CN106436352A - 羊毛织物的防毡缩染整工艺 - Google Patents

羊毛织物的防毡缩染整工艺 Download PDF

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CN106436352A
CN106436352A CN201610702876.XA CN201610702876A CN106436352A CN 106436352 A CN106436352 A CN 106436352A CN 201610702876 A CN201610702876 A CN 201610702876A CN 106436352 A CN106436352 A CN 106436352A
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温明华
陶建玉
尹寿虎
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SUZHOU YINGZHULIAN TEXTILE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co.,Ltd.
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Suzhou Hengxin Knitting Printing & Dyeing Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种羊毛织物的防毡缩染整工艺，采用一套系统完整的从染色前处理、低温等离子体处理、超临界二氧化碳分散染色处理工艺、酸性染料二次染色处理工艺到后整理的染整工艺流程，配合针对羊毛织物其特有的性质特制的分散染料以及酸性混合染料组合物，同时利低温等离子体对经过前处理的羊毛织物进行染色前的织物处理，从而提高羊毛织物的防毡缩性能，增加染色的附着力，增加固色效果；该工艺操作简单，织物染色色泽鲜艳，不掉色，有效提高了湿牢度，染色效果佳，均匀不易褪色，工业化程度高，且处理工艺为生态环保染整工艺，节能减排，环保低碳。

Description

羊毛织物的防毡缩染整工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及织物的染整工艺，尤其涉及一种羊毛织物的防毡缩染整工艺。
背景技术
羊毛织物是一种天然纤维织物，羊毛纤维具有优良的性能，具有优良的卷曲和弹性，保暖，舒适，深受消费者喜爱，但是羊毛织物存在颜色不够鲜艳，湿牢度较差以及毡缩性大的问题，这是由于羊毛表面具有紧密的鳞片层，羊毛鳞片的最外层含有一层很薄的疏水层，影响了羊毛表面的润湿性能，阻碍了染料的吸附扩散，从而影响了染料的上染，此外其纤维特性存在着容易毡缩，也给均匀上染带来了困难，此外目前一些媒染染料对羊毛织物进行染色的时候存在环境污染，不能顺应节能减排的大环境的发展趋势，如何改善羊毛的染色性能，提高湿牢度，降低环境污染，一种能解决上述问题的适用于羊毛织物的防毡缩染整工艺值得研究。
发明内容
发明目的：为了解决现有技术所存在的问题，本发明提供了一种节能减排、操作简单、染色效果均匀，提高湿牢度以及降低毡缩性的羊毛织物的防毡缩染整工艺。
技术方案：为达到上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：羊毛织物的防毡缩染整工艺，包括以下步骤：
(1)染色前处理工艺：准备羊毛织物坯布，进行煮呢处理，温度控制在80-90℃，煮呢时间为45-55min后自然降温至室温进行洗呢，加入洗呢用剂组合物，洗呢温度为30-35℃，浴比1:8-1:10，呢速为90-120m/min，压力为4-6kN；洗呢完成后用半湿坯布进行缩呢工艺，pH调节为弱酸性，温度控制在40-50℃，缩呢完成后脱水烘干至八成干；
(2)低温等离子体处理工艺：将经前处理后的羊毛织物进行低温等离子体处理，处理气体为氯气和氮气的混合气体，处理功率为150-200W，具体采用电晕放电等离子体进行处理10s后热水洗3min，再处理5s后冷水洗8min；
(3)超临界二氧化碳分散染色处理工艺：将经过低温等离子体处理后的羊毛织物在超临界二氧化碳分散装置中进行分散染料的染色，投入分散染料组合物，具体以质量计算包括如下组分：分散染料25-35份、低温酶精炼剂6-10份、分散剂6-8份、引发剂5-8份、阳离子附聚物3-5份、冰醋酸2-4份、润湿剂2-4份、表面活性剂5-12份、水160-200份；
