CN106521682A - 含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维的制备方法 - Google Patents

含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106521682A
CN106521682A CN201611105387.2A CN201611105387A CN106521682A CN 106521682 A CN106521682 A CN 106521682A CN 201611105387 A CN201611105387 A CN 201611105387A CN 106521682 A CN106521682 A CN 106521682A
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王耀斌
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Shaanxi Gaoxin Industry Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及合成树脂及塑料技术领域,具体涉及一种含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维的制备方法。含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维的制备方法,包括如下步骤:(1)含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纺丝溶液的制备;(2)含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺初生纤维的制备;(3)含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺初生纤维的热处理。本发明以邻氯对苯二胺与对苯二甲酰氯为单体,合成了含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺溶液,直接进行湿法纺丝,制备含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺初生纤维并进行热处理,热处理后纤维力学性能均得到进一步改善;具有较好的热稳定性,其阻燃性能均远高于聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维。

Description

含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及合成树脂及塑料技术领域,具体涉及一种含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维的制备方法。
背景技术
聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺(聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺)纤维因其全刚性结构而具有优异的力学性能、耐热性能及耐化学性能,在军事、汽车工业、宇航及其他轻质复合材料领域得到了广泛应用。但熔点很高,无法采用传统的熔融加工或模压成型工艺得到高性能的合成纤维。另外,聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺溶解性差,仅能在100%的浓硫酸等强酸中溶解,常采用两步法制备聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维,工艺较为繁琐,生产成本高。目前,提高聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺溶解性的改性方法很多。在聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺苯环上引入氯取代基,可适当改善聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺大分子链的排列规整性,有效提高其溶解性及阻燃性。鲁超风等研究了含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺的聚合工艺及其溶液的流变特性,但尚无关于制备含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维的研究报道。
发明内容
本发明旨在提出一种含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维的制备方法。
本发明的技术方案在于:
含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纺丝溶液的制备
在装有机械搅拌装置的2000mL四脚圆底烧瓶中,通入干燥氮气,加入1000mL NMP,随后加入质量分数4%的CaCl2或LiCl,60℃下加热搅拌使其充分溶解;溶解完全后,将溶液温度降至室温;称取聚合单体邻氯对苯二胺粉末,加入溶剂中,待其完全溶解后,用冰水浴将其冷却至-10~-5℃,然后称取对苯二甲酰氯粉末,先将其一半加入邻氯对苯二胺溶液中,反应20min后再加入另一半,之后迅速将其置于60℃油浴中,同时提高搅拌速率,反应5~10min后出现爬杆现象,30min后取出,得到含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纺丝溶液;
(2)含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺初生纤维的制备
将含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纺丝溶液在60℃加热保温条件下真空脱泡48h,通人N2加压至0.3~0.5MPa,进行湿法纺丝,采用200孔,喷丝孔直径为0.08mm喷丝板;凝固浴为NMP/H20溶液,浴温30℃;纤维出凝固浴后进入80℃的热水浴中进行洗涤并收卷;再将丝筒放人清水中浸泡,将纤维内溶剂进一步洗净,然后将含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺初生纤维置于空气中自然风干;
(3)含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺初生纤维的热处理
将干燥后的含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺初生纤维在张力状态下置于自制拉伸热管在350℃下进行热处理。
所述的热处理介质为空气,处理时间为5min。
所述的凝固浴溶液中,NMP和H20的质量比60:40。
本发明的技术效果在于:
本发明以邻氯对苯二胺与对苯二甲酰氯为单体,合成了含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺溶液,直接进行湿法纺丝,制备含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺初生纤维并进行热处理,热处理后纤维力学性能均得到进一步改善;具有较好的热稳定性,其阻燃性能均远高于聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维。
具体实施方式
含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纺丝溶液的制备
在装有机械搅拌装置的2000mL四脚圆底烧瓶中,通入干燥氮气,加入1000mLNMP,随后加入质量分数4%的CaCl2或LiCl,60℃下加热搅拌使其充分溶解;溶解完全后,将溶液温度降至室温;称取聚合单体邻氯对苯二胺粉末,加入溶剂中,待其完全溶解后,用冰水浴将其冷却至-10~-5℃,然后称取对苯二甲酰氯粉末,先将其一半加入邻氯对苯二胺溶液中,反应20min后再加入另一半,之后迅速将其置于60℃油浴中,同时提高搅拌速率,反应5~10min后出现爬杆现象,30min后取出,得到含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纺丝溶液;
(2)含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺初生纤维的制备
将含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纺丝溶液在60℃加热保温条件下真空脱泡48h,通人N2加压至0.3~0.5MPa,进行湿法纺丝,采用200孔,喷丝孔直径为0.08mm喷丝板;凝固浴为NMP/H20溶液,浴温30℃;纤维出凝固浴后进入80℃的热水浴中进行洗涤并收卷;再将丝筒放人清水中浸泡,将纤维内溶剂进一步洗净,然后将含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺初生纤维置于空气中自然风干;
(3)含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺初生纤维的热处理
将干燥后的含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺初生纤维在张力状态下置于自制拉伸热管在350℃下进行热处理。
实施例2
在实施例1的基础上,所述的热处理介质为空气,处理时间为5min。所述的凝固浴溶液中,NMP和H20的质量比60:40。

Claims (3)

1.含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维的制备方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
(1)含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纺丝溶液的制备
在装有机械搅拌装置的2000mL四脚圆底烧瓶中,通入干燥氮气,加入1000mLNMP,随后加入质量分数4%的CaCl2或LiCl,60℃下加热搅拌使其充分溶解;溶解完全后,将溶液温度降至室温;称取聚合单体邻氯对苯二胺粉末,加入溶剂中,待其完全溶解后,用冰水浴将其冷却至-10~-5℃,然后称取对苯二甲酰氯粉末,先将其一半加入邻氯对苯二胺溶液中,反应20min后再加入另一半,之后迅速将其置于60℃油浴中,同时提高搅拌速率,反应5~10min后出现爬杆现象,30min后取出,得到含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纺丝溶液;
(2)含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺初生纤维的制备
将含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纺丝溶液在60℃加热保温条件下真空脱泡48h,通人N2加压至0.3~0.5MPa,进行湿法纺丝,采用200孔,喷丝孔直径为0.08mm喷丝板;凝固浴为NMP/H20溶液,浴温30℃;纤维出凝固浴后进入80℃的热水浴中进行洗涤并收卷;再将丝筒放人清水中浸泡,将纤维内溶剂进一步洗净,然后将含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺初生纤维置于空气中自然风干;
(3)含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺初生纤维的热处理
将干燥后的含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺初生纤维在张力状态下置于自制拉伸热管在350℃下进行热处理。
2.根据权利要求1所述的含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的热处理介质为空气,处理时间为5min。
3.根据权利要求1所述的含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的凝固浴溶液中,NMP和H20的质量比60:40。
CN201611105387.2A 2016-12-05 2016-12-05 含氯聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维的制备方法 Pending CN106521682A (zh)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106929938A (zh) * 2017-04-19 2017-07-07 四川大学 一种基于高温后扩链反应制备杂环芳纶纤维的方法
CN107629206A (zh) * 2017-10-17 2018-01-26 蓝星(成都)新材料有限公司 一种芳纶1414纤维的制备方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106929938A (zh) * 2017-04-19 2017-07-07 四川大学 一种基于高温后扩链反应制备杂环芳纶纤维的方法
CN107629206A (zh) * 2017-10-17 2018-01-26 蓝星(成都)新材料有限公司 一种芳纶1414纤维的制备方法

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