CN106463995A - 电器的电源，特别是用于电动车辆电池充电的电池充电器 - Google Patents

电器的电源，特别是用于电动车辆电池充电的电池充电器 Download PDF

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CN106463995A
CN106463995A CN201580025546.5A CN201580025546A CN106463995A CN 106463995 A CN106463995 A CN 106463995A CN 201580025546 A CN201580025546 A CN 201580025546A CN 106463995 A CN106463995 A CN 106463995A
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切萨雷·拉萨吉尼
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    • H02J7/027—
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/001—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection limiting speed of change of electric quantities, e.g. soft switching on or off
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
    • H02H9/041—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage using a short-circuiting device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J5/00—Circuit arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks and dc networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H02M1/4225—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a non-isolated boost converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种电器的电源(A)，特别是用于电动车辆等的电池充电的电池充电器，包括功率因数校正电路(PFC)以及过电压保护装置，该保护装置包括：开关(SW1)，其与所述功率校正因数电路(PFC)的至少一个滤波电容(C)串联；控制电路(VD1)，用于控制所述电源(A)的输入电压，其可操作地与所述开关(SW1)连接。

Description

电器的电源，特别是用于电动车辆电池充电的电池充电器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电器的电源，特别是用于电动车辆电池充电的电池充电器。
背景技术
电池充电器的使用已普遍为人所知，该电池充电器通常集成在电动车辆内，其输入端连接交流电源线且输出端连接所述电动车辆的电池。
作为示例，一种可能的现有类型的电池充电器的电源级A如图1所示，其包括可以连接外部电源线的输入滤波器F、点燃电流限制器ICL(或“浪涌电流限制器”)、整流桥R以及功率因数校正电路PFC。
特别地，为了遵从电气干扰的规则，所述功率因数校正电路PFC的目的在于确保从输电干线上提取到尽可能正弦的电流。
为了始终遵从电气干扰的适用规则，通常在所述PFC的上游设置滤波器EMC。所述PFC输出端电压始终高于输电干线电压，且相对于输电干线电压稳定，所述PFC常用于进一步的转换阶段。
进一步众所周知的是，在由中性三相电压供电的系统中最为危险的情况之一是，在三个电压被用作单相电压的情况下中性连接丧失。
事实上在此情况下，如果负载吸收不平衡，则由不同于零的电位形成虚拟的星型中心。
因此，星型电压也可能会呈现出非常高的电压值从而对用户设备的完整性带来危险。
特别地，在与三相电源相连的单相电子系统中，中性点的丧失可导致在电源输入单元中的元件承受超过板电压值的电压。避免设备损坏的最简单的方法为在过电压的情况下监控输入电压并中断线路。
这样一种监控及中断线路的操作通常由设置于所述滤波器F上游的过电压保护电路OP实施。
更为具体地，广泛采用两种已知的解决方案。
第一种已知的方案示意性的如图2所示，其设想为通过由电压检测器VD控制的并联的开关SW以及串联布置的过电流断路器BRK实现(过电压)保护电路OP。
从而通过所述电压检测器VD检测过电压，所述开关SW被操作并闭合，继而通过所述断路器BRK中断所述线路。
然而，这一方案仍存在缺陷。
事实上，首先，反应速度必须很高或是在任何情况下均与所述元件承受过电压的“耐受”程度相一致。这不可避免地需要使用一个电子开关类型的开关。
此外，该方案必然需要人工干预以复位线路及过电流保护，且其对于终端用户并不是始终能实现也并不总是“可接受”，特别是对于由熔断器而不是可复位的热磁开关所组成的保护。
第二种已知的方案示意性的如图3所示，设想为通过由电压检测器VD控制的串联的开关SW实现保护电路OP。
从而通过所述电压检测器VD检测过电压，所述开关SW被操作而断开，继而所述线路中断。
然而，这一方案同样仍存在缺陷。
事实上，在此情况下，同样需要高反应速度，因此需要使用一个电子开关类型的开关。
此外，关于该第二方案，开关元件SW具有很高的功耗，出于响应速度的原因，其并非一个简单的继电器而通常由半导体电子开关组成。
