CN106449800A - Passivation contact structure of selective polycrystalline silicon thin film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Passivation contact structure of selective polycrystalline silicon thin film and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106449800A
CN106449800A CN201611117510.2A CN201611117510A CN106449800A CN 106449800 A CN106449800 A CN 106449800A CN 201611117510 A CN201611117510 A CN 201611117510A CN 106449800 A CN106449800 A CN 106449800A
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thickness
polysilicon membrane
polycrystalline silicon
thin film
preparation
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CN106449800B (en
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陈达明
崔艳峰
陈奕锋
杨阳
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Changzhou Trina Solar Energy Co Ltd
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Changzhou Trina Solar Energy Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02Details
    • H01L31/0224Electrodes
    • H01L31/022408Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/022425Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02Details
    • H01L31/0216Coatings
    • H01L31/02161Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/02167Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L31/1876Particular processes or apparatus for batch treatment of the devices
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
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  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a passivation contact structure of a selective polycrystalline silicon thin film. A preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing one silicon dioxide layer with the thickness of less than 2nm on the surface of crystalline silicon, preparing a doped polycrystalline silicon thin film on the surface of the silicon dioxide layer, wherein the doped polycrystalline silicon thin film has a first thickness in a nonmetallic contact region and a second thickness in a metallic contact region, and the first thickness is less than the second thickness, and then forming a metal electrode on the surface of the second thickness region of the polycrystalline silicon thin film. Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a method for preparing the passivation contact structure of the selective polycrystalline silicon thin film. The passivation contact structure of the selective polycrystalline silicon thin film has the advantages that the traditional screen printing technology can be effectively combined with a passivation contact technology, the passivation contact technology can be beneficially popularized to mass production, and efficiency of a solar cell is effectively improved.

Description

Passivation contact structures of selectivity polysilicon membrane and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of passivation contact structures of solar cell, more particularly, to a kind of selectivity polysilicon membrane blunt Change contact structures and preparation method thereof, belong to solar cell preparing technical field.
Background technology
In recent years, passivation contact technique is of great interest in crystal-silicon solar cell field, and wherein Germany is not bright Grace standing grain takes solar energy system Research Institute and goes out the passivation contact solar cell that efficiency reaches 25.1%, and its passivation contact adopts tunnel Wear silicon dioxide layer, and be superimposed upon the polysilicon membrane in tunnelling silicon dioxide layer.This passivation contact solar cell is using true Empty vapour deposition method prepares metal electrode, in a short time also cannot large-scale production.
Content of the invention
The present invention be directed to prior art in, passivation contact technique cannot large-scale production technical problem, a kind of selectivity is provided Passivation contact structures of polysilicon membrane and preparation method thereof, improve the efficiency of solar cell further, will be passivated contact technique Push volume production to.
For this reason, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
The passivation contact structures of selectivity polysilicon membrane, have a layer thickness in surface of crystalline silicon preparation<The silicon dioxide of 2 nm Layer, prepares doped polycrystalline silicon film in silicon dioxide layer surface, described doped polycrystalline silicon film has in no Metal contact regions First thickness, there being Metal contact regions to have second thickness, and first thickness is less than second thickness, the of polysilicon membrane Two thickness area surfaces form metal electrode.
Further, described first thickness is 5-2000 nm, and described second thickness is 30-70000 nm.
