CN101944754A - Direct current step-up/step-down circuit - Google Patents
Direct current step-up/step-down circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN101944754A CN101944754A CN 201010248627 CN201010248627A CN101944754A CN 101944754 A CN101944754 A CN 101944754A CN 201010248627 CN201010248627 CN 201010248627 CN 201010248627 A CN201010248627 A CN 201010248627A CN 101944754 A CN101944754 A CN 101944754A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a direct current step-up/step-down circuit. The direct current step-up/step-down circuit is characterized in that: an anode of a battery unit is connected with one end of a third switching device; the other end of the third switching device is connected with one end of an energy storage inductor and one end of a first switching device; the other end of the energy storage inductor is connected with one end of a second switching device and one end of a fourth switching device; the other end of the fourth switching device is connected with a cathode of the battery unit; the other end of the first switching device is connected with a direct current bus cathode of a battery set; the other end of the second switching device is connected with a direct current bus anode of the battery set; and the states of the first, second, third and fourth switching devices are controlled by a control circuit (U1). The step-up operation or step-down operation of a direct current power supply is realized by controlling the on/off timing sequence of corresponding switching devices. The direct current step-up/step-down circuit has the advantages of flexible control of step-up/step-down proportion, independent working of modules, simple structure, low cost, high efficiency, high reliability and capability of realizing standard and batch production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to direct current step-up/step-down circuit technical field, be specifically related to a kind of step-up/step-down circuit that is used for the equilibrium of series battery electric weight, particularly the step-up/step-down circuit of the real-time balancing technique of non-energy consumption of power battery pack.
Background technology
Along with the application of big capacity density, high power density storage battery is more and more general, the balancing technique of battery pack becomes the main task of battery management system.Use maximum lead acid accumulator, nickel-hydrogen accumulator and lithium-ions battery at present, because the difference of production process, all there are the inconsistent phenomenon between the element cell that can't eliminate fully in the performance change of use and some other factor.
When battery pack is applied to picture motor vehicle etc. and needs the occasion of frequent charge and discharge cycles,, need to improve supply power voltage by the series connection of battery pack in order to obtain enough system voltages.Unbalanced between the battery unit that is connected in series can reduce the available capacity of whole battery group, can only be put into the lower limit of the battery unit of capacity minimum during discharge, otherwise polarity inversion can appear in the battery unit of capacity minimum.During serial connection charge, the battery of cell capability minimum at first is full of in the battery pack.If stop charging this moment, then whole battery group can't be full of, and the capacity of battery pack can not be utilized effectively; If the state-of-charge (SOC) of battery that continues to charge to all battery units is to 100%, then overcharging can appear in the part battery unit.Though lead acid accumulator can allow overcharging of certain limit, certainly leads to energy dissipation, reduce charge efficiency.Lithium ion battery does not allow to overcharge, so battery pack is balanced even more important.
At present, the equilibrium of series connection batteries mainly is divided into energy consumption method and non-energy consumption method.The energy consumption method is that the electric weight of battery unit that electric weight is high converts heat exhaustion to by resistance and falls, and reaches the purpose of battery pack balancing.This method is simple in structure, cost is low, and is more at low capacity, lower powered applications.But, when producing a large amount of heat when balanced, can reduce the charge efficiency of battery pack in the balanced occasion of large-capacity battery pack.The kind of non-energy consumption formula equilibrium is more, and its operation principle is with the electric charge of electric weight battery unit how, transfers on the dc bus of low unit of electric weight or battery pack.Because the circuit design requirement of big capacity series battery, the series relationship of battery circuit generally can not change.Therefore can not isolate between the DC bus-bar voltage of the both positive and negative polarity voltage of each battery unit and battery pack, the electric weight of battery unit shifts the general two kinds of methods that adopt: the one, and the isolating transformer method, by simplex winding DC/DC module, the voltage step-down of battery pack dc bus pumped into battery unit or the electric energy of battery unit boosted after pump into the battery pack dc bus; The 2nd, shift step by step by the electric quantity balancing circuit between battery unit.The major defect of isolating transformer method is that electrical energy transfer efficient is low, and the circuit elements device is many, the module complexity, and the cost height, reliability is low.The shortcoming of transfer method is that the electric energy conversion times is many step by step, and energy loss is big, and balanced efficient is low.Because electric energy is to transmit step by step, if a module breaks down, then the portfolio effect of whole system can significantly reduce the poor reliability of system simultaneously.Therefore, the non-energy consumption balance Technology Need of series battery is a kind of simple in structure, the efficient height, cost is low, the electric weight carry circuit that module can work alone, with realize big capacity series battery efficiently, reliably, balanced management cheaply.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for realize big capacity series battery efficiently, reliably, balanced management cheaply.Traditional Boost DC voltage booster circuit and Buck direct-current voltage reducing circuit are improved, make full use of the inductive energy storage principle of boosting, provide that a kind of cost simple in structure is low, module works alone the efficient height, the control of buck scope flexibly, can realize the not a kind of direct current step-up/step-down circuit that is used for the equilibrium of series battery electric weight on ground altogether of input DC power and output DC source.
