CN106393878A - 具有阻火层的板件 - Google Patents
具有阻火层的板件 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106393878A CN106393878A CN201610767156.1A CN201610767156A CN106393878A CN 106393878 A CN106393878 A CN 106393878A CN 201610767156 A CN201610767156 A CN 201610767156A CN 106393878 A CN106393878 A CN 106393878A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- flame retardant
- retardant bed
- layer
- plate
- polyurethane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 title abstract description 34
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 129
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000011495 polyisocyanurate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920003226 polyurethane urea Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 106
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 103
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002937 thermal insulation foam Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 89
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 abstract description 61
- 229920000582 polyisocyanurate Polymers 0.000 abstract description 29
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 110
- 229920000538 Poly[(phenyl isocyanate)-co-formaldehyde] Polymers 0.000 description 25
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 22
- 229910002012 Aerosil® Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 13
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000010412 perfusion Effects 0.000 description 7
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004965 Silica aerogel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 6
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000007706 flame test Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 6
- -1 poly- isocyanuric acid Ester Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000004114 Ammonium polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000019826 ammonium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229920001276 ammonium polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Natural products OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001730 Moisture cure polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- MKYBYDHXWVHEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[1-oxo-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propan-2-yl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(C(C)NC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 MKYBYDHXWVHEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002065 Pluronic® P 105 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000183024 Populus tremula Species 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229910021502 aluminium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011805 ball Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011806 microball Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- JIABEENURMZTTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-isocyanato-2-[(2-isocyanatophenyl)methyl]benzene Chemical class O=C=NC1=CC=CC=C1CC1=CC=CC=C1N=C=O JIABEENURMZTTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GTACSIONMHMRPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(benzenesulfonamido)ethylsulfanyl]-2,6-difluorophenoxy]acetamide