Another aspect of the present invention, provides a kind of preparation method of the passivation contact structures of selectivity polysilicon membrane, bag Containing following steps:
S1:Wafer Cleaning:
S2:Prepared by Surface Oxygen SiClx:Using thermal oxidation technology, or hot nitric acid oxidation process, or ozonation technology is formed Thickness<The silicon dioxide layer of 2 nm;
S3:Prepared by polysilicon membrane:Using Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition (Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition:) or plasma reinforced chemical vapour deposition method (Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor LPCVD Deposition:PECVD) deposited polycrystalline silicon thin film, the thickness of polysilicon membrane is 30-70000 nm;
S4:The preparation of polysilicon membrane surface mask:Printing mask on above-mentioned polysilicon membrane;
S5:The etching of polysilicon membrane:The polysilicon membrane thickness of no masked areas is thinned to 5- by the method using etching 2000 nm, form first thickness region;
S6:Remove mask layer, the polysilicon membrane region that the lower section of mask layer does not etch is second thickness region;
S7:Prepare electrode:The technology that polysilicon membrane for etching is used above silk screen printing prepares metal electrode, metal electrode It is printed on second thickness region.
Further, in step s3, described polysilicon membrane can be original position doped polycrystalline silicon film or basis Levy polysilicon membrane, if intrinsic polysilicon thin film, then need subsequently to adulterate.
Further, in step s 5, described etching technics is in chemical etching, plasma etching or Mechanical lithography One or more combinations.
Further, in the step s 7, the material of described electrode can be silver paste, aluminium paste, silver-colored aluminium paste, one kind of copper slurry Or multiple combination.
The present invention has the advantages that:
Because most of at present business-like crystal-silicon solar cell prepares electrode using screen printing technique, therefore, by silk screen It is the quick approach realizing passivation contact process industrialization that printing technology and passivation contact technique combine.And current silk screen printing Metal, such as silver paste, deeper in the sintering depth of silicon face, be easy to destroy passivation contact thin film, such as polysilicon membrane, at this The effect of passivation contact will be destroyed in the case of kind.The present invention passes through to design not in Metal contact regions and nonmetallic contact area The polysilicon membrane of stack pile, makes the preparation region of metal electrode have thicker polysilicon membrane, effectively prevent metal The effect of electrode breakages passivation contact;Traditional screen printing technique is enable to be effectively combined one with passivation contact technique Rise.On the other hand, because polysilicon membrane is larger to the absorption of light, if its thickness is too thick will lead to solar cell current loss Excessive, therefore, the polysilicon membrane in the present invention has relatively thin thickness in non-metallic regions, can be effectively prevented solar cell Current loss.To sum up, the present invention is conducive to pushing passivation contact technique to volume production, meanwhile, effectively improves solar cell Efficiency.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of embodiment of the present invention 2-4;
In figure, 1 is silicon substrate;2 is silicon dioxide layer;3 is doped polycrystalline silicon film;3a is the first of doped polycrystalline silicon film Thickness area, 3b is the second thickness region of doped polycrystalline silicon film;4 is metal electrode.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail, with prior art phase in the present invention Same part will be with reference to prior art.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figure 1, the passivation contact structures of the selectivity polysilicon membrane of present invention offer, in the preparation of the surface of crystalline silicon 1 There are layer of silicon dioxide layer 2, the thickness of silicon dioxide layer 2<2 nm, prepare DOPOS doped polycrystalline silicon on the surface of silicon dioxide layer 2 thin Film 3, doped polycrystalline silicon film 3 has different thickness in different regions, specifically, has first in no Metal contact regions Thickness 3a, there being Metal contact regions to have second thickness 3b, and first thickness 3a is less than second thickness 3b, the model of first thickness Enclose for 5-2000 nm, the scope of second thickness is 30-70000 nm;Formed in the second thickness region surface of polysilicon membrane Metal electrode 4.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Fig. 2 the preparation method of the passivation contact structures of the selectivity polysilicon membrane of the present embodiment, comprise to walk as follows Suddenly:
