CN106435328A - 一种使用寿命较长的耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金 - Google Patents

一种使用寿命较长的耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金 Download PDF

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CN106435328A
CN106435328A CN201610845721.1A CN201610845721A CN106435328A CN 106435328 A CN106435328 A CN 106435328A CN 201610845721 A CN201610845721 A CN 201610845721A CN 106435328 A CN106435328 A CN 106435328A
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种使用寿命较长的耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金，耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金包括以下重量份计的原料：镁100~200份、锌120~150份、铝80~100份、钼60~90份、石蜡100~200份、聚丙烯酸酯40~80份、聚丙烯20~70份、羟基磷灰石10~40份。制备方法：镁、锌、铝、钼、石蜡、聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯、羟基磷灰石混合均匀，熔化；放入模型内，冷却成型；放入NaHCO3‑MgCO3溶液中浸泡18~24h，热处理10~12h。本发明通过放入NaHCO3‑MgCO3溶液中进行热处理后，可以使合金表面生成MgO膜，可以很好的减弱腐蚀速率，延长合金使用寿命。

Description

一种使用寿命较长的耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金
技术领域
本发明涉及生物医药材料领域，尤其涉及一种耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金及其制备方法。
背景技术
生物医用材料又叫做生物材料，分别来自于Biomedical Materials 和Biomaterials的译名。目前国际上两本本学科最主要的学术期刊是英国的《Biomaterials》和美国的《Journal of Biomedical Materials Research》，两个期刊所涉及的内容是相同的，由此可见Biomedical Materials 和Biomaterials两词是指相同的材料。现在给生物医用材料明确的定义：对生物系统的疾病进行诊断、治疗、外科修复、理疗康复、替换生物体组织或器官（人工器官），增进或恢复其功能，而对人体组织不会产生不良影响的材料。生物医用材料本身并不必须是药物，而是通过与生物机体直接结合和相互作用来进行治疗。
镁合金作为生物医用材料，在力学性能，生物相容性和可降解性三方面具有突出的优势。
目前，广泛应用于骨板、骨钉的生物医用材料主要是钛及钛合金、不锈钢及聚乳酸等。但是，这些材料都存在一定的局限性。钛及钛合金、不锈钢等金属材料会发生应力遮挡效应，即将金属材料植入人体后，因其与人骨材料的弹性模量不匹配产生的人骨受力被遮挡效应，会使骨骼强度降低、愈合迟缓。而聚乳酸等高分子材料力学性能差，很难承受较大的负重。因此，需要发展新的骨固定材料，即既要有类似于人骨的力学性能，又要有良好的生物相容性，并且不产生毒性。研究表明镁及镁合金有可能作为新的骨固定材料，因为镁及镁合金有高的比强度和比刚度，纯镁的比强度为133GPa／(g／cm3)，而超高强度镁合金的比强度已达到480 GPa／(g／cm3)，比Ti6A14V的比强度(260 GPa／(g／cm3))高出近1倍。镁及镁合金的杨氏模量约为45GPa，更接近人骨的弹性模量(20GPa)，能有效降低应力遮挡效应。镁与镁合金的密度约为1.7g／cm3，与人骨密度(1.75g／cm3)接近，远低于Ti6A14V的密度(4.47g／cm3)，符合理想接骨板的要求。因而用镁及镁合金作为骨固定材料，能够在骨折愈合的初期提供稳定的力学环境，逐渐而不是突然降低其应力遮挡作用，使骨折部位承受逐步增大乃至生理水平的应力刺激，从而加速愈合，防止局部骨质疏松和再骨折。因此，镁及镁合金作为骨损伤后的固定材料，具有很多优于其他金属生物医用材料的性能。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术的不足，提供一种耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金及其制备方法，耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金腐蚀速率小，使用寿命长。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明采用以下技术方案：
耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金，包括以下重量份计的原料：镁100～200份、锌120～150份、铝80～100份、钼60～90份、石蜡100～200份、聚丙烯酸酯40～80份、聚丙烯20～70份、羟基磷灰石10～40份。
作为对本发明的进一步改进，耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金，包括以下重量份计的原料：镁150份、锌130份、铝90份、钼70份、石蜡150份、聚丙烯酸酯60份、聚丙烯50份、羟基磷灰石20份。
作为对本发明的进一步改进，石蜡为聚乙烯蜡，分子量为2000～4000。
作为对本发明的进一步改进，羟基磷灰石的粒径大小为100～200μm。
