CN106518498B - Tobacco composite foliar fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Tobacco composite foliar fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106518498B CN106518498B CN201611035998.4A CN201611035998A CN106518498B CN 106518498 B CN106518498 B CN 106518498B CN 201611035998 A CN201611035998 A CN 201611035998A CN 106518498 B CN106518498 B CN 106518498B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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Abstract
The invention relates to a tobacco foliar fertilizer which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-50 parts of organic fertilizer leaching liquor, 10-60 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 5-25 parts of biochemical fulvic acid potassium, 0.1-2 parts of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 0.05-3 parts of surfactant, 0.1-2 parts of azadirachtin, 1-10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.1-8 parts of EDTA-Fe, 0.1-5 parts of EDTA-Zn, 0.05-2 parts of EDTA-Cu and 0.05-7 parts of boric acid; the tobacco foliar fertilizer provided by the invention has good water solubility, and the components are synergistic with each other, so that the tobacco foliar fertilizer is beneficial to absorption and utilization of leaves; can effectively regulate the metabolism of substances in tobacco plants, promote the growth and development of the tobacco plants, improve the quality of tobacco leaves, increase aromatic substances, enhance the disease resistance and reduce the using amount of pesticides, and is a green, environment-friendly, safe and multi-effect organic foliar fertilizer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of foliar fertilizers, in particular to a tobacco composite multi-effect foliar fertilizer for improving the contents of total sugar, reducing sugar and potassium in tobacco leaves, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The tobacco leaves are commodities for people to eat, and the quality, the usability and the economic value of the tobacco leaves are closely related to the health and the living demand of people. The high-quality tobacco leaves are required to have sufficient aroma, pure aroma quality, mellow taste, comfortable aftertaste and good safety, but the problems of insufficient aroma, bad taste, insufficient oil content and the like of the tobacco leaves are frequently encountered in the current tobacco leaf production, and the organic fertilizer (especially cake fertilizer) can improve the quality of the tobacco leaves, increase the aroma of the tobacco leaves, improve the taste, and is beneficial to the accumulation of sugar and aroma, thereby endowing the tobacco leaves with excellent quality.
The foliar fertilizer is a general term for fertilizers which provide nutrient substances for crops through crop leaves. Foliar fertilizer is a type of fertilizer that exerts its essential functions through absorption by the leaves by applying nutrient elements to the surface of the leaves of crops. The characteristics of applying the foliar fertilizer are very outstanding: the method has the advantages of strong pertinence, quick nutrient absorption and operation, small using amount, obvious yield increase effect, capability of making up the deficiency of nutrient absorption of roots, capability of avoiding fixation of soil to certain nutrients and the like. The method of applying foliage fertilizer to foliage is the best method of replenishing various nutritive elements. The cake fertilizer is extracted with the liquid organic fertilizer, and the fertilizer can be absorbed and operated through leaf surfaces, so that the effect is fast, and the slow effect of the organic fertilizer in soil and the greedy and late-maturing condition of tobacco leaves are avoided.
At present, the development of a foliar fertilizer which can comprehensively improve the smoking quality, plant characters and yield characters of the flue-cured tobacco leaves is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a leaf fertilizer for tobacco, aiming at improving the smoking quality and the yield of tobacco leaves after application, and particularly improving the contents of total sugar, reducing sugar and potassium in the tobacco leaves.
In addition, the invention also provides a preparation method of the tobacco compound foliar fertilizer and application of the tobacco compound foliar fertilizer to tobacco leaf surfaces.
The invention provides a tobacco compound foliar fertilizer which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-50 parts of organic fertilizer leaching liquor, 10-60 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 5-25 parts of biochemical fulvic acid potassium, 0.1-2 parts of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 0.05-3 parts of surfactant, 0.1-2 parts of azadirachtin, 1-10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.1-8 parts of EDTA-Fe, 0.1-5 parts of EDTA-Zn, 0.05-2 parts of EDTA-Cu0.05-7 parts of boric acid;
the organic fertilizer leaching liquor is an aqueous solution of a microbial agent fermentation product of a mixture of rapeseed meal, soybean meal and sesame meal; the weight ratio of the rapeseed meal to the soybean meal to the sesame meal is 1-5: 1-5.
