CN106244891A - 使用寿命较长的耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金的制备方法 - Google Patents

使用寿命较长的耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106244891A
CN106244891A CN201610845762.0A CN201610845762A CN106244891A CN 106244891 A CN106244891 A CN 106244891A CN 201610845762 A CN201610845762 A CN 201610845762A CN 106244891 A CN106244891 A CN 106244891A
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种使用寿命较长的耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金的制备方法，耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金包括以下重量份计的原料：镁100~200份、锌120~150份、铝80~100份、钼60~90份、石蜡100~200份、聚丙烯酸酯40~80份、聚丙烯20~70份、羟基磷灰石10~40份。制备方法：镁、锌、铝、钼、石蜡、聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯、羟基磷灰石混合均匀，熔化；放入模型内，冷却成型；放入NaHCO3‑MgCO3溶液中浸泡18~24h，热处理10~12h。本发明通过放入NaHCO3‑MgCO3溶液中进行热处理后，可以使合金表面生成MgO膜，可以很好的减弱腐蚀速率，延长合金使用寿命。

Description

使用寿命较长的耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及生物医药材料领域，尤其涉及一种耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金及其制备方法。
背景技术
生物医用材料又叫做生物材料，分别来自于Biomedical Materials 和Biomaterials的译名。目前国际上两本本学科最主要的学术期刊是英国的《Biomaterials》和美国的《Journal of Biomedical Materials Research》，两个期刊所涉及的内容是相同的，由此可见Biomedical Materials 和Biomaterials两词是指相同的材料。现在给生物医用材料明确的定义：对生物系统的疾病进行诊断、治疗、外科修复、理疗康复、替换生物体组织或器官（人工器官），增进或恢复其功能，而对人体组织不会产生不良影响的材料。生物医用材料本身并不必须是药物，而是通过与生物机体直接结合和相互作用来进行治疗。
镁合金作为生物医用材料，在力学性能，生物相容性和可降解性三方面具有突出的优势。
目前，广泛应用于骨板、骨钉的生物医用材料主要是钛及钛合金、不锈钢及聚乳酸等。但是，这些材料都存在一定的局限性。钛及钛合金、不锈钢等金属材料会发生应力遮挡效应，即将金属材料植入人体后，因其与人骨材料的弹性模量不匹配产生的人骨受力被遮挡效应，会使骨骼强度降低、愈合迟缓。而聚乳酸等高分子材料力学性能差，很难承受较大的负重。因此，需要发展新的骨固定材料，即既要有类似于人骨的力学性能，又要有良好的生物相容性，并且不产生毒性。研究表明镁及镁合金有可能作为新的骨固定材料，因为镁及镁合金有高的比强度和比刚度，纯镁的比强度为133GPa／(g／cm3)，而超高强度镁合金的比强度已达到480 GPa／(g／cm3)，比Ti6A14V的比强度(260 GPa／(g／cm3))高出近1倍。镁及镁合金的杨氏模量约为45GPa，更接近人骨的弹性模量(20GPa)，能有效降低应力遮挡效应。镁与镁合金的密度约为1.7g／cm3，与人骨密度(1.75g／cm3)接近，远低于Ti6A14V的密度(4.47g／cm3)，符合理想接骨板的要求。因而用镁及镁合金作为骨固定材料，能够在骨折愈合的初期提供稳定的力学环境，逐渐而不是突然降低其应力遮挡作用，使骨折部位承受逐步增大乃至生理水平的应力刺激，从而加速愈合，防止局部骨质疏松和再骨折。因此，镁及镁合金作为骨损伤后的固定材料，具有很多优于其他金属生物医用材料的性能。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术的不足，提供一种耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金及其制备方法，耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金腐蚀速率小，使用寿命长。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明采用以下技术方案：
耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金，包括以下重量份计的原料：镁100～200份、锌120～150份、铝80～100份、钼60～90份、石蜡100～200份、聚丙烯酸酯40～80份、聚丙烯20～70份、羟基磷灰石10～40份。
作为对本发明的进一步改进，耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金，包括以下重量份计的原料：镁150份、锌130份、铝90份、钼70份、石蜡150份、聚丙烯酸酯60份、聚丙烯50份、羟基磷灰石20份。
作为对本发明的进一步改进，石蜡为聚乙烯蜡，分子量为2000～4000。
