CN105814782B - 用于借助于专用运行方法紧急运行多相电压转换器的电路装置 - Google Patents

用于借助于专用运行方法紧急运行多相电压转换器的电路装置 Download PDF

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CN105814782B
CN105814782B CN201480069130.9A CN201480069130A CN105814782B CN 105814782 B CN105814782 B CN 105814782B CN 201480069130 A CN201480069130 A CN 201480069130A CN 105814782 B CN105814782 B CN 105814782B
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mosfet
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CN105814782A (zh
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N.德拉伊塞
M.欣泽尔
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H02M1/088Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/08Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
    • H02H7/0833Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors for electric motors with control arrangements
    • H02H7/0844Fail safe control, e.g. by comparing control signal and controlled current, isolating motor on commutation error
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/1203Circuits independent of the type of conversion
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/122Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for inverters, i.e. dc/ac converters
    • H02H7/1225Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for inverters, i.e. dc/ac converters responsive to internal faults, e.g. shoot-through
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/325Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection with means for allowing continuous operation despite a fault, i.e. fault tolerant converters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
    • H02M3/1586Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel switched with a phase shift, i.e. interleaved

Abstract

本发明的出发点是一种电路装置,其具有电压转换器(10),所述电压转换器(10)具有输入路径(42)、输出路径(52)并且具有多个相(15),其中每个相(15)都具有至少一个半桥(20)和至少一个保险装置(60),其中半桥(20)的支路各具有一个MOSFET(30)。本发明的核心在于,电路装置识别有故障的MOSFET并且将完好相的MOSFET激励为使得足够大的电流触发与有故障MOSFET串联的保险装置,以便实现电压转换器的紧急运行。本发明还涉及一种用于运行这样的电路装置的方法。