According to the invention, the components and the proportion of the tobacco compound foliar fertilizer are mutually synergistic, the water solubility is good, the absorption and the utilization of tobacco leaves are easy, the metabolism of substances in the tobacco bodies can be effectively and synergistically regulated, the growth and the development of tobacco plants are promoted, the quality of the tobacco leaves is improved, aromatic substances are increased, the disease resistance of the tobacco is induced to be enhanced, and the using amount of pesticides is reduced; is a green, environment-friendly, safe and multi-effect organic foliar fertilizer.
According to the invention, the antagonism defect of the polyvalent metal ions in the components using elements at the same time can be overcome under the components and the proportion, and the polyvalent metal ions are further converted into chelated nutrients which are easy to absorb by tobacco leaves. After the medium-trace element fertilizer is sprayed on the leaf surfaces and absorbed and utilized by crops, the physiological and biochemical functions can be activated, the activity of the crops can be enhanced, the stress resistance can be improved, the disease resistance of the crops can be enhanced, and the medium-trace element fertilizer has good effects of increasing the yield of the crops and improving the quality.
The preparation method of the organic fertilizer leaching liquor comprises the following steps: mixing the bean pulp, the rapeseed meal and the sesame meal, and adjusting the water content to be 40-60%; then spraying a microbial agent, keeping the temperature at 55-70 ℃ for 7-20 days, turning and decomposing to obtain an organic fertilizer; and then carrying out microwave extraction according to the weight ratio of the organic fertilizer to the water of 1: 10-25, and leaching to obtain an organic fertilizer leaching solution.
The organic fertilizer leaching liquor takes the soybean meal, the rapeseed meal and the sesame meal which are proportioned by weight as raw materials, adopts a stacking fermentation mode and a microwave leaching amino acid, and is beneficial to preparing the compound foliar fertilizer with good chelation effect, rich and stable amino acid content and high nutritional value under the fermentation condition; the synergistic combination with other components in the invention is helpful for further improving the quality of the tobacco leaves after application.
In the invention, the compatible soybean meal, rapeseed meal and sesame meal contain various reasonable mineral nutrients and organic nutrients such as crude protein, crude fat, organic acid, various amino acids, small peptide and the like. The fermentation method can produce active substances like nucleotide, indoleic acid, gibberellic acid, fulvic acid and the like, is beneficial to improving the biological activity, stimulating the growth and development of crops, improving the enzyme activity and enhancing the effects of disease resistance and stress resistance, and has special effect and significance for improving the quality of tobacco leaves.
Preferably, the microbial agent is a mixed meal zymocyte; it comprises at least one of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus natto, lactobacillus, Lactobacillus plantarum, enterococcus faecalis, Aspergillus oryzae, protease, cellulase and yeast.
The microbial agent can be prepared from commercially available microbial agents, such as mixed fermentation bacteria provided by Cangzhou Wang Producer technology research institute, including Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus natto, lactobacillus, Lactobacillus plantarum, enterococcus faecalis, Aspergillus oryzae, protease, cellulase, yeast, etc.
Preferably, the microbial agent is added in a weight percentage of 0.01-1% based on the total weight of the soybean meal, the rapeseed meal and the sesame meal.
The organic fertilizer leaching liquor can be prepared by various methods, and preferably, the organic fertilizer leaching liquor is prepared by the following preparation method:
(1) weighing all the raw materials according to a formula, adjusting the water content to be 40-60%, adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 20-35: 1, spraying 0.01-1% of microbial inoculum (based on the total weight of the raw materials), turning and uniformly mixing;
(2) measuring the compost temperature by a thermometer every day, turning and mixing uniformly, measuring the water content in the compost, and ensuring that the water content of the compost is 45-60% in a high-temperature period until the compost is thoroughly decomposed.
(3) Taking the decomposed organic fertilizer, performing microwave extraction according to the fertilizer-water ratio of 1: 10-25, and leaching for 60-90 hours to obtain an organic fertilizer leaching liquor.
