CN106386475A - Phytoenzyme mutagenesis grafting breeding method - Google Patents
Phytoenzyme mutagenesis grafting breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106386475A CN106386475A CN201610858734.2A CN201610858734A CN106386475A CN 106386475 A CN106386475 A CN 106386475A CN 201610858734 A CN201610858734 A CN 201610858734A CN 106386475 A CN106386475 A CN 106386475A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/06—Processes for producing mutations, e.g. treatment with chemicals or with radiation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a phytoenzyme mutagenesis grafting breeding method, which comprises the following steps of jointly crushing complete plant bodies of selected stocks and scions, drought-enduring plants, cold-resistant plant leaves and disease-resistant and pest-resistant plants; charging the crushed materials into a plastic barrel; adding plant enzymes; storing the materials for at least three months to be prepared into phytoenzyme raw liquid; mixing water into the phytoenzyme raw liquid to be prepared into phytoenzyme liquid; adding seeds of stocks and scions into the phytoenzyme liquid; performing soaking; charging the materials into a plastic bag for immersion; after the seeding and seedling emergence, spraying the phytoenzyme liquid until the mature; selecting ideal plants to be used as the scions and the stock seeds from the plants; performing grafting; selecting ideal variant plants from the plants; breeding novel strains and new species according to a conventional seed selection method. The multiplex induction on the scions and the stocks is performed; female parents and male parents generate breakthrough variation; particularly, the zero generation variation and ideal variation are obvious; conditions are created for culturing novel high-yield, high-quality, disease-resistant, pest-resistant, cold-resistant and dough-resistant varieties.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of plant cultivation, particularly to a kind of phytoenzyme mutation method for grafting and breeding.
Background technology
New crop varieties have very important effect in promoting grain-production, and therefore plant breeding has become as generation
The heat subject of various countries of boundary research.
Breeding method common at present has selection and use, cross-breeding, mutagenic breeding (physical mutagenesis breeding and chemomorphosises
Breeding etc.), biotechnology breeding etc., but there is following defect in various degree in these breeding methods：1st, breeding cycle is long；2nd, educate
Plant success rate low；3rd, breeding is predictable low；4th, particularly it is difficult to cultivate disease-resistant, pest-resistant, high-quality, high-yield variety；Therefore,
The new plant breeding method of exploratory development, quickly breeding goes out disease-resistant, pest-resistant, high yield, new quality variety, has become as countless breedings
The target that knowledgeable people lays siege to throughout one's life.
Content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of phytoenzyme mutation method for grafting and breeding, solves existing breeding method breeding cycle length, educates
Kind of success rate is low, breeding predictable low, be particularly difficult to cultivate disease-resistant, pest-resistant, high-quality, high-yield variety problem.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that：
A kind of phytoenzyme mutation method for grafting and breeding, comprises the following steps：
(1) prepare phytoenzyme liquid
The full plants body of selected stock and scion powder together with drought-enduring plant, hardy plant leaf, disease-resistant zoophobous
Broken, the material after pulverizing is put in Plastic Drum；Add plant enzyme, deposit at least 3 months, make phytoenzyme stock solution；Take
State phytoenzyme stock solution, by volume for 1：200 ratios add water, and are configured to phytoenzyme liquid；
2) phytoenzyme method of mutagenesis is used to cultivate scion and stock seed
2.1) scion selected and the seed of stock, add in the phytoenzyme liquid that step (1) prepares, soak 1-2 little
Shi Hou, pulls out in loading plastic bag, after 2-4 hour of infiltration, sowing；
2.2), after insemination and emergence, the phytoenzyme liquid that often daily step (1) prepares sprays 2-3 time；After 20 days, 1-2 days
Spray 1-2 phytoenzyme liquid, until ripe；Appearance character is therefrom selected to have the plant of variation or overall character preferably to plant
Strain, as scion and stock seed；
(3) phytoenzyme mutation engrafting method is used to implement grafting
3.1) by step 2.2) stock of mutation that selects and ingraftment seed be in the phytoenzyme liquid that step (1) prepares
