CN106416696A - Field flue-cured tobacco seedling supplementing method - Google Patents
Field flue-cured tobacco seedling supplementing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106416696A CN106416696A CN201610840323.0A CN201610840323A CN106416696A CN 106416696 A CN106416696 A CN 106416696A CN 201610840323 A CN201610840323 A CN 201610840323A CN 106416696 A CN106416696 A CN 106416696A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/16—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using chemical substances
- A61L2/18—Liquid substances or solutions comprising solids or dissolved gases
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Abstract
The invention relates to a field flue-cured tobacco seedling supplementing method. The method comprises the steps of seedling breeding soil preparation, dosing, cultivation, fertilization, transplanting and the like. Compared with a traditional seedling supplementing method, the field tobacco seedling survival rate of the seedling supplementing method is increased by 10% or above; the field tobacco seedling infective rate is lowered by 53.8% or above; the yield per unit area is increased by 4.9% or above, and the output value is increased by 6.8% or above. According to the field flue-cured tobacco seedling supplementing method, the tobacco plant field uniformity can be improved, the tobacco supplementing seedlings are basically close to existing field tobacco plants in growth vigor and development process and are not much different from the existing tobacco plants in a top-cutting period, and the field tobacco plants are basically the same in growth vigor.
Description
【Technical field】
The invention belongs to tobacco seedlings planting technology field.The method more particularly it relates to an land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco is filled the gaps with seedlings.
【Background technology】
After flue-cured tobacco transplanting, usually cause, because of disease, subterranean pest-insect harm, the reasons such as deficiency of watering, disconnected ridge phenomenon of being short of seedling.
Therefore, it is necessary to fill the gaps with seedlings.Mend the growth and development state of tobacco seedlings after but and far lag behind normal cigarette strain breeding time, it is impossible to greatly
The normal cigarette strain Huang Cheng that simultaneously falls in field is ripe.This influences whether flue-cured tobacco yield per unit area and inherent quality so that tobacco planting benefit
Decline.
The tradition method of filling the gaps with seedlings is after flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops is integrally transplanted and terminated, in the seedling growth greenhouse (band fly net) in nursery place
The 5-10% according to transplanting quantity for the tobacco seedlings will be remained as standby seedling.Tobacco seedlings continues naturally to grow in seedlings nursing plate, low level management,
Do not apply fertilizer, do not spray insecticide.When flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops seedling death phenomenon occurs because of disease, insect pest or arid, directly take from nursery place
Tobacco seedlings, pulls out dead seedling to field, changes new talent and waters water seal cave.The fill the gaps with seedlings shortcoming of method of this tradition is survival rate of filling the gaps with seedlings
Low, typically about about 90%.Candidate tobacco seedlings tobacco stem lignifying is serious, and blade is little, and plant height is short；After filling the gaps with seedlings, rear benefit cigarette strain growing way
It is significantly smaller than original cigarette strain；Breeding time, process substantially lagged behind field original cigarette strain, therefore significantly affected quality of tobacco and yield.
Therefore, the present inventor is on the basis summing up prior art, by a large amount of practices and analysis and summary, finally completes
The present invention.
【Content of the invention】
[solving the technical problem that]
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco to fill the gaps with seedlings method.
[technical scheme]
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
The present invention relates to a kind of land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco to fill the gaps with seedlings method.
The step of this method of filling the gaps with seedlings is as follows：
A, nursery soil prepare
Select with stubble collocation kind before and after wheat-flue-cured tobacco, green manure-flue-cured tobacco, barley-flue-cured tobacco, rape-flue-cured tobacco or winter slack-flue-cured tobacco
Plant place soil to fill the gaps with seedlings original soil as flue-cured tobacco, and use lime to regulate the pH value of flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating soil to 6.5～7.5；
B, dispensing
It is 0.8～1.0 according to the fill the gaps with seedlings weight ratio of original soil of the flue-cured tobacco with regulation pH for the oil cake that becomes thoroughly decomposed：100, oil cake of becoming thoroughly decomposed with
The flue-cured tobacco original soil of filling the gaps with seedlings of regulation pH is puddled uniformly, obtains flue-cured tobacco and fills the gaps with seedlings soil；
C, cultivation
It is 0.8～1.2 according to the fill the gaps with seedlings weight ratio of soil of river sand and flue-cured tobacco：10, the flue-cured tobacco obtaining river sand and step B is mended
Seedling soil is puddled uniformly, obtains flue-cured tobacco containing river sand and fills the gaps with seedlings soil；Then according to 2.5～3.5kg/ basin loadings flue-cured tobacco containing river sand
Soil of filling the gaps with seedlings installs in disposable plastic basin, and the cured tobacco seedling selecting neat and consistent is transplanted in this soil, then will be whole
Plastic tub is transferred in the seedling growth greenhouse with fly net, waters and determines root water；
D, fertilising
Special compound fertilizer for tobacco is soluble in water, and the addition according still further to 3～5 grams/basin Special compound fertilizer for tobacco is watered
In the plastic tub transplanting cured tobacco seedling in step C；Then according to conventional cured tobacco seedling seedling management method is watered, keep plastics
Ground moistening in basin, carries out prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control management simultaneously, just obtains for baking that land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco is filled the gaps with seedlings through a period of time growth
Tobacco seedlings；
E, transplanting
Flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops because ofDiseaseOccur seedling death phenomenon when, around checkmate cigarette strain and root system thereof, centered on cigarette strain directly
Soil within footpath 20cm and degree of depth 20cm digs out, formed one for the cigarette cave planting described cured tobacco seedling, re-use quick lime
Described cigarette cave is carried out disinfection by water, then step D is obtained be used for the cured tobacco seedling that land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco fills the gaps with seedlings be transplanted to sterilization or
Spray in the cigarette cave of insecticide, water water seal cave, then carry out conventional tobacco seedlings water and fertilizer management.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, in step, the granularity of lime is 60～80 mesh.