For realizing the purpose of foregoing invention, the technical scheme that adopts is: a kind of direct current step-up/step-down circuit, comprise battery pack dc bus, battery unit and switching device, it is characterized in that: the positive pole of battery unit B1 connects the end of the 3rd switching device SW3, the other end of the 3rd switching device SW3 connects the end of energy storage inductor L1 and the end of the first switching device SW1, the other end of described energy storage inductor L1 connects the end of second switch device SW2 and the end of the 4th switching device SW4, and the other end of the 4th switching device SW4 connects the negative pole of battery unit B1.The other end of the first switching device SW1 connects battery pack dc bus negative pole, and the other end of second switch device SW2 connects battery pack dc bus positive pole; The state of the first switching device SW1, second switch device SW2, the 3rd switching device SW3, the 4th switching device SW4 is controlled by control circuit U1.
Described control circuit U1 is connected with the control end of the first switching device SW1, second switch device SW2, the 3rd switching device SW3, the 4th switching device SW4 respectively by drive circuit, the signal deteching circuit two ends of control circuit U1 are connected with negative pole with the positive pole of battery unit B1 respectively, control circuit sends control signal, control the hocket cycling of synchronous turn-on and turn-off of the first switching device SW1, second switch device SW2 and the 3rd switching device SW3, the 4th switching device SW4, realize the non-energy consumption balance of battery pack.
Under the 3rd switching device SW3 and the 4th effect of switching device SW4, be in conducting state simultaneously at control circuit, when the first switching device SW1 and second switch device SW2 are in off state simultaneously, the voltage of battery unit is applied to the two ends of energy storage inductor L1, and with the residual current of energy storage inductor L1 in the same way, the flow direction of direct current is battery unit positive pole → the 3rd switching device SW3 → energy storage inductor L1 → the 4th switching device SW4 → battery unit negative pole.The electric current of energy storage inductor L1 increases, and this stage is the energy storage stage.This moment, the negative pole electromotive force of battery pack dc bus was lower than the battery unit positive electrode potential, because the first switching device SW1 is in off state, the anodal electric current of battery unit can not flow to battery pack dc bus negative pole.Simultaneously, the positive electrode potential of battery pack dc bus is higher than battery unit negative pole electromotive force, because second switch device SW2 is in off state, the electric current of battery pack dc bus positive pole also can not flow to the negative pole of battery unit.Under the 3rd switching device SW3 and the 4th effect of switching device SW4, be in off state simultaneously at control circuit, at synchronization, when the first switching device SW1 and second switch device SW2 are in conducting state simultaneously, electric energy among the energy storage inductor L1 is raised to the battery pack DC bus-bar voltage rapidly under the principle effect of inductance boost, by the first switching device SW1 and second switch device SW2 the electric energy that stores in the inductance L 1 is pumped into the battery pack dc bus, realize boost operations.
