CN106421491A - 一种山芝麻降血糖口服液的配方及制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种山芝麻降血糖保健口服液及其制备方法，该口服液是由山芝麻、白背三七、桑叶、玉米须、枸杞、绿茶为原料，利用各物质的活性成分山芝麻多糖、白背三七多糖、桑叶多糖、玉米须总皂甙、枸杞多糖、茶多酚的综合功能。本发明的口服液系纯中药产品，配方科学，各原料取长补短，降血糖效果更加明显，同时能有效预防或延缓糖尿病患者的并发症。本发明提供的一种降血糖的保健口服液，配方极好的发挥了中药材的特性，无任何毒副作用，服用方便，价格低廉，能够在保护肝肾的情况下降血糖，适合高血糖患者使用，且制备方法简单，适合规模化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及保健食品技术领域，尤其涉及一种辅助降血糖口服液配方及制备方法，具体地涉及一种山芝麻降血糖口服液及其制备方法。
背景技术
空腹血糖正常值在6.1mmol/L以下，餐后两小时血糖的正常值在7.8mmol/L以下，如果高于这一范围，称为高血糖。高血糖是在遗传和环境因素相互作用下，由于胰岛素分泌缺乏和(或)其生物作用障碍导致糖代谢紊乱的代谢性疾病。长期高血糖会使全身各个组织器官发生病变，导致急慢性并发症的发生，如失水、电解质紊乱、营养缺乏、抵抗力下降、肾功能受损、神经病变、眼底病变、心脑血管疾病、糖尿病足等。据国际糖尿病联合会统计，2013年全球约有3.82亿成年人患有糖尿病，其中中国的糖尿病患者人数居全球之首，调查统计人数为1.14亿。国际糖尿病联合会估计，到2030年中国糖尿病患者将增加4000多万，达到1.54亿人。因此，糖尿病及其并发症已成为严重威胁人类健康的世界性公共卫生问题。
在糖尿病治疗方面，目前糖尿病并不能根治，通过口服降糖药物和注射胰岛素的方法来控制血糖。西药降糖效果突出，但长期服用西药会导致不良反应，如低血糖、高渗性昏迷、乳酸酸中毒，严重心脑血管并发症等。而天然植物中的多糖、皂苷、黄酮类物质也具有降血糖功效，这些天然植物不仅毒副作用小，而且有些药物同时具有降血脂、调节内分泌、提高免疫力等作用。因此，从天然产物药用植物(中草药)中发掘和开发既能有效降血糖又能提高机体免疫力的服用方便的降血糖口服液具有重要的意义和广阔。
发明内容
发明目的：为解决现有技术中存在的技术问题，本发明的目的之一在于利用山芝麻、桑叶、白背三七、玉米须、枸杞和绿茶的有效活性成分的综合药理功能，提供一种更加有效地降血糖的山芝麻降血糖口服液，配方合理，服用方便，综合治疗糖尿病，并预防或延缓其并发症的发生，同时在滋阴壮阳、护肝胆明目、降血压和延缓衰老等方面具有显著功效，该降血糖口服液制备方法简便，安全无毒，价格低廉，从原材料到产品的每一步质量可控，适合规模化生产。
本发明的目的之二在于提供上述山芝麻降血糖保健口服液的制备方法，通过采用超声水提法提取其活性成分，提高了提取率，简便易行。采用除菌密封包装，避免了活性成分的降解和防腐剂的使用，完全属于绿色产品。
为了实现上述目的，本发明山芝麻降血糖口服液包括如下重量份数的组分：山芝麻25-35份、桑叶15-25份、玉米须15-25份、白背三七5-15份、枸杞子5-15份和绿茶5-15份。
优选地，所述山芝麻降血糖口服液包括如下重量份数的组分：山芝麻30份、桑叶20份、玉米须20份、白背三七10份、枸杞10份和绿茶10份。
本发明进一步提出了上述山芝麻降血糖口服液的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)称取配方量的山芝麻、桑叶、玉米须、白背三七、枸杞、绿茶，水洗若干次，放入干燥箱中烘干，得到干燥后的原料；