Preferably, the tobacco compound foliar fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-50 parts of organic fertilizer leaching liquor, 20-32.5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 10-16.5 parts of biochemical fulvic acid potassium, 0.5-0.8 part of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 1-2 parts of surfactant, 0.4-0.8 part of azadirachtin, 6.5-8 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1-2 parts of EDTA-Fe, 0.5-1 part of EDTA-Zn, 0.2-0.5 part of EDTA-Cu0.5 part of and 0.08-0.9 part of boric acid.
Under the preferable proportion of the tobacco compound foliar fertilizer, further preferably, the organic fertilizer leaching liquor is an aqueous solution of fermentation products of rapeseed meal, soybean meal and sesame meal in a weight ratio of 4-5: 1-2: 3-5; wherein, in the fermentation process, the water content is adjusted to 55-60%, the adding weight of the microbial agent is 0.4-0.5% based on the weight of the rapeseed meal, the soybean meal and the sesame meal, the pile is kept for 10-15 days at the temperature of 60-70 ℃, and the organic fertilizer is obtained by turning and decomposing the pile; and then carrying out microwave extraction according to the weight ratio of the organic fertilizer to the water of 1: 8-10, and leaching to obtain an organic fertilizer leaching solution.
A more preferable tobacco compound foliar fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of organic fertilizer leaching liquor, 32.5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 16.5 parts of biochemical fulvic acid potassium, 0.5 part of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 1 part of surfactant, 0.4 part of azadirachtin, 6.5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1 part of EDTA-Fe, 0.5 part of EDTA-Zn, 0.2 part of EDTA-Cu and 0.9 part of boric acid.
Most preferably, in the preparation process of the organic fertilizer leaching liquor, the weight part ratio of the rapeseed meal, the soybean meal and the sesame meal is 5: 2: 3. The adding weight percentage of the microbial inoculum is 0.5 percent by taking the total weight of the soybean meal, the rapeseed meal and the sesame meal as a reference.
The surfactant of the tobacco compound foliar fertilizer is tween 80 or alkyl polyglycoside.
The preferable nonionic surfactant can promote the spraying liquid to permeate into the leaves and can also increase the hygroscopicity, heat preservation and adhesive capacity of the spraying liquid on the leaves when being matched with the components and the proportion of the tobacco leaf compound foliar fertilizer, so that the absorption time of the leaves on nutrients is prolonged, and the absorption of the leaves on the nutrients is increased.
The preparation method of the tobacco compound foliar fertilizer is obtained by mixing the prepared organic fertilizer leaching liquor and other components according to the weight percentage.
The invention also provides the application of the tobacco compound foliar fertilizer in tobacco planting, and the foliar fertilizer is sprayed on the front and back surfaces of the tobacco plants on the long-term growing period, the top-cutting day and 10 days after top-cutting.
According to the invention, the tobacco leaf compound foliar fertilizer has the advantages of good water solubility, high activity, strong adhesive force, good complexing ability, surface activity and hygroscopicity and is easy to be absorbed by the leaf surfaces of the tobacco leaves; the compound leaf fertilizer for the tobacco leaves is beneficial to the permeation of carbon dioxide and the photosynthesis, and has better promotion effects on the aspects of increasing the yield of the tobacco leaves, sterilizing, killing insects, improving the smoking quality of the tobacco leaves, improving the yield and the quality of the flue-cured tobacco leaves and the like.
In addition, the tobacco leaf compound foliar fertilizer can effectively improve the contents of chlorophyll, protein and nucleic acid in plants and the photosynthetic rate, improve the activities of peroxidase and nitrate reductase, promote the carbon and nitrogen metabolism of the plants, enhance the absorption of the plants to water and fertilizer and the accumulation of dry matters, adjust the water balance in the plants, and enhance the disease resistance, drought resistance and cold resistance of crops, thereby achieving the effects of increasing the yield and improving the quality.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides the tobacco composite foliar fertilizer which has good effect, low cost and comprehensive effect, regulates the metabolism of substances in tobacco bodies, improves the photosynthesis efficiency and the root activity of tobacco and enables plants to grow robustly; the quality of the tobacco leaves is improved, and the fragrance is mellow and strong; inducing tobacco to enhance disease resistance. The fertilizer provided by the invention contains various nutrient elements required by the growth of crops, and can make up the nutrients required by the growth process of tobacco in time. The chelated trace elements are easy to be absorbed and utilized by crops, and are beneficial to the growth and development of the crops. The fertilizer provided by the invention is particularly suitable for multiple use methods such as drip irrigation, foliage spraying and the like, and is beneficial to absorption and utilization of tobacco. The method is environment-friendly, safe and harmless, simple to operate, short in process steps, convenient to apply and suitable for industrial production.