(4)酸性染料二次染色处理工艺：将步骤(3)处理后的织物脱水至八成干后进行酸性染料染色35min，浴比1:5-1:10，染色温度维持在85-95℃，投入的酸性染料组合物以质量计包括以下组分：酸性染料35-45份、扩散剂2-5份、羧甲基纤维6-10份、亚磷酸三苯酯3-7份、无机盐4-9份、增溶剂2-4份、稳定剂4-7份、表面活性剂5-12份、水160-200份，冰醋酸调节pH至5-6；
(5)水洗：将步骤(4)染色后的聚酯纤维织物取出，用去离子水水洗4-5次，每次洗涤时间为5-10min；
(6)晾干：将水洗后的织物脱水至7成干，放置于通风阴凉处晾干，温度为25-35℃；
(7)熨整：使用熨斗将晾干后的聚酯纤维织物熨烫平整，定型。
更为优选的，步骤(1)中pH调节为3.5-4.0。
更为优选的，所述步骤(2)中氯气和氮气的混合气体质量比为3:2。
更为优选的，所述步骤(2)中热水洗温度为75-85℃。
更为优选的，所述步骤(2)中冷水洗温度为20-30℃。
更为优选的，所述步骤(3)中分散染料为杂环类分散染料。
更为优选的，所述步骤(3)中分散剂为脂肪酸类分散剂。
更为优选的，步骤(3)中所述引发剂为乳液聚合引发剂。
更为优选的，步骤(4)中所述增溶剂为聚甘油脂肪酸酯与聚氧乙烯蓖麻油质量比为2:3的混合物。
更为优选的，步骤(4)中所述稳定剂为有机锡稳定剂。
有益效果：本发明所提供的羊毛织物的防毡缩染整工艺，采用一套系统完整的从染色前处理、低温等离子体处理、超临界二氧化碳分散染色处理工艺、酸性染料二次染色处理工艺到后整理的染整工艺流程，配合针对羊毛织物其特有的性质特制的分散染料以及酸性混合染料组合物，同时利低温等离子体对经过前处理的羊毛织物进行染色前的织物处理，从而提高羊毛织物的防毡缩性能，增加染色的附着力，增加固色效果；该工艺操作简单，织物染色色泽鲜艳，不掉色，有效提高了湿牢度，染色效果佳，均匀不易褪色，工业化程度高，且处理工艺为生态环保染整工艺，节能减排，环保低碳。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行进一步说明：
实施例1：
一种羊毛织物的防毡缩染整工艺，包括以下步骤：
(1)染色前处理工艺：准备羊毛织物坯布，进行煮呢处理，温度控制在80℃，煮呢时间为45min后自然降温至室温进行洗呢，加入洗呢用剂组合物，洗呢温度为30℃，浴比1:8，呢速为90m/min，压力为4kN；洗呢完成后用半湿坯布进行缩呢工艺，pH调节为调节为3.5，温度控制在40℃，缩呢完成后脱水烘干至八成干；
(2)低温等离子体处理工艺：将经前处理后的羊毛织物进行低温等离子体处理，处理气体为质量比为3:2的氯气和氮气的混合气体，处理功率为150W，具体采用电晕放电等离子体进行处理10s后热水洗3min，再处理5s后冷水洗8min；其中热水洗温度为75℃，冷水洗温度为20℃；
(3)超临界二氧化碳分散染色处理工艺：将经过低温等离子体处理后的羊毛织物在超临界二氧化碳分散装置中进行分散染料的染色，投入分散染料组合物，具体以质量计算包括如下组分：分散染料25份、低温酶精炼剂6份、分散剂6份、引发剂5份、阳离子附聚物3份、冰醋酸2份、润湿剂2份、表面活性剂5份、水160份；其中，分散染料为杂环类分散染料，分散剂为脂肪酸类分散剂，引发剂为乳液聚合引发剂；
(4)酸性染料二次染色处理工艺：将步骤(3)处理后的织物脱水至八成干后进行酸性染料染色35min，浴比1:5，染色温度维持在85℃，投入的酸性染料组合物以质量计包括以下组分：酸性染料35份、扩散剂2份、羧甲基纤维6份、亚磷酸三苯酯3份、无机盐4份、增溶剂2份、稳定剂4份、表面活性剂5份、水160份，冰醋酸调节pH至5；其中，增溶剂为聚甘油脂肪酸酯与聚氧乙烯蓖麻油质量比为2:3的混合物，稳定剂为有机锡稳定剂；
(5)水洗：将步骤(4)染色后的聚酯纤维织物取出，用去离子水水洗5次，每次洗涤时间为5min；
(6)晾干：将水洗后的织物脱水至7成干，放置于通风阴凉处晾干，温度为25℃；
(7)熨整：使用熨斗将晾干后的聚酯纤维织物熨烫平整，定型。
实施例2：
一种羊毛织物的防毡缩染整工艺，包括以下步骤：
(1)染色前处理工艺：准备羊毛织物坯布，进行煮呢处理，温度控制在90℃，煮呢时间为55min后自然降温至室温进行洗呢，加入洗呢用剂组合物，洗呢温度为35℃，浴比1:10，呢速为120m/min，压力为6kN；洗呢完成后用半湿坯布进行缩呢工艺，pH调节为调节为4.0，温度控制在50℃，缩呢完成后脱水烘干至八成干；