(2)将干燥后的原料转移至灭菌锅灭菌，然后将灭菌处理后的原料粉碎混合均匀，得到混合粉末；
(3)加你混合粉末与蒸馏水按料液比1：20g/mL，浸泡4～5小时；60～80℃恒温提取，提取两次，每次40～60min，过滤后将滤液用离心机离心；再通过旋转蒸发仪旋转浓缩，得到料液比为1∶5～1∶8g/mL的浓缩液；
(4)将步骤(3)的浓缩液用滤膜除菌、分装，即得山芝麻降血糖口服液。
优选地，所述的灭菌条件为在150～180℃条件下灭菌2～3小时。
步骤(2)中，原料粉碎至粒度为100目以上。
步骤(3)中，提取采用超声方法提取。
本发明的贮藏方法：由于植物药的活性成分在紫外线和高温长期作用下会有降解或变性，因此生产、贮存过程中要注意避免短波光和高温的作用，宜采用滤膜除菌和棕色环保玻璃瓶分装。
本发明的使用方法：可直接饮用或50℃温开水加热后服用。
本发明服用注意事项：不适合低血糖患者、儿童及孕妇；服用时忌酒精、高糖类食物。
本发明具有制备方法简单、服用方便、价格低廉的特点，适合规模化生产。
本发明对α-葡萄糖苷酶的平均抑制率达51.23％，有降血糖功效。
本发明配方中的各个原料的功效简介如下：
山芝麻：具有解表清热、消暑解毒的功效。山芝麻根含黄酮类、酚类和多糖，有降血糖、降血脂、抗氧化，提高机体免疫力的功能，还可利尿抗菌。
桑叶：具有清肺润燥、止咳化痰；清肝明目、治疗头晕眼花、失眠、消除眼部疲劳；预防心肌梗塞、脑溢血。桑叶的主要活性成分有黄酮类、生物碱、植物 甾醇和桑叶多糖，具有抗凝血、降血压、降血糖、降血脂等功效。现代中、西医把桑叶和桑叶生物制剂作为改善糖尿病及其他各种疑难杂症的药物。
白背三七：具有降血糖、清热凉血；活血止痛；止血功效。在民间用于治疗支气管炎，肺结核，崩漏痈肿，烫伤；跌打损仿，刀伤出血。白背三七中多糖物质对降血糖、降血脂的效果较为突出。
玉米须：性平、味甘，无毒副作用，可以长期食用。玉米须中含多种对人体有益的化学成分，如多糖类、生物碱类、黄酮类、皂苷类、甾醇类、挥发性物质、氨基酸、微量元素及多种维生素等，有利尿、消肿、清热、降血糖、降血压、增强免疫、抗癌等功效。研究发现玉米须总皂甙是降低糖尿病病人血糖的主要活性成分。玉米须中还含有铬，铬是糖耐量因子的组成部分，可以加强胰岛素功能。玉米须中黄酮类物质的含量是玉米粒的15倍，其可以减少自由基的产生并清除自由基，具有很好的抗氧化能力，且玉米须水提取物清除自由基的能力高于大豆异黄酮，可以预防糖尿病并发症。
枸杞：主要含有枸杞多糖和黄酮类两大活性成分，此外还含有多种维生素和氨基酸以及胡萝卜素、玉米黄素等成分，具有滋肝补肾、益精明目、生津止渴、阴阳并补之功效，还可降血压、降血糖、降血脂、抗肿瘤、提高人体免疫力以及延缓衰老，是一种传统滋补品，对脂肪肝和糖尿病患者具有一定的疗效，在中国及亚洲其他地区享有很高的声誉。
绿茶：含有茶多酚、儿茶素、叶绿素、咖啡碱、氨基酸、维生素等营养成分，其中具有药理作用的主要成份是茶多酚、咖啡碱、脂多糖、茶氨酸等，具有防衰老、防癌、抗癌、杀菌、消炎等功效。研究发现，绿茶中既含有能促进胰岛素作用的物质，又含有能除去血液中过多糖分的多糖类物质，有明显的降血糖功效。
本发明的药物临床使用结果表明：利用山芝麻、桑叶、白背三七、玉米须、枸杞子、绿茶降血糖的主要活性部位的综合作用降低血糖，比用山芝麻、桑叶制备的提取液降血糖效果显著，而且本发明口感好，苦涩味小，本发明是糖尿病患者降血糖的保健佳品。经动物急性毒性实验表明被试验动物小鼠未见任何毒性反应，其主要脏器也无明显的改变，药物安全可靠，无毒副作用。
另外本发明遵循中医辨证治疗的原则，其中富含植物多糖、黄酮类、皂苷、维生素、氨基酸以及多种微量元素等，利于人体吸收，具有滋阴壮阳，提高免疫力，延缓衰老。