Be in conducting state as the first switching device SW1 and second switch device SW2 simultaneously under the effect at control circuit, at synchronization, when the 3rd switching device SW3 and the 4th switching device SW4 are in off state simultaneously, the voltage of battery pack dc bus is applied to the two ends of energy storage inductor, and with the residual current of energy storage inductor in the same way, the flow direction of direct current is battery pack dc bus positive pole → second switch device SW2 → energy storage inductor L1 → first switching device SW1 → battery pack dc bus negative pole.The electric current of energy storage inductor L1 increases, and this stage is the energy storage stage.This moment, the negative pole electromotive force of battery pack dc bus was lower than the battery unit positive electrode potential, because the 3rd switching device SW3 is in off state, the anodal electric current of battery unit can not flow to battery pack dc bus negative pole.Simultaneously, the positive electrode potential of battery pack dc bus is higher than battery unit negative pole electromotive force, because the 4th switching device SW4 is in off state, the electric current of battery pack dc bus positive pole also can not flow to the negative pole of battery unit.Be in off state as the first switching device SW1 and second switch device SW2 simultaneously under the effect at control circuit, at synchronization, when the 3rd switching device SW3 and the 4th switching device SW4 are in conducting state simultaneously under the control of control circuit, electric energy among the energy storage inductor L1 is reduced to battery cell voltage rapidly under the principle effect of inductance step-down, by the 3rd switching device SW3 and the 4th switching device SW4 the electric energy that stores in the inductance L 1 is pumped into battery unit, realize reduced pressure operation.
Described control circuit is connected with the control end of the first switching device SW1, second switch device SW2, the 3rd switching device SW3, the 4th switching device SW4 respectively by drive circuit U1, and signal deteching circuit is connected with negative pole with the positive pole of battery unit respectively.The balanced detection method of control circuit by designing in advance, judge the equilibrium state of battery unit and send control signal, boost or decompression principle carries out the repetitive cycling operation of synchronous turn-on and turn-off according to foregoing through overdrive circuit control switch device, the electric energy that energy storage inductor stored in the energy storage stage is pumped into the battery pack dc bus in the mode of direct current, and then the unnecessary electric weight of battery unit is constantly transferred in the battery pack dc bus by corresponding with it booster circuit.Or the electric energy of battery pack dc bus pumped into battery unit, and the electric energy of battery unit to be carried out replenishing separately, two kinds of operations realize the non-energy consumption balance of battery pack in conjunction with utilization.
Existing relatively other electric energy transfer modes of the present invention have following advantage:
1. efficient height.The conversion of twice direct current of isolating transformer voltage raising and reducing needs and alternating current, also there is loss in transformer itself.The present invention has avoided the energy loss that exists in the isolating transformer voltage raising and reducing process, efficient height.Because the present invention adopts four switching devices to control, eliminated the conduction voltage drop loss that diode produces among Chinese patent publication number CN1905259A and the CN101552479A, further improved the energy transfer efficiency of circuit.
2. simple in structure, cost is low.DC boosting reduction voltage circuit of the present invention does not need the conversion of direct current and alternating current, only needs five components and parts on the principle, and simple in structure, cost reduces greatly.
3. realize the output and the input operation of battery unit electric energy simultaneously, the balanced efficient height of batteries management system both can be realized charge balancing, can realize equalization discharge again.
4. reliability height.When the present invention is applied to the balanced management of battery pack electric energy, the corresponding voltage raising and reducing circuit of each battery unit, modular works alone, and any breaks down, and can not influence the function of other unit, has improved the reliability of whole system.
5. can realize standardization, mass production.Voltage raising and reducing proportional control of the present invention is flexible, can realize the unified design of circuit at certain power and voltage raising and reducing in than scope, just changes control signal, helps reducing cost, and makes things convenient for system maintenance.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a principle of the invention block diagram;
Fig. 2 is a series battery electric weight equalizing system direct current step-up/step-down circuit theory diagram.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is a principle of the invention block diagram.Illustrate a kind of direct current step-up/step-down circuit, comprise battery pack dc bus, battery unit and switching device, it is characterized in that: the positive pole of battery unit B1 connects the end of the 3rd switching device SW3, the other end of the 3rd switching device SW3 connects the end of energy storage inductor L1 and the end of the first switching device SW1, the other end of described energy storage inductor L1 connects the end of second switch device SW2 and the end of the 4th switching device SW4, and the other end of the 4th switching device SW4 connects the negative pole of battery unit B1.The other end of the first switching device SW1 connects battery pack dc bus negative pole, and the other end of second switch device SW2 connects battery pack dc bus positive pole; The state of the first switching device SW1, second switch device SW2, the 3rd switching device SW3, the 4th switching device SW4 is controlled by control circuit U1.