After soaking 1-2 hour, pull out in loading plastic bag, after 2-4 hour of infiltration, sowing；
3.2) step 3.1) after insemination and emergence, the phytoenzyme liquid that often daily step (1) prepares sprays 2-3 time, up to
Scion and the suitable grafting of stock；
3.3) gather scion seedling, put it into infiltration in the phytoenzyme liquid that step (1) prepares and process, in case transferring
Connect；The phytoenzyme liquid being prepared step (1) with syringe injects from step 3.2) selection the grafting otch of stock in,
In case grafting；
3.4) by the scion processing seedling, after removing root, intervene step 3.3) in the grafting otch that processed, complete grafting；
3.5), 15～30 days after grafting, the phytoenzyme liquid that often daily step (1) prepares sprays maintenance 2-3 time, until
Survive；Survive latter 30 days, spray 1-2 time daily；Spray 1-2 phytoenzyme liquid within every 1-2 days later, until ripe, Cong Zhongxuan
Select preferable variation plant；
3.6) by step 3.5) seed that selects is by step 2.1), 2.2) repeat to plant, often daily step (1) prepares
Phytoenzyme liquid sprays maintenance 2-3 time, after 20 days, sprays 1-2 phytoenzyme liquid within 1-2 days, until ripe, therefrom select preferable
Variation plant；Routinely seed choosing method, New Line Selected, new varieties.
Wherein it is preferred to, in described step (1) plant enzyme with pulverize after weight of material ratio for 3～5:1.
Wherein it is preferred to, described drought-enduring plant be horse Thallus Porphyrae, Aloe, Radix et Caulis Opuntiae Dillenii, Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum., Populus euphratica, bubble fruit Radix Calligoni Mongolici,
Any one or a few in hemp, west of a river chrysanthemum.
Wherein it is preferred to, described hardy plant leaf is cedar leaf, appointing in Folium Ginkgo, white birch leaf, Folium Pini, Corylus mandshurica leaf
Anticipate one or more.
Wherein it is preferred to, described disease-resistant zoophobous is Folium Artemisiae Argyi, Rhizoma Belamcandae grass, any one or a few in Fructus biebersteiniae.
Wherein it is preferred to, the stock that described step (1) is selected and the full plants body of scion and drought-enduring plant, cold-resistant plant
Thing leaf, the weight of disease-resistant zoophobous are than for 1：1：1：1.
Present invention finds plant enzyme induction variation, and phytoenzyme method of mutagenesis and engrafting method are combined into compound breeding
Method；Key technology point is to make preferable composite plant enzyme liquid body, and soaked with it sprout breeding objective plant and scion and
Stock seed, and it grows overall process to spray maintenance, induces it to produce preferable variation.
The floristics contained by phytoenzyme liquid made at present include：Respectively with Semen arachidis hypogaeae, Semen sojae atricolor, Semen Tritici aestivi, Semen Maydiss, water
Rice, Sorghum vulgare Pers., Radix Ipomoeae, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, Semen Sesami, Semen Brassicae campestriss, Fructus Luffae, Fructus Capsici, Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae, Fructus Benincasae, fresh kidney beans etc. be scion (or respectively with jade
Rice, Sorghum vulgare Pers., Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Radix Ginseng, Radix Polygoni Multiflori, the Radix Rehmanniae, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Fructus Lycii, Radix Puerariae, Radix Paeoniae, the Radix Astragali, Helianthi, Semen Juglandiss, Fructus Fici, batch
Tree, Caulis Sacchari sinensis, Dens Equi dish, Radix et Caulis Opuntiae Dillenii, Aloe, Folium Artemisiae Argyi, Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae, calabash, Fructus Luffae, Fructus Momordicae charantiae, fresh kidney beans, Fructus Melo, Citrullus vulgariss, Fructus Benincasae, west
Red Fructus Kaki, Fructus Solani melongenae, Amaranthus mangostanus L., Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae, Folium Perillae, Herba Pogostemoniss, Fructus Capsici, Fructus Fragariae Ananssae, Alfalfa etc. are stock and the leaves of purpurea, Folium Pini and Cacumen Platycladi, willow
The Chinese herbal medicine such as leaf, ginkgo leaf, Fructus Vitis viniferae, Punica granatum L. leaveves, the Radix Rehmanniae, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Flos Lonicerae, Herba Plantaginiss, ten Herba Coriandris and Fructus Mali pumilae, Fructus Pruni salicinae,
The fruit such as Fructus Persicae, Fructus Pruni, Fructus Musae are multiplexed combination, have made more than 2000 jin of composite plant proenzyme liquid, contained plant monomer is up to
Kind more than 100.