Experiments prove that the area of the inverted two leaves, the inverted five leaves and the inverted eight leaves of the tobacco leaf composite foliar fertilizer and chlorophyll are increased; the compound foliar fertilizer can promote the growth and development of tobacco plants, increase the chlorophyll content of the tobacco plants and improve the photosynthetic efficiency of the tobacco plants.
In addition, the tobacco leaf compound foliar fertilizer is beneficial to improving the contents of total sugar, reducing sugar and potassium in the tobacco leaves and reducing the contents of nicotine and total nitrogen in the tobacco leaves; has the advantages of improving the quality of tobacco leaves, enhancing the disease resistance of tobacco plants and achieving the effects of reducing alkali and improving potassium.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a preparation process of the tobacco compound foliar fertilizer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
The weight parts in the invention can be the weight units known in the art such as mu g, mg, g, kg, and the like, and can also be multiples thereof, such as 1/10, 1/100, 10, 100, and the like.
The main component properties and the purchasers of the raw materials in each example are as follows:
biochemical potassium fulvate (provided by Shandong Jingyuan Biotech limited);
the microbial agent (miscellaneous fermentation bacteria provided by Cangzhou Wangcheng Producer technical research institute, Inc.).
The following examples are carried out with reference to the scheme described in FIG. 1.
Example 1
A tobacco compound foliar fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 40g of organic fertilizer leaching liquor, 32.5g of monopotassium phosphate, 16.5g of biochemical fulvic acid potassium, 0.5g of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 801 g of tween-801, 0.4g of azadirachtin, 6.5g of magnesium sulfate, 1g of EDTA-Fe, 0.5g of EDTA-Zn, 0.2g of EDTA-Cu and 0.9g of boric acid;
the organic fertilizer leaching liquor is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50kg of rapeseed meal, 20kg of soybean meal and 30kg of sesame meal, 0.5kg of microbial agent is added, the water content is adjusted to be 55%, and the materials are turned and mixed evenly. And (3) measuring the compost temperature by using a thermometer every day, keeping the temperature of 65-70 ℃ for 10 days, turning and uniformly mixing, measuring the water content in the compost, and ensuring that the water content of the compost is 50% in a high-temperature period until the compost is completely decomposed. Taking the decomposed organic fertilizer, carrying out microwave extraction according to the fertilizer-water ratio of 1: 8, and leaching for 80h to obtain an organic fertilizer leaching liquor.
Diluting the foliar fertilizer by 50 times, spraying the front and back surfaces of the leaf surface on the long-term vigorous tobacco plants, the same day of topping and 10 days after topping, and spraying on the condition that the fog spots of the front and back surfaces of the leaf surface do not fall down.
Example 2
A tobacco compound foliar fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 25g of organic fertilizer leaching liquor, 20g of monopotassium phosphate, 10g of biochemical fulvic acid potassium, 0.8g of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 2g of alkyl polyglycoside (APG1214), 0.8g of azadirachtin, 8g of magnesium sulfate, 2g of EDTA-Fe, 1g of EDTA-Zn, 0.5g of EDTA-Cu and 0.08g of boric acid;
the organic fertilizer leaching liquor is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40kg of rapeseed meal, 10kg of soybean meal and 50kg of sesame meal, 0.4kg of microbial agent is added, the water content is adjusted to be 60%, and the materials are turned and mixed evenly. Measuring the compost temperature by a thermometer every day, keeping the temperature of 60-65 ℃ for 15 days, turning and uniformly mixing, measuring the water content in the compost, and ensuring that the water content of the compost is 50% in a high-temperature period until the compost is completely decomposed. Taking the decomposed organic fertilizer, carrying out microwave extraction according to the fertilizer-water ratio of 1: 10, and leaching for 72 hours to obtain an organic fertilizer leaching liquor.
Diluting the foliar fertilizer by 50 times, spraying the front and back surfaces of the leaf surface on the long-term vigorous tobacco plants, the same day of topping and 10 days after topping, and spraying on the condition that the fog spots of the front and back surfaces of the leaf surface do not fall down.
