CN106026174B - A kind of grid-connected photovoltaic system with intelligent power dividing function - Google Patents
A kind of grid-connected photovoltaic system with intelligent power dividing function Download PDFInfo
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- CN106026174B CN106026174B CN201610524921.7A CN201610524921A CN106026174B CN 106026174 B CN106026174 B CN 106026174B CN 201610524921 A CN201610524921 A CN 201610524921A CN 106026174 B CN106026174 B CN 106026174B
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- grid
- photovoltaic
- photovoltaic system
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- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H02J3/383—
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0036—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using connection detecting circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of grid-connected photovoltaic systems with intelligent power dividing function, include mainly:Photovoltaic array, bridge rectifier, charge controller, Voltage stabilizing module, accumulator, bidirectional converter, selecting switch module, AC network.The present invention is realized by auxiliary charging module and is controlled the intelligent charge of accumulator;And the control of the connection in series-parallel pattern of photovoltaic system and AC network is realized by selecting switch module.The service life that accumulator can effectively be extended, improves the electric energy service efficiency of grid-connected photovoltaic system, while can reduce the failure rate of grid-connected photovoltaic system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of photovoltaic power generation, especially a kind of to have the grid-connected of intelligent power dividing function
Electricity generation system.
Background technology
Photovoltaic cell is a kind of device having response to light by photoelectric effect and can convert light energy into electric power.Photovoltaic is sent out
Electricity obtains broad development in recent years as one of most potential generation technology in all regenerative resources.
Parallel network power generation/power supply is photovoltaic generation application that is most widely used at present, being also maturation the most.It is grid-connected
The most basic component parts that generates electricity includes mainly photovoltaic array, semiconductor rectifier, accumulator, grid-connection device or device.Wherein,
Large-capacity battery is to adjust the necessary means of photovoltaic generation and AC network power energy allocation and load distribution, and grid-connection device is then
It is photovoltaic generation and AC network comprehensive utilization ratio maximumlly one of adjustment means.
Currently, since photovoltaic array power generation amount is influenced by uncertain factor, and the load capacity that is incorporated into the power networks change it is big,
Large-capacity battery in parallel network power generation is primarily present the problem of overcharging with charge less overload operation, and free charge and discharge
Accumulator cell charging and discharging under electricity condition is frequent.Therefore the accumulator activity in grid-connected photovoltaic system will be severely impacted,
To substantially reduce service life and service efficiency, the safety of photovoltaic power generation grid-connecting operation is further influenced.Therefore, it is necessary to seek
A kind of intelligent solution is sought, is overcharged and charge less problem to avoid accumulator in photovoltaic parallel in system.
In addition, current photovoltaic generation incoming transport power grid generally in such a way that semiconductor variable flow device is using parallel connection, i.e.,
Photovoltaic generation provides means as the auxiliary power of main power grid.But it breaks down inside main power grid or photovoltaic generating system
When, parallel way above-mentioned will disintegrate, and photovoltaic generation and AC network respectively work independently again.Although in the prior art
Propose the alternative solution that photovoltaic generation is incorporated into the power networks with series-parallel system.But the tandem working interface provided at present only exists
It just comes into operation in the case of exchanging main electric network fault, utilization ratio is low, and photovoltaic generation and AC network are in parallel or series
Pattern be it is fixed, cannot according to load capacity carry out intelligent maneuver adjusting.Therefore, it is also desirable to which providing one kind can flexibly turn
Become the interface arrangement of the series and parallel relationship between photovoltaic generation and AC network.
Invention content
The present invention is provided a kind of with intelligent power distribution to avoid shortcoming present in above-mentioned prior art
The grid-connected photovoltaic system of function, effectively to solve the problems, such as in a manner of its accumulator and grid integration.