附图说明
图1为本发明山芝麻降血糖口服液的制备流程示意图。
具体实施方式
下述实施例中的配方中选用的市售的东南亚山芝麻、产自江苏的桑叶、产自广东的白背三七、产自河南的玉米须、产自宁夏的枸杞、产自浙江的绿茶，粉碎后的粒度为100目。
其中，下述实施例中涉及的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制率的测定方法如下：
(1)溶液配制：67mmol/mL pH为6.8的磷酸盐缓冲溶液、1u/mL α-葡萄糖苷酶、3mmol/L的谷胱甘肽溶液、0.1mol/L的碳酸钠溶液、10mmol/L PNPG溶液；
(2)将1mL样品溶液加入到体积为2mL，浓度为67mmol/mL，pH为6.8的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中，再加入0.1mL 3mmol/L的谷胱甘肽溶液，以加入0.25mL，浓度为10mmol/L PNPG溶液起始反应；
(3)反应在37℃条件下进行20min后，加入2mL 0.1mol/L的碳酸钠溶液终止反应；
(4)用分光光度计测定样品在400nm处的吸光度，记为Ai；用缓冲溶液代替酶液和样品液作空白，测定的吸光度记为A0；用缓冲液代替酶溶液作样品对照，记为Ac1；用缓冲液代替样品测定的吸光度记为Ac2。
实施例1
本实施例口服液由山芝麻30份、桑叶20份、玉米须20份、白背三七10份、枸杞10份和绿茶10份。参照上述测定方法，口服液对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制率达51.23％。
其制备方法如下(如图1所示)：称取配方量的山芝麻、桑叶、玉米须、白背三七、枸杞子、绿茶水洗三次，放入干燥箱中烘干(约24小时)，再转移至灭菌锅中，在180℃条件下灭菌2小时。将处理后的原料粉碎后混合均匀，并于50℃条件下超声提取45min。过滤后将滤液用离心机离心；再通过旋转蒸发仪旋转浓缩，得到料液比为5∶1的浓缩液，浓缩液用滤膜除菌、分装，每瓶口服液的体积为10mL。
实施例2
本实施案例口服液由山芝麻30份、桑叶70份。参照上述测定方法，口服液对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制率达35.45％。
其制备方法如下：称取配方量的山芝麻、桑叶水洗三次，放入干燥箱中烘干(约24小时)，再转移至灭菌锅中，在180℃条件下灭菌2小时。将处理后的原料粉碎后混合均匀，并于50℃条件下超声提取45min。过滤后将滤液用离心机离心；再通过旋转蒸发仪旋转浓缩，得到料液比为5∶1的浓缩液，浓缩液用滤膜除菌、分装，每瓶口服液的体积为10mL。
从本实例可以看出，仅含有山芝麻和桑叶的口服液抑制率较复合口服液有所降低，而且其口味偏苦，很多人难以接受，所以本降血糖口服液不仅口感较好，而且有助于控制血糖。
实施例3
本实施例口服液由山芝麻30份、桑叶30份、枸杞20份、绿茶20份。参照上述测定方法，口服液对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制率达37.72％。
其制备方法如下：称取配方量的山芝麻、桑叶、枸杞、绿茶水洗三次，放入干燥箱中烘干(约24小时)，再转移至灭菌锅中，在180℃条件下灭菌2小时。将处理后的原料粉碎后混合均匀，并于50℃条件下超声提取45min。过滤后将滤液用离心机离心；再通过旋转蒸发仪旋转浓缩，得到料液比为5∶1的浓缩液，浓缩液用滤膜除菌、分装，每瓶口服液的体积为10mL。
