CN102398525A - Brake energy recovery system and method of electric vehicle - Google Patents
Brake energy recovery system and method of electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN102398525A CN102398525A CN2010102812725A CN201010281272A CN102398525A CN 102398525 A CN102398525 A CN 102398525A CN 2010102812725 A CN2010102812725 A CN 2010102812725A CN 201010281272 A CN201010281272 A CN 201010281272A CN 102398525 A CN102398525 A CN 102398525A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 144
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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Abstract
The invention discloses a brake energy recovery system and method of an electric vehicle. The brake energy recovery system of the electric vehicle comprises an energy conversion unit, an inverting unit, an energy storage unit and an energy storage unit management system, wherein the energy conversion unit is used for converting mechanical energy generated during braking into electrical energy and converting the electrical energy into the mechanical energy for driving a vehicle during driving; the inverting unit is connected with the energy conversion unit and used for inverting between alternating current and direct current; the energy storage unit is used for receiving the electrical energy generated by the energy conversion unit and can provide the electrical energy; the energy storage unit management system is connected between the inverting unit and the energy storage unit and used for controlling charge and discharge of the energy storage unit; and the energy storage unit comprises a super-capacitor energy storage unit and a chemical battery energy storage unit, wherein the super-capacitor energy storage unit is connected with the chemical battery energy storage unit in parallel through the energy storage unit management system. Through the system and method disclosed by the invention, the brake energy recovery efficiency can be improved, and the service life of the battery can be prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric automobile energy and reclaim field, particularly a kind of braking energy recovery system for electric vehicle and energy recovery control method.
Background technology
Along with the exhaustion day by day of fossil resources such as oil, environmental pollution is increasingly serious, and the new forms of energy vehicle obtains increasing popularization.Each conventional truck manufacturer also falls over each other to release battery-driven car or the hybrid power vehicle of oneself.Elec. vehicle not only uses the electric energy powered vehicle of cleaning to go, and can also the energy recovery that produce in the braking procedure be utilized again.The vehicle that has brake energy recovering system at present mostly be with the electric energy of electric motor recovery directly for battery charge (like the Chinese patent publication number: CN10159043); But the charging ability of current battery is generally lower; And it is often very big again that electric current is reclaimed in braking; So battery can not fully reclaim the energy that glancing impact produces, also can shorten the service life of battery.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of braking energy organic efficiency high, the braking energy recovery system for electric vehicle of long service life and energy recovery control method.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a kind of braking energy recovery system for electric vehicle, comprising: an energy conversion unit, be used for converting the mechanical energy of glancing impact into electric energy, convert electrical energy into the mechanical energy of powered vehicle during driving; One inversion unit is connected with said energy conversion unit, is used for changing between alternating current and the direct current (DC); One energy-storage units is used to receive the electric energy that said energy conversion unit produces, and electric energy can be provided; And an energy-storage units management system, be connected between said inversion unit and the energy-storage units, be used to control discharging and recharging of said energy-storage units; Wherein, said energy-storage units comprises a super capacitor energy-storage unit and a chemical cell energy-storage units, and this super capacitor energy-storage unit and chemical cell energy-storage units are connected in parallel through said energy-storage units management system.
Braking energy recovery system for electric vehicle of the present invention, wherein, said energy-storage units management system comprises a copped wave unit, is used for being connected with the battery energy storage unit with said super capacitor energy-storage unit the size of current of control process of charging.
Braking energy recovery system for electric vehicle of the present invention, wherein, said energy conversion unit is an electric generator/electric motor composition motor.
Braking energy recovery system for electric vehicle of the present invention, wherein, said electric generator/electric motor composition motor is a three phase electric machine; Said inversion unit is with changing between three plase alternating current and the direct current (DC).
Braking energy recovery system for electric vehicle of the present invention, wherein, said copped wave unit comprises two insulated gate polar form power tubes.
Braking energy recovery system for electric vehicle of the present invention, wherein, said energy-storage units management system is passed through the dutycycle of the said insulated gate polar form of adjustment two-way power tube with the adjustment charging current.