(2)低温等离子体处理工艺：将经前处理后的羊毛织物进行低温等离子体处理，处理气体为质量比为3:2的氯气和氮气的混合气体，处理功率为200W，具体采用电晕放电等离子体进行处理10s后热水洗3min，再处理5s后冷水洗8min；其中热水洗温度为85℃，冷水洗温度为30℃；
(3)超临界二氧化碳分散染色处理工艺：将经过低温等离子体处理后的羊毛织物在超临界二氧化碳分散装置中进行分散染料的染色，投入分散染料组合物，具体以质量计算包括如下组分：分散染料35份、低温酶精炼剂10份、分散剂8份、引发剂8份、阳离子附聚物5份、冰醋酸4份、润湿剂4份、表面活性剂12份、水200份；其中，分散染料为杂环类分散染料，分散剂为脂肪酸类分散剂，引发剂为乳液聚合引发剂；
(4)酸性染料二次染色处理工艺：将步骤(3)处理后的织物脱水至八成干后进行酸性染料染色35min，浴比1:10，染色温度维持在95℃，投入的酸性染料组合物以质量计包括以下组分：酸性染料45份、扩散剂5份、羧甲基纤维10份、亚磷酸三苯酯7份、无机盐9份、增溶剂4份、稳定剂7份、表面活性剂12份、水200份，冰醋酸调节pH至6；其中，增溶剂为聚甘油脂肪酸酯与聚氧乙烯蓖麻油质量比为2:3的混合物，稳定剂为有机锡稳定剂；
(5)水洗：将步骤(4)染色后的聚酯纤维织物取出，用去离子水水洗4次，每次洗涤时间为10min；
(6)晾干：将水洗后的织物脱水至7成干，放置于通风阴凉处晾干，温度为35℃；
(7)熨整：使用熨斗将晾干后的聚酯纤维织物熨烫平整，定型。
实施例3：
一种羊毛织物的防毡缩染整工艺，包括以下步骤：
(1)染色前处理工艺：准备羊毛织物坯布，进行煮呢处理，温度控制在85℃，煮呢时间为50min后自然降温至室温进行洗呢，加入洗呢用剂组合物，洗呢温度为33℃，浴比1:9，呢速为105m/min，压力为5kN；洗呢完成后用半湿坯布进行缩呢工艺，pH调节为调节为3.7，温度控制在45℃，缩呢完成后脱水烘干至八成干；
(2)低温等离子体处理工艺：将经前处理后的羊毛织物进行低温等离子体处理，处理气体为质量比为3:2的氯气和氮气的混合气体，处理功率为175W，具体采用电晕放电等离子体进行处理10s后热水洗3min，再处理5s后冷水洗8min；其中热水洗温度为80℃，冷水洗温度为25℃；
(3)超临界二氧化碳分散染色处理工艺：将经过低温等离子体处理后的羊毛织物在超临界二氧化碳分散装置中进行分散染料的染色，投入分散染料组合物，具体以质量计算包括如下组分：分散染料30份、低温酶精炼剂8份、分散剂7份、引发剂7份、阳离子附聚物4份、冰醋酸3份、润湿剂3份、表面活性剂9份、水180份；其中，分散染料为杂环类分散染料，分散剂为脂肪酸类分散剂，引发剂为乳液聚合引发剂；
(4)酸性染料二次染色处理工艺：将步骤(3)处理后的织物脱水至八成干后进行酸性染料染色35min，浴比1:7，染色温度维持在90℃，投入的酸性染料组合物以质量计包括以下组分：酸性染料40份、扩散剂3份、羧甲基纤维8份、亚磷酸三苯酯5份、无机盐6份、增溶剂3份、稳定剂5份、表面活性剂9份、水180份，冰醋酸调节pH至5.5；其中，增溶剂为聚甘油脂肪酸酯与聚氧乙烯蓖麻油质量比为2:3的混合物，稳定剂为有机锡稳定剂；
(5)水洗：将步骤(4)染色后的聚酯纤维织物取出，用去离子水水洗4次，每次洗涤时间为8min；
(6)晾干：将水洗后的织物脱水至7成干，放置于通风阴凉处晾干，温度为30℃；
(7)熨整：使用熨斗将晾干后的聚酯纤维织物熨烫平整，定型。
使用上述实施例1-3的一种羊毛织物的防毡缩染整工艺，明显改善了羊毛织物染色中出现的各种问题，染整工艺良品率提高了25％，且染整后的织物羊毛织物的防毡缩性能增强，染色的附着力增加，该工艺操作简单，织物染色色泽鲜艳，不掉色，有效提高了湿牢度，染色效果佳，均匀不易褪色，工业化程度高，且处理工艺为生态环保染整工艺，节能减排，环保低碳整套染整工艺的能耗降低了30％以上。
应当指出，以上具体实施方式仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围，在阅读了本发明之后，本领域技术人员对本发明的各种等价形式的修改均落于本申请所附权利要求所限定的范围。

Claims (10)