According to the another kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step C, water that to determine the water yield of root water be until having water from one
Flow out at the bottom of secondary property plastic tub.
According to the another kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step D, described Special compound fertilizer for tobacco is N-P2O5-
K2O proportioning is 1：1：The composite fertilizer of 2.
According to the another kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step E, described limewash be by quick lime and water by
Obtain than 1: 100 preparation according to weight.
According to the another kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step E, when flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops because ofInsect pestSeedling death phenomenon occurs
When, around checkmate cigarette strain and root system thereof, centered on cigarette strain, the soil within diameter 20cm with degree of depth 20cm digs out, formed
One cigarette cave being used for planting cured tobacco seedling, then spray cigarette caves with 1500 times of liquid smokes grass special-purpose insecticides of 25g/L deltamethrin milk oil,
Then obtain step D is used in the cigarette cave that the cured tobacco seedling that land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco fills the gaps with seedlings is transplanted to, and waters water seal cave, then carries out conventional cigarette
Seedling water and fertilizer management.
According to the another kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step E, when flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops because ofAridSeedling death phenomenon occurs
When, around checkmate cigarette strain and root system thereof, centered on cigarette strain, the soil within diameter 20cm with degree of depth 20cm digs out, formed
One for planting the cigarette cave of cured tobacco seedling, the cured tobacco seedling that land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco fills the gaps with seedlings that is used for then obtaining step D is transplanted to cigarette cave
In, water water seal cave, then carry out conventional tobacco seedlings water and fertilizer management.
The present invention is described in more detail below.
The present invention relates to a kind of land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco to fill the gaps with seedlings method.
The step of this method of filling the gaps with seedlings is as follows：
A, nursery soil prepare
Select with stubble collocation kind before and after wheat-flue-cured tobacco, green manure-flue-cured tobacco, barley-flue-cured tobacco, rape-flue-cured tobacco or winter slack-flue-cured tobacco
Plant place soil to fill the gaps with seedlings original soil as flue-cured tobacco, and use lime to regulate the pH value of flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating soil to 6.5～7.5；
Select with stubble collocation kind before and after wheat-flue-cured tobacco, green manure-flue-cured tobacco, barley-flue-cured tobacco, rape-flue-cured tobacco or winter slack-flue-cured tobacco
Plant place soil and be primarily due to improve soil physical property as flue-cured tobacco original soil of filling the gaps with seedlings, improve soil nutrient supply, reduce disease
Insect pest.
According to the present invention, the granularity of lime is 60～80 mesh.Lime granularity less than this particle size range because of dissolubility poor,
It is unfavorable for even regulation soil pH value, be also unfavorable for cigarette strain later period growth and development.
In the present invention, if the pH value of flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating soil is less than 6.5, then soil meta-acid；If the pH of flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating soil
Value is more than 7.5, then soil meta-alkali.；Therefore, the pH value of flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating soil is 6.5～7.5 to be rational, preferably 6.6～
7.3；It is more preferably 6.8～7.2.
In the present invention, the pH value of flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating soil is to use Potentiometric Determination soil pH method to measure..
B, dispensing
It is 0.8～1.0 according to the fill the gaps with seedlings weight ratio of original soil of the flue-cured tobacco with regulation pH for the oil cake that becomes thoroughly decomposed：100, oil cake of becoming thoroughly decomposed with
The flue-cured tobacco original soil of filling the gaps with seedlings of regulation pH is puddled uniformly, obtains flue-cured tobacco and fills the gaps with seedlings soil；
The present invention use become thoroughly decomposed oil cake e.g. by Red River Heng Lin Chemical Co., Ltd. with trade name oil cake fertilizer pin
The product sold.
In the present invention, if become thoroughly decomposed oil cake and flue-cured tobacco are filled the gaps with seedlings the weight ratio of original soil less than 0.8：100, then the content of organic matter
Low, permeability difference；If become thoroughly decomposed, oil cake and flue-cured tobacco fill the gaps with seedlings the weight ratio of original soil more than 1.0：100, then high expensive of filling the gaps with seedlings；Cause
This, the fill the gaps with seedlings weight ratio of original soil of oil cake of becoming thoroughly decomposed and flue-cured tobacco is 0.8～1.0：100 is appropriate.
C, cultivation
It is 0.8～1.2 according to the fill the gaps with seedlings weight ratio of soil of river sand and flue-cured tobacco：10, the flue-cured tobacco obtaining river sand and step B is mended
Seedling soil is puddled uniformly, obtains flue-cured tobacco containing river sand and fills the gaps with seedlings soil；Then according to 2.5～3.5kg/ basin loadings flue-cured tobacco containing river sand
Soil of filling the gaps with seedlings installs in disposable plastic basin, and the cured tobacco seedling selecting neat and consistent is transplanted in this soil, then will be whole
Plastic tub is transferred in the seedling growth greenhouse with fly net, waters and determines root water；
In the present invention, the basic role of river sand is to increase the gas permeability of soil and seepage of water.The river sand that the present invention uses is
Free of contamination river sand.