S1:Wafer Cleaning:
S2:Prepared by Surface Oxygen SiClx:The silicon dioxide layer that thickness is 1.5 nm is prepared using thermal oxidation technology;
S3:Prepared by polysilicon membrane:Phosphorus doping or boron doped polycrystalline are deposited using Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition (LPCVD) Silicon thin film, the thickness of this polysilicon membrane is 200 nm;
S4:In this polysilicon membrane surface printing mask;
S5:The etching of polysilicon membrane:Using HF/HNO3 solution etches polysilicon membrane so as to thickness is reduced to 70 nm, shape Become first thickness region;
S6:Remove mask layer, the polysilicon membrane region that the lower section of mask layer does not etch is second thickness region;
S7:Prepare electrode:The technology that polysilicon membrane for etching is used above silk screen printing prepares metal electrode, metal electrode It is printed on second thickness region, metal electrode adopts silver electrode.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Fig. 2 the preparation method of the passivation contact structures of the selectivity polysilicon membrane of the present embodiment, comprise to walk as follows Suddenly:
S1:Wafer Cleaning:
S2:Prepared by Surface Oxygen SiClx:The silicon dioxide layer that thickness is 1.3nm is prepared using hot nitric acid process;
S3:Prepared by polysilicon membrane:Phosphorus doping or boron doped polycrystalline are deposited using Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition (LPCVD) Silicon thin film, the thickness of this polysilicon membrane is 100 nm;
S4:In this polysilicon membrane surface printing mask;
S5:The etching of polysilicon membrane:Using HF/HNO3 solution etches polysilicon membrane so as to thickness is reduced to 50 nm, shape Become first thickness region;
S6:Remove mask layer, the polysilicon membrane region that the lower section of mask layer does not etch is second thickness region;
S7:Prepare electrode:The technology that polysilicon membrane for etching is used above silk screen printing prepares metal electrode, metal electrode It is printed on second thickness region, metal electrode is using silver-colored aluminium electrode.
Embodiment 4
As shown in Fig. 2 the preparation method of the passivation contact structures of the selectivity polysilicon membrane of the present embodiment, comprise to walk as follows Suddenly:
S1:Wafer Cleaning:
S2:Prepared by Surface Oxygen SiClx:The silicon dioxide layer that thickness is 1.2nm is prepared using ozonation technology;
S3:Prepared by polysilicon membrane:Phosphorus doping is deposited using plasma reinforced chemical vapour deposition method (PECVD) or boron is mixed Miscellaneous polysilicon membrane, the thickness of this polysilicon membrane is 100 nm;
S4:In this polysilicon membrane surface printing mask;
S5:The etching of polysilicon membrane:Using Mechanical lithography method etches polycrystalline silicon thin film so as to thickness is reduced to 60nm, shape Become first thickness region;
S6:Remove mask layer, the polysilicon membrane region that the lower section of mask layer does not etch is second thickness region;
S7:Prepare electrode:The technology that polysilicon membrane for etching is used above silk screen printing prepares metal electrode, metal electrode It is printed on second thickness region, metal electrode adopts aluminium electrode.

Claims (6)

1. the passivation contact structures of selectivity polysilicon membrane, have a layer thickness in surface of crystalline silicon preparation<The titanium dioxide of 2 nm Silicon layer, prepares doped polycrystalline silicon film in silicon dioxide layer surface, and described doped polycrystalline silicon film has in no Metal contact regions There is first thickness, there being Metal contact regions to have second thickness, and first thickness is less than second thickness, in polysilicon membrane Second thickness region surface forms metal electrode.
2. selectivity polysilicon membrane according to claim 1 passivation contact structures it is characterised in that:Described first is thick Spend for 5-2000 nm, described second thickness is 30-70000 nm.