Chemical compound C1=C(F)C(OCC(=O)N)=C(F)C=C1SCCNS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GTACSIONMHMRPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 101710130081 Aspergillopepsin-1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100031007 Cytosolic non-specific dipeptidase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- PZZYQPZGQPZBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium silicate Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O PZZYQPZGQPZBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001649 dickite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000744 eyelid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052621 halloysite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052816 inorganic phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052604 silicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000352 supercritical drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010415 tropism Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVTVDJWJGGEOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea;cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-].NC(N)=O QVTVDJWJGGEOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/043—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/046—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
- B32B15/095—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/065—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
- B32B27/205—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents the fillers creating voids or cavities, e.g. by stretching
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract
具有阻火层的板件包括:金属面层;隔热泡沫体层;以及在金属面层和泡沫体层之间的至少一层阻火层,所述阻火层包括下列物质中的至少一种:多孔二氧化硅;中空玻璃微球;玻璃纤维;无机陶瓷化组合物;可膨胀石墨在聚氨酯聚合物基体或聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯聚合物基体或聚氨酯/聚脲聚合物基体中的分散体。还描述了在板件之间的接合区域中具有阻火材料的板件装置、形成板件和板件装置的方法、阻火组合物和用于形成阻火组合物的反应物。
Description
本发明专利申请是基于申请日为2012年9月14日,申请号为201280050020.9,发明名称为“具有阻火层的板件”的中国发明专利申请的分案申请。
本发明涉及具有阻火层(fire barriers)的板件(panels)和板件装置(panelarrangements);形成该板件和板件装置的方法;阻火组合物;和用于形成阻火组合物的反应物。
硬质聚合物泡沫体提供了良好的隔热性,因而被用于建筑部件,如“夹心”(“sandwich”)预隔热板件。该板件通常包括粘合到例如钢或铝的金属面层或金属箔的蒙皮上的硬质聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯(PU/PIR)泡沫体核(core)。这种类型的板件可得自例如SAB-profielTM。
通过连续法制造该板件。连续层压法通常使用双层皮带/带装置(double belt/band arrangement),其中将用于形成发泡聚合物的液体反应混合物沉积(灌注或喷射)在较低面的板材上,其可以是软质的或硬质的。在形成聚合物的混合物发生固化和变硬之前,使上面的板材与形成聚合物的混合物接触。作为替换方法(“反向层压机”),可以将该反应混合物沉积在上面的板材上。在“聚氨酯手册”(ed.Dr Guenter Oertel,HanserPublishers 1985)、US2005/02478993、US2007/0246160、WO2009/077490和US4019938讨论了该方法。
在某些情况中,使用由异氰酸酯和多元醇形成的未膨胀或轻微膨胀的PU/PIR聚合物薄层来促进金属面层和泡沫体核之间的粘合。将该薄层称为“另外的聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯层”(APL)。
常规上采用软质泡沫垫片来密封板件之间的侧向接合处。
聚合物泡沫体核的材料通常是可燃的,燃烧时几乎不留下碳质残渣。因此,在火焰条件下它们仅提供有限的结构完整性。结构完整性对于延长建筑的稳定性和保持对热、烟和火的通过的阻隔是重要的。
金属面层夹心板件(其中隔热层是PIR泡沫体)目前的耐火性能对于200mm厚的板件最多为EI 60(其中“EI”指完整性和隔热性,它后面接的是组件有效所持续的分钟数)。参考标准是EN 1363-1/2和EN 1364-1。
已作出努力来改进该性能,例如通过将阻燃性添加剂引入泡沫体中和通过使用不可燃的厚面(thick facing)材料(如石膏)。
EP0891860公开了具有插入在硬质泡沫塑料材料的核和金属外层之间的膨胀型垫层(intumescent mat)(例如,基于石墨的矿物纤维稳定的材料)的耐火性复合板。对该垫进行穿孔,其孔容许核和金属层之间进行粘合。
发明人已观察到当在加热炉条件下处理典型的夹心板件时,钢面层迅速地与泡沫体核分层,在泡沫体中出现裂缝。