With this method of the present invention, the germ plasm resource cultivated, new lines have：Semen arachidis hypogaeae, Semen sojae atricolor, Semen Tritici aestivi, Semen Maydiss, water
Rice, Semen Sesami, Sorghum vulgare Pers., Fructus Luffae, Fructus Capsici, Fructus Momordicae charantiae, Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, Radix Ipomoeae, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, Fructus Colocasiae Esculentae etc. more than 900.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1) effect is good：Multiple induction scion and stock, maternal and male parent produce breakthrough variation, the variation of particularly zero generation and
Preferable variation substantially, creates condition for cultivation high yield, high-quality, disease-resistant pest-resistant, cold-resistant drought-enduring new varieties.
2) easy and simple to handle：, compared with cross-breeding, simplicity is to the degree that cannot imagine for this method；Cross-breeding, operation is difficult
Degree is big, self-pollinated plant, or even cannot operate, no matter and what plant of this method can operate, under technician instructs,
Anyone can operate, and difficult crop breeding is become everybody operable easy work.
3) suitability is wide：All plants, can cultivate new varieties in this way；It is applied to global all regions.
4) efficiency high：This method speed of mutation is fast, intensity big, and breeding efficiency is high, compares with cross-breeding, and efficiency improves number
More than ten times.
5) low cost：Integrated cost reduces several times, or even decades of times.
6) it is easy to promote：Only need to the culture seed selection talent, have the seed selection talent, want to do what what just does, want to do much
Just do much, think where do with regard to where doing.
Specific embodiment
Below the embodiment it is clear that described is clearly and completely described to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention
It is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, the common skill in this area
The every other embodiment that art personnel are obtained under the premise of not making creative work, broadly falls into the model of present invention protection
Enclose.
Embodiment 1 uses phytoenzyme mutation method for grafting and breeding to cultivate new soybean varieties
The present embodiment makees scion with Semen sojae atricolor, with Fructus Colocasiae Esculentae as stock, lures mutation grafting method of breeding inducing soybean to become with phytoenzyme
Different, cultivate new soybean varieties, comprise the following steps：
(1) prepare phytoenzyme liquid
Selected Semen sojae atricolor, Fructus Colocasiae Esculentae are pulverized together with drought-enduring plant, hardy plant leaf, disease-resistant zoophobous, Semen sojae atricolor, Fructus Colocasiae Esculentae,
Drought-enduring plant, hardy plant leaf, disease-resistant zoophobous weight are than for 1：1：1：1：1, the material after pulverizing is put in Plastic Drum；
Add plant enzyme, deposit at least 3 months, make phytoenzyme stock solution；Take above-mentioned phytoenzyme stock solution, by volume for 1：200 ratios
Example adds water, and is configured to phytoenzyme liquid；Wherein, plant enzyme with pulverize after weight of material ratio for 3.8：1；
Wherein, described drought-enduring plant is to wait the horse Thallus Porphyrae of weight portion, Aloe, Radix et Caulis Opuntiae Dillenii, Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum., Populus euphratica, bubble fruit sand to turn
Fructus Jujubae, hemp, west of a river chrysanthemum.
Wherein, the cedar leaf of the weight portion such as described hardy plant Ye Wei, Folium Ginkgo, white birch leaf, Folium Pini, Corylus mandshurica leaf.
Wherein, described disease-resistant zoophobous be wait the Folium Artemisiae Argyi of weight portion, Rhizoma Belamcandae grass, in Fructus biebersteiniae.