1.羊毛织物的防毡缩染整工艺，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
(1)染色前处理工艺：准备羊毛织物坯布，进行煮呢处理，温度控制在80-90℃，煮呢时间为45-55min后自然降温至室温进行洗呢，加入洗呢用剂组合物，洗呢温度为30-35℃，浴比1:8-1:10，呢速为90-120m/min，压力为4-6kN；洗呢完成后用半湿坯布进行缩呢工艺，pH调节为弱酸性，温度控制在40-50℃，缩呢完成后脱水烘干至八成干；
(2)低温等离子体处理工艺：将经前处理后的羊毛织物进行低温等离子体处理，处理气体为氯气和氮气的混合气体，处理功率为150-200W，具体采用电晕放电等离子体进行处理10s后热水洗3min，再处理5s后冷水洗8min；
(3)超临界二氧化碳分散染色处理工艺：将经过低温等离子体处理后的羊毛织物在超临界二氧化碳分散装置中进行分散染料的染色，投入分散染料组合物，具体以质量计算包括如下组分：分散染料25-35份、低温酶精炼剂6-10份、分散剂6-8份、引发剂5-8份、阳离子附聚物3-5份、冰醋酸2-4份、润湿剂2-4份、表面活性剂5-12份、水160-200份；
(4)酸性染料二次染色处理工艺：将步骤(3)处理后的织物脱水至八成干后进行酸性染料染色35min，浴比1:5-1:10，染色温度维持在85-95℃，投入的酸性染料组合物以质量计包括以下组分：酸性染料35-45份、扩散剂2-5份、羧甲基纤维6-10份、亚磷酸三苯酯3-7份、无机盐4-9份、增溶剂2-4份、稳定剂4-7份、表面活性剂5-12份、水160-200份，冰醋酸调节pH至5-6；
(5)水洗：将步骤(4)染色后的聚酯纤维织物取出，用去离子水水洗4-5次，每次洗涤时间为5-10min；
(6)晾干：将水洗后的织物脱水至7成干，放置于通风阴凉处晾干，温度为25-35℃；
(7)熨整：使用熨斗将晾干后的聚酯纤维织物熨烫平整，定型。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种羊毛织物的防毡缩染整工艺，其特征在于：步骤(1)中pH调节为3.5-4.0。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种羊毛织物的防毡缩染整工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤(2)中氯气和氮气的混合气体质量比为3:2。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种羊毛织物的防毡缩染整工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤(2)中热水洗温度为75-85℃。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种羊毛织物的防毡缩染整工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤(2)中冷水洗温度为20-30℃。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种羊毛织物的防毡缩染整工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤(3)中分散染料为杂环类分散染料。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种羊毛织物的防毡缩染整工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤(3)中分散剂为脂肪酸类分散剂。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种羊毛织物的防毡缩染整工艺，其特征在于：步骤(3)中所述引发剂为乳液聚合引发剂。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种羊毛织物的防毡缩染整工艺，其特征在于：步骤(4)中所述增溶剂为聚甘油脂肪酸酯与聚氧乙烯蓖麻油质量比为2:3的混合物。
10.根据权利要求1所述的一种羊毛织物的防毡缩染整工艺，其特征在于：步骤(4)中所述稳定剂为有机锡稳定剂。
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