The present invention proposes lower technical solution:
A kind of grid-connected photovoltaic system with intelligent power dividing function, is structurally characterized in that, includes mainly light
Photovoltaic array, bridge rectifier, charge controller, Voltage stabilizing module, accumulator, bidirectional converter, selecting switch module, alternating current
Net;
The photovoltaic array is connected by the bridge rectifier with the charge controller;The charge controller with
The accumulator is connected;The charge controller and the accumulator are respectively by the Voltage stabilizing module and electrical equipment
DC load is connected;
The charge controller includes mainly microcontroller, auxiliary charging module, accumulator electric-quantity detection module;Wherein,
The microcontroller is separately connected the auxiliary charging module, the accumulator, the Voltage stabilizing module;The auxiliary charging module
It is connected with the accumulator by the accumulator electric-quantity detection module;The auxiliary charging module is examined with electrical equipment power
Module connection is surveyed, the electrical equipment power detection module is used to detect the bearing power of electrical equipment;
The photovoltaic array is connected by the bridge rectifier with the bidirectional converter;The bidirectional converter with
AC load in electrical equipment is connected, and the bidirectional converter is negative by the direct current in Voltage stabilizing module and electrical equipment
Load is connected;
The AC network is connected by A.C. contactor with the selecting switch module, the selecting switch module with
The bidirectional converter is connected;The selecting switch module is used to control the string of the AC network and the bidirectional converter
Connection is in parallel.
Further, the charge controller further includes photovoltaic power detection module, the photovoltaic power detection module with
The microcontroller is connected;
Further, the selecting switch module includes the first bi-directional thyristor switch, the second bi-directional thyristor switch, the
Three bi-directional thyristor switch, in single-phase circuit, the first bi-directional thyristor switch includes two bidirectional triode thyristors in parallel, and second
Bi-directional thyristor switch includes two bidirectional triode thyristors in parallel, and third bi-directional thyristor switch is a bidirectional triode thyristor.
Further, the selecting switch module also include a capacitor, the capacitor with the third is two-way can
It is in parallel to control transwitch.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the beneficial effect that:
A kind of grid-connected photovoltaic system with intelligent power dividing function of the present invention, by charge controller
Middle setting auxiliary charging module, by realizing the automatic charging to accumulator to the detection of accumulator electric-quantity.It avoids to electric power storage
The overcharge in pond and charge less electricity, and the charge and discharge number to accumulator is effectively reduced, and then the use of accumulator can be extended
Service life.
During solar recharging, electrical equipment is first checked whether there is in electricity consumption and electric power, further according to the sun
Energy charge power is allocated.If the electric energy that solar energy provides is more than the electric energy that electrical equipment uses, extra electric energy is
Accumulator charges.If the inadequate electrical equipment of electric energy that solar energy provides uses, insufficient section is provided by accumulator.
External alternating current to charge the battery when, if solar energy also exports electric energy at this time, preferentially use solar recharging;
It is insufficient in solar recharging, reuse commercial power charged function.
A kind of grid-connected photovoltaic system with intelligent power dividing function of the present invention, also passes through selecting switch mould
Block controls AC network and photovoltaic system in parallel or series, can be according to load capacity or grid-connected photovoltaic system
Fault condition such as automatically controls the parallel connection between photovoltaic system and AC network, connects at the states.
A kind of grid-connected photovoltaic system with intelligent power dividing function of the present invention, passes through auxiliary charging module
It realizes and the intelligent charge of accumulator is controlled, and the intelligence to photovoltaic system and AC network is realized by selecting switch module
Networked mode controls, and can effectively extend the service life of accumulator, improve grid-connected photovoltaic system electric energy service efficiency,
The failure rate of grid-connected photovoltaic system can also be reduced simultaneously.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that a kind of overall structure with the grid-connected photovoltaic system of intelligent power dividing function of the present invention is former
Reason figure.
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of charge controller in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of selecting switch module in the embodiment of the present invention.
Below by way of specific implementation mode, and in conjunction with attached drawing, the invention will be further described.
Specific implementation mode
Referring to Fig. 1, it illustrates a kind of schematic diagrams of grid-connected photovoltaic system.