Description

用于借助于专用运行方法紧急运行多相电压转换器的电路 装置
技术领域
本发明的出发点是一种电路装置,其具有电压转换器,所述电压转换器具有输入路径、输出路径并且具有多个相,其中每个相都具有至少一个半桥和至少一个保险装置,其中半桥的支路各具有一个MOSFET。
本发明还涉及一种用于运行这样的电路装置的方法。
背景技术
这样的电路装置例如在专利文献US 5499186 A中予以了公开,其中来自该专利文献的电路装置公开了每相至少两个半桥。
在电压转换器中,由开关构成的半桥结合线圈和电容器使用,以便将电压转换成其它电压。通过将多个相并联并且在时间上错开地激励,实现了:组件被更少地加载荷并且附加地明显减小了波纹电流。此外,由此提高了电磁兼容性并且更少地出现损耗,由此改善了效率。在此,充当开关的大多是MOSFET,MOSFET在故障情况下通常以短路失效。在具有多个并联相的电压转换器的情况下,一相的失效导致整个转化器的失效。
发明内容
本发明的任务在于,实现由于MOSFET短路而失效的多相电压转化器的紧急运行。
发明优点
本发明的出发点是一种电路装置,其具有电压转换器,所述电压转换器具有输入路径、输出路径并且具有多个相,其中每个相都具有至少一个半桥和至少一个保险装置,其中半桥的支路各具有一个MOSFET。本发明的核心在于,电路装置在电压转换器的输入路径中具有第一开关,也或者在电压转换器的输出路径中具有第二开关。在此有利的是,通过开关,电压源可以在电压转换器的输入端处也或者输出端处被断开。由此,一方面可以避免不受控制的电流流动,并且另一方面由此可能的是,可以通过专门激励各个相的MOSFET来有针对性地触发有故障相的保险装置。于是,由此可以在紧急运行中运行电压转换器。
本发明的一个有利的扩展方案规定,在半桥的每个支路中都布置有保险装置。在此有利的是,保险装置由于其内电阻而示出各个半桥的一种电阻对称化。此外,由此提高了所谓的自由燃烧因子(Freibrennfaktor)、即具有有故障MOSFE的相中的可用电流与可容许的标称电流之间的比例。因此,保险装置可以被设计到更高电流上,在该电流的情况下应当触发该保险装置,由此降低了有序运行状态下的损耗。
根据本发明的一个有利的扩展方案规定,MOSFET在漏极侧与保险装置连接。在此有利的是,在保险装置触发以后,具有完好MOSFET的其余相可以再次投入运行。
根据本发明的一个有利的扩展方案规定,MOSFET在源极侧与保险装置连接。在此有利的是,在保险装置触发以后,可以继续给有故障的MOSFET供应自由燃烧电流。这于是从源极到栅极接线端子进行,并且实现了:通过另外的措施还可以自由燃烧栅极,以便接着实现利用所有相的紧急运行。
在一个有利的实施方式中规定,电路装置被配置为使得MOSFET由驱动电路通过前置电阻来激励,并且驱动电路的供电电压被保护免受过电流损害。在此有利的是,在有故障的MOSFET的情况下,仅仅属于该MOSFET的驱动电路可能被损坏,但是不损坏其余完好相的驱动电路。
在另一有利的实施方式中规定,驱动电路与驱动电路的调节单元之间的连接具有串联电阻,以便保护调节单元免受过电流损害。在此有利的是,在有故障的MOSFET的情况下,保护调节单元免于通过来自驱动电路的过电流的损坏。
一个有利的实施方式规定,电路装置被配置为使得MOSFET由驱动电路通过前置电阻来激励,并且在驱动电路与前置电阻之间布置有保护电路,其中保护电路具有由第一电阻和电容器构成的并联电路。在此有利的是,通过保护电路来保护有故障相的驱动电路免受高直流损害,否则所述高直流可能损坏驱动电路。
另一有利的实施方式规定,在前置电阻同保护电路的连接与地之间布置排流电路,其中排流电路具有可通过调节单元来控制的附加开关。在此有利的是,通过附加开关,可以将电流从有故障MOSFET的被短路的栅极排出到地。这非常快地使前置电阻过载,由此该前置电阻熔化并且因此栅极导线断开。
根据一个有利的扩展方案规定,排流电路各具有保护电路、二极管,其中二极管布置在前置电阻同保护电路的连接与附加开关之间,并且其中二极管在阴极侧与附加开关连接。在此有利的是,每相仅需唯一的附加开关,利用该附加开关可以自由燃烧有故障MOSFET的前置电阻。此外,每相中必须由调节单元激励仅仅唯一的附加开关。这导致需要更少的组件,这一方面节省成本,并且另一方面节省空间。
根据另一有利的扩展方案规定,在附加开关与地之间布置第二电阻。在此有利的是,第二电阻充当电流负反馈,并且因此是恒流源,以便能够以所定义的功率自由燃烧栅极。这导致,附加开关可以有针对性地被设计用于该功率。