此外,已发现在耐火性测试期间,通常首先在板件之间的接合处出现破坏,在所述接合处隔热性较低。因此,接合处是影响整个板件的耐火性能的薄弱区域。
在第一方面中,本发明提供了板件,其包括:
-金属面层;
-隔热泡沫体层;和
-在所述金属面层和所述泡沫体层之间的至少一层阻火层,所述阻火层包括下列物质中的至少一种:多孔二氧化硅;中空玻璃微球;玻璃纤维;无机陶瓷化组合物;可膨胀石墨在聚氨酯聚合物基体或聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯聚合物基体或聚氨酯/聚脲聚合物基体中的分散体。
优选地,阻火层包括多孔二氧化硅、中空玻璃微球、玻璃纤维、无机陶瓷化组合物中的至少一种在聚氨酯聚合物基体或聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯聚合物基体或聚氨酯/聚脲聚合物基体中的分散体。
优选地,所述板件是自承式的。
阻火层
阻火层应提供在火焰条件下的结构完整性和/或隔热性能的良好的耐久力。
可以存在一层、两层、三层或更多层阻火层。可以通过单独的层(称为“结构完整性阻隔层”和“隔热层”)或通过相同的层来提供结构完整性阻隔和隔热性能。在通过相同的层提供这些性能的情况中,可以通过不同的材料或相同的材料来提供这些性能。
以下对合适的阻火材料(即用于阻火层的材料)根据它们的性能以“结构完整性阻隔材料”、“隔热材料”和“复合的结构完整性阻隔材料和隔热材料”为标题进行了讨论。
优选地,阻火层的导热性(k)小于0.1W/mK。
优选地,阻火层的厚度为2mm至20mm(更优选地为2mm至15mm,如3mm至10mm)。
阻火层安置在泡沫体核和金属面层之间,可以方便地认为其是改性的APL层。
优选阻火层对泡沫体核和/或金属面层具有良好的粘合性能。PU、PU/PIR和PU/聚脲聚合物提供了良好的粘合性能,优选将它们用于下述阻火层中。在阻火层不具有良好的粘合性能的情况中,可以使用单独的胶粘剂。
优选地,阻火层是连续的,且将其连续地粘合到金属面层上和隔热泡沫体层上。
结构完整性阻隔材料
如上所说明的那样,一种或多种结构完整性阻隔材料可以包括在阻火层中。
结构完整性阻隔材料意图对在火焰条件下的结构完整性的耐久力起作用。可以例如通过将施加在金属皮上的充当结构完整性阻隔材料的材料的样品放置在马弗炉(采用与耐火性测试相当的温度曲线进行加热)中,随后检验是否不存在裂缝和空隙以及检查残留的机械性能,来评价充当结构完整性阻隔材料的材料的适合性。结构完整性阻隔材料优选地形成内聚的、坚固的焦化层,这将降低在下面的泡沫体核破裂的趋向性。
结构完整性阻隔材料可以包括在火焰条件下可膨胀的颗粒。
优选的用于阻火层的结构完整性阻隔材料如下所述。
在聚合物基体中的无机化合物的陶瓷化混合物
无机化合物的陶瓷化混合物在聚合物基体中的分散体可以用作在阻火层中的结构完整性阻隔材料。Ceram Polymerik在WO2008134803、WO2005095545、WO2004088676和WO2004035711中公开了该混合物。
术语“陶瓷化组合物”包括在火焰条件下分解和进行化学反应形成多孔的、自承式陶瓷产品的组合物。相反地,常规的无机填料在火焰条件下保留为非内聚的颗粒。
优选的混合物包括硅酸盐矿物和无机磷酸盐。可以存在另外的无机填料和/或热膨胀材料。例如陶瓷化混合物可以包括氢氧化铝、滑石和多磷酸铵中的一些或全部。优选的混合物的实例包括氢氧化铝(ATH)/滑石/多磷酸铵(APP);滑石/APP/硼酸锌/可膨胀石墨。一旦达到活化温度(通常为350℃至800℃),这些材料在火焰条件下反应形成内聚的、自承式陶瓷。
优选地,聚合物基体是PU/PIR聚合物。可以由多元醇(例如聚酯多元醇)和异氰酸酯(例如有机多异氰酸酯,如聚合的亚甲基二苯基二异氰酸酯(PMDI),如官能度为2.7的)形成该聚合物。使用催化剂。合适的指数为1.8或更多。术语“指数”指异氰酸酯指数,其为所加入的含异氰酸酯的化合物的当量数与所需含异氰酸酯的化合物的理论当量数相比的量度。较高的指数表示较高量的含异氰酸酯的反应物。优选的多元醇包括多元醇(得自The Dow Chemical Company)。
可替换地,聚合物基体可以是聚氨酯(PU)聚合物,但这是次优选的。可以由多元醇(例如聚醚多元醇)和异氰酸酯(例如有机多异氰酸酯,如低官能度的PMDI,如官能度为2.7的)形成该聚合物。使用催化剂。合适的指数为0.8至1.8。优选的多元醇包括多元醇(得自The Dow Chemical Company)。
优选地,陶瓷化组合物的存在量为30wt%至70wt%,基于该层的总重量。
胶粘性聚氨酯/聚脲
通过硅酸钠水溶液(俗名:水玻璃)与亲水性预聚物反应形成的胶粘性聚氨酯/聚脲涂料可以用作在阻火层中的结构完整性阻隔材料。已发现该涂料在暴露于火焰中时形成了内聚的焦化物。WO2006010697(Huntsman)涉及基于该水玻璃的PU/聚脲涂料。可以使其它阻火材料分散在该涂料中。
优选的亲水性聚氨酯预聚物是Dow型异氰酸酯。
玻璃纤维
玻璃纤维可以用作阻火层中的结构完整性阻隔材料。优选长度为5mm至75mm和/或直径为10μm至13μm的短玻璃纤维。玻璃纤维的替代物包括岩石纤维、玄武岩纤维和碳纤维。优选使纤维分散在聚合物基体(例如在以上“在聚合物基体中的无机化合物的陶瓷化混合物”中所讨论类型的聚合物基体)中。
隔热材料
如上所说明的那样,一种或多种隔热材料可以包括在阻火层中。
隔热材料提供了在火焰条件中的温度梯度。其目的在于改进在耐火性测试期间的隔热性能。可以在实验室规模下使用下述测试方法(示于图3中)并且评测温度的增加(采用安置在隔热材料和泡沫体之间的界面处的热电偶来测量,或可替换地采用安置在离界面有一定距离的泡沫体中的热电偶来测量),来评价充当隔热材料的材料的适合性。优选的隔热材料是具有微米级孔隙(micro-voided)或纳米级孔隙(nano-voided)的材料,优选其为多孔的。合适的材料如下所述。
多孔二氧化硅
多孔二氧化硅可以用作在阻火层中的隔热材料。
优选形式的多孔二氧化硅是纳米多孔二氧化硅,尤其是二氧化硅气凝胶(silicaaerogel)。二氧化硅气凝胶是非常低密度的纳米多孔固体,其由硅胶通过采用气体代替液体(如超临界干燥)来获得。它强力地吸收红外辐射,并且具有突出的隔热特性。在WO2008115812和WO9850144(Cabot)中讨论了二氧化硅气凝胶颗粒的合成。
优选使用分散在聚合物基体中的多孔二氧化硅。聚合物基体可以是预形成的或可以原位形成。
预形成的纳米多孔二氧化硅在聚合物基体中的分散体可作为“气凝胶毡”(“aerogel blankets”)(例如Cabot Thermal WrapTM)商购得到。这些可以包括分散在例如聚乙烯和/或聚酯的无纺聚合物纤维中的二氧化硅气凝胶颗粒。Thermal WrapTM是软质的、可压缩的、低λ的材料,可以容易地采用剪刀将其切成定制的尺寸。
可以使用商业的二氧化硅气凝胶粉末原位形成纳米多孔二氧化硅在聚合物基体中的分散体。商业的二氧化硅气凝胶纳米多孔粉末是Cabot NanogelTM。
优选地,使多孔二氧化硅分散在亲水性聚合物基体中。纯二氧化硅气凝胶由于其纳米多孔结构而具有突出的隔热特性(低λ值)。当用于聚合物基体中时,预期二氧化硅气凝胶会损失其突出的隔热特性,这是因为聚合物将填充纳米多孔结构。然而,本发明已认识到,由于纳米多孔二氧化硅的疏水性,亲水性聚合物和水溶液不会填充该孔。因此,亲水性聚合物和用来提供这些聚合物的水性组合物可以用于避免填充包含在隔热层中的纳米多孔二氧化硅的孔。