In the present invention, if river sand and flue-cured tobacco are filled the gaps with seedlings the weight ratio of soil less than 0.8：10, then the gas permeability of soil is not good；
If river sand and flue-cured tobacco are filled the gaps with seedlings, the weight ratio of soil is more than 1.2：10, then retention capacity of soil and nutrient store up ability decline；Cause
This, the fill the gaps with seedlings weight ratio of soil of river sand and flue-cured tobacco is 0.8～1.2：10 is feasible.
According to the present invention, the cured tobacco seedling of neat and consistent it should be understood that during seedling age 55-60 days (emerging to seedling) stem high by 10
～13cm, stem girth 2.0～2.2cm, leaf look pale green to just green, the delicate and pretty cured tobacco seedling without disease pest.
The seedling growth greenhouse with fly net that the present invention uses is the seedling growth greenhouse generally using in seedling-raising technique field, and for example it has
There is steel frame construction, there is the auxiliary facility of ventilation, printing opacity, there is the function intercepting insect.Described fly net is typically 40 mesh.
According to the present invention, water that to determine the water yield of root water be until there being water to flow out from the bottom of disposable plastic basin, and infiltration is whole
Soil in plastic tub.
D, fertilising
Special compound fertilizer for tobacco is soluble in water, and the addition according still further to 3～5 grams/basin Special compound fertilizer for tobacco is watered
In the plastic tub transplanting cured tobacco seedling in step C；Then according to conventional cured tobacco seedling seedling management method is watered, keep plastics
Ground moistening in basin, carries out prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control management simultaneously, just obtains for baking that land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco is filled the gaps with seedlings through a period of time growth
Tobacco seedlings；
In the present invention, described Special compound fertilizer for tobacco is N-P2O5-K2O proportioning is 1：1：The composite fertilizer of 2.
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control performs with reference to local sound tobacco production technology regulation, its objective is to allow the present invention obtain for greatly
The cured tobacco seedling that field flue-cured tobacco is filled the gaps with seedlings and field tobacco seedlings reach " strange land synchronization " growth, so beneficially production management, thus ensure roasting
Tobacco quality equalizes.
E, transplanting
Flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops because of disease seedling death phenomenon occurs when, around checkmate cigarette strain and root system thereof, centered on cigarette strain directly
Soil within footpath 20cm and degree of depth 20cm digs out, formed one for the cigarette cave planting described cured tobacco seedling, re-use limewash
Carrying out disinfection described cigarette cave, then obtain step D is used for the cigarette that the cured tobacco seedling that land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco fills the gaps with seedlings is transplanted to sterilization
In cave, water water seal cave, then carry out conventional tobacco seedlings water and fertilizer management.
In this step, described limewash is obtained than 1: 100 preparation according to weight with water by lime.
When there is seedling death phenomenon because of insect pest in flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops, around checkmate cigarette strain and root system thereof, centered on cigarette strain
Soil within diameter 20cm and degree of depth 20cm digs out, and forms a cigarette cave for planting cured tobacco seedling, then with 25g/L bromine cyanogen chrysanthemum
1500 times of liquid smoke grass special-purpose insecticide spray cigarette caves of emulsifiable concentrate, then obtain step D is used for the flue-cured tobacco that land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco is filled the gaps with seedlings
Transplantation of seedlings, in the cigarette cave being processed as, is watered water seal cave, then is carried out conventional tobacco seedlings water and fertilizer management.
When there is seedling death phenomenon because of arid in flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops, around checkmate cigarette strain and root system thereof, centered on cigarette strain
Soil within diameter 20cm and degree of depth 20cm digs out, formed one for the cigarette cave planting cured tobacco seedling, then step D is obtained
The cured tobacco seedling filled the gaps with seedlings for land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco be transplanted in cigarette cave, water water seal cave, then carry out conventional tobacco seedlings water and fertilizer management.
Use the inventive method, utilize the standby tobacco seedlings that " strange land synchronization " grows, transplant to because of disease, insect pest or dry
In drought causes the scarce pool of dead seedling, survival rate of filling the gaps with seedlings can be effectively improved, improve cigarette strain plant uniformity.
Existing tradition is filled the gaps with seedlings, and there are the following problems for technology：(1) the susceptible risk of tobacco seedlings is big.Random for looking into the tobacco seedlings filled the gaps with seedlings on the pool
Being placed in nursery pond, manual operation or miscarriage, causing the tobacco seedlings of nursery pond to be postponed in time, susceptible probability increases.(2)
Regularity difference.Look in cured tobacco production the pool time of filling the gaps with seedlings be transplant after 3～5 days, but peasant household of part cigarette district due to transplant area big or
Getting the harvest in quickly vernal crop diversity, causing and look into the pool and fill the gaps with seedlings time delay, after filling the gaps with seedlings, rear cigarette strain growing way of mending is significantly smaller than original cigarette strain, breeding time
Process substantially lags behind field original cigarette strain, thus affects field cigarette strain regularity.(3) survival rate is not high.If moisturizing after transplanting
Not in time, tobacco seedlings survival rate can be caused on the low side.
Under equal conditions carry out fill the gaps with seedlings test and science data analyzing and processing according to tobacco business standard, specifically tried
Test data to be listed in Table 1 below.