此外,本发明涉及一种用于运行电路装置的方法。在此,根据本发明,在异常运行状态下执行下列方法步骤:
A.识别相的半桥的支路中的低侧MOSFET的故障或高侧MOSFET的故障;
B.停止对所有MOSFET的激励;
C.在低侧MOSFET的故障的情况下断开第二开关,或者在高侧MOSFET的故障的情况下断开第一开关;
D.激励所有MOSFET都完好的相的MOSFET,使得足够大的电流流入到有故障的相中,以便触发保险装置。
在此有利的是,通过方法步骤的所述序列,可以有针对性地自由燃烧具有短路MOSFET的相中的保险装置。此外,通过方法步骤B和C,电压转换器被停止运行,并且被保护免受不受控制的电流流动损害,由此可以避免组件的损坏。
根据本发明的方法的一个有利的扩展方案规定,跟随在方法步骤D之后的是方法步骤E,其中断开的第一开关或断开的第二开关被闭合,并且其中所有MOSFET都完好的相的MOSFET被激励,如这在正常运行状态下的情况。在此有利的是,具有多个并联相的电压转换器可以在紧急运行中运行,其中有故障的相不再运行。
根据本发明的方法的一个有利的扩展方案规定,跟随在方法步骤D之后的是方法步骤F,其中闭合附加开关。在此有利的是,通过闭合附加开关,流入到短路的MOSFET中的电流通过MOSFET的栅极的前置电阻被导出到地。由此栅极的前置电阻过载并熔化。因此,MOSFET利用三个连接中的两个与电路装置断开。
按照根据本发明的方法的一个有利的扩展方案规定,跟随在方法步骤F之后的是方法步骤G,其中断开的第一开关或断开的第二开关被闭合,并且其中所有相的MOSFET都被激励,其中具有故障的相与在正常运行状态下相比以更小的功率运行,并且其中所有相都完好的MOSFET的相如在正常运行状态下那样运行。在此有利的是,具有多个并联相的电压转换器可以在紧急运行中运行,其中可以使用所有的相。
附图说明
图1示出了根据本发明的电路装置的第一实施例。
图2示出了根据图1的第一实施例的电压转换器的相。
图3示出了根据本发明的电路装置的根据本发明的运行方法的第一实施例。
图4示出了根据本发明的电路装置的根据本发明的运行方法的第二实施例。
具体实施方式
图1示出了根据本发明的电路装置的第一实施例。示出了一种电路装置,其具有输入电压UIN和输出电压UOUT。电压转换器10借助于并联的相15将输入电压UIN转换成输出电压UOUT,其中输入电压UIN通过具有第一开关40的输入路径42被提供给相15,并且其中输出电压UOUT通过具有第二开关50的输出路径52从相15上量取。此外,电路装置具有调节单元72以及每相15各一个驱动电路70。调节单元72通过导线162和164与驱动电路70连接并且分别通过导线166与相15连接。驱动电路70又通过导线172和174与相15连接并且由供电电压UV来供电。在正常运行状态下,第一开关40和第二开关50被闭合。调节单元72于是通过导线162或164将经脉宽调制的第一和第二信号发送给驱动电路70。经脉宽调制的信号彼此推挽地延伸,其中第一信号在导线162中被驱动电路70处理,以便通过导线172激励根据图2的相15中的低侧MOSFET 32并且其中该信号在导线164中被驱动电路70处理,以便通过导线174激励根据图2的相15中的高侧MOSFET 34。驱动电路70在开关周期期间由调节单元72在时间上错开地激励。
在未图示的一个替代的实施例中,供电电压Uv被保护免受来自驱动电路70之一的过电流损害。因此可以避免:所有相15的驱动电路70由于流入到驱动电路70中的过电流进入到相15之一中而被损坏。替代于此地,供电电压也可以被构造成可开关的。在另一替代方案中,在调节单元72与驱动电路70之间布置串联电阻。由此可以保护调节单元72免受来自驱动电路70之一的过电流损害。在这些替代实施方式中,在图2中示出的保护电路90和排流电路120于是不是必需的。但是必须注意,在这些情况下,具有有故障的MOSFET 30的相15不再能够运行,因为该相15的驱动电路70估计被损坏。