从本实例可以看出，加入枸杞和绿茶后口感有很大改善，苦涩味消失，但是本实例口服液的降血糖效果不如复合口服液。所以本发明的降血糖口服液不仅口感较好，而且有助于控制血糖。
实施例4
本实施例口服液由山芝麻20份、桑叶20份、白背三七20份、枸杞20份、绿茶20份。参照上述测定方法，口服液对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制率达49.72％。
其制备方法如下：称取配方量的山芝麻、桑叶、白背三七、枸杞、绿茶水洗三次，放入干燥箱中烘干(约24小时)，再转移至灭菌锅中，在180℃条件下灭菌2小时。将处理后的原料粉碎后混合均匀，并于50℃条件下超声提取45min。过滤后将滤液用离心机离心；再通过旋转蒸发仪旋转浓缩，得到料液比为5∶1的浓缩液，浓缩液用滤膜除菌、分装，每瓶口服液的体积为10mL。
从本实例可以看出，加入白背三七并调整各原料比例后，降血糖效果与本发明的口服液相当，但是复合口服液中的玉米须含有铬，可加强胰岛素功能。所以本发明的降血糖口服液更有益于糖尿病患者。
综上所述，本发明的口服液系纯中药产品，配方科学，各原料取长补短，降血糖效果更加明显，同时能有效预防或延缓糖尿病患者的并发症。本发明提供的一种降血糖的保健口服液，配方极好的发挥了中药材的特性，无任何毒副作用，服用方便，价格低廉，能够在保护肝肾的情况下降血糖，适合高血糖患者使用，且制备方法简单，适合规模化生产。
Claims (6)
1.一种山芝麻降血糖口服液，其特征在于，其包括如下重量份数的组分：山芝麻25-35份、桑叶15-25份、玉米须15-25份、白背三七5-15份、枸杞子5-15份和绿茶5-15份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的山芝麻降血糖口服液，其特征在于，其包括如下重量份数的组分：山芝麻30份、桑叶20份、玉米须20份、白背三七10份、枸杞10份和绿茶10份。
3.权利要求1所述的山芝麻降血糖口服液的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
(1)称取配方量的山芝麻、桑叶、玉米须、白背三七、枸杞、绿茶，水洗若干次，放入干燥箱中烘干，得到干燥后的原料；
(2)将干燥后的原料转移至灭菌锅灭菌，然后将灭菌处理后的原料粉碎混合均匀，得到混合粉末；
(3)将混合粉末与蒸馏水按料液比1∶20g/mL，浸泡4～5小时；60-80℃恒温提取，提取两次，每次40～60min，过滤后将滤液用离心机离心；再通过旋转蒸发仪旋转浓缩，得到料液比为1∶5～1∶8g/mL的浓缩液；
(4)将步骤(3)的浓缩液用滤膜除菌、分装，即得山芝麻降血糖口服液。
4.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的灭菌条件为在150～180℃条件下灭菌2～3小时。
5.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中，原料粉碎至粒度为100目以上。
6.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)中，提取采用超声方法提取。
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| CN109288054A (zh) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-02-01 | 盐城康林达生物科技有限公司 | 一种降血糖口服液及其制备方法 |
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