Example 3
A tobacco compound foliar fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 50g of organic fertilizer leaching liquor, 20g of monopotassium phosphate, 12g of biochemical fulvic acid potassium, 0.5g of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 0.8g of alkyl polyglycoside (APG1214), 0.6g of azadirachtin, 5g of magnesium sulfate, 0.5g of EDTA-Fe, 0.3g of EDTA-Zn, 0.08g of EDTA-Cu and 4g of boric acid;
the organic fertilizer leaching liquor is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50kg of rapeseed meal, 15kg of soybean meal and 35kg of sesame meal, 0.7kg of microbial agent is added, the water content is adjusted to be 58%, and the materials are turned and mixed evenly. Measuring the compost temperature by a thermometer every day, keeping the temperature at 66-70 ℃ for 10 days, turning, uniformly mixing, measuring the water content in the compost, and ensuring that the water content of the compost is 50% in a high-temperature period until the compost is completely decomposed. Taking the decomposed organic fertilizer, carrying out microwave extraction according to the fertilizer-water ratio of 1: 9, and leaching for 78 hours to obtain an organic fertilizer leaching liquor.
Diluting the foliar fertilizer by 50 times, spraying the front and back surfaces of the leaf surface on the long-term vigorous tobacco plants, the same day of topping and 10 days after topping, and spraying on the condition that the fog spots of the front and back surfaces of the leaf surface do not fall down.
Example 4
A tobacco compound foliar fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 30g of organic fertilizer leaching liquor, 30g of monopotassium phosphate, 15g of biochemical fulvic acid potassium, 0.5g of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 800.8 g of tween-0, 0.6g of azadirachtin, 4g of magnesium sulfate, 0.5g of EDTA-Fe0, 0.5g of EDTA-Zn, 0.1g of EDTA-Cu and 2g of boric acid;
the organic fertilizer leaching liquor is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30kg of rapeseed meal, 20kg of soybean meal and 50kg of sesame meal, 0.6kg of microbial agent is added, the water content is adjusted to be 60%, and the materials are turned and mixed evenly. Measuring the compost temperature by a thermometer every day, keeping the temperature at 66-70 ℃ for 10 days, turning, uniformly mixing, measuring the water content in the compost, and ensuring that the water content of the compost is 50% in a high-temperature period until the compost is completely decomposed. Taking the decomposed organic fertilizer, carrying out microwave extraction according to the fertilizer-water ratio of 1: 8, and leaching for 80h to obtain an organic fertilizer leaching liquor.
Diluting the foliar fertilizer by 50 times, spraying the front and back surfaces of the leaf surface on the long-term vigorous tobacco plants, the same day of topping and 10 days after topping, and spraying on the condition that the fog spots of the front and back surfaces of the leaf surface do not fall down.
Examples of the experiments
Test site: chenzhou city, Hunan province.
And (3) experimental design: the test adopts random block design, totally sets 5 treatments, and has a cell area of 48m2The row spacing of the plants is 1.2m x 0.5m, and 80 tobacco plants are planted in each cell. The tested flue-cured tobacco variety is Yunyan 87, and other cultivation management measures are strictly executed according to the technical measures of high-quality flue-cured tobacco cultivation.
Test subjects: the tobacco compound foliar fertilizer prepared in example 1.
The test method comprises the following steps:
examples 1, 2: leaf fertilizers are prepared according to the examples 1 and 2 and are sprayed on the leaf surfaces in time on the day of topping and 10 days after topping when tobacco plants grow vigorously. The spraying time was after 5 pm. Diluting according to 50 times of liquid, spraying the tobacco plant leaf surfaces on the front and back sides, and taking the fog spots of the front and back side leaves as the standard. And the replenisher should be carried out 8 hours after spraying.
Control 1(ck 1): clean water is equal to that of the experimental group 1-2; the application method is the same as that of experiment groups 1-2;
control 2(ck 2): preparing a foliar fertilizer according to the example 1, but not adding an organic fertilizer leaching liquor, and keeping other dosages and application methods consistent;
and (3) determining the agronomic characters, the chlorophyll content, the chemical components of the flue-cured tobacco leaves and the economic characters of the flue-cured tobacco leaves of each group, wherein the test results are shown in the following tables 1-4.