发明内容
本发明的主旨在于提供一种电器的电源，特别是用于电动车辆电池充电的电池充电器，其能够以有效的方式及低廉的成本确保有效的过电压保护。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种电器的电源，特别是用于电动车辆电池充电的电池充电器，其可以在使用起来简单、合理、容易、高效的范围内克服现有技术中的上述缺陷。
以上所述的目的可以由根据权利要求1所描述的特征的本发明的电器的电源，特别是用于电动车辆电池充电的电池充电器实现。
附图说明
本发明的其他技术特征及优点可以通过两个优选的，而并非限定的电器的电源，特别是用于电动车辆电池充电的电池充电器的实施例清楚地加以描述，与所举例的实施例描述相对应的附图也仅仅是对实施例的指示性说明，而非对本发明所做的限制，其中：
图1为现有类型的电池充电器的可能电源的示意图；
图2和图3为现有类型的电池充电器的电源中实现过电压保护电路的示意图；
图4为根据本发明的电源的可能的第一实施例的示意图；
图5为根据本发明的电源的可能的第二实施例的示意图。
具体实施方式
具体参考这些附图，附图标记A总体上指代一种电器的电源，特别是用于电动车辆电池充电的电池充电器。
然而，并不排除对用于不同种类的电子装置及设备的电源A的使用。
特别地，参考如图4所示的第一实施例，所述电源A包括与外部电源线相连接的输入滤波器F、连接在所述输入滤波器F下游的点燃电流限制器ICL、连接所述输入滤波器F以及所述点燃电流限制器ICL的整流桥R以及连接在所述整流桥R下游的功率因数校正电路PFC。
更为具体地，所述功率因数校正电路PFC包括输入电感L、至少一个整流二极管D以及连接在所述整流二极管D下游的至少一个滤波电容C。
有利地，所述电源A包括过电压保护装置，其具有：
开关SW1，其类型为电子开关，与所述功率因数校正电路PFC的滤波电容C串联连接在所述整流二极管D的下游；
输入电压的控制电路CNT1，其可操作地与电子开关SW1连接，且在输入端检测到过电压的情况下能够操作并因此断开所述电子开关SW1。
从而，电子开关SW1和控制电路CNT1被实现在功率因数校正电路PFC内部。
因而，在实践中，所述电子开关SW1的特定的定位可以在过电压的情况下快速保护所述电容C。
事实上，一般来说，在过电压的情况下位于所述PFC的所述整流二极管下游的电解滤波电容第一个发生击穿。
目前，用于单相系统的工作电压事实上被限制在400-450V的直流电。更高的工作电压能够抵挡由于中性点缺乏而导致的过电压，但也使得所述电容尺寸及成本难以接受，并因而影响所述电源A自身。
因而，通过合适的控制电路CNT1能够监控所述输入电压并能够非常迅速地确定任何过电压。
进一步地，所述电子型开关的使用允许具有足以防止所述电容C故障的最小响应时间。事实上，其并不可能是一个继电器电路，因为在此情况下，机电设备的响应时间将会很高并且允许输出电解电容C顶部的电压上升超过可接受的范围内。
特别地，所述电子开关SW1优选地由MOSFET或其类似类型的场效应晶体管组成。
始终参考如图4所示的所述电源A的第一实施例，过电压保护装置还包括附加开关SW2，其类型为机电开关，其串联设置在所述输入滤波器F的上游且与合适的过电压检测器VD相连接。
因而，所述机电开关SW2能够被操作以保护所述电源A的所有元件部分。
因此，在检测出过电压的情况下，所述电源A的操作可以设想为由所述控制电路CNT1和所述过电压检测器VD触发所述电子开关SW1和所述机电开关SW2。
特别地，所述电子开关SW1迅速的响应时间允许快速地保护所述电源A中非常敏感的元件，更为具体地该元件为电解电容C。
同时，所述电子开关SW1仅与所述电解电容C串联且仅用于消除所述电容自身的脉动电流。
因而，所述电子开关SW1消除一个非常有限的电流并且确保了整体电路的高效能。
同样地，尽管具有较慢的响应时间，所述机电开关SW2确保了对所述电源A的位于所述功率因数校正电路PFC上游的其他元件的保护。
事实上，所述输入滤波器F需要由能够耐受过电压的元件组成，因为根据标准，这样的元件必定相对于所施加的电压而尺寸过大。
实践中，使用额定电压高达300V交流电的元件(其通常应用于特定标准的应用中)，这些元件也能够在短期内承受更高的电压，在最坏的情况下，该电压能够达到500V交流电左右(在相到相三相电压的+20％的最大容差处)。
同样地，所述输入整流桥R通常同样能够耐受高达600V的交流电，而所述PFC电路的半导体可以使用具有足够电压范围的元件制成，这样并不影响尺寸且增加成本为零或是在某些情况下增加很小。例如，目前所使用的半导体普遍为击穿电压更高或等于650V。
参考所述电源A的第二可能的实施例，如图5所示，另外参考所述第一实施例中的机电开关SW2，过电压保护装置采用相同的点燃电流限制器ICL，其连接在所述功率因数校正电路PFC的上游。
特别地，这样一种点燃电流限制器ICL包括机电开关SW2，其可操作地连接过电压检测器VD并且与至少一个正温度系数电阻器PTC并联。
所述功率因数校正电路PFC包括与各自的控制电路CNT2相连接的控制开关SW3。
实践中，一旦当检测到过电压，SW1立即被激活用于电解质的保护，SW2断开以防止大量电流通过所述PTC，且所述PFC电路的所述控制开关SW3变为短路。这样可以提高电阻器PTC温度以隔离电路，或在某些情况下最大限度地减少通过电路的电流。
有用地，如图5所示，所述点燃电路限制器ICL可以连接在所述输入滤波器F的上游。
然而，其中也并不排除其他可替代的实施例，例如，所述点燃电流限制器ICL连接在所述功率因数校正电路PFC的上游，且在所述输入滤波器F的下游。
本发明是如何实现所要达到的技术目的的已在实践中被证实。
特别需要强调的事实是根据本发明的所述电源，特别是用于电动车辆电池充电的电池充电器确保了以有效的方式及低廉的成本对过电压进行有效的保护。