Table 1：Difference is filled the gaps with seedlings the result of the test of method
| Method | Fill the gaps with seedlings 14 days survival rates % | Survival rate improves % |
| Tradition is filled the gaps with seedlings method | 87.0～89.2 | --- |
| The present invention fills the gaps with seedlings method | 95.8～99.6 | 10.1～11.7 |
Be can clearly be seen that by the result of table 1：Fill the gaps with seedlings compared with method with tradition, the field cigarette of the method for filling the gaps with seedlings of the present invention
Shoot survival percent improves more than 10%.
Fill the gaps with seedlings susceptible test and science data analyzing and processing, tool are under equal conditions carried out according to disease survey standard
Body test data is listed in Table 2 below.
Table 2：Difference is filled the gaps with seedlings the susceptible result of the test of method
| Method | Susceptible gene (calculating with tubers disease) % |
| Tradition is filled the gaps with seedlings method | 14.5～4.5% |
| The present invention fills the gaps with seedlings method | 6.7～0.5% |
Be can clearly be seen that by the result of table 2：Fill the gaps with seedlings compared with method with tradition, the field cigarette of the method for filling the gaps with seedlings of the present invention
Seedling susceptible gene reduces by more than 53.8%.
The present invention method of filling the gaps with seedlings can improve cigarette strain plant uniformity, mends tobacco seedlings growing way and growing process and the original cigarette in land for growing field crops
Strain is substantially close to the phase of binding is inconspicuous with original cigarette strain difference, and field cigarette strain growing way is basically identical.
The present invention method of filling the gaps with seedlings can increase economic benefit.Data according to investigations, when the flue-cured tobacco field rate of filling the gaps with seedlings is 10%, we
Method is filled the gaps with seedlings compared with method with tradition, and yield per unit area improves 4.9%, and the output value improves 6.8%, and its result sees table 3.
Table 3：Difference is filled the gaps with seedlings the Economic and Efficiency Analysis of method
[beneficial effect]
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：Filling the gaps with seedlings compared with method with tradition, the field tobacco seedlings of the method for filling the gaps with seedlings of the present invention survives
Rate improves more than 10%；Field tobacco seedlings susceptible gene reduces by more than 53.8%；Yield per unit area improves more than 4.9%, and the output value carries
High by more than 6.8%.The present invention method of filling the gaps with seedlings can improve cigarette strain plant uniformity, mends tobacco seedlings growing way and growing process is former with land for growing field crops
There is cigarette strain substantially close to the phase of binding is inconspicuous with original cigarette strain difference, and field cigarette strain growing way is basically identical.
【Brief description】
Fig. 1：The standby seedling that tradition is filled the gaps with seedlings is placed；
Fig. 2：The tobacco seedlings management that modified form is filled the gaps with seedlings.
【Detailed description of the invention】
Will be better understood that the present invention by following embodiment.
Embodiment 1：Land for growing field crops of the present invention flue-cured tobacco is filled the gaps with seedlings
The enforcement step of this embodiment is as follows：
A, nursery soil prepare
Select to fill the gaps with seedlings original soil as flue-cured tobacco using stubble collocation plantation place soil before and after wheat-flue-cured tobacco, and use 60 mesh stones
Ash regulates the pH value of flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating soil to 7.0；
B, dispensing
It is 0.8 according to the fill the gaps with seedlings weight ratio of original soil of the flue-cured tobacco with regulation pH for the oil cake that becomes thoroughly decomposed：100, oil cake of becoming thoroughly decomposed and regulation
The flue-cured tobacco of pH original soil of filling the gaps with seedlings is puddled uniformly, obtains flue-cured tobacco and fills the gaps with seedlings soil；
C, cultivation
It is 1.0 according to the fill the gaps with seedlings weight ratio of soil of river sand and flue-cured tobacco：10, soil that the flue-cured tobacco that river sand and step B obtain is filled the gaps with seedlings
Earth is puddled uniformly, obtains flue-cured tobacco containing river sand and fills the gaps with seedlings soil；Then according to 2.6kg/ basin loadings, flue-cured tobacco containing river sand is filled the gaps with seedlings soil
Install in disposable plastic basin, the cured tobacco seedling selecting neat and consistent is transplanted in this soil, then whole plastic tub is turned
Moving on in the seedling growth greenhouse with fly net, watering and determine root water, its water yield is until having water to flow out from the bottom of disposable plastic basin；
D, fertilising
By N-P2O5-K2O proportioning is 1：1：The Special compound fertilizer for tobacco of 2 is soluble in water, special multiple according still further to 3 grams/basin tobacco
The addition in Hefei is poured onto transplants in the plastic tub of cured tobacco seedling in step C；Then according to conventional cured tobacco seedling seedling management side
Method is watered, and keeps ground moistening in plastic tub, carries out prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control management simultaneously, just obtains through a period of time growth and uses
In the cured tobacco seedling that land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco is filled the gaps with seedlings；
E, transplanting
Flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops because of disease seedling death phenomenon occurs when, around checkmate cigarette strain and root system thereof, centered on cigarette strain directly
Soil within footpath 20cm and degree of depth 20cm digs out, and forms a cigarette cave for planting described cured tobacco seedling, re-uses according to weight
Described cigarette cave is carried out disinfection by the limewash that amount obtains than 1: 100 preparation, and the land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco that is used for then obtaining step D is mended
The cured tobacco seedling of seedling is transplanted in the cigarette cave of sterilization, waters water seal cave, then carries out conventional tobacco seedlings water and fertilizer management.