Results of the experiment
As can be seen from the test results in Table 1, the area of the leaves of examples 1 and 2, i.e., the leaves of the plants of the other plants, i.e., the leaves of the plants of the other plants, and the chlorophyll were increased as compared with those of the control groups 1 and 2; the invention can promote the growth of tobacco plants, increase the chlorophyll content of the tobacco plants and improve the photosynthetic efficiency of the tobacco plants.
TABLE 1 influence of different flue-cured tobacco agronomic traits and chlorophyll values
As can be seen from table 2, the contents of total sugar, reducing sugar and potassium in the tobacco leaves in examples 1 and 2 are all higher than those in the control group, and the contents of nicotine and total nitrogen are reduced compared with those in the control group; the application of the foliar fertilizer can improve the contents of total sugar, reducing sugar and potassium in the tobacco leaves, reduce the contents of total nitrogen and nicotine in the baked tobacco leaves and achieve the effects of reducing alkali and improving potassium.
TABLE 2 influence of chemical composition and yield of flue-cured tobacco leaves
As can be seen from table 3, the yields in examples 1 and 2 are increased compared with the control group, and the first-class tobacco ratio in examples 1 and 2 is improved compared with the control group 1 and 2, which indicates that the yield and quality of tobacco leaves can be improved by applying the foliar fertilizer of the present invention.
TABLE 3 influence of the yield and quality of the tobacco leaves after different treatments
As can be seen from Table 4, the incidence, disease index and resistance yield of bacterial wilt of the examples 1 and 2 and the control groups 1 and 2 are better than those of the control group 1, and the black shank resistance of the examples 1 and 2 is better than that of the control groups 1 and 2, which indicates that the disease resistance of tobacco leaves can be improved by applying the foliar fertilizer of the present invention.
TABLE 4 different treatment of pest effects
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (7)
1. The tobacco composite foliar fertilizer is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-50 parts of organic fertilizer leaching liquor, 10-60 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 5-25 parts of biochemical fulvic acid potassium, 0.1-2 parts of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 0.05-3 parts of surfactant, 0.1-2 parts of azadirachtin, 1-10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.1-8 parts of EDTA-Fe, 0.1-5 parts of EDTA-Zn, 0.05-2 parts of EDTA-Cu and 0.05-7 parts of boric acid;
the preparation method of the organic fertilizer leaching liquor comprises the following steps: mixing the bean pulp, the rapeseed meal and the sesame meal, and adjusting the water content to be 40-60%; then spraying a microbial agent, keeping the temperature at 55-70 ℃ for 7-20 days, turning and decomposing to obtain an organic fertilizer; then carrying out microwave extraction according to the weight ratio of the organic fertilizer to the water of 1: 10-25, and leaching to obtain an organic fertilizer leaching solution;
the weight ratio of the rapeseed meal to the soybean meal to the sesame meal is 1-5: 1-5: 1-5;
the microbial agent is added in a weight percentage of 0.01-1% based on the total weight of the soybean meal, the rapeseed meal and the sesame meal;
the microbial agent is a mixed meal zymocyte; it comprises at least one of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus natto, lactobacillus, Lactobacillus plantarum, enterococcus faecalis, Aspergillus oryzae, protease, cellulase and yeast.
2. The tobacco composite foliar fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-50 parts of organic fertilizer leaching liquor, 20-32.5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 10-16.5 parts of biochemical fulvic acid potassium, 0.5-0.8 part of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 1-2 parts of surfactant, 0.4-0.8 part of azadirachtin, 6.5-8 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1-2 parts of EDTA-Fe, 0.5-1 part of EDTA-Zn0.5 part of EDTA-Cu and 0.08-0.9 part of boric acid.
3. The tobacco compound foliar fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the organic fertilizer leaching liquor is an aqueous solution of a fermentation product of rapeseed meal, soybean meal and sesame meal in a weight ratio of 4-5: 1-2: 3-5; wherein, in the fermentation process, the water content is adjusted to 55-60%, the adding weight of the microbial agent is 0.4-0.5% based on the weight of the rapeseed meal, the soybean meal and the sesame meal, the pile is kept for 10-15 days at the temperature of 60-70 ℃, and the organic fertilizer is obtained by turning and decomposing the pile; and then carrying out microwave extraction according to the weight ratio of the organic fertilizer to the water of 1: 8-10, and leaching to obtain an organic fertilizer leaching solution.
