CN106457309B - 具有触发装置的用于材料的超声处理的设备 - Google Patents

具有触发装置的用于材料的超声处理的设备 Download PDF

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CN106457309B
CN106457309B CN201580032225.8A CN201580032225A CN106457309B CN 106457309 B CN106457309 B CN 106457309B CN 201580032225 A CN201580032225 A CN 201580032225A CN 106457309 B CN106457309 B CN 106457309B
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lug boss
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CN106457309A (zh
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G·格纳德
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Herrmann Ultraschalltechnik GmbH and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B29C65/083—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil
    • B29C65/085—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil using a rotary sonotrode
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/0207—Driving circuits
    • B06B1/0223—Driving circuits for generating signals continuous in time
    • B06B1/0238—Driving circuits for generating signals continuous in time of a single frequency, e.g. a sine-wave
    • B06B1/0246—Driving circuits for generating signals continuous in time of a single frequency, e.g. a sine-wave with a feedback signal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B3/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for transmitting mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B29C65/083—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil
    • B29C65/087—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil using both a rotary sonotrode and a rotary anvil
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/922—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/9221—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the pressure, the force or the mechanical power
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B2201/00—Indexing scheme associated with B06B1/0207 for details covered by B06B1/0207 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • B06B2201/70—Specific application
    • B06B2201/72—Welding, joining, soldering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B29C65/083—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil
    • B29C65/086—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil using a rotary anvil
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8351—Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws
    • B29C66/83511—Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders or drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8351—Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws
    • B29C66/83511—Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders or drums
    • B29C66/83513—Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders or drums cooperating jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders or drums and moving in a closed path
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/929—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools characterized by specific pressure, force, mechanical power or displacement values or ranges
    • B29C66/9292—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools characterized by specific pressure, force, mechanical power or displacement values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. pressure diagrams
    • B29C66/92921—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools characterized by specific pressure, force, mechanical power or displacement values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. pressure diagrams in specific relation to time, e.g. pressure-time diagrams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/96—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process
    • B29C66/961—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process involving a feedback loop mechanism, e.g. comparison with a desired value
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/96—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process
    • B29C66/962—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process using proportional controllers, e.g. PID controllers [proportional–integral–derivative controllers]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于材料的超声处理的设备，该设备具有超声处理系统，该系统包括：超声发生器、转换器(12)、焊极(16)和配对工具(18)；其中，焊极(16)和/或配对工具(18)具有基本圆柱形的密封表面，密封表面具有至少一个凸起部(45)，且焊极和/或配对工具可旋转使得在处理期间凸起部(45)绕旋转轴线旋转并在密封期间与材料网(20)接触，其中，设置有用于超声发生器的控制装置(24)，反馈变量从超声处理系统馈送至控制装置，且控制装置从中确定调整变量并将所述调整变量馈送至超声发生器，其中，来自处理过程中的过程变量被确定并在馈送至超声发生器之前关联至由控制装置(24)所确定的调整变量。为了提供改进的、用于材料的超声处理的、具有超声处理系统的设备，设置有触发装置(44)，该触发装置确定凸起部(45)的位置并设计成根据位置的确定允许或阻止过程变量关联至调整变量。

Description

具有触发装置的用于材料的超声处理的设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于材料的超声处理的设备，该设备具有超声处理系统，超声处理系统具有超声发生器、转换器、焊极和配对工具。
背景技术
超声发生器产生交流电压，该交流电压借助转换器转换成超声振动，超声振动的频率与焊极匹配，使得后者被置于共振状态。为了处理期望的材料，它们布置在一方面为焊极与另一方面为配对工具之间。用超声振动激励的焊极接着将材料压向配对工具并处理材料。
特别地，当处理材料网时，焊极和/或配对工具装备有基本为圆柱形的密封表面且在处理操作期间绕圆柱体的轴线旋转。在该情形下，圆柱形密封表面的周向速度总体上与材料进给速度相同。
通常地，密封表面具有如例如突出在密封表面上方的凸起部那样的结构。当材料被处理时，密封表面的结构转移入材料中。