The method describing according to this specification has carried out field tobacco seedlings survival rate, field tobacco seedlings susceptible gene divides with economic benefit
Analysis, fills the gaps with seedlings compared with method with tradition, and present invention method tobacco seedlings survival rate of filling the gaps with seedlings improves the 10.5%th, field tobacco seedlings susceptible gene and reduces
54.3%；Yield per unit area improves 5.0%, and the output value improves 7.2%, mends tobacco seedlings growing way and growing process and land for growing field crops original cigarette strain
Substantially close to the phase of binding is inconspicuous with original cigarette strain difference, and field cigarette strain growing way is basically identical.
Embodiment 2：Land for growing field crops of the present invention flue-cured tobacco is filled the gaps with seedlings
The enforcement step of this embodiment is as follows：
A, nursery soil prepare
Select to fill the gaps with seedlings original soil as flue-cured tobacco using stubble collocation plantation place soil before and after green manure-flue-cured tobacco, and use 80 mesh stones
Ash regulates the pH value of flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating soil to 6.5；
B, dispensing
It is 1.0 according to the fill the gaps with seedlings weight ratio of original soil of the flue-cured tobacco with regulation pH for the oil cake that becomes thoroughly decomposed：100, oil cake of becoming thoroughly decomposed and regulation
The flue-cured tobacco of pH original soil of filling the gaps with seedlings is puddled uniformly, obtains flue-cured tobacco and fills the gaps with seedlings soil；
C, cultivation
It is 0.8 according to the fill the gaps with seedlings weight ratio of soil of river sand and flue-cured tobacco：10, soil that the flue-cured tobacco that river sand and step B obtain is filled the gaps with seedlings
Earth is puddled uniformly, obtains flue-cured tobacco containing river sand and fills the gaps with seedlings soil；Then according to 2.5kg/ basin loadings, flue-cured tobacco containing river sand is filled the gaps with seedlings soil
Install in disposable plastic basin, the cured tobacco seedling selecting neat and consistent is transplanted in this soil, then whole plastic tub is turned
Moving on in the seedling growth greenhouse with fly net, watering and determine root water, its water yield is until having water to flow out from the bottom of disposable plastic basin；
D, fertilising
By N-P2O5-K2O proportioning is 1：1：The Special compound fertilizer for tobacco of 2 is soluble in water, special multiple according still further to 5 grams/basin tobacco
The addition in Hefei is poured onto transplants in the plastic tub of cured tobacco seedling in step C；Then according to conventional cured tobacco seedling seedling management side
Method is watered, and keeps ground moistening in plastic tub, carries out prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control management simultaneously, just obtains through a period of time growth and uses
In the cured tobacco seedling that land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco is filled the gaps with seedlings；
E, transplanting
Flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops because of insect pest seedling death phenomenon occurs when, around checkmate cigarette strain and root system thereof, centered on cigarette strain directly
Soil within footpath 20cm and degree of depth 20cm digs out, and forms a cigarette cave for planting cured tobacco seedling, then sprays 25g/L bromine cyanogen chrysanthemum
1500 times of liquid smoke grass special-purpose insecticides of emulsifiable concentrate are processed, and then obtain step D is used for the flue-cured tobacco that land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco is filled the gaps with seedlings
Transplantation of seedlings, in the cigarette cave spraying pesticide treatments, is watered water seal cave, then is carried out conventional tobacco seedlings water and fertilizer management.
The method describing according to this specification has carried out field tobacco seedlings survival rate, field tobacco seedlings susceptible gene divides with economic benefit
Analysis, fills the gaps with seedlings compared with method with tradition, and present invention method tobacco seedlings survival rate of filling the gaps with seedlings improves the 11.2%th, field tobacco seedlings susceptible gene and reduces
57.4%；Yield per unit area improves 5.5%, and the output value improves 7.8%, mends tobacco seedlings growing way and growing process and land for growing field crops original cigarette strain
Substantially close to the phase of binding is inconspicuous with original cigarette strain difference, and field cigarette strain growing way is basically identical.
Embodiment 3：Land for growing field crops of the present invention flue-cured tobacco is filled the gaps with seedlings
The enforcement step of this embodiment is as follows：
A, nursery soil prepare
Select to fill the gaps with seedlings original soil as flue-cured tobacco using stubble collocation plantation place soil before and after wheat-flue-cured tobacco, and use 70 mesh stones
Ash regulates the pH value of flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating soil to 7.5；
B, dispensing
It is 0.9 according to the fill the gaps with seedlings weight ratio of original soil of the flue-cured tobacco with regulation pH for the oil cake that becomes thoroughly decomposed：100, oil cake of becoming thoroughly decomposed and regulation
The flue-cured tobacco of pH original soil of filling the gaps with seedlings is puddled uniformly, obtains flue-cured tobacco and fills the gaps with seedlings soil；
C, cultivation
It is 1.2 according to the fill the gaps with seedlings weight ratio of soil of river sand and flue-cured tobacco：10, soil that the flue-cured tobacco that river sand and step B obtain is filled the gaps with seedlings
Earth is puddled uniformly, obtains flue-cured tobacco containing river sand and fills the gaps with seedlings soil；Then according to 3.2kg/ basin loadings, flue-cured tobacco containing river sand is filled the gaps with seedlings soil
Install in disposable plastic basin, the cured tobacco seedling selecting neat and consistent is transplanted in this soil, then whole plastic tub is turned
Moving on in the seedling growth greenhouse with fly net, watering and determine root water, its water yield is until having water to flow out from the bottom of disposable plastic basin；
D, fertilising
By N-P2O5-K2O proportioning is 1：1：The Special compound fertilizer for tobacco of 2 is soluble in water, special multiple according still further to 4 grams/basin tobacco
The addition in Hefei is poured onto transplants in the plastic tub of cured tobacco seedling in step C；Then according to conventional cured tobacco seedling seedling management side
Method is watered, and keeps ground moistening in plastic tub, carries out prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control management simultaneously, just obtains through a period of time growth and uses
In the cured tobacco seedling that land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco is filled the gaps with seedlings；
E, transplanting
Flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops because of arid seedling death phenomenon occurs when, around checkmate cigarette strain and root system thereof, centered on cigarette strain directly
Soil within footpath 20cm and degree of depth 20cm digs out, formed one for the cigarette cave planting cured tobacco seedling, then step D is obtained
It is transplanted in cigarette cave for the cured tobacco seedling that land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco is filled the gaps with seedlings, water water seal cave, then carry out conventional tobacco seedlings water and fertilizer management.