Braking energy recovery system for electric vehicle of the present invention; Further; The energy-storage units management system also comprises: a charging control unit is used for being controlled at process of charging; The charging current of said chemical cell energy-storage units is limited under the rated value, in the feedback process of charging, does not receive the impact of big electric current to protect said chemical cell energy-storage units to greatest extent; When making electric current that said energy conversion unit transforms out greater than the limit value of chemical cell energy-storage units, excessive electric current is absorbed by said super capacitor energy-storage unit; One discharge control unit; Be used for being controlled at discharge process; Electric energy stored is come powered vehicle in the said super capacitor energy-storage of the preferential use unit; When electric weight reaches lower limit in said super capacitor energy-storage unit, stop power supply in said super capacitor energy-storage unit, and said chemical cell energy-storage units transfers the energy source that powered vehicle is gone to.
The present invention also provides a kind of braking energy of electric automobiles recycling and control method; Be used for above-mentioned braking energy recovery system for electric vehicle; This control method comprises: a charging controlled step S1; Be used for being controlled at process of charging, the charging current of said chemical cell energy-storage units is limited under the rated value, in the feedback process of charging, do not receive the impact of big electric current to protect said chemical cell energy-storage units to greatest extent; When making electric current that said energy conversion unit transforms out greater than the limit value of battery energy storage unit, excessive electric current is absorbed by said super capacitor energy-storage unit; One discharge controlled step S2; Be used for being controlled at discharge process; Electric energy stored is come powered vehicle in the said super capacitor energy-storage of the preferential use unit; When electric weight reaches lower limit in said super capacitor energy-storage unit, stop power supply in said super capacitor energy-storage unit, and said chemical cell energy-storage units transfers the energy source that powered vehicle is gone to.
Braking energy of electric automobiles recycling and control method of the present invention, wherein, said charging controlled step S1 comprises again: step S11, judge that whether said vehicle braked pedal aperture is less than a preset value; If then change step S12 over to; If not, then change the mechanical braking pattern over to, do not reclaim the braking electric energy; Step S12, whether the state-of-charge value of state-of-charge value and said super capacitor energy-storage unit of judging said chemical cell energy-storage units is all less than a preset separately higher limit; If then change step S13 over to; If not, then change the mechanical braking pattern over to, do not reclaim the braking electric energy; Step S13 judges that B.P. is whether less than a preset battery rating horsepower; If, then changing the battery take-back model over to, said super capacitor energy-storage unit breaks off, and receives the braking electric energy by said chemical cell energy-storage units; If not, then change the mixing take-back model over to, said chemical cell energy-storage units charges with said rating horsepower, and the charge power of said super capacitor energy-storage unit is the poor of B.P. and battery rating horsepower.
Braking energy of electric automobiles recycling and control method of the present invention, wherein, said discharge controlled step S2 comprises again: whether the state-of-charge value of judging said super capacitor energy-storage unit is greater than a preset lower limit; If, then change the super capacitor drive pattern over to, by said super capacitor energy-storage unit electric energy is provided; If not, then change battery-operated pattern over to, electric energy is provided by said chemical cell energy-storage units.
Can know that through technique scheme beneficial effect of the present invention is:
Through adopting super capacitor and battery parallel way, charge-discharge performance that combining super capacitor is outstanding and the relatively large advantage of conventional lithium battery capacity improve the braking energy organic efficiency, increase the power that discharges and recharges in the short time, and can increase the service life.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of braking energy recovery system for electric vehicle of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 further comprises the structured flowchart that discharges and recharges control unit for energy-storage units management system among the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the braking mode control block diagram of energy recovery control method of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the drive pattern control block diagram of energy recovery control method of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Combine specific embodiment to specify the present invention with reference to accompanying drawing below.