图2示出了根据图1的第一实施例的电压转换器的相。示出了具有三个并联半桥20的相15,所述半桥与线圈22和电容器24一起构成同步转换器。半桥20的支路分别具有MOSFET 30,并且此外在漏极侧分别具有保险装置60。线圈22一方面与半桥20的中间抽头连接,并且另一方面与输出路径52连接。在输出路径52与地GND之间布置有电容器24。此外,半桥在输入侧与输入路径42连接。在MOSFET 30的情况下,在低侧MOSFET 32与高侧MOSFET 34之间进行区分,其中低侧MOSFET 32布置在半桥20的中间抽头与地GND之间,并且高侧MOSFET 34布置在半桥20的中间抽头与输入路径42之间。高侧MOSFET 34的栅极通过导线174来激励。低侧MOSFET的栅极通过导线172来激励。但是在此,分别在高侧MOSFET 34的情况下将保护电路90、并且在低侧MOSFET的情况下将保护电路90以及每MOSFET 30各一个前置电阻80布置在导线172和174中。保护电路90是第一电阻100与电容器110的并联电路。此外,相15具有排流电路120,该排流电路120布置在前置电阻80同保护电路90的连接与地GND之间。排流电路120具有附加开关140、第二电阻150以及每保护电路90各一个二极管130。在此,二极管130、附加开关140和第二电阻150串联,其中二极管130分别在阴极侧与附加开关140连接,并且分别在阳极侧与保护电路90同前置电阻80之间的连接连接,并且其中附加开关140通过第二电阻150与地GND连接。附加开关140通过导线166来激励。
在一个未图示的替代的实施例中,半桥20的每个支路中的保险装置60在漏极侧与MOSFET连接。由此,在有故障的MOSFET的情况下也不必还要自由燃烧栅极,以便能够将具有完好MOSFET 30的相15再次投入运行。在另一替代的实施例中,在排流电路120中没有布置第二电阻150。由此,取消了电流负反馈,并且因此附加开关140必须是安全FET、小信号输出级或者可驱动足够大电流的简单MOSFET。
图3示出了根据本发明的电路装置的根据本发明的运行方法的第一实施例。如果低侧MOSFET 32或高侧MOSFET 34具有短路,则在方法步骤A中被识别。一旦这被识别出,则在方法步骤B中停止对所有MOSFET 30的激励,以便使电压转换器停止运行。接着,在方法步骤C中,要么在已经识别有故障的低侧MOSFET 32的情况下断开第二开关50,要么在已经识别有故障的高侧MOSFET 34的情况下断开第一开关40。由此在接下来的方法步骤D期间避免了不受控制的电流流动。在方法步骤D中,将具有完好MOSFET 30的相15运行得使得足够大的电流流入到具有故障的相15中,以便触发保险装置60。在此,足够大的电流通过以小占空比激励所有MOSFET 30都完好的相15来实现。一旦布置在具有有故障MOSFET 30的半桥20的支路中的保险装置60已经被触发,则执行方法步骤E。在该方法步骤E中,第一开关40或第二开关50被闭合,并且接着,所有MOSFET 30都完好的相15中的MOSFET 30被激励,如这在正常运行下的情况。由此,实现了电路装置的紧急运行,其中具有有故障MOSFET 30的相15不再投入运行。
图4示出了根据本发明的电路装置的根据本发明的运行方法的第二实施例。示出了彼此相继进行的方法步骤A至G。在此,方法步骤A至D与图3中的同名方法步骤相同。紧接在方法步骤D之后,执行方法步骤F,在方法步骤D中具有有故障MOSFET 30的半桥20的支路中的保险装置60已经触发。在该方法步骤F中,附加开关140被闭合,该附加开关140通过导线166由调节单元72来控制。由此,流入到具有有故障MOSFET 32的相中的电流现在流经有故障MOSFET 30的栅极、其前置电阻80、并且紧接着流经排流电路120中的附加开关140、流至地GND。通过该电流,前置电阻80过载,熔化并且因此断开有故障MOSFET 30的栅极与驱动电路70之间的连接。一旦这发生,则执行另一方法步骤G。在此,所有相15都被激励,也就是说具有有故障MOSFET 30的相15也被激励。对MOSFET 30的激励进行得使得具有有故障MOSFET 30的相15与正常运行状态下相比以更小功率运行,并且其余相如正常运行状态下那样运行。由此,电路装置可以在使用所有相15的紧急运行中运行。
在一个未图示的替代的实施例中,也可以在图4中的方法步骤F之后跟随有图3中的方法步骤E。由此,即使具有有故障MOSFET 30的相15的驱动电路70不再能够运行,仍可实现紧急运行。
电路装置和用于运行该电路装置的所属方法的基本前提是,电压转换器10具有至少三个每相拥有至少一个半桥20的相15、或至少两个每相15拥有至少两个半桥20的相15。这是为了获得足够大自由燃烧因子所必需的,以便触发具有有故障MOSFET 30的半桥20的支路中的保险装置60。

Claims (14)

1.一种电路装置,具有电压转换器(10),所述电压转换器(10)具有输入路径(42)、输出路径(52)并且具有多个相(15),其中每个相(15)都具有至少一个半桥(20)和至少一个保险装置(60),其中半桥(20)的支路各具有一个MOSFET(30),其特征在于,