作为对本发明的进一步改进，羟基磷灰石的粒径大小为100～200μm。
本发明还提供了一种耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金的制备方法。
一种耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金的制备方法，包括以下步骤：镁、锌、铝、钼、石蜡、聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯、羟基磷灰石混合均匀，熔化；放入模型内，冷却成型；放入NaHCO3-MgCO3溶液中浸泡18～24h，热处理10～12h。
作为对本发明的进一步改进，热处理温度为773K。
NaHCO3-MgCO3溶液的质量浓度为10~20%。
有益效果：本发明通过放入NaHCO3-MgCO3溶液中进行热处理后，可以使合金表面生成MgO膜，经测量，膜厚在22～23μm之间，所以经热处理后的合金表面的MgO膜可以很好的减弱腐蚀速率，延长合金使用寿命。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1
耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金，包括以下重量份计的原料：镁150份、锌130份、铝90份、钼70份、石蜡150份、聚丙烯酸酯60份、聚丙烯50份、羟基磷灰石20份。
石蜡为聚乙烯蜡，分子量为3000。
羟基磷灰石的粒径大小为150μm。
一种耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金的制备方法，包括以下步骤：镁、锌、铝、钼、石蜡、聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯、羟基磷灰石混合均匀，熔化；放入模型内，冷却成型；放入NaHCO3-MgCO3溶液中浸泡20h，热处理11h。
热处理温度为773K。
实施例2
耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金，包括以下重量份计的原料：镁100份、锌120份、铝80份、钼60份、石蜡100份、聚丙烯酸酯40份、聚丙烯20份、羟基磷灰石10份。
石蜡为聚乙烯蜡，分子量为2000。
羟基磷灰石的粒径大小为100μm。
一种耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金的制备方法，包括以下步骤：镁、锌、铝、钼、石蜡、聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯、羟基磷灰石混合均匀，熔化；放入模型内，冷却成型；放入NaHCO3-MgCO3溶液中浸泡18h，热处理10h。
热处理温度为773K。
实施例3
耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金，包括以下重量份计的原料：镁200份、锌150份、铝100份、钼90份、石蜡200份、聚丙烯酸酯80份、聚丙烯70份、羟基磷灰石40份。
石蜡为聚乙烯蜡，分子量为4000。
羟基磷灰石的粒径大小为200μm。
一种耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金的制备方法，包括以下步骤：镁、锌、铝、钼、石蜡、聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯、羟基磷灰石混合均匀，熔化；放入模型内，冷却成型；放入NaHCO3-MgCO3溶液中浸泡24h，热处理12h。
热处理温度为773K。
实施例4
耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金，包括以下重量份计的原料：镁120份、锌130份、铝85份、钼70份、石蜡120份、聚丙烯酸酯50份、聚丙烯30份、羟基磷灰石20份。
石蜡为聚乙烯蜡，分子量为2500。
羟基磷灰石的粒径大小为120μm。
一种耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金的制备方法，包括以下步骤：镁、锌、铝、钼、石蜡、聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯、羟基磷灰石混合均匀，熔化；放入模型内，冷却成型；放入NaHCO3-MgCO3溶液中浸泡22h，热处理11h。
热处理温度为773K。
对比例1
与实施例1相同，不同在于：省略放入NaHCO3-MgCO3溶液进行热处理的步骤。
性能测试
测定实施例和对比例的产品性能，结果见表1。试验条件：30℃，0.05%盐酸溶液。
表1
结论：通过放入NaHCO3-MgCO3溶液中进行热处理后的合金的腐蚀速率在23～26μm/a，而未经处理的合金的腐蚀速率为56μm/a，这是因为通过这样的热处理，可以使合金表面生成MgO膜，经测量，膜厚在22～23μm之间，所以经热处理后的合金表面的MgO膜可以很好的减弱腐蚀速率，延长合金使用寿命。

Claims (1)

1.耐腐蚀生物医用镁合金的制备方法，其特征在于，该镁合金包括以下重量份计的原料：包括以下重量份计的原料：镁150份、锌130份、铝90份、钼70份、石蜡150份、聚丙烯酸酯60份、聚丙烯50份、羟基磷灰石20份；
所述的制备方法，包括以下步骤：镁、锌、铝、钼、石蜡、聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯、羟基磷灰石混合均匀，熔化；放入模型内，冷却成型；放入NaHCO3-MgCO3溶液中浸泡18～24h，热处理10～12h；
石蜡为聚乙烯蜡，分子量为2000～4000。
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