As shown in Figure 1, braking energy recovery system for electric vehicle of the present invention comprises: Conversion of energy unit 101, inversion unit 102, energy-storage units, energy-storage units management system 103; Said energy-storage units comprises super capacitor energy-storage unit 104 and chemical cell energy-storage units 105; Super capacitor energy-storage unit 104 walks abreast through energy-storage units management system 103 with chemical cell energy-storage units 105 and is connected; Energy-storage units management system 103 is connected with Conversion of energy unit 101 through inversion unit 102; Said energy conversion unit 101 converts the mechanical energy of glancing impact into electric energy, converts electrical energy into the mechanical energy of powered vehicle during driving, and it can be an electric generator/electric motor composition motor, further can be a three phase electric machine; Said inversion unit 102 further can be with changing between three plase alternating current and the direct current (DC) with changing between alternating current and the direct current (DC); Said energy-storage units management system 103 is used to control discharging and recharging of said energy-storage units.
As shown in Figure 2, be the circuit diagram of one embodiment of the invention.Said energy-storage units management system 103 comprises a copped wave unit 31, is used for being connected with chemical cell energy-storage units 105 with said super capacitor energy-storage unit 104 size of current of control process of charging; Said copped wave unit 31 comprises two insulated gate polar form power tubes (IGBT) 311; Said energy-storage units management system 103 is passed through the dutycycle of the said insulated gate polar form of adjustment two-way power tube 311 with the adjustment charging current; Specifically; Said energy-storage units management system 103 is according to the needs of control policy, and the dutycycle that control end k1, the k2 through two insulated gate polar form power tubes 311 adjusts said insulated gate polar form power tube is with the adjustment charging current; Said energy-storage units management system 103 is connected with electric generator/electric motor composition motor 11 through inverter 21.
As shown in Figure 3; Said energy-storage units management system 103 further comprises a charging control unit 301; Be used for being controlled at process of charging; The charging current of said chemical cell energy-storage units 105 is limited under the rated value, in the feedback process of charging, does not receive the impact of big electric current to protect said chemical cell energy-storage units 105 to greatest extent; When making electric current that said energy conversion unit 101 transforms out greater than the limit value of chemical cell energy-storage units 105, excessive electric current is absorbed by said super capacitor energy-storage unit 104; Reach a discharge control unit; Be used for being controlled at discharge process; Electric energy stored is come powered vehicle in the said super capacitor energy-storage of the preferential use unit 104; When electric weight reaches lower limit in said super capacitor energy-storage unit 104, stop power supply in said super capacitor energy-storage unit 104, and said chemical cell energy-storage units 105 transfers the energy source that powered vehicle is gone to.
Braking energy of electric automobiles recycling and control method of the present invention; Comprise: a charging controlled step S1; Be used for being controlled at process of charging; The charging current of said chemical cell energy-storage units is limited under the rated value, in the feedback process of charging, does not receive the impact of big electric current to protect said chemical cell energy-storage units to greatest extent; When making electric current that said energy conversion unit transforms out greater than the limit value of chemical cell energy-storage units, excessive electric current is absorbed by said super capacitor energy-storage unit; One discharge controlled step S2; Be used for being controlled at discharge process; Electric energy stored is come powered vehicle in the said super capacitor energy-storage of the preferential use unit; When electric weight reaches lower limit in said super capacitor energy-storage unit, stop power supply in said super capacitor energy-storage unit, and said chemical cell energy-storage units transfers the energy source that powered vehicle is gone to.
As shown in Figure 4, said charging controlled step S1 comprises again: step S11, judge that whether said vehicle braked pedal aperture is less than a preset value; If then change step S12 over to; If not, then change the mechanical braking pattern over to, do not reclaim the braking electric energy; Step S12, whether the state-of-charge value (SOC) of state-of-charge value (SOC) and said super capacitor energy-storage unit of judging said chemical cell energy-storage units is all less than a preset separately higher limit; If then change step S13 over to; If not, then change the mechanical braking pattern over to, do not reclaim the braking electric energy; Step S13 judges that B.P. is whether less than a preset battery rating horsepower; If, then changing the battery take-back model over to, said super capacitor energy-storage unit breaks off, and receives the braking electric energy by said chemical cell energy-storage units; If not, then change the mixing take-back model over to, said chemical cell energy-storage units charges with said rating horsepower, and the charge power of said super capacitor energy-storage unit is the poor of B.P. and battery rating horsepower.
