel through the normally closed contact K4 and the first DC/DC converter (2);
the super capacitor charging loop C2 is formed by connecting a charging boot (11) with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the super capacitor (3) after being respectively connected with the normally-closed contacts K3 and K5 in series through the positive electrode and the negative electrode; the battery charging circuit C3 is formed by connecting a charging boot (11) with a battery through a positive electrode series contact K1.
7. The method for charging super capacitor and accumulator hybrid energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that the second DC/DC converter (4) is a bidirectional DC/DC converter with adjustable wide voltage input, output voltage and power, and when the load (5) is braked, the super capacitor independent power supply loop S2 is automatically converted into an energy feedback circuit, and braking energy is fed back to the super capacitor (3).
8. A method of charging super-capacitor and battery hybrid energy storage according to claim 1, wherein the battery (1) comprises, but is not limited to, lead-acid batteries and lithium batteries.
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