上述类型的具有结构完整性阻隔性能的胶粘性聚氨酯/聚脲涂料是尤其适合的。可替换地,可以使用在以上“在聚合物基体中的无机化合物的陶瓷化混合物”中所讨论类型的PU/PIR或PU涂料。
WO2007047970和WO9615998涉及含有水性粘合剂的二氧化硅气凝胶复合材料,WO03097227、US2004077738、US2003215640和EP1787716涉及含有亲水性粘合剂的二氧化硅气凝胶复合材料。WO2007146945(Aspen)涉及PU/二氧化硅气凝胶共泡沫体(co-foam)。WO2007086819(Aspen)涉及聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯)(PMMA)和二氧化硅气凝胶的复合材料。
优选地,多孔二氧化硅的存在量是1wt%至10wt%,基于该层的总重量。
可膨胀石墨
可膨胀石墨(也称为“层离(exfoliating)石墨”)可以用作在阻火层中的隔热材料。
可膨胀石墨是在火焰条件下可膨胀的颗粒。优选地,可膨胀石墨颗粒的平均粒度为200μm至300μm。优选使可膨胀石墨分散在聚合物基体中,例如在以上“在聚合物基体中的无机化合物的陶瓷化混合物”中所讨论类型的聚合物基体。
复合的结构完整性阻隔材料和隔热材料
如上所提及的那样,可以通过单个材料来提供结构完整性阻隔和隔热性能。下文讨论了优选的该材料。
中空玻璃微球
中空玻璃微球可以用作在阻火层中的复合的结构完整性阻隔材料和隔热材料。在WO2010065724中讨论了合适的材料,其可商购得到,例如,得自3M的S35Glass BubblesTM。本发明人已发现该颗粒在燃烧条件下形成了内聚的、多孔无定形二氧化硅焦化物。优选将该颗粒用于聚合物基体(如使用上述聚合物材料中的一种)中。
优选地,中空玻璃微球的平均直径为10μm至120μm。
优选地,中空玻璃微球的存在量为5wt%至50wt%,基于该层的总重量。在优选的实施方式中,采用20wt%的S35微球填充PU/PIR胶粘层。
优选的阻火结构
优选的阻火结构(即优选的阻火层或阻火层的组合)包括:
-阻火层,包括单独的结构完整性阻隔层和隔热层,如分散在PU/PIR聚合物基体中的陶瓷化组合物的层和多孔二氧化硅在预形成的聚合物基体中的分散体的层。
-阻火层,其包括单独的结构完整性阻隔和隔热材料,例如,分散在PU/聚脲聚合物基体中的多孔二氧化硅的层。
-阻火层,其包括复合的结构完整性阻隔和隔热材料,如(1)分散在PU/PIR聚合物基体中的中空玻璃微球的层,其任选地包括其它阻火材料,如陶瓷化组合物,且任选地将其与单独的结构完整性阻隔层和/或隔热层(如多孔二氧化硅在预形成的聚合物基体中的分散体)结合;或(2)分散在PU/PIR聚合物基体中的玻璃纤维的层;或(3)分散在PU/PIR聚合物基体中的可膨胀石墨的层;
-仅具有结构完整性阻隔层的阻火层,如分散在PU/PIR聚合物基体中的陶瓷化组合物的层;
-仅具有隔热层的阻火层,如(1)分散在PU或PU/PIR聚合物基体中的多孔二氧化硅的层;或(2)多孔二氧化硅在预形成的聚合物基体中的分散体的层。
面层
如上所说明的那样,板件包括第一金属面层。通常,在与第一金属面层相反的面上将第二金属面层包括在板件中。优选的各金属面层是钢或铝面层。优选地,各金属面层的厚度为0.2mm至1.2mm。
泡沫体核
如上所说明的那样,板件包括隔热泡沫体层(也称为泡沫体核)。合适地,泡沫体核是硬质的。优选地,泡沫体核的厚度为20mm至250mm。
优选的泡沫体核具有PU/PIR。优选的泡沫体由多元醇(与发泡剂和催化剂一起加入)和异氰酸酯(如有机多异氰酸酯,如高官能度的PMDI)形成。优选的指数为1.8或更多。优选的多元醇包括多元醇(得自The Dow Chemical Company),其提供了具有良好的耐火性能的泡沫体。
制造方法
在第二方面,本发明提供了形成如上所述的板件的方法,其包括如下步骤:
-提供具有至少一层阻火层的第一金属面层;
-将隔热泡沫体层以液体反应混合物的形式施加在阻火层上;和
-将第二金属面层施加在隔热泡沫体层上。
可以以液体的形式提供阻火层,优选将至少一层阻火层以液体反应混合物(任选地含有分散的材料)的形式施用,所述液体反应混合物将形成聚合物基体。优选地,液体反应混合物为基于异氰酸酯的反应混合物,更优选地为以下物质中的至少一种在基于异氰酸酯的反应混合物中的分散体:多孔二氧化硅;中空玻璃微球;玻璃纤维;无机陶瓷化组合物;可膨胀石墨。
另外地或可替换地,以固体的形式施用至少一层阻火层(如多孔二氧化硅在预形成的聚合物基体中的分散体)。可以采用胶粘性组合物固定呈固体形式的阻火层。然而,如果已以液体的形式施用先前的阻火层,则胶粘性组合物可能不是必要的。
在第三方面,本发明提供了形成板件的方法,所述板件包括:第一和第二金属面层;隔热泡沫体层;和在所述金属面层和所述泡沫体层之间的至少一层阻火层,所述阻火层包括下列物质中的至少一种:多孔二氧化硅;中空玻璃微球;玻璃纤维、岩石纤维、玄武岩纤维或碳纤维;无机陶瓷化组合物;可膨胀石墨在聚氨酯聚合物基体或聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯聚合物基体或聚氨酯/聚脲聚合物基体中的分散体,所述方法包括下列步骤:
-提供所述第一金属面层,其具有以液体反应混合物的形式施用的至少一层阻火层;
-将所述隔热泡沫体层以液体反应混合物的形式施加到所述阻火层上;和
-将所述第二金属面层施加到所述隔热泡沫体层上。
可以以连续或非连续的方法制造本发明的板件。
合适地,使用PU/PIR胶粘剂,且将其以液体的形式施用。
可以使用利用模具的非连续方法。在该方法中,金属面层适当地位于模具(优选加热的模具)中,注入用于形成隔热泡沫体层的反应混合物(如使用发泡机),从而填充模具并且粘附于金属面层。可以在将金属面层置于模具中之前或当金属面层在模具中时,加入阻火层。
在存在超过一层阻火层的情况中,可以以任意顺序在金属面层上形成层。然而,优选具有邻接于泡沫体核的隔热材料。
接合处阻火层
在第四方面,本发明涉及板件装置,其包括:
-两个或更多个相邻的板件,它们任选地如上所述,各板件包括金属面层和隔热泡沫体层,和
-位于相邻的板件之间的接合区域中的阻火材料,
其中所述阻火材料包括下列物质中的至少一种:多孔二氧化硅;中空玻璃微球;玻璃纤维;无机陶瓷化组合物;可膨胀石墨在聚氨酯聚合物基体或聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯聚合物基体或聚氨酯/聚脲聚合物基体中的分散体。
合适的接合处阻火材料是如上所述的阻火材料。
在第五方面,本发明涉及形成如上所述的板件装置的方法,其包括如下步骤:
-提供具有阻火材料的板件;和
-与所述第一板件相邻装配一个或多个其它板件,以使得所述阻火材料位于相邻板件之间的接合区域中。
适当地,采用搭接部分装配板件,如可以将沿其边缘具有凸起部分的板件装配在沿其边缘具有互补的凹陷部分的板件上。可以将板件彼此之间进行装配和/或将板件装配到建筑结构上。优选通过摩擦配合(friction fit)和/或使用螺钉来连接板件。
任选地,垫片也位于接合区域中。垫片可以由泡沫体形成,优选由软质泡沫体形成。通常在板件生产期间由辊子供应垫片。
优选以液体反应混合物的形式将阻火材料施加在接合区域上,例如通过灌注或喷射。这可以在板件生产之后完成,或这可以在板件安装之前就地完成。例如可以通过包括两层或更多层阻火层来包括两种或更多种阻火材料。
本发明的其它方面
在第六方面,本发明涉及阻火组合物,其包括:
-分散在聚氨酯/聚脲聚合物基体中的多孔二氧化硅,通过使碱金属硅酸盐水溶液与含异氰酸酯的预聚物反应可获得所述聚合物基体;或
-分散在聚氨酯聚合物基体或聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯聚合物基体中的中空二氧化硅微球和无机陶瓷化组合物。
在阻火组合物中多种阻火材料的优选量如下:
2wt%-9wt%多孔二氧化硅;
20wt%-60wt%陶瓷化组合物;
5wt%-15wt%中空二氧化硅微球。
在第七方面,本发明涉及用于形成阻火组合物的反应物,其包括:
-多孔二氧化硅在碱金属硅酸盐水溶液反应物中的分散体,所述碱金属硅酸盐水溶液反应物适合于与含异氰酸酯的预聚物反应物反应形成聚氨酯/聚脲聚合物;或
-无机陶瓷化组合物和中空二氧化硅微球在多元醇中的分散体,所述多元醇适合于与含异氰酸酯的反应物反应形成聚氨酯或聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯。
在反应物中多种阻火材料的优选量如下:
3wt%-10wt%多孔二氧化硅;
40wt%-80wt%陶瓷化组合物;
10wt%-20wt%中空二氧化硅微球。
与本发明的任何方面有关的所述特征可以与本发明的任何其它方面联用。
本发明包括如下方案:
方案1.板件(22),其包括:
-金属面层(12,A);
-隔热泡沫体层(D);和
-在所述金属面层(12,A)和所述泡沫体层(D)之间的至少一层阻火层(B,C),所述阻火层(B,C)包括下列物质中的至少一种:多孔二氧化硅;中空玻璃微球;玻璃纤维;无机陶瓷化组合物;可膨胀石墨在聚氨酯聚合物基体或聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯聚合物基体或聚氨酯/聚脲聚合物基体中的分散体。
方案2.方案1的板件(22),其中所述阻火层(B,C)是连续的,将所述阻火层(B,C)连续地粘合到所述金属面层(12,A)和所述隔热泡沫体层(D)上。
方案3.方案1或方案2的板件(22),其中所述阻火层(B,C)包括多孔二氧化硅、中空玻璃微球、玻璃纤维、无机陶瓷化组合物中的至少一种在聚氨酯聚合物基体或聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯聚合物基体或聚氨酯/聚脲聚合物基体中的分散体。
方案4.方案3的板件(22),其中所述阻火层(B,C)包括通过使碱金属硅酸盐水溶液与含异氰酸酯的预聚物反应可获得的聚氨酯/聚脲聚合物。
方案5.形成前述方案的任一项的板件(22)的方法,其包括下列步骤:
-提供具有至少一层阻火层(B,C)的第一金属面层(12,A);
-将呈液体反应混合物形式的隔热泡沫体层(D)施加于所述阻火层(B,C)上;和
-将第二金属面层(20,A)施加于所述隔热泡沫体层(D)上。
方案6.方案5的方法,其中(a)将所述至少一层阻火层(B,C)以液体反应混合物的形式施用;或(b)将所述至少一层阻火层(B,C)以固体的形式施用。
方案7.方案6(a)的方法,其中所述液体反应混合物包括多孔二氧化硅、中空玻璃微球、玻璃纤维、无机陶瓷化组合物、可膨胀石墨中的至少一种在基于异氰酸酯的反应混合物中的分散体。
方案8.方案6(b)的方法,其中以固体形式施用的所述阻火层(B,C)是多孔二氧化硅在预形成的聚合物基体中的分散体。
方案9.形成板件(22)的方法,所述板件(22)包括:第一和第二金属面层(12,A;20,A);隔热泡沫体层(D);和在所述金属面层(12,A)和所述隔热泡沫体层(D)之间的至少一层阻火层(B,C),所述阻火层(B,C)包括下列物质中的至少一种:多孔二氧化硅;中空玻璃微球;玻璃纤维、岩石纤维、玄武岩纤维或碳纤维;无机陶瓷化组合物;可膨胀石墨在聚氨酯聚合物基体或聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯聚合物基体或聚氨酯/聚脲聚合物基体中的分散体,所述方法包括下列步骤:
-提供所述第一金属面层(12,A),其具有以液体反应混合物的形式施用的所述至少一层阻火层(B,C);
-将所述隔热泡沫体层(D)以液体反应混合物的形式施加到所述阻火层(B,C)上;和
-将所述第二金属面层(20,A)施加到所述隔热泡沫体层(D)上。
方案10.板件装置(46),其包括:
-两个或更多个相邻的板件(22),它们任选地如方案1-4的任一项所述,各板件(22)包括金属面层(12,A)和隔热泡沫体层(D),和
-位于相邻的板件(22)之间的接合区域(50)中的阻火材料(B),
其中所述阻火材料(B)包括下列物质中的至少一种:多孔二氧化硅;中空玻璃微球;玻璃纤维;无机陶瓷化组合物;可膨胀石墨在聚氨酯聚合物基体或聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯聚合物基体或聚氨酯/聚脲聚合物基体中的分散体。
方案11.形成方案10的板件装置(46)的方法,其包括下列步骤:
-提供具有阻火材料(B)的板件(22);和
-与所述第一板件(22)相邻装配一个或多个其它板件(22),以使得所述阻火材料(B)位于相邻板件(22)之间的接合区域(50)中。
方案12.阻火组合物(B,C),其包括:
-分散在聚氨酯/聚脲聚合物基体中的多孔二氧化硅,通过使碱金属硅酸盐水溶液与含异氰酸酯的预聚物反应可获得所述聚合物基体;或
-分散在聚氨酯聚合物基体或聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯聚合物基体中的中空二氧化硅微球和无机陶瓷化组合物。
方案13.用于形成阻火组合物(B,C)的反应物,其包括:
-多孔二氧化硅在碱金属硅酸盐水溶液反应物中的分散体,所述碱金属硅酸盐水溶液反应物适合于与含异氰酸酯的预聚物反应物反应形成聚氨酯/聚脲聚合物;或
-无机陶瓷化组合物和中空二氧化硅微球在多元醇中的分散体,所述多元醇适合于与含异氰酸酯的反应物反应形成聚氨酯或聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯。
附图
图1显示了根据本发明的第一优选实施方式的板件的透视图。各层(它们可能不是全部存在)按顺序为:金属面层A;阻火层(1)B;阻火层(2)C;隔热泡沫体D;金属面层A。
图2显示了制造图1的板件的方法。图2(a)显示了通过模具的横截面。图2(b)显示了图2(a)的模具的平面图。图2(c)显示了使用图2(a)和2(b)的模具形成的板件。
图3显示了测试图1的板件的耐火性能的方法。图3(a)显示了设备和板件的透视图。图3(b)显示了用于图3(a)的设备中的夹具。图3(c)显示了在测试期间图3(a)的设备和板件的侧视图。
图4显示了包括根据本发明的第二优选实施方式的接合区域的板件侧视图。各组件(它们可能不是全部存在)为:金属面层A;标准垫片E;阻火层B;隔热泡沫体D。
图5显示了装配在相邻板件上的图4的板件装置的侧视图。
实施例
参考下列非限定性实施例进一步地描述本发明。
材料
聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫体核
将包括(A)包括发泡剂和催化剂的多元醇和(B)聚合的异氰酸酯PMDI的双组分体系用于泡沫体核。使CN 604多元醇(A)与指数为2.85的高官能度的PMDI(B)反应。CN 604是The Dow Chemical Company的商品。
聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯胶粘层