To apply the present invention to three joint managing equalization of series battery is example, and direct current step-up/step-down circuit theory diagram is an example with battery unit B1 among the figure as shown in Figure 2, has indicated connecting circuit in detail.Each step-up/step-down circuit and a cover control circuit constitute an independently balanced management module, each battery unit connects a described administration module, connect by communication bus between each described administration module, each module can be by the information of other modules in the communication bus reading system.
The first switching device SW1, second switch device SW2, the 3rd switching device SW3, the 4th switching device SW4 preferably adopt MOSFET or IGBT device.Though can select different switching devices for use on the first switching device SW1, second switch device SW2, the 3rd switching device SW3, the 4th switching device SW4 principle, select for use identical device more suitable.Device select the consistency that does not change on the principle of the invention for use.Operating frequency requirement of the inductance value of energy storage inductor L1 and circuit etc. is relevant, but should take all factors into consideration influencing each other of device cost and operating efficiency.The control circuit U1 of balanced management module is connected with the control end of the first switching device SW1, second switch device SW2, the 3rd switching device SW3, the 4th switching device SW4 respectively by drive circuit.Control circuit U1 is connected with negative pole with the positive pole of battery unit B1 by signal deteching circuit.Each control module sends to other modules by the information that communication bus will be connected battery unit with oneself, and read the information of other battery units by communication bus, control circuit is judged the equilibrium state of battery unit by predefined balanced detection method.When detecting when being attached thereto the battery unit that connects and need discharging, control circuit sends control signal.Above-mentioned control signal through overdrive circuit control the first switching device SW1, second switch device SW2, the 3rd switching device SW3, the 4th switching device SW4 according to foregoingly boost, decompression principle carries out the cycling of synchronous turn-on and turn-off.The transfer power and the ratio of boosting of the duty ratio control electric weight of switching device.Switching device does not also require absolute synchronous turn-on and turn-off control, and actual circuit can not be realized absolute synchronization.But the whether synchronous consistency of the present invention on the voltage raising and reducing principle that do not influence.Capacitor C 1 among Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the effect of capacitor C 2 mainly are smothing filterings, do not have necessary property on the principle.But in the actual design, introduce capacitor C 1, capacitor C 2 and select suitable parameters for use and kind can effectively be improved equalization performance of the present invention.Battery unit B1 is not limited to battery cell in the present embodiment, and for multi-stage superimposed topological structure, battery unit B1 can be the battery pack that integrates.
Although the present invention describes in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments; but be to be understood that the present invention is not subjected to the restriction that specifies disclosed herein, all should be within protection scope of the present invention for any conspicuous change of those skilled in the art.
Claims (2)
1. direct current step-up/step-down circuit, comprise the battery pack dc bus, battery unit and switching device, it is characterized in that: the positive pole of battery unit (B1) connects an end of the 3rd switching device (SW3), the other end of the 3rd switching device (SW3) connects an end of energy storage inductor (L1) and an end of first switching device (SW1), the other end of described energy storage inductor (L1) connects an end of second switch device (SW2) and an end of the 4th switching device (SW4), the other end of the 4th switching device (SW4) connects the negative pole of battery unit (B1), the other end of first switching device (SW1) connects battery pack dc bus negative pole, and the other end of second switch device (SW2) connects battery pack dc bus positive pole; The state of first switching device (SW1), second switch device (SW2), the 3rd switching device (SW3), the 4th switching device (SW4) is controlled by control circuit (U1).