A kind of grid-connected photovoltaic system with intelligent power dividing function of the present invention, includes mainly photovoltaic battle array
Row, bridge rectifier, charge controller, Voltage stabilizing module, accumulator, bidirectional converter, selecting switch module, AC network.Light
Photovoltaic array is connected by bridge rectifier with charge controller.Wherein, distributed photovoltaic unit composition can be used in photovoltaic array,
Uncontrollable full-bridge Power Diode Pumped composition can be used in bridge rectifier.12V monomer lead-acid batteries composition can be used in accumulator
Battery pack, or use ultracapacitor.
As shown in Figure 1, charge controller is connected with the accumulator.Charge controller and accumulator pass through voltage stabilizing respectively
Module is connected with the DC load in electrical equipment.The BOOST circuits with LC filters can be used in Voltage stabilizing module, have boosting
Function can provide stable power output for DC load.
Photovoltaic array is connected by bridge rectifier with bidirectional converter.Bidirectional converter in this example is different from existing
" bidirectional converter " concept existing in technology, the bidirectional converter do not have the function that energy two-way circulates, only refer to direct current or
AC energy can flow to the other end from one end, and can be changed into direct current or form of communication needed for load.The two-way change
Although the circuit of stream device is not expressed in the drawing of the present application, the basis based on those of ordinary skill in the art is known
Knowledge can be implemented, such as:By taking three-phase as an example, using the full bridge structure of electric power IGBT as the bidirectional converter of the present invention,
By suitable pwm control signal, the direct current of one end or electric current income can be changed into exchange (direct current)/direct current of the other end
(exchange) exports.
See Fig. 1, bidirectional converter be connected with the AC load in electrical equipment, and the bidirectional converter also by
Voltage stabilizing module above-mentioned is connected with the DC load in electrical equipment.
AC network is connected by A.C. contactor with selecting switch module, selecting switch module and bidirectional converter phase
Connection.
During solar recharging, electrical equipment power detection module can check whether there is electrical equipment in electricity consumption and
Electric power, while the power of solar energy output can also be detected by charge controller.Charge controller is according to solar charging electric work
Rate is compared with the realtime power of electrical equipment.If the electric energy that solar energy provides is more than the electric energy that electrical equipment uses,
Extra electric energy is to charge the battery.If the inadequate electrical equipment of electric energy that solar energy provides uses, insufficient section is by electric power storage
Pond is supplied to electrical equipment.
External alternating current to charge the battery when, if solar energy also exports electric energy at this time, preferentially use solar recharging;
It is insufficient in solar recharging, reuse commercial power charged function.
Referring to attached drawing 2, charge controller includes mainly microcontroller U1, auxiliary charging module, accumulator electric-quantity detection mould
Block, photovoltaic power detection module.Wherein, microcontroller U1 is separately connected auxiliary charging module, accumulator, photovoltaic power detection mould
Block, Voltage stabilizing module.Auxiliary charging module is connected by accumulator electric-quantity detection module with accumulator.Auxiliary charging module and use
Electric equipment power detection module connects, and electrical equipment power detection module is used to detect the bearing power of electrical equipment.
In the present invention, microcontroller U1 is turned on and off the charging to accumulator according to the feedback signal of auxiliary charging module
Circuit.Specifically it is realized in:Auxiliary charging module is made of two discrete integrating circuit, presets accumulator electricity respectively
Measure the corresponding analog signal values of upper and lower bound.Accumulator electric-quantity detection module detects the electricity of accumulator, and generation pair in real time
The analog signal answered is sent to auxiliary charging module, and auxiliary charging module is by the ratio of the signal value of setting and real time detection signal value
Relatively result issues microcontroller U1, and the switching of charging circuit is controlled by microcontroller U1.Upper limit threshold can be set to prevent electric power storage
Pond overcharges, and lower threshold is arranged to prevent accumulator charge less electric.