本发明还提供了一种耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金的制备方法。
一种耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金的制备方法，包括以下步骤：镁、锌、铝、钼、石蜡、聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯、羟基磷灰石混合均匀，熔化；放入模型内，冷却成型；放入NaHCO3-MgCO3溶液中浸泡18～24h，热处理10～12h。
作为对本发明的进一步改进，热处理温度为773K。
NaHCO3-MgCO3溶液的质量浓度为10~20%。
有益效果：本发明通过放入NaHCO3-MgCO3溶液中进行热处理后，可以使合金表面生成MgO膜，经测量，膜厚在22～23μm之间，所以经热处理后的合金表面的MgO膜可以很好的减弱腐蚀速率，延长合金使用寿命。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1
耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金，包括以下重量份计的原料：镁150份、锌130份、铝90份、钼70份、石蜡150份、聚丙烯酸酯60份、聚丙烯50份、羟基磷灰石20份。
石蜡为聚乙烯蜡，分子量为3000。
羟基磷灰石的粒径大小为150μm。
一种耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金的制备方法，包括以下步骤：镁、锌、铝、钼、石蜡、聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯、羟基磷灰石混合均匀，熔化；放入模型内，冷却成型；放入NaHCO3-MgCO3溶液中浸泡20h，热处理11h。
热处理温度为773K。
实施例2
耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金，包括以下重量份计的原料：镁100份、锌120份、铝80份、钼60份、石蜡100份、聚丙烯酸酯40份、聚丙烯20份、羟基磷灰石10份。
石蜡为聚乙烯蜡，分子量为2000。
羟基磷灰石的粒径大小为100μm。
一种耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金的制备方法，包括以下步骤：镁、锌、铝、钼、石蜡、聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯、羟基磷灰石混合均匀，熔化；放入模型内，冷却成型；放入NaHCO3-MgCO3溶液中浸泡18h，热处理10h。
热处理温度为773K。
实施例3
耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金，包括以下重量份计的原料：镁200份、锌150份、铝100份、钼90份、石蜡200份、聚丙烯酸酯80份、聚丙烯70份、羟基磷灰石40份。
石蜡为聚乙烯蜡，分子量为4000。
羟基磷灰石的粒径大小为200μm。
一种耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金的制备方法，包括以下步骤：镁、锌、铝、钼、石蜡、聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯、羟基磷灰石混合均匀，熔化；放入模型内，冷却成型；放入NaHCO3-MgCO3溶液中浸泡24h，热处理12h。
热处理温度为773K。
实施例4
耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金，包括以下重量份计的原料：镁120份、锌130份、铝85份、钼70份、石蜡120份、聚丙烯酸酯50份、聚丙烯30份、羟基磷灰石20份。
石蜡为聚乙烯蜡，分子量为2500。
羟基磷灰石的粒径大小为120μm。
一种耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金的制备方法，包括以下步骤：镁、锌、铝、钼、石蜡、聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯、羟基磷灰石混合均匀，熔化；放入模型内，冷却成型；放入NaHCO3-MgCO3溶液中浸泡22h，热处理11h。
热处理温度为773K。
对比例1
与实施例1相同，不同在于：省略放入NaHCO3-MgCO3溶液进行热处理的步骤。
性能测试
测定实施例和对比例的产品性能，结果见表1。试验条件：30℃，0.05%盐酸溶液。
表1
结论：通过放入NaHCO3-MgCO3溶液中进行热处理后的合金的腐蚀速率在23～26μm/a，而未经处理的合金的腐蚀速率为56μm/a，这是因为通过这样的热处理，可以使合金表面生成MgO膜，经测量，膜厚在22～23μm之间，所以经热处理后的合金表面的MgO膜可以很好的减弱腐蚀速率，延长合金使用寿命。

Claims (1)

1.耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金，其特征在于，包括以下重量份计的原料：包括以下重量份计的原料：镁150份、锌130份、铝90份、钼70份、石蜡150份、聚丙烯酸酯60份、聚丙烯50份、羟基磷灰石20份；
所述的耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金的制备方法，包括以下步骤：镁、锌、铝、钼、石蜡、聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯、羟基磷灰石混合均匀，熔化；放入模型内，冷却成型；放入NaHCO3-MgCO3溶液中浸泡18～24h，热处理10～12h；
石蜡为聚乙烯蜡，分子量为2000～4000；
羟基磷灰石的粒径大小为100～200μm。
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