将包括(A)添加了催化剂的多元醇和(B)聚合的异氰酸酯PMDI的双组分体系用于阻火层。使MB 3171多元醇(A)与官能度为2.7的PMDI(B)(指数为2.00)反应。MB 3171是The Dow Chemical Company的商品。
聚氨酯胶粘层
将包括(A)多元醇和(B)聚合的异氰酸酯PMDI的双组分体系用于阻火层中。使CP 450多元醇(A)与官能度为2.7的PMDI(B)(指数为1.00)反应。CP450是The Dow Chemical Company的商品。
聚氨酯/聚脲胶粘层
通过使(A)在水中的硅酸钠溶液(俗名:水玻璃)和(B)异氰酸酯封端的聚氨酯(预聚物)反应来获得聚氨酯/聚脲胶粘性涂料。使用在水中的37wt%硅酸钠溶液(得自Sigma-Aldrich Inc.)作为(A)部分;使用JM 5002预聚物作为(B)部分。JM 5002是The Dow Chemical Company的商品。
填料:陶瓷化组合物
已知在高温进行烧结的无机矿物的共混物(商品名:Ceram Polymerik )购自Ceram Polymerik Ltd。按收到的原样使用该材料(白色、精细粉末),而不作任何进一步的提纯。认为它含有ATH/滑石/APP。
填料:高岭土粉末
高岭土(无水硅酸铝,Al2Si2O5(OH)4)粉末(平均粒度为3.8μm)购自Advanced Materials。在不作任何进一步提纯的情况下使用该材料。
填料:硅酸盐水泥
硅酸盐水泥(商品名:Leca CS 1600)购自Laterlite S.p.A.(Milan),在不作任何进一步的提纯的情况下进行使用。
填料:二氧化硅气凝胶粉末
粉末状二氧化硅气凝胶(商业名:CabotTLD102)购自CabotCorporation,在不作任何进一步的提纯的情况下进行使用。使用的等级显示了较宽尺寸的颗粒(直径至多1.2mm),所述颗粒的平均密度为80-90kg/m3。
填料:玻璃泡
中空玻璃微球购自3M公司。该球可以以商标名3M Glass Bubbles S35TM商购得到;它们的密度为350kg/m3。
填料:可膨胀石墨
可膨胀石墨得自Nordmann Rassmann。该产品以商标名KP251商购得到。它的平均粒度为250μm。
填料:玻璃纤维
从Hainan Fuwang Industrial Co.Ltd of China得到短玻璃纤维(25mm长,直径为12μm)。
毡:二氧化硅气凝胶毡
商业的二氧化硅气凝胶毡(商品名:Cabot Thermal 厚度:6mm)购自Cabot Corporation,不作任何处理进行使用。该毡由在聚乙烯和聚酯的无纺纤维内的颗粒组成。
毡:矿渣棉毡
商业的矿渣棉毡(商品名:234;厚度:20mm)购自Rockwool ItaliaS.p.A,不作任何处理进行使用。
方法
模具设置
模具装置示于图2(a)和2(b)中。
在铝模具10(30x30x10cm)(其壁恒温地保持在50℃)中,20x20cm钢板12(厚度0.4mm;下部钢面层)居中,位于离模具壁~5cm处。将四个20x10x10cm铝隔板14放置在钢板12的上面,所有隔板均沿着模具的边沿;中心的10x10x10cm孔16仍保留在模具10中。
将四条可商购的胶粘带18平行于钢板12在中心孔16的上角以45°粘结到铝模具10边缘。将另一10x10cm钢板20(厚度0.4mm;上部钢面层)放置在粘过的角上(tapedcorners),以关闭模具10。
在1小时以后,采用热电偶检查隔板14的温度;随后再次关闭模具10,直至温度达到50℃。当达到该温度时,开启模具10,暂时移去上部钢面层20,以进行泡沫体灌注。
小型板件的生产
图1显示了根据实施例的小型板件。图2总结了生产方法。
在模具中制备阻火层和泡沫体核。为了形成第一阻火层B(结构完整性阻隔层或组合的结构完整性阻隔和隔热层),通过手动混合各组分来获得多元醇或水玻璃组合物;在加入异氰酸酯之后,在下部钢面层12/A之上的模具10中将40g反应混合物快速倒入中心孔16中。
在由液体反应混合物形成第二阻火层C(隔热层)的情况中,以相同的方法制备它。在灌注第一阻火层之后不超过20s,将40g反应混合物灌注在模具10中的中心孔16中的第一阻火层B之上。可替换地,在将毡(二氧化硅气凝胶毡或矿渣棉毡)用作第二阻火层的情况中,在灌注之后不超过20s,轻轻地将它放置在第一阻火层之上。
通过手动混合各组分、和将反应混合物倒在阻火层之上,来制备PU/PIR泡沫体层D。在灌注上部的阻火层的情况中,这应在灌注的20s之内完成。
在灌注泡沫体组合物之后,快速安置上部钢面层20/A,在PU/PIR泡沫体达到上部钢面层20/A之前关闭模具10。
在反应10分钟之后,开启模具10,从模具中移出小型板件22(Fig.2(c))。
小型板件装置的制备
由可商购的夹心板件(PW 1000,得自Painel 2000,Portugal)形成具有接合区域的小型板件装置(实施例4,图4和图5)。从两个夹心板件中的每一个的边缘部分取出10cm(垂直于边缘)x 20cm(沿边缘)的带。一个夹心板件具有凸起边缘部分42,另一夹心板件具有凹陷边缘部分44。凹陷边缘部分44配有PU/PIR泡沫体垫片E。
通过在杯中手动混合各组分和将液体反应混合物倒在一个板件条的凹陷边缘部分44上,来形成阻火材料B。随后将第二板件条立即放置在适当的位置上,以利用阻火材料B的胶粘性质。
因此,制备了面积为20x20cm的板件装置46(图5)。在接合区域50的末端使用两个自攻螺钉48来将板件装置46固定在合适的位置。螺钉48延伸穿过板件,出现在相反面。
小型板件和小型板件装置的耐火性能的表征
该方法总结于图3中。
在钢架24上支撑了小型板件22(图3(a))。钢架24的形式为尺寸为20cm x 20cm的方形平台,其具有中心的10cm x 10cm孔28,在各角处支撑于高度为20cm的支柱30上。使用至少四个金属夹具34(图3(b))将板件22夹在钢架上(在点“X”处),以使得板件22与在平台26中的孔28对齐。将本生灯36放置在下部钢面层12(图3(c))的中心之下。将第一针热电偶38安置在板件22的中心(即离各面5cm处)中。使第二针热电偶40与下部钢面层12的中心接触,将其用于确认在所有的实验中达到了相同的温度。从燃烧的开始监测温度随时间的变化。
在实验结束时将破坏测量为破坏的高度。使用小型测试来提供指示的结果。
使用类似的小型火焰测试来测试在板件之间的接合区域中的阻火材料(实施例4)。
用于中型耐火性测试的板件的生产
制备了尺寸为60x60x8cm的金属面层夹心元件。使用与空气喷射混合头设备结合的低压发泡机来将阻火层分布在金属面层上。随后将金属面层放置在模具中。使用高压发泡机将PIR反应混合物注入加热的模具中。
在中型测试中耐火性能的表征
使用能够依照EN 1363-1标准的温度/时间曲线的加热炉来测试60x60cm夹心板件。在表面的中心位置中记录夹心板件的“冷”侧的温度与时间。得自中型测试的结果比得自小型测试的那些结果更为可靠。
实施例
实施例1-结构完整性阻隔层
实施例1-1:如图1中所示的多层夹心板件,其中层B是通过使采用陶瓷化组合物Ceram Polymerik(总组合物(即整个层B)的50wt%)填充的MB 3171与官能度为2.7的PMDI反应来获得的聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯胶粘层。不存在层C。层D是基于CN 604的泡沫体。