As shown in Figure 5, said discharge controlled step S2 comprises again: whether the state-of-charge value (SOC) of judging said super capacitor energy-storage unit is greater than a preset lower limit; If, then change the super capacitor drive pattern over to, by said super capacitor energy-storage unit electric energy is provided; If not, then change battery-operated pattern over to, electric energy is provided by said chemical cell energy-storage units.
Through above-mentioned energy recovery control method; In process of charging; The charging current of chemical cell energy-storage units 105 is limited under the rated value; To protect chemical cell 51 in the feedback process of charging, not receive the impact of big electric current to greatest extent, prolong the service life of chemical cell energy-storage units 105.The electric current that transforms out in the Conversion of energy unit is during greater than the limit value of chemical cell energy-storage units 105, and excessive electric current is absorbed by the super capacitor in the super capacitor energy-storage unit 104 41.In discharge process; Electric energy stored is come powered vehicle in the preferential use super capacitor energy-storage unit 104; When electric weight reaches lower limit in super capacitor energy-storage unit 104, stop power supply in super capacitor energy-storage unit 104, and chemical cell energy-storage units 105 transfers the energy source that powered vehicle is gone to.The discharge performance that this consideration is based on present chemical cell generally can satisfy the demand of going of vehicle; Use the electric weight in the super capacitor can make total system electric capacity when regenerative braking always have enough capacity to absorb electric energy simultaneously as far as possible; Reaching the maximization of energy recovery efficiency, and prolong service life of chemical cell.
The above is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, non-limitation protection scope of the present invention, and the equivalent structure that all utilizations specification sheets of the present invention and accompanying drawing content are done changes, and all is contained in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a braking energy recovery system for electric vehicle is characterized in that, comprising:
One energy conversion unit is used for converting the mechanical energy of glancing impact into electric energy, converts electrical energy into the mechanical energy of powered vehicle during driving;
One inversion unit is connected with said energy conversion unit, is used for changing between alternating current and the direct current (DC);
One energy-storage units is used to receive the electric energy that said energy conversion unit produces, and electric energy can be provided; And
One energy-storage units management system is connected between said inversion unit and the energy-storage units, is used to control discharging and recharging of said energy-storage units;
Wherein, said energy-storage units comprises a super capacitor energy-storage unit and a chemical cell energy-storage units, and this super capacitor energy-storage unit and chemical cell energy-storage units are connected in parallel through said energy-storage units management system.
2. braking energy recovery system for electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said energy-storage units management system comprises a copped wave unit, is used for being connected with the chemical cell energy-storage units with said super capacitor energy-storage unit the size of current of control process of charging.
3. braking energy recovery system for electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said energy conversion unit is an electric generator/electric motor composition motor.
4. braking energy recovery system for electric vehicle as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, said electric generator/electric motor composition motor is a three phase electric machine; Said inversion unit is with changing between three plase alternating current and the direct current (DC).
5. braking energy recovery system for electric vehicle as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, said copped wave unit comprises two insulated gate polar form power tubes.
6. braking energy recovery system for electric vehicle as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, said energy-storage units management system is passed through the dutycycle of the said insulated gate polar form of adjustment two-way power tube with the adjustment charging current.
7. like claim 1,2,5 or 6 described braking energy recovery system for electric vehicle, it is characterized in that the energy-storage units management system also comprises:
One charging control unit is used for being controlled at process of charging, and the charging current of said chemical cell energy-storage units is limited under the rated value, in the feedback process of charging, does not receive the impact of big electric current to protect said chemical cell energy-storage units to greatest extent; When making electric current that said energy conversion unit transforms out greater than the limit value of chemical cell energy-storage units, excessive electric current is absorbed by said super capacitor energy-storage unit;
One discharge control unit; Be used for being controlled at discharge process; Electric energy stored is come powered vehicle in the said super capacitor energy-storage of the preferential use unit; When electric weight reaches lower limit in said super capacitor energy-storage unit, stop power supply in said super capacitor energy-storage unit, and said chemical cell energy-storage units transfers the energy source that powered vehicle is gone to.