The method describing according to this specification has carried out field tobacco seedlings survival rate, field tobacco seedlings susceptible gene divides with economic benefit
Analysis, fills the gaps with seedlings compared with method with tradition, and present invention method tobacco seedlings survival rate of filling the gaps with seedlings improves the 10.8%th, field tobacco seedlings susceptible gene and reduces
54.0%；Yield per unit area improves 5.3%, and the output value improves 6.9%, mends tobacco seedlings growing way and growing process and land for growing field crops original cigarette strain
Substantially close to the phase of binding is inconspicuous with original cigarette strain difference, and field cigarette strain growing way is basically identical.
Embodiment 4：Land for growing field crops of the present invention flue-cured tobacco is filled the gaps with seedlings
The enforcement step of this embodiment is as follows：
A, nursery soil prepare
Select to fill the gaps with seedlings original soil as flue-cured tobacco using stubble collocation plantation place soil before and after green manure-flue-cured tobacco, and use 60 mesh stones
Ash regulates the pH value of flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating soil to 6.8；
B, dispensing
It is 1.5 according to the fill the gaps with seedlings weight ratio of original soil of the flue-cured tobacco with regulation pH for the oil cake that becomes thoroughly decomposed：10, oil cake of becoming thoroughly decomposed and regulation pH
Flue-cured tobacco original soil of filling the gaps with seedlings puddle uniformly, obtain flue-cured tobacco and fill the gaps with seedlings soil.
C, cultivation
It is 0.9 according to the fill the gaps with seedlings weight ratio of soil of river sand and flue-cured tobacco：10, soil that the flue-cured tobacco that river sand and step B obtain is filled the gaps with seedlings
Earth is puddled uniformly, obtains flue-cured tobacco containing river sand and fills the gaps with seedlings soil；Then according to 3.5kg/ basin loadings, flue-cured tobacco containing river sand is filled the gaps with seedlings soil
Install in disposable plastic basin, the cured tobacco seedling selecting neat and consistent is transplanted in this soil, then whole plastic tub is turned
Moving on in the seedling growth greenhouse with fly net, watering and determine root water, its water yield is until having water to flow out from the bottom of disposable plastic basin；
D, fertilising
By N-P2O5-K2O proportioning is 1：1：The Special compound fertilizer for tobacco of 2 is soluble in water, special multiple according still further to 3 grams/basin tobacco
The addition in Hefei is poured onto transplants in the plastic tub of cured tobacco seedling in step C；Then according to conventional cured tobacco seedling seedling management side
Method is watered, and keeps ground moistening in plastic tub, carries out prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control management simultaneously, just obtains through a period of time growth and uses
In the cured tobacco seedling that land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco is filled the gaps with seedlings；
E, transplanting
Flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops because of disease seedling death phenomenon occurs when, around checkmate cigarette strain and root system thereof, centered on cigarette strain directly
Soil within footpath 20cm and degree of depth 20cm digs out, and forms a cigarette cave for planting described cured tobacco seedling, re-uses according to weight
Described cigarette cave is carried out disinfection by the limewash that amount obtains than 1: 100 preparation, and the land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco that is used for then obtaining step D is mended
The cured tobacco seedling of seedling is transplanted in the cigarette cave of sterilization, waters water seal cave, then carries out conventional tobacco seedlings water and fertilizer management.
The method describing according to this specification has carried out field tobacco seedlings survival rate, field tobacco seedlings susceptible gene divides with economic benefit
Analysis, fills the gaps with seedlings compared with method with tradition, and present invention method tobacco seedlings survival rate of filling the gaps with seedlings improves the 11.2%th, field tobacco seedlings susceptible gene and reduces
56.3%；Yield per unit area improves 5.8%, and the output value improves 7.9%, mends tobacco seedlings growing way and growing process and land for growing field crops original cigarette strain
Substantially close to the phase of binding is inconspicuous with original cigarette strain difference, and field cigarette strain growing way is basically identical.
Embodiment 5：Land for growing field crops of the present invention flue-cured tobacco is filled the gaps with seedlings
The enforcement step of this embodiment is as follows：
A, nursery soil prepare
Select to fill the gaps with seedlings original soil as flue-cured tobacco using stubble collocation plantation place soil before and after barley-flue-cured tobacco, and use 80 mesh stones
Ash regulates the pH value of flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating soil to 7.1；
B, dispensing
It is 1.6 according to the fill the gaps with seedlings weight ratio of original soil of the flue-cured tobacco with regulation pH for the oil cake that becomes thoroughly decomposed：10, oil cake of becoming thoroughly decomposed and regulation pH
Flue-cured tobacco original soil of filling the gaps with seedlings puddle uniformly, obtain flue-cured tobacco and fill the gaps with seedlings soil.