3. a kind of method of the passivation contact structures preparing the arbitrary described selectivity polysilicon membrane of claim 1-2, comprises Following steps:
S1:Wafer Cleaning:
S2:Prepared by Surface Oxygen SiClx:Using thermal oxidation technology, or hot nitric acid oxidation process, or ozonation technology is formed Thickness<The silicon dioxide layer of 2 nm;
S3:Prepared by polysilicon membrane:Using Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition (Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition:) or plasma reinforced chemical vapour deposition method (Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor LPCVD Deposition:PECVD) deposited polycrystalline silicon thin film, the thickness of polysilicon membrane is 30-70000 nm;
S4:The preparation of polysilicon membrane surface mask:Printing mask on above-mentioned polysilicon membrane;
S5:The etching of polysilicon membrane:The polysilicon membrane thickness of no masked areas is thinned to 5- by the method using etching 2000 nm, form first thickness region;
S6:Remove mask layer, the polysilicon membrane region that the lower section of mask layer does not etch is second thickness region;
S7:Prepare electrode:The technology that polysilicon membrane for etching is used above silk screen printing prepares metal electrode, metal electrode It is printed on second thickness region.
4. preparation method according to claim 3 it is characterised in that:In step s3, described polysilicon membrane can be Original position doped polycrystalline silicon film or intrinsic polysilicon thin film, if intrinsic polysilicon thin film, then need subsequently to adulterate.
5. preparation method according to claim 3 it is characterised in that:In step s 5, described etching technics is that chemistry is carved One of erosion, plasma etching or Mechanical lithography or multiple combination.
6. preparation method according to claim 3 it is characterised in that:In the step s 7, the material of described electrode can be Or silver paste, aluminium paste, silver-colored aluminium paste, one kind multiple combination of copper slurry.
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CN106876490A (en) * 2017-02-24 2017-06-20 常州天合光能有限公司 N-type crystalline silicon double-side cell of the anti-PID of transformation efficiency high and preparation method thereof
CN107275432A (en) * 2017-08-04 2017-10-20 常州天合光能有限公司 A kind of crystal silicon solar energy battery and preparation method thereof
CN107331733A (en) * 2017-08-02 2017-11-07 浙江晶科能源有限公司 A kind of preparation method of one side polysilicon
CN107644925A (en) * 2017-09-18 2018-01-30 浙江晶科能源有限公司 A kind of preparation method of P-type crystal silicon solar cell
CN108447918A (en) * 2018-03-29 2018-08-24 晶澳(扬州)太阳能科技有限公司 A kind of doped structure and preparation method thereof of passivation contact polysilicon membrane
CN108831953A (en) * 2017-05-04 2018-11-16 上海凯世通半导体股份有限公司 The production method of solar battery
CN108987505A (en) * 2018-07-31 2018-12-11 晶澳(扬州)太阳能科技有限公司 A kind of solar battery and preparation method thereof
CN109494261A (en) * 2018-10-19 2019-03-19 晶澳(扬州)太阳能科技有限公司 Silica-based solar cell and preparation method, photovoltaic module
CN109713082A (en) * 2018-12-29 2019-05-03 浙江晶科能源有限公司 The passivating method of polycrystalline silicon membrane in a kind of solar cell
CN109713065A (en) * 2018-12-28 2019-05-03 泰州中来光电科技有限公司 A kind of passivation solar battery of type metal electrode and preparation method thereof
CN109786475A (en) * 2018-12-27 2019-05-21 苏州腾晖光伏技术有限公司 A kind of p type single crystal silicon battery front side coating structure and preparation method thereof
CN109962126A (en) * 2019-04-29 2019-07-02 浙江晶科能源有限公司 The manufacturing system and method for N-type passivation contact battery
CN110098279A (en) * 2018-01-30 2019-08-06 上海凯世通半导体股份有限公司 The production method of solar battery