对比例1-2:如图1中所示的夹心板件。层D是CN 604聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫体,不含阻火层B或C。
对比例1-3:如图1中所示的多层夹心板件,其中层B是通过使Voramer MB 3171多元醇与PMDI异氰酸酯反应来获得的聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯胶粘层。不存在层C。层D是基于CN 604的泡沫体。
对比例1-4:如图1中所示的多层夹心板件,其中层B是通过使采用高岭土(总组合物(即整个层B)的31wt%)填充的MB 3171与官能度为2.7的PMDI反应来获得的聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯胶粘层。不存在层C。层D是基于CN 604的泡沫体。
对比例1-5:如图1中所示的多层夹心板件,其中层B是通过使采用硅酸盐水泥(总组合物(即整个层B)的31wt%)填充的MB 3171与官能度为2.7的PMDI反应来获得的聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯胶粘层。不存在层C。层D是基于CN 604的泡沫体。
对比例1-6:如图1中所示的多层夹心板件,其中层B是通过使异氰酸酯预聚物(JM 5002)与水玻璃(在水中的37.1wt%硅酸钠溶液)反应获得的聚氨酯/聚脲胶粘层。不存在层C。层D是基于CN 604的泡沫体。
实施例1-7:如图1中所示的多层夹心板件,其中层B是通过使采用短玻璃纤维(25mm长)(总组合物(即整个层B)的10wt%)填充的MB3171与官能度为2.7的PMDI反应获得的聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯胶粘层。不存在层C。层D是基于CN 604的泡沫体。
实施例2-隔热层
实施例2-1:如图1中所示的多层夹心板件,其中层B是通过使采用中空二氧化硅微球3M S35(总组合物(即整个层B)的18wt%)填充的MB 3171与官能度为2.7的PMDI反应获得的聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯胶粘层。不存在层C。层D是基于CN 604的泡沫体。
实施例2-2:如图1中所示的多层夹心板件,其中层B是通过使包括二氧化硅气凝胶的多元醇和异氰酸酯反应获得的聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯胶粘层。使用了多元醇(由Cabot的微米级颗粒填充的MB 3171)。相对于分散的组合物(整个层B)的二氧化硅气凝胶含量为4.3wt%。使用了异氰酸酯(官能度为2.7的PMDI)。不存在层C。层D是基于CN 604的泡沫体。
实施例2-3:如图1中所示的多层夹心板件,其中层B是通过使包括二氧化硅气凝胶的多元醇和异氰酸酯反应获得的聚氨酯胶粘层。使用了多元醇(由Cabot的微米级颗粒填充的CP 450)。相对于分散的组合物(整个层B)的二氧化硅气凝胶含量为3.8wt%。使用了异氰酸酯(官能度为2.7的PMDI)。不存在层C。层D是基于CN604的泡沫体。
实施例2-4:如图1中所示的多层夹心板件,其中层B是通过使Voramer MB 3171多元醇与PMDI异氰酸酯反应获得的聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯胶粘层。层C是100x100x6mmThermal二氧化硅气凝胶毡。层D是基于CN 604的泡沫体。
实施例2-5:如图1中所示的多层夹心板件,其中层B是通过使采用陶瓷化组合物Ceram Polymerik(总组合物(即整个层B)的50wt%)填充的MB 3171与官能度为2.7的PMDI反应来获得的聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯胶粘层。层C是100x100x6mmThermal二氧化硅气凝胶毡。层D是基于CN 604的泡沫体。
实施例2-6:如图1中所示的多层夹心板件,其中层B是通过使采用可膨胀石墨(总组合物(即整个层B)的10wt%)填充的MB 3171与官能度为2.7的PMDI反应来获得的聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯胶粘层。不存在层C。层D是基于CN 604的泡沫体。
对比例2-7:如图1中所示的多层夹心板件,其中层B是通过使Voramer MB 3171多元醇与PMDI异氰酸酯反应获得的聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯胶粘层。层C是100x100x20mm234-级矿渣棉毡。层D是基于CN 604的泡沫体。
实施例3-结合的结构完整性阻隔层和隔热层
实施例3-1:如图1中所示的多层夹心板件,其中层B是通过使采用陶瓷化组合物Ceram Polymerik(总组合物(即整个层B)的40wt%)和中空二氧化硅微球(总组合物(即整个层B)的11wt%)二者填充的MB3171与低官能度的PMDI反应获得的PU/PIR胶粘层。不存在层C。层D是基于CN 604的泡沫体。
实施例3-2:如图1中所示的多层夹心板件,其中层B是通过使异氰酸酯预聚物(JM 5002)与可以以商品名Pluronic P105商购得到的表面活性剂和Cabot二氧化硅气凝胶的微米级颗粒的水玻璃(在水中的37.1wt%硅酸钠溶液)分散体反应获得的PU/聚脲聚合物层。相对于分散的组合物(整个层B)的二氧化硅气凝胶含量为4wt%,而表面活性剂为1.6wt%。不存在层C。层D是基于CN 604的泡沫体。
实施例3-3:如图1中所示的多层夹心板件,其中层B是通过使采用中空玻璃微球3MS35TM(总组合物(即整个层B)的18wt%)填充的MB 3171与官能度为2.7的PMDI反应获得的PU/PIR胶粘层。层C是100x100x6mm Thermal二氧化硅气凝胶毡。层D是基于CN 604的泡沫体。
所测试的板件的组成报告于表1(实施例1)和表2(实施例2和3)中。
表1
表2
实施例1-3的结果和讨论
将在小型火焰测试中燃烧15分钟和30分钟之后的样品内部温度连同在切割泡沫体之后的内部破坏高度一起报告于表3(实施例1)和表4(实施例2和3)中。
内部温度提供了隔热性能的指示。破坏高度提供了结构完整性阻隔性能的指示。在这些变量中的每一个的情况中,期望低数值。
小型火焰测试涉及严苛的条件,这是因为测试的热电偶离燃烧源仅5cm。因此,在长至30分钟时阻火作用不起作用。
表3
表4
在表5(实施例1-1、对比例1-2、实施例2-1和2-2)中报告了暴露于中型耐火测试中的夹心板件在15分钟、30分钟和40分钟之后的“冷”侧上的温度。
表5
从表3和表4中可以看到,在存在结构完整性阻隔和隔热材料二者(复合的或单独的)的情况中(实施例2-1、2-5和3),在小型火焰测试中达到了非常好的结果。在15分钟之后的温度为46℃至69℃。破坏高度(在测量的情况中)为55mm至61mm。将其与采用未改性APL的对照(对比例1-3)的在15分钟之后的温度(108℃)和破坏高度(63mm)进行比较。