4. The tobacco composite foliar fertilizer as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of organic fertilizer leaching liquor, 32.5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 16.5 parts of biochemical fulvic acid potassium, 0.5 part of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 1 part of surfactant, 0.4 part of azadirachtin, 6.5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1 part of EDTA-Fe, 0.5 part of EDTA-Zn, 0.2 part of EDTA-Cu and 0.9 part of boric acid.
5. The tobacco composite foliar fertilizer as claimed in claim 4, wherein the organic fertilizer leaching liquor is an aqueous solution of a fermentation product of rapeseed meal, soybean meal and sesame meal in a weight ratio of 5: 2: 3.
6. The tobacco composite foliar fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the surfactant is tween 80 or alkyl polyglycoside.
7. The application of the tobacco compound foliar fertilizer in tobacco planting as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the foliar fertilizer is sprayed on the front and back sides of the leaf surface on the days of vigorous growth, topping and 10 days after topping of tobacco plants.
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| CN201611035998.4A CN106518498B (en) | 2016-11-18 | 2016-11-18 | Tobacco composite foliar fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN201611035998.4A CN106518498B (en) | 2016-11-18 | 2016-11-18 | Tobacco composite foliar fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN106518498A CN106518498A (en) | 2017-03-22 |
| CN106518498B true CN106518498B (en) | 2020-01-14 |
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| CN107011043A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-08-04 | 四川省烟草公司泸州市公司 | A kind of tobacco disease resistance foliar fertilizer |
| CN106957201A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-07-18 | 安徽新荣久农业科技有限公司 | Tea oil tree special-purpose foliage fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN109422577A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2019-03-05 | 河南农业大学 | A kind of compound selenium fertilizer for tobacco foliage-spray and the application in selenium-rich leaf tobacco production |
| CN107935743A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-04-20 | 平昌万通达生物科技发展有限公司 | A kind of foliar fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108191530A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-06-22 | 金华市铁骑士生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of foliage fertilizer special for tobacco |
| CN108373395A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-08-07 | 安徽金敦福农业科技有限公司 | It is a kind of rich in available nitrogen, slow nitrogen in one foliar fertilizer preparation method |
| CN109090118A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-12-28 | 广西大学 | A kind of tobacco strong sprout inducer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108902159A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-11-30 | 广西大学 | A kind of tobacco strengthening root is good for seedling agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN109650971B (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2022-10-21 | 贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司 | Foliar fertilizer for promoting tobacco oil secretion and preparation method thereof |
| CN111393230A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-07-10 | 江苏艾津农业科技服务有限公司 | Composite foliar fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN111837700A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-10-30 | 河南农业大学 | Tobacco leaf quality-improving flavor enhancer with modified biomass charcoal loaded with activated protein and application thereof |
| CN115215698A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2022-10-21 | 蓝星(北京)化工机械有限公司 | Wood vinegar composite tobacco leaf fertilizer |
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| CN104151102A (en) * | 2014-07-26 | 2014-11-19 | 青岛扎西生物科技有限公司 | Special fertilizer for tobacco |
| CN105601439A (en) * | 2016-02-22 | 2016-05-25 | 湖南泰谷生物科技股份有限公司 | Hole applied fertilizer special for tobacco and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102050674B (en) * | 2010-11-26 | 2013-11-06 | 合肥工业大学 | Liquid type composite foliar fertilizer specially for tobacco |
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| CN103483085A (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2014-01-01 | 山东佐田氏生物科技有限公司 | Production method for fulvic acid potassium and EDTA chelating state microelement complex fertilizer |
| CN104151102A (en) * | 2014-07-26 | 2014-11-19 | 青岛扎西生物科技有限公司 | Special fertilizer for tobacco |
| CN105601439A (en) * | 2016-02-22 | 2016-05-25 | 湖南泰谷生物科技股份有限公司 | Hole applied fertilizer special for tobacco and preparation method thereof |
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