2. according to the described a kind of direct current step-up/step-down circuit of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described control circuit (U1) by drive circuit respectively with first switching device (SW1), second switch device (SW2), the 3rd switching device (SW3), the control end of the 4th switching device (SW4) connects, the signal deteching circuit two ends of control circuit (U1) are connected with negative pole with the positive pole of battery unit (B1) respectively, control circuit sends control signal, control first switching device (SW1), second switch device (SW2) and the 3rd switching device (SW3), the hocket cycling of synchronous turn-on and turn-off of the 4th switching device (SW4) realizes the non-energy consumption balance of battery pack.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201010248627 CN101944754A (en) | 2010-08-09 | 2010-08-09 | Direct current step-up/step-down circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201010248627 CN101944754A (en) | 2010-08-09 | 2010-08-09 | Direct current step-up/step-down circuit |
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| CN101944754A true CN101944754A (en) | 2011-01-12 |
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| CN 201010248627 Pending CN101944754A (en) | 2010-08-09 | 2010-08-09 | Direct current step-up/step-down circuit |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102214946A (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2011-10-12 | 淄博洁力电气设备有限公司 | Synchronous dynamic balancing system for energy of power battery pack |
| CN102682698A (en) * | 2012-04-09 | 2012-09-19 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Driving circuit, driving power supply and display device |
| CN103337957A (en) * | 2013-07-04 | 2013-10-02 | 南京集能易新能源技术有限公司 | Low-ripple four-switch buck-boost direct-current converter and control method thereof |
| CN104134825A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-11-05 | 扬州大学 | Bus photovoltaic integrated storage battery maintaining system and maintaining method thereof |
| RU2558693C2 (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2015-08-10 | Эдвид Иванович Линевич | Power generation method and inductance oscillator for its implementation |
| CN111245069A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-06-05 | 唐山尚新融大电子产品有限公司 | Bidirectional equalization control device and control method thereof |
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| US6064178A (en) * | 1998-05-07 | 2000-05-16 | Ford Motor Company | Battery charge balancing system having parallel switched energy storage elements |
| CN1905259A (en) * | 2005-07-28 | 2007-01-31 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Lattice type battery level balancer |
| CN101552479A (en) * | 2009-05-25 | 2009-10-07 | 青岛大学 | Direct-current voltage reducing circuit |
| CN101562396A (en) * | 2009-05-25 | 2009-10-21 | 青岛大学 | DC voltage booster circuit |
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2010
- 2010-08-09 CN CN 201010248627 patent/CN101944754A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6064178A (en) * | 1998-05-07 | 2000-05-16 | Ford Motor Company | Battery charge balancing system having parallel switched energy storage elements |
| CN1905259A (en) * | 2005-07-28 | 2007-01-31 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Lattice type battery level balancer |
| CN101552479A (en) * | 2009-05-25 | 2009-10-07 | 青岛大学 | Direct-current voltage reducing circuit |
| CN101562396A (en) * | 2009-05-25 | 2009-10-21 | 青岛大学 | DC voltage booster circuit |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102214946A (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2011-10-12 | 淄博洁力电气设备有限公司 | Synchronous dynamic balancing system for energy of power battery pack |
| CN102214946B (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2013-09-25 | 淄博洁力电气设备有限公司 | Synchronous dynamic balancing system for energy of power battery pack |
| CN102682698A (en) * | 2012-04-09 | 2012-09-19 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Driving circuit, driving power supply and display device |
| CN102682698B (en) * | 2012-04-09 | 2015-04-15 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Driving circuit, driving power supply and display device |
| RU2558693C2 (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2015-08-10 | Эдвид Иванович Линевич | Power generation method and inductance oscillator for its implementation |
| CN103337957A (en) * | 2013-07-04 | 2013-10-02 | 南京集能易新能源技术有限公司 | Low-ripple four-switch buck-boost direct-current converter and control method thereof |
| CN104134825A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-11-05 | 扬州大学 | Bus photovoltaic integrated storage battery maintaining system and maintaining method thereof |
| CN111245069A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-06-05 | 唐山尚新融大电子产品有限公司 | Bidirectional equalization control device and control method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20110112 |