Attached drawing 1 is seen again, and electrical equipment work(is arranged in one of the auxiliary as accumulator protecting in one embodiment of this invention
Rate detection module includes the power detection to DC load in the electrical equipment power detection module.When accumulator electric-quantity is less than
When lower threshold, output of the microcontroller U1 cut-out accumulators to DC load directly controls bridge rectifier through regulator circuit
It powers to DC load.
Attached drawing 3 is with the circuit theory that single-phase circuit is the selecting switch module being illustrated in the present invention.It only describes below
The circuit structure that single-phase circuit is related to.Selecting switch module includes three bi-directional thyristor switch K1, K2, K3 and a capacitance
Device C.In single-phase circuit, the first bi-directional thyristor switch K1 includes two bidirectional triode thyristors in parallel, the second bidirectional triode thyristor
Switch K2 also includes two bidirectional triode thyristors in parallel, and third bi-directional thyristor switch K3 is a bidirectional triode thyristor.
It can also be mechanical switch that switch K, which can be A.C. contactor, in Fig. 3, and when switch K is disconnected, photovoltaic system is detached from
Power grid independent operating.In the present embodiment, switch K is set as contact normally off.
Selecting switch module in the present invention can realize that (its output end is Bidirectional variable-flow to photovoltaic system according to control signal
Device) switch with the connection in series-parallel of AC network:First bi-directional thyristor switch K1 is disconnected, the second bi-directional thyristor switch K2 and third
When bi-directional thyristor switch K3 conducting, photovoltaic system realizes series operation with AC network, at this point, AC network is to AC load
Power supply, photovoltaic system are powered to DC load, or control bidirectional converter is born to direct current simultaneously from photovoltaic system and AC network
Carry power supply.Second bi-directional thyristor switch K2 is disconnected, and the first bi-directional thyristor switch K1 and third bi-directional thyristor switch K3 are led
When logical, photovoltaic system realizes parallel running with AC network, at this point, photovoltaic system is powered to DC load, photovoltaic system and friendship
Galvanic electricity net is powered to AC load simultaneously.
Certainly, selecting switch module of the invention and bidirectional converter cooperating, additionally it is possible to realize other functions, such as simultaneously
Join under operational mode, control bidirectional converter can realize that AC network charges to accumulator.
Again referring to attached drawing 2, charge controller further includes photovoltaic power detection module, if the output power of photovoltaic array is more than
Power needed for electrical equipment (direct current+exchange), i.e. the output electricity of photovoltaic array has surplus, at this time if examined by accumulator electric-quantity
The electricity for surveying the accumulator of module feedback is discontented (upper limit threshold for not arriving setting), then the microcontroller U1 in charge controller
Start charging circuit to charge to accumulator;If accumulator electric-quantity has been expired at this time, switched via microcontroller U1 control selections
Module selectes parallel running mode, and control bidirectional converter exports electric energy to AC network.If the output power of photovoltaic array is small
The power needed for electrical equipment is then electrical equipment by the output circuit of the microcontroller U1 starting storage batteries in charge controller
In DC load power supply.At this point, if accumulator electric-quantity is insufficient (being less than given threshold), by microcontroller U1 control selections
Switch module starts the serial or parallel connection pattern of AC network.