从表3中还可以看到,与使用高岭土或硅酸盐水泥(实施例1-1和对比例1-4和1-5)的阻火层相比,包括陶瓷化组合物在PU/PIR中的分散体(作为结构完整性阻隔材料)的阻火层得到了最低的破坏高度(62mm),并且得到了较低的在15分钟之后的温度(73℃)。使用包括短玻璃纤维在PU/PIR中的分散体(作为结构完整性阻隔材料)的阻火层也达到了低的在15分钟之后的温度(69℃)。在WO2006010697中将高岭土和硅酸盐水泥用作填料。
从表4中还可以看到,与矿渣棉毡的使用(实施例2-4和对比例2-7)相比,二氧化硅气凝胶毡的使用得到了较低的破坏高度(64mm),并且得到了较低的在15分钟之后的温度(69℃)。
从表5中可以看到,在中型火焰测试中,中空二氧化硅微球(实施例2-1)、气凝胶(实施例2-2)和可膨胀石墨在PU/PIR中的分散体(实施例2-6)提供了良好的性能。在中型火焰测试中,与在30分钟时和在40分钟时的那些结果相比,在15分钟时的结果较为不显著。发现实施例2-1阻火层的隔热失效延迟了约20分钟,这导致了I=55的性能(参考上文的EN测试)。对于燃烧的板件的观察显示了在暴露侧上的致密的、内聚的焦化物,且在之下的PIR泡沫体中裂缝的深度减少。
实施例4-接合处保护
对比例4-1:具有如图5中所示的接合区域的板件,其具有标准的开孔泡沫垫片E,没有阻火层B。
实施例4-2:具有如图5中所示的接合区域的板件,其中阻火层B是通过使采用中空二氧化硅微球3M S35(总组合物(即整个层B)的20wt%)填充的MB 3171与官能度为2.7的PMDI反应获得的聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯胶粘层。将阻火层B施加在标准垫片E上。
实施例4-3:具有如图5中所示的接合区域的板件,其中阻火层B是通过使采用陶瓷化组合物Ceram Polymerik(总组合物(即整个层B)的50wt%)填充的MB 3171与官能度为2.7的PMDI反应获得的聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯胶粘层。将阻火层B直接施加在板件的隔热泡沫体上。不存在垫片E。
所述板件接受上述小型火焰测试的变型。
实施例4的结果示于表6中。
表6
从表6中可以看到,与不将阻火层包括在接合区域中(对比例4-1)的情况下的结果相比,在将阻火层包括在接合区域中(实施例4-2和4-3)的情况下在火焰测试中得到了好结果。
提出的其它实施例
实施例4-2:具有如图5中所示的接合区域的板件,其中阻火层B是通过使异氰酸酯预聚物(JM 5002)与可以以商品名Pluronic P105商购得到的表面活性剂和Cabot二氧化硅气凝胶的微米级颗粒的水玻璃(在水中的37.1wt%硅酸钠溶液)分散体反应获得的PU/聚脲聚合物层。相对于分散的组合物(整个层B)的二氧化硅气凝胶含量为4wt%,而表面活性剂为1.6wt%。将阻火层B施加在标准垫片E上。
实施例4-3:具有如图5中所示的接合区域的板件,其中阻火层B具有在实施例4-2中所使用的组成,但将其直接施加在板件的隔热泡沫体上。不存在垫片E。
实施例4-5:具有如图5中所示的接合区域的板件,其中阻火层B具有在实施例4-4中所使用的组成,但将其直接施加在板件的隔热泡沫体上。不存在垫片E。
本发明的优选实施方式的板件利用了多层多功能的概念来结合结构完整性阻隔和隔热性能。达到了非常良好的耐火性能。还可以将该发现施用于接合处保护中。
此外,本发明的优选实施方式的板件易于制造。相较于WO2006010697这是一个改进,在WO2006010697中水玻璃化学难以用于连续生产过程中,这是因为在基于水玻璃的层和金属层之间缺乏粘合性。在本发明的优选实施方式的阻火层中使用PU/PIR使得实现了对金属面层和对PIR泡沫体核的良好粘合。
尽管已参考举例说明性优选实施方式和实施例来描述本发明,但是技术人员将认识到在权利要求的范围之内的各种变型是可能的。
Claims (6)
1.形成板件(22)的方法,
所述板件(22)包括:
-金属面层(12,A);
-隔热泡沫体层(D);和
-在所述金属面层(12,A)和所述隔热泡沫体层(D)之间的至少一层阻火层(B,C),所述阻火层(C)包括多孔二氧化硅在预形成的聚合物基体中的分散体;
所述方法包括下列步骤:
-提供所述金属面层(12,A)和所述至少一层阻火层(B,C),其中所述阻火层(C)包括多孔二氧化硅在预形成的聚合物基体中的分散体,所述阻火层(C)以固体形式施用;
-将所述隔热泡沫体层(D)以液体反应混合物的形式施加到所述阻火层(B,C)上;和
-将第二金属面层(20,A)施加到所述隔热泡沫体层(D)上。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述阻火层(B,C)是连续的,并且将所述阻火层(B,C)连续地粘合到所述金属面层(12,A)和所述隔热泡沫体层(D)上。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其中所述阻火层(B,C)的厚度为2mm至20mm。
4.如前述权利要求任一项所述的方法,包括另外阻火层(B),所述另外阻火层(B)包括多孔二氧化硅、中空玻璃微球、玻璃纤维、无机陶瓷化组合物、可膨胀石墨中的至少一种在聚氨酯聚合物基体、聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯聚合物基体或聚氨酯/聚脲聚合物基体中的分散体。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法,其中所述另外阻火层(B)以液体反应混合物的形式施用。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法,其中用于形成所述另外阻火层(B)的所述液体反应混合物包括多孔二氧化硅、中空玻璃微球、玻璃纤维、无机陶瓷化组合物、可膨胀石墨中的至少一种在基于异氰酸酯的反应混合物中的分散体。
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EP3613583A1 (en) | 2020-02-26 |
CN103874575A (zh) | 2014-06-18 |
EP2581216A1 (en) | 2013-04-17 |
MX2014004488A (es) | 2014-08-01 |
CN103874575B (zh) | 2016-09-21 |
EP2766181B1 (en) | 2020-01-22 |
CA2851914A1 (en) | 2013-04-18 |
JP2014534097A (ja) | 2014-12-18 |
PL2766181T3 (pl) | 2020-07-13 |
US20140212619A1 (en) | 2014-07-31 |
BR112014008643A2 (pt) | 2017-04-25 |
ES2773331T3 (es) | 2020-07-10 |
WO2013053566A1 (en) | 2013-04-18 |
EP2766181A1 (en) | 2014-08-20 |
US20170067248A1 (en) | 2017-03-09 |
IN2014CN02641A (zh) | 2015-08-07 |
RU2609044C2 (ru) | 2017-01-30 |
RU2014118724A (ru) | 2015-11-20 |
MX350888B (es) | 2017-09-22 |
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