(2) phytoenzyme method of mutagenesis is used to cultivate scion and stock seed
2.1) Semen sojae atricolor selected and the seed of Fructus Colocasiae Esculentae, add in the phytoenzyme liquid that step (1) prepares, soak 1.5 little
Shi Hou, pulls out in loading plastic bag, after 3 hours of infiltration, sowing；
2.2), after insemination and emergence, the phytoenzyme liquid that often daily step (1) prepares sprays 2-3 time；After 20 days, 1-2 days
Spray 1-2 phytoenzyme liquid, until ripe；Appearance character is therefrom selected to have the plant of variation or overall character preferably to plant
Strain, as scion and stock seed；
2.3) Semen sojae atricolor and Fructus Colocasiae Esculentae seedling are cultivated.By soybean seed, 300 are soaked 1 hour in phytoenzyme liquid, pull out
Load plastic bag and infiltrate 2 hours；By Fructus Colocasiae Esculentae seed, 300 are soaked 2 hours in phytoenzyme liquid, pull loading plastic bag out
4 hours of infiltration；
2.4) plant.By step 3) ready Semen sojae atricolor and Fructus Colocasiae Esculentae seed, plant in ready soil；
2.5) cultivate scion stock seedling.After Semen sojae atricolor, Fructus Colocasiae Esculentae come up, often daily phytoenzyme liquid sprays 2-3 time；Directly
To enforcement grafting；
(3) phytoenzyme mutation engrafting method is used to implement grafting
3.1) implement grafting.When Semen sojae atricolor is unearthed and grows needle, implement grafting.Its main points：One is collection soybean seedling, will
It is put in the phytoenzyme liquid that step (1) prepares；Two is to be injected phytoenzyme liquid in grafting otch with syringe；Three are
Implement grafting operation, soybean seedling is gone to dip in phytoenzyme liquid 5 seconds after root, intervention Fructus Colocasiae Esculentae plant is processed
In otch, seal grand compacting with moistening soil；Four is about 20 days after grafting, and often daily phytoenzyme liquid sprays maintenance 2-3 time, directly
To surviving；Five is to survive in latter 30 days, sprays daily 1-2 time, sprays 1-2 phytoenzyme liquid within every 1-2 days later, until one-tenth
Ripe；
3.2) observe variation.The obvious variation plants 6 such as this season discovery Semen sojae atricolor grows tall, leaf lighter.
3.3) harvest seed.Therefrom select 20 plants (include variation 6), by step 2.1), 2.2) repeat to plant by plant.
Obvious variation plant 8 is found, wherein 1 class compares that illumination is aobvious to grow tall and bear pods many, and 1 change is short, 3 leaves when harvesting seed
Lighter, 3 entirety are become better.
3.4) by step 3.3) 8 Semen sojae atricolor selecting, by step 2.1), 2.2), 2.3) repeat to plant.Find to continue to divide
Change, the plant having variation of substantially becoming better accounts for more than 10%, and the appearance character such as leaf, angle-style also has more apparent difference with compareing.Its
In select 20, as germ plasm resource continue by step 5) repeat plantation；Until selecting preferable plant, routinely seed choosing method,
Selection-breeding new varieties.
Embodiment 2 uses phytoenzyme mutation method for grafting and breeding to cultivate new soybean varieties
The present embodiment makees scion with Semen sojae atricolor, with Semen Maydiss as stock, is made a variation with phytoenzyme mutation grafting method of breeding inducing soybean,
Cultivate new soybean varieties, comprise the following steps：
(1) prepare phytoenzyme liquid
Selected Semen sojae atricolor, Semen Maydiss are pulverized together with drought-enduring plant, hardy plant leaf, disease-resistant zoophobous, Semen sojae atricolor, Semen Maydiss,
Drought-enduring plant, hardy plant leaf, disease-resistant zoophobous weight are than for 1：1：1：1：1, the material after pulverizing is put in Plastic Drum；
Add plant enzyme, deposit at least 3 months, make phytoenzyme stock solution；Take above-mentioned phytoenzyme stock solution, by volume for 1：200 ratios
Example adds water, and is configured to phytoenzyme liquid；Wherein, plant enzyme with pulverize after weight of material ratio for 4：1；
Wherein, described drought-enduring plant is to wait the Aloe of weight