The photovoltaic power detection module includes voltage detecting circuit and current detection circuit;The voltage detecting circuit is used
In the output voltage for detecting the bridge rectifier, it is used to detect the output current of bridge rectifier for current detection circuit.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, Er Qie
In the case of without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Profit requires rather than above description limits, it is intended that all by what is fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent requirements of the claims
Variation is included within the present invention.Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the involved claims.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only wrapped
Containing an independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should
It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art
The other embodiment being appreciated that.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of grid-connected photovoltaic system with intelligent power dividing function, it is characterised in that:It include mainly photovoltaic battle array
Row, bridge rectifier, charge controller, Voltage stabilizing module, accumulator, bidirectional converter, selecting switch module, AC network;It should
Bidirectional converter does not have the function that energy two-way circulates, and the other end can be flowed to from one end by only referring to direct current or AC energy,
And direct current or form of communication needed for load can be changed into;
The photovoltaic array is connected by the bridge rectifier with the charge controller;The charge controller with it is described
Accumulator is connected;The charge controller and the accumulator pass through the direct current in the Voltage stabilizing module and electrical equipment respectively
Load is connected;
The charge controller includes mainly microcontroller, auxiliary charging module, accumulator electric-quantity detection module;Wherein, described
Microcontroller is separately connected the auxiliary charging module, the accumulator, the Voltage stabilizing module;The auxiliary charging module passes through
The accumulator electric-quantity detection module is connected with the accumulator;The auxiliary charging module and electrical equipment power detection mould
Block connects, and the electrical equipment power detection module is used to detect the bearing power of electrical equipment;
The photovoltaic array is connected by the bridge rectifier with the bidirectional converter;The bidirectional converter and electricity consumption
AC load in equipment is connected, and the bidirectional converter is negative by the direct current in the Voltage stabilizing module and electrical equipment
Load is connected;
The AC network is connected by A.C. contactor with the selecting switch module, the selecting switch module with it is described
Bidirectional converter is connected;The selecting switch module be used to control the AC network and the bidirectional converter connect or
It is in parallel.
2. a kind of grid-connected photovoltaic system with intelligent power dividing function according to claim 1, feature
It is:The charge controller further includes photovoltaic power detection module, the photovoltaic power detection module and the microcontroller
It is connected.
3. a kind of grid-connected photovoltaic system with intelligent power dividing function according to claim 1, feature
It is:The selecting switch module includes the first bi-directional thyristor switch, the second bi-directional thyristor switch, third bidirectional triode thyristor
Switch, in single-phase circuit, the first bi-directional thyristor switch includes two bidirectional triode thyristors in parallel, and the second bidirectional triode thyristor is opened
Pass includes two bidirectional triode thyristors in parallel, and third bi-directional thyristor switch is a bidirectional triode thyristor.
4. a kind of grid-connected photovoltaic system with intelligent power dividing function according to claim 3, feature
It is:The selecting switch module also includes a capacitor, and the capacitor is in parallel with the third bi-directional thyristor switch.
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TWI721621B (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2021-03-11 | 財團法人工業技術研究院 | Three-phase expandable ac system based on battery reconfiguration and control method thereof |
CN110838743B (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2021-10-08 | 福建和盛高科技产业有限公司 | Charge-discharge control circuit with automatic protection mechanism |
CN111211584A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-05-29 | 安徽国锦电力工程有限公司 | Electric power transmission and transformation project's consumer power intelligent distribution system |
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CN102412598A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2012-04-11 | 辽宁省电力有限公司锦州供电公司 | Minitype intelligent bidirectional self-adaptation grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system and control method thereof |
CN203014394U (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2013-06-19 | 武汉承光博德光电科技有限公司 | Household photovoltaic multifunctional intelligent power station |
CN103855790A (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2014-06-11 | 电子科技大学 | Intelligent photovoltaic power generation system with energy storage function and control method of system |
CN205724935U (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-11-23 | 界首市菁华科技信息咨询服务有限公司 | A kind of grid-connected photovoltaic system with intelligent power dividing function |
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Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102412598A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2012-04-11 | 辽宁省电力有限公司锦州供电公司 | Minitype intelligent bidirectional self-adaptation grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system and control method thereof |
CN203014394U (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2013-06-19 | 武汉承光博德光电科技有限公司 | Household photovoltaic multifunctional intelligent power station |
CN103855790A (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2014-06-11 | 电子科技大学 | Intelligent photovoltaic power generation system with energy storage function and control method of system |
CN205724935U (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-11-23 | 界首市菁华科技信息咨询服务有限公司 | A kind of grid-connected photovoltaic system with intelligent power dividing function |
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