电路装置在电压转换器(10)的输入路径(42)中具有第一开关(40),和/或在电压转换器(10)的输出路径(52)中具有第二开关(50),并且其中电路装置被配置为:
识别相(15)的半桥(20)的支路中的低侧MOSFET(32)的故障或高侧MOSFET(34)的故障,和
停止对所有MOSFET(30)的激励,和
在低侧MOSFET(32)的故障的情况下断开第二开关(50),或者在高侧MOSFET(34)的故障的情况下断开第一开关(40),和
激励所有MOSFET(30)都完好的相(15)的MOSFET(30),使得足够大的电流流入到有故障的相(15)中,以便触发保险装置(60)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电路装置,其特征在于,在半桥(20)的每个支路中都布置有保险装置(60)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的电路装置,其特征在于,MOSFET(30)在漏极侧与保险装置(60)连接。
4.根据权利要求2所述的电路装置,其特征在于,MOSFET(30)在源极侧与保险装置(60)连接。
5.根据权利要求1至3之一所述的电路装置,其特征在于,电路装置被配置为使得MOSFET(30)由驱动电路(70)通过前置电阻(80)来激励,并且驱动电路(70)的供电电压被保护免受过电流损害。
6.根据权利要求5所述的电路装置,其特征在于,驱动电路(70)与驱动电路(70)的调节单元(72)之间的连接具有串联电阻(74),以便保护调节单元(72)免受过电流损害。
7.根据权利要求4所述的电路装置,其特征在于,电路装置被配置为使得MOSFET(30)由驱动电路(70)通过前置电阻(80)来激励,并且在驱动电路(70)与前置电阻(80)之间布置有保护电路(90),其中保护电路(90)具有由第一电阻(100)和电容器(110)构成的并联电路。
8.根据权利要求7所述的电路装置,其特征在于,在前置电阻(80)同保护电路(90)的连接与地(GND)之间布置排流电路(120),其中排流电路(120)具有能够通过调节单元(72)来控制的附加开关(140)。
9.根据权利要求8所述的电路装置,其特征在于,排流电路(120)各具有保护电路(90)、二极管(130),其中二极管(130)布置在前置电阻(80)同保护电路(90)的连接与附加开关(140)之间,并且其中二极管(130)在阴极侧与附加开关(140)连接。
10.根据权利要求9所述的电路装置,其特征在于,在附加开关(140)与地(GND)之间布置第二电阻(150)。
11.用于在异常运行状态下运行根据权利要求1至10之一所述的电路装置的方法,具有下列方法步骤:
(A)识别相(15)的半桥(20)的支路中的低侧MOSFET(32)的故障或高侧MOSFET(34)的故障;
(B)停止对所有MOSFET(30)的激励;
(C)在低侧MOSFET(32)的故障的情况下断开第二开关(50),或者在高侧MOSFET(34)的故障的情况下断开第一开关(40);
(D)激励所有MOSFET(30)都完好的相(15)的MOSFET(30),使得足够大的电流流入到具有故障的相(15)中,以便触发保险装置(60)。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法,其特征在于,跟随在方法步骤(D)之后的是方法步骤(E),在方法步骤(E)中,将断开的第一开关(40)或断开的第二开关(50)闭合,并且在方法步骤(E)中,如这在正常运行状态下的情况那样激励所有MOSFET(30)都完好的相(15)的MOSFET(30)。
13.根据权利要求11所述的用于运行根据权利要求8至10之一所述的电路装置的方法,其特征在于,跟随在方法步骤(D)之后的是方法步骤(F),在方法步骤(F)中,闭合附加开关(140)。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其特征在于,跟随在方法步骤(F)之后的是方法步骤(G),在方法步骤(G)中,闭合断开的第一开关(40)或断开的第二开关(50),并且在方法步骤(G)中,激励所有相(15)的MOSFET(30),其中具有故障的相(15)与在正常运行状态下相比以更小的功率运行,并且其中所有MOSFET(30)都完好的相(15)如在正常运行状态下那样运行。
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