CN110581198A (en) * 2019-09-05 2019-12-17 东方日升(常州)新能源有限公司 Local contact passivation solar cell and preparation method thereof
CN110838528A (en) * 2019-10-29 2020-02-25 协鑫集成科技股份有限公司 Post-doped N-type contact passivation battery
CN110931603A (en) * 2019-12-11 2020-03-27 晶澳(扬州)太阳能科技有限公司 Solar cell and preparation method thereof
CN111628052A (en) * 2020-07-13 2020-09-04 苏州腾晖光伏技术有限公司 Preparation method of passivated contact battery
CN112736159A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-04-30 三江学院 Preparation method of selective polycrystalline silicon thickness and doping concentration battery structure
CN112786739A (en) * 2021-01-28 2021-05-11 晶澳太阳能有限公司 Solar cell and preparation method thereof
CN112786738A (en) * 2021-01-28 2021-05-11 晶澳太阳能有限公司 Solar cell and preparation method thereof
CN113471321A (en) * 2021-07-23 2021-10-01 常州时创能源股份有限公司 TOPCon solar cell and manufacturing method thereof
CN114709294A (en) * 2022-05-31 2022-07-05 浙江晶科能源有限公司 Solar cell, preparation method thereof and photovoltaic module
US11450775B2 (en) 2020-11-19 2022-09-20 Jinko Green Energy (shanghai) Management Co., Ltd. Solar cell and method for producing same
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CN106876490B (en) * 2017-02-24 2018-09-11 天合光能股份有限公司 The N-type crystalline silicon double-side cell and preparation method thereof of the high anti-PID of transformation efficiency
CN106876490A (en) * 2017-02-24 2017-06-20 常州天合光能有限公司 N-type crystalline silicon double-side cell of the anti-PID of transformation efficiency high and preparation method thereof
CN108831953A (en) * 2017-05-04 2018-11-16 上海凯世通半导体股份有限公司 The production method of solar battery
CN108831953B (en) * 2017-05-04 2021-04-27 上海凯世通半导体股份有限公司 Manufacturing method of solar cell
CN107331733A (en) * 2017-08-02 2017-11-07 浙江晶科能源有限公司 A kind of preparation method of one side polysilicon
CN107275432A (en) * 2017-08-04 2017-10-20 常州天合光能有限公司 A kind of crystal silicon solar energy battery and preparation method thereof
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CN107644925A (en) * 2017-09-18 2018-01-30 浙江晶科能源有限公司 A kind of preparation method of P-type crystal silicon solar cell
CN110098279A (en) * 2018-01-30 2019-08-06 上海凯世通半导体股份有限公司 The production method of solar battery
CN108447918A (en) * 2018-03-29 2018-08-24 晶澳(扬州)太阳能科技有限公司 A kind of doped structure and preparation method thereof of passivation contact polysilicon membrane
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CN109494261A (en) * 2018-10-19 2019-03-19 晶澳(扬州)太阳能科技有限公司 Silica-based solar cell and preparation method, photovoltaic module
CN109786475B (en) * 2018-12-27 2024-05-28 苏州腾晖光伏技术有限公司 Front surface coating structure of P-type monocrystalline silicon battery and preparation method thereof
CN109786475A (en) * 2018-12-27 2019-05-21 苏州腾晖光伏技术有限公司 A kind of p type single crystal silicon battery front side coating structure and preparation method thereof
CN109713065A (en) * 2018-12-28 2019-05-03 泰州中来光电科技有限公司 A kind of passivation solar battery of type metal electrode and preparation method thereof
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CN109713082A (en) * 2018-12-29 2019-05-03 浙江晶科能源有限公司 The passivating method of polycrystalline silicon membrane in a kind of solar cell
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CN110838528A (en) * 2019-10-29 2020-02-25 协鑫集成科技股份有限公司 Post-doped N-type contact passivation battery
CN110838528B (en) * 2019-10-29 2021-07-06 协鑫集成科技股份有限公司 Post-doped N-type contact passivation battery
CN110931603A (en) * 2019-12-11 2020-03-27 晶澳(扬州)太阳能科技有限公司 Solar cell and preparation method thereof
CN111628052A (en) * 2020-07-13 2020-09-04 苏州腾晖光伏技术有限公司 Preparation method of passivated contact battery
EP4235816A3 (en) * 2020-11-19 2023-10-25 Jinko Green Energy (Shanghai) Management Co., Ltd. Solar cell and method for producing same
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