C, cultivation
It is 1.0 according to the fill the gaps with seedlings weight ratio of soil of river sand and flue-cured tobacco：10, soil that the flue-cured tobacco that river sand and step B obtain is filled the gaps with seedlings
Earth is puddled uniformly, obtains flue-cured tobacco containing river sand and fills the gaps with seedlings soil；Then according to 3.0kg/ basin loadings, flue-cured tobacco containing river sand is filled the gaps with seedlings soil
Install in disposable plastic basin, the cured tobacco seedling selecting neat and consistent is transplanted in this soil, then whole plastic tub is turned
Moving on in the seedling growth greenhouse with fly net, watering and determine root water, its water yield is until having water to flow out from the bottom of disposable plastic basin；
D, fertilising
By N-P2O5-K2O proportioning is 1：1：The Special compound fertilizer for tobacco of 2 is soluble in water, special multiple according still further to 5 grams/basin tobacco
The addition in Hefei is poured onto transplants in the plastic tub of cured tobacco seedling in step C；Then according to conventional cured tobacco seedling seedling management side
Method is watered, and keeps ground moistening in plastic tub, carries out prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control management simultaneously, just obtains through a period of time growth and uses
In the cured tobacco seedling that land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco is filled the gaps with seedlings；
E, transplanting
Flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops because of insect pest seedling death phenomenon occurs when, around checkmate cigarette strain and root system thereof, centered on cigarette strain directly
Soil within footpath 20cm and degree of depth 20cm digs out, and forms a cigarette cave for planting cured tobacco seedling, then sprays 25g/L bromine cyanogen chrysanthemum
1500 times of liquid smoke grass special-purpose insecticides of emulsifiable concentrate are processed, and then obtain step D is used for the flue-cured tobacco that land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco is filled the gaps with seedlings
Transplantation of seedlings, in the cigarette cave spraying pesticide treatments, is watered water seal cave, then is carried out conventional tobacco seedlings water and fertilizer management.
The method describing according to this specification has carried out field tobacco seedlings survival rate, field tobacco seedlings susceptible gene divides with economic benefit
Analysis, fills the gaps with seedlings compared with method with tradition, and present invention method tobacco seedlings survival rate of filling the gaps with seedlings improves the 10.5%th, field tobacco seedlings susceptible gene and reduces
54.2%；Yield per unit area improves 5.0%, and the output value improves 7.3%, mends tobacco seedlings growing way and growing process and land for growing field crops original cigarette strain
Substantially close to the phase of binding is inconspicuous with original cigarette strain difference, and field cigarette strain growing way is basically identical.
Embodiment 6：Land for growing field crops of the present invention flue-cured tobacco is filled the gaps with seedlings
The enforcement step of this embodiment is as follows：
A, nursery soil prepare
Select to fill the gaps with seedlings original soil as flue-cured tobacco using stubble collocation plantation place soil before and after rape-flue-cured tobacco, and use 70 mesh stones
Ash regulates the pH value of flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating soil to 7.3；
B, dispensing
It is 1.8 according to the fill the gaps with seedlings weight ratio of original soil of the flue-cured tobacco with regulation pH for the oil cake that becomes thoroughly decomposed：10, oil cake of becoming thoroughly decomposed and regulation pH
Flue-cured tobacco original soil of filling the gaps with seedlings puddle uniformly, obtain flue-cured tobacco and fill the gaps with seedlings soil.
C, cultivation
It is 1.1 according to the fill the gaps with seedlings weight ratio of soil of river sand and flue-cured tobacco：10, soil that the flue-cured tobacco that river sand and step B obtain is filled the gaps with seedlings
Earth is puddled uniformly, obtains flue-cured tobacco containing river sand and fills the gaps with seedlings soil；Then according to 2.8kg/ basin loadings, flue-cured tobacco containing river sand is filled the gaps with seedlings soil
Install in disposable plastic basin, the cured tobacco seedling selecting neat and consistent is transplanted in this soil, then whole plastic tub is turned
Moving on in the seedling growth greenhouse with fly net, watering and determine root water, its water yield is until having water to flow out from the bottom of disposable plastic basin；
D, fertilising
By N-P2O5-K2O proportioning is 1：1：The Special compound fertilizer for tobacco of 2 is soluble in water, special multiple according still further to 4 grams/basin tobacco
The addition in Hefei is poured onto transplants in the plastic tub of cured tobacco seedling in step C；Then according to conventional cured tobacco seedling seedling management side
Method is watered, and keeps ground moistening in plastic tub, carries out prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control management simultaneously, just obtains through a period of time growth and uses
In the cured tobacco seedling that land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco is filled the gaps with seedlings；
E, transplanting
When there is seedling death phenomenon because of arid in flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops, around checkmate cigarette strain and root system thereof, centered on cigarette strain
Soil within diameter 20cm and degree of depth 20cm digs out, formed one for the cigarette cave planting cured tobacco seedling, then step D is obtained
The cured tobacco seedling filled the gaps with seedlings for land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco be transplanted in cigarette cave, water water seal cave, then carry out conventional tobacco seedlings water and fertilizer management.