因而，例如凸起部可为细长的或肋形的，且可在密封表面上沿轴向延伸。将理解到，其它形式的凸起部、例如呈点状或呈圆形的凸起部也是可能的。
此后，参考配对工具上的凸起部的示例描述本发明。然而，将理解到，在该形式之外或此外，凸起部可设置在焊极上。将理解到，还可能提供多个凸起部。
在处理操作期间，只要振动的焊极经由材料将力施加在凸起部上时，密封动作就发生。
例如，当使用相对于材料网横向延伸的细长的凸起部时，以所描述的方式，可能在材料网中产生横向密封缝。只要配对工具上细长的凸起部设置成与焊极相对时，就产生横向密封缝。
然而，凸起部的使用还具有以下结果：只要当配对工具在旋转时凸起部定位成与焊极相对时，由焊极经由材料施加在配对工具上的力就突然增加。由此，这涉及联接至配对工具的振动系统。焊极的振动由此衰减，且焊极的固有频率改变。
由此，为了产生例如尽可能恒定的振幅，焊极必须以不同的频率或用更大的功率等级激励。
因而，总体上，发生器受到闭环控制，也就是说，电气振动和机械振动系统的给定的系统参数是确定的，且如果它们变化，则发生器的频率和/或电压和/或电流强度的改适提供再次被调节至期望值的安排。
在该方面，总体上努力保持振幅尽可能恒定，且通过这样做以消耗尽可能小的能量。
闭环控制能够以高度可靠的方式响应于系统中的逐渐变化，例如温度变化和与之相关联的焊极的长度变化。
然而，闭环控制受到限制，特别是当涉及突然的变化时。特别地，在载荷变化的情形下，也就是说只要凸起部与材料处理接合时，系统参数就突然变化且闭环控制就必须干预。
然而，已发现闭环控制没有足够快地响应。特别是当涉及更高处理速度时，凸起部仅与材料接触非常短的时间，从而并非罕见的是，闭环控制仅当凸起部已经又一次脱离接合时响应于短期的载荷增加。此处，保持振幅恒定是可能的，但有困难。所有小于5ms的载荷变化因而导致振幅的显著波动。
因而，在DE 10 2006 020 417中已经提出：从处理过程中探知过程变量，且以此方式探知的过程变量与控制系统的调整变量相关联。
例如，过程变量可以是焊极作用在材料上的力，该力总体上与焊极的处理力成比例。如果在操作期间形成焊极的偏转或处理力增加(当凸起部发生处理接合时特别是这种情况)，则在合适的修正后可能将变化加至调整变量。以该方式，通过载荷变化，可以显著地减小幅值的波动。在实践中，力传感器安装在超声振动单元的调整装置与焊极之间的传送路径中。该力传感器则用于测量力，该力总体上与焊极施加在材料网上的力相同。
然而，将注意到，振幅的波动还是会发生。特别是在凸起部已再次脱离接合后，通常发生后振动。这基本是由于以下事实：由于载荷的突然增加，焊极的保持结构弹性变形，且在随后载荷的突然减少中，焊极进行绕静止位置的衰减振动。
然而，该衰减振动的结果是在力传感器处测量的力也振荡，且因而过程变量振荡并干预闭环控制过程，甚至当凸起部已不再与材料接触时也是如此。由此，控制过程被严重扭曲，从而需要一些时间直至焊极再次位于恒定的振幅。
通过DE 10 2006 020 417 B4中描述的设备，可能以足够的质量处理80m/min的材料网速度。然而，现在期望的是显著更高的、例如200－300m/min的处理速度。
由于恒定的振幅必须最迟在下一个凸起部与材料接合时达到，由于处理速度的增加，DE 10 2006 020 417中描述的闭环控制系统不再够用。
EP 1609582 A1、JP 200259483和JP 2001354210示出了用于处理材料的各种设备。
发明内容
因而，本发明的目的是提供一种在本说明书的开始部分提出的类型的设备，该设备允许对超声发生器的更快的闭环控制，特别是在突然的载荷变化时。
根据本发明，该目的通过以下来实现：设置触发装置，该触发装置确定凸起部的位置，且改适成根据位置的确定允许或阻止将过程变量关联至调整变量。
换言之，当凸起部在配对工具的背对材料的侧面上时，将过程变量关联至调整变量可被禁用，使得过程变量的任何变化将不再具有任何对调整变量和闭环控制功能有效的扭曲影响。
优选地，触发装置改适成使得当凸起部与待处理的材料接触时，允许将过程变量关联至调整变量，并当凸起部不与待处理的材料接触时，阻止将过程变量关联至调整变量。
换言之，DE 10 2006 020 417 B4中所描述的关联措施在凸起部刚要焊接材料之前起作用，并在焊接操作刚完毕后再次被禁用。
因而，根据本发明，过程变量和调整变量的关联根据凸起部的位置被实施，使得当由于凸起部不在待加工的材料附近故而没有突然的载荷变化被期望时，不使用该关联。
然而，在优选的实施例中，为了不负面地影响闭环控制，触发装置改适成使得当过程变量与调整变量的关联被阻止时，则代替地将预定的参考值与调整变量关联。预定的参考值不必为恒定的，但可取决于时间或凸起部的位置。
在优选的实施例中，设置为预定的参考值设定为在触发装置刚要允许关联之前已检测到的过程变量的值。该措施基于以下考虑：在期望的载荷刚要突然变化之前，过程变量值、例如检测到的密封力为几乎恒定的值。接着，当与过程变量的关联被阻止时，该值取代所测得的力值被馈送至关联。
在优选的实施例中，触发装置具有用于确定凸起部的位置的传感器。这可例如感应地实现。然而，原则上，配对工具和/或焊极的驱动可使得它们能够确定凸起部的位置。
附图说明
本发明的其它优点、特征和可能的用途将从此后对附图中的优选实施例的说明中变得清楚，附图中：
图1示出了根据本发明的设备的示意图，以及
图2示出了图表，显示了焊极处的力的测量值与时间的关系。
具体实施方式
图1示出了根据本发明的超声处理设备的电路图。其具有振动系统10，振动系统10包括转换器12、幅值变换器14、超声焊极16和配对工具18。待处理的材料20、例如材料网布置在焊极16与配对工具18之间。借助超声发生器(未示出)，转换器12被供有交流电压。
信号(u)从振动系统10中取得，并经由反馈路径22被馈送至闭环控制装置24。该闭环控制装置24具有PID控制器26。控制装置24产生调整变量，调整变量被馈送至振动系统10且特别是转换器12。振动系统10与控制装置24一起形成了闭环控制的、电气及机械振动电路28。控制装置24可集成在超声发生器中。