8. a braking energy of electric automobiles recycling and control method is used for the described braking energy recovery system for electric vehicle of claim 1, it is characterized in that this control method comprises:
One charging controlled step S1 is used for being controlled at process of charging, and the charging current of said chemical cell energy-storage units is limited under the rated value, in the feedback process of charging, does not receive the impact of big electric current to protect said chemical cell energy-storage units to greatest extent; When making electric current that said energy conversion unit transforms out greater than the limit value of battery energy storage unit, excessive electric current is absorbed by said super capacitor energy-storage unit;
One discharge controlled step S2; Be used for being controlled at discharge process; Electric energy stored is come powered vehicle in the said super capacitor energy-storage of the preferential use unit; When electric weight reaches lower limit in said super capacitor energy-storage unit, stop power supply in said super capacitor energy-storage unit, and said chemical cell energy-storage units transfers the energy source that powered vehicle is gone to.
9. braking energy of electric automobiles recycling and control method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, said charging controlled step S1 comprises again:
Step S11 judges that whether said vehicle braked pedal aperture is less than a preset value; If then change step S12 over to; If not, then change the mechanical braking pattern over to, do not reclaim the braking electric energy;
Step S12, whether the state-of-charge value of state-of-charge value and said super capacitor energy-storage unit of judging said chemical cell energy-storage units is all less than a preset separately higher limit; If then change step S13 over to; If not, then change the mechanical braking pattern over to, do not reclaim the braking electric energy;
Step S13 judges that B.P. is whether less than a preset battery rating horsepower; If, then changing the battery take-back model over to, said super capacitor energy-storage unit breaks off, and receives the braking electric energy by said chemical cell energy-storage units; If not, then change the mixing take-back model over to, said chemical cell energy-storage units charges with said rating horsepower, and the charge power of said super capacitor energy-storage unit is the poor of B.P. and battery rating horsepower.
10. braking energy of electric automobiles recycling and control method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, said discharge controlled step S2 comprises again:
Whether the state-of-charge value of judging said super capacitor energy-storage unit is greater than a preset lower limit; If, then change the super capacitor drive pattern over to, by said super capacitor energy-storage unit electric energy is provided; If not, then change battery-operated pattern over to, electric energy is provided by said chemical cell energy-storage units.
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| CN104512410A (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2015-04-15 | 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 | Control method for four-wheel drive hybrid electric vehicle |
| CN105162320A (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2015-12-16 | 高彰 | Power generator rectification rear-stage device |
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| CN105667319A (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2016-06-15 | 贵州大学 | Regenerative braking control system and method for pure electric vehicle |
| CN106503412A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2017-03-15 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | The appraisal procedure of ultracapacitor in electric automobile |
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| CN103241131A (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2013-08-14 | 苏州市职业大学 | Hybrid energy recycling method for blade electric vehicles |
| CN104512410A (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2015-04-15 | 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 | Control method for four-wheel drive hybrid electric vehicle |
| CN103538482B (en) * | 2013-10-07 | 2016-01-20 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of can power-assisted and reclaim the automobile start-stop system of braking energy |
| CN103538482A (en) * | 2013-10-07 | 2014-01-29 | 北京工业大学 | Automobile start-stop system capable of providing assisting power and recycling braking energy |
| CN103507655A (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2014-01-15 | 北京工业大学 | Automobile composite energy storage start-stop system capable of recycling braking energy |
| CN103507655B (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2015-10-14 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of automobile composite energy storage start stop system of recyclable braking energy |
| CN106503412B (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2019-06-25 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | The appraisal procedure of supercapacitor in electric car |
| CN106503412A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2017-03-15 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | The appraisal procedure of ultracapacitor in electric automobile |
| CN105291854A (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2016-02-03 | 北京车和家信息技术有限责任公司 | System and method for recovery and utilization of kinetic energy of electric vehicle |
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| CN105667319A (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2016-06-15 | 贵州大学 | Regenerative braking control system and method for pure electric vehicle |
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Application publication date: 20120404 |