Claims (9)

1.一种电器的电源(A)，特别是用于电动车辆等的电池充电的电池充电器，包括至少一个功率因数校正电路(PFC)，其特征在于，还包括过电压保护装置，其具有：
至少一个开关(SW1)，其与所述功率校正因数电路(PFC)的至少一个滤波电容(C)串联；
至少一个控制电路(VD1)，用于控制所述电源(A)的输入电压，其可操作地与所述开关(SW1)连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电源(A)，其特征在于，所述开关(SW1)的类型为电子开关。
3.根据一项或多项前述权利要求所述的电源(A)，其特征在于，还包括至少一个输入滤波器(F)，其能够与外部电源线连接且连接在所述功率因数校正电路(PFC)的上游。
4.根据一项或多项前述权利要求所述的电源(A)，其特征在于，所述过电压保护装置包括串联设置的至少一个附加开关(SW2)，且设置于所述输入滤波器(F)的上游。
5.根据一项或多项前述权利要求所述的电源(A)，其特征在于，所述附加开关(SW2)的类型为机电开关。
6.根据一项或多项前述权利要求所述的电源(A)，其特征在于，所述过电压保护装置包括至少一个点燃电流限制器(ICL)，其连接在所述功率因数校正电路(PFC)的上游。
7.根据一项或多项前述权利要求所述的电源(A)，其特征在于，所述点燃电流限制器(ICL)包括至少一个机电开关(SW3)，其与至少一个正温度系数电阻器(PTC)并联。
8.根据一项或多项前述权利要求所述的电源(A)，其特征在于，所述点燃电流限制器(ICL)连接在所述输入滤波器(F)的上游。
9.根据一项或多项前述权利要求所述的电源(A)，其特征在于，所述点燃电流限制器(ICL)连接在所述输入滤波器(F)的下游。
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