附图标记30标示处理过程，特别是焊接过程，由于该过程不直接受电气和机械变量的影响，故而该过程在振动电路28外部。处理过程30与力传感器32连接，通过力传感器32来探知焊接力的改变。力传感器32探知过程变量(p)，过程变量(p)被馈送至修正单元34。修正单元34传送修正后的过程变量(p’)，修正后的过程变量(p’)馈送至关联位置36。关联位置36设置在控制装置24与振动系统10之间，使得不仅修正后的过程变量(p’)、还有调整变量(s)都被馈送至关联位置36。相互关联的变量(p’)和(s)被馈送至振动系统10且特别是超声发生器。
将见到辊形配对工具18的密封表面具有两个相对设置的凸起部45。这些可例如为沿轴向布置的细长肋部。当处理材料网20时，配对工具18绕其轴线旋转，使得两个凸起部45接连与材料网20接触，并当材料网被夹在焊极16与凸起部45之间时提供用于产生横向密封缝。
只要两个突出部45之一经由材料网20压靠焊极16时，就会导致经由力传感器32测得的力突然变化。然而，如果焊接力增加，则焊极必须提供对应的反作用力，也就是说存在焊极保持件的轻微的弹性变形。一旦凸起部45不再压靠焊极16，焊接就将再次运动回到其原始位置。
然而，由于焊极保持件的弹性特性，这将导致过调，从而焊接力在时间上的改变呈衰减振荡的形式。然而，由于焊接力经由传感器32被连续地测量，现有技术设置为，改变后的焊接力也经由关联位置36不间断地馈送，使得甚至当凸起部45不与材料网20接触时，衰减的振荡还作为修正后的过程变量p'被馈送至关联位置36并影响闭环控制。因而，根据本发明，设置有触发装置44，触发装置44借助位置传感器43确定凸起部45的位置，并根据确定的操作致动开关46，使得关联位置36与修正后的过程变量p’连接或与恒定的参考值ref连接。
在该实施例中，一旦凸起部45在焊极16上不再施加任何力时，关联位置36就与恒定的参考值ref连接。不是由凸起部45的影响所导致的焊接力的任何变化不突然发生，且可借助控制装置24进行调节。在该方面，参考值被设定使得参考值对应于修正后的过程变量p'，修正后的过程变量p'在关联至过程值刚要发生之前测量。
图2示出了典型力的测量值与时间的关系。
将首先见到关于所测得的力的基本恒定值，其中，当凸起部45经由材料网20遇到焊极16时，产生了力峰值47，力峰值47由附加载荷和振动系统的同时的衰减引起。然而，凸起部45约在点50处脱离接合。能够清晰地见到表征系统的后振动的较小峰值48。
在DE 10 2006 020 417中所描述的实施例中，该力信号被修正并关联至调整变量。在凸起部与材料网实际接合的区域中，这是有利的。然而，如果凸起部不与材料网接合，则后振动峰值48经由关联而对闭环控制具有相反的效果。
因而，根据本发明，根据凸起部的位置的测量，仅在时间49与50之间的区域内实现将可能地修正后的过程变量p’关联至调整变量，而在时间50后，修正后的过程变量被恒定的参考值代替。该恒定的参考值对应于在时间49处测得的力值。
附图标记列表
10 振动系统
12 转换器
14 幅值变换器
16 超声焊极
18 配对工具
20 材料
22 反馈路径
24 闭环控制装置
26 PID控制器
28 振动电路
30 处理过程
32 力传感器
34 修正单元
36 关联位置
43 位置传感器
44 触发装置
45 凸起部
46 开关
47 力峰值
48 后振动峰值
49 时间
50 时间

Claims (7)

1.用于材料的超声处理的设备，所述设备具有超声处理系统，所述超声处理系统包括超声发生器、转换器（12）、焊极（16）和配对工具（18），其中，所述焊极（16）和/或所述配对工具（18）具有基本圆柱形的密封表面，所述密封表面具有至少一个凸起部，且所述焊极和/或所述配对工具能旋转使得所述凸起部（45）在处理操作期间绕旋转轴线旋转并在密封期间与材料网（20）接触，其中，设置有用于所述超声发生器的闭环控制装置（24），反馈变量从所述超声处理系统馈送至所述闭环控制装置，且所述闭环控制装置从中探知调整变量并将所述调整变量馈送至所述超声发生器，其中，过程变量从处理过程中被探知并在馈送至所述超声发生器之前关联至由所述闭环控制装置（24）所探知的所述调整变量，其特征在于，设置有触发装置（44），所述触发装置确定所述凸起部（45）的位置并改适成根据位置的确定允许或阻止所述过程变量关联至所述调整变量。
2.如权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，所述触发装置改适成使得当所述凸起部（45）与所述材料网（20）接触时，允许将所述过程变量关联至所述调整变量，并当所述凸起部（45）不与所述材料网（20）接触时，阻止将所述过程变量关联至所述调整变量。
3.如权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，所述触发装置（44）改适成使得当所述过程变量与所述调整变量的关联被阻止时，代替地将预定的参考值与所述调整变量关联。
4.如权利要求3所述的设备，其特征在于，所述预定的参考值设定为在触发装置（44）刚要允许关联之前已检测到的所述过程变量的值。
5.如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述触发装置（44）具有用于确定所述凸起部的位置的传感器（43）。
6.如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述过程变量为所述焊极（16）的处理力。
7.如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述凸起部（45）为轴向地定向在所述密封表面上的基本细长的形状。
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