The method describing according to this specification has carried out field tobacco seedlings survival rate, field tobacco seedlings susceptible gene divides with economic benefit
Analysis, fills the gaps with seedlings compared with method with tradition, and present invention method tobacco seedlings survival rate of filling the gaps with seedlings improves the 10.2%th, field tobacco seedlings susceptible gene and reduces
54.3%；Yield per unit area improves 4.9%, and the output value improves 7.0%, mends tobacco seedlings growing way and growing process and land for growing field crops original cigarette strain
Substantially close to the phase of binding is inconspicuous with original cigarette strain difference, and field cigarette strain growing way is basically identical.
Claims (7)
1. a land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco is filled the gaps with seedlings method, it is characterised in that the step of this method of filling the gaps with seedlings is as follows：
A, nursery soil prepare
Select with stubble collocation plantation before and after wheat-flue-cured tobacco, green manure-flue-cured tobacco, barley-flue-cured tobacco, rape-flue-cured tobacco or winter slack-flue-cured tobacco
Ground soil is filled the gaps with seedlings original soil as flue-cured tobacco, and uses lime to regulate the pH value of flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating soil to 6.5～7.5；
B, dispensing
It is 0.8～1.0 according to the fill the gaps with seedlings weight ratio of original soil of the flue-cured tobacco with regulation pH for the oil cake that becomes thoroughly decomposed：100, oil cake of becoming thoroughly decomposed and regulation
The flue-cured tobacco of pH original soil of filling the gaps with seedlings is puddled uniformly, obtains flue-cured tobacco and fills the gaps with seedlings soil；
C, cultivation
It is 0.8～1.2 according to the fill the gaps with seedlings weight ratio of soil of river sand and flue-cured tobacco：10, soil that the flue-cured tobacco that river sand and step B obtain is filled the gaps with seedlings
Earth is puddled uniformly, obtains flue-cured tobacco containing river sand and fills the gaps with seedlings soil；Then according to 2.5～3.5kg/ basin loadings, flue-cured tobacco containing river sand is filled the gaps with seedlings
Soil installs in disposable plastic basin, the cured tobacco seedling selecting neat and consistent is transplanted in this soil, then by whole plastics
Basin is transferred in the seedling growth greenhouse with fly net, waters and determines root water；
D, fertilising
Special compound fertilizer for tobacco is soluble in water, and the addition according still further to 3～5 grams/basin Special compound fertilizer for tobacco is poured onto
Step C is transplanted in the plastic tub of cured tobacco seedling；Then according to conventional cured tobacco seedling seedling management method is watered, keep in plastic tub
Ground moistening, carries out prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control management simultaneously, just obtains, through a period of time growth, the cured tobacco seedling filled the gaps with seedlings for land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco.
E, transplanting
Flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops because ofDiseaseOccur seedling death phenomenon when, around checkmate cigarette strain and root system thereof, centered on cigarette strain at diameter
Soil within 20cm and degree of depth 20cm digs out, formed one for the cigarette cave planting described cured tobacco seedling, re-use lime water
Described cigarette cave is carried out disinfection, waters water seal cave, then carry out conventional tobacco seedlings water and fertilizer management.
2. land for growing field crops according to claim 1 flue-cured tobacco is filled the gaps with seedlings method, it is characterised in that in step, the granularity of lime is 60
～80 mesh.
3. land for growing field crops according to claim 1 flue-cured tobacco is filled the gaps with seedlings method, it is characterised in that in step D, water the water yield determining root water
It is until there being water to flow out from the bottom of disposable plastic basin, and infiltrate the soil in whole plastic tub.
4. land for growing field crops according to claim 1 flue-cured tobacco is filled the gaps with seedlings method, it is characterised in that in step D, described tobacco is special
Composite fertilizer is N-P2O5-K2OProportioningIt is 1：1：The composite fertilizer of 2.
5. land for growing field crops according to claim 1 flue-cured tobacco is filled the gaps with seedlings method, it is characterised in that in step E, described limewash is
Obtained than 1: 100 preparation according to weight by quick lime and water.
6. land for growing field crops according to claim 1 flue-cured tobacco is filled the gaps with seedlings method, it is characterised in that in step F, when flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops is because of worm
Evil is when there is seedling death phenomenon, around checkmate cigarette strain and root system thereof, centered on cigarette strain within diameter 20cm with degree of depth 20cm
Soil dig out, formed one for planting the cigarette cave of cured tobacco seedling more special with 1500 times of liquid smoke grass of 25g/L deltamethrin milk oil
Insecticide sprays cigarette cave, and the cured tobacco seedling that land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco fills the gaps with seedlings that is used for then obtaining step D is transplanted in cigarette cave, waters water seal
Cave, then carry out conventional tobacco seedlings water and fertilizer management.
7. land for growing field crops according to claim 1 flue-cured tobacco is filled the gaps with seedlings method, it is characterised in that in step E, when flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops is because of dry
When there is seedling death phenomenon in drought, around checkmate cigarette strain and root system thereof, centered on cigarette strain within diameter 20cm and degree of depth 20cm
Soil dig out, formed one for planting the cigarette cave of cured tobacco seedling, that land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco fills the gaps with seedlings is roasting for being used for of then obtaining step D
Tobacco seedlings is transplanted in cigarette cave, waters water seal cave, then carries out conventional tobacco seedlings water and fertilizer management.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108781931A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2018-11-13 | 潍坊市烟草专卖局 | A kind of green control method of tobacco planting pest and disease damage |
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| CN1799308A (en) * | 2005-12-15 | 2006-07-12 | 楚雄州烟草科学研究所 | Sand cultivation technique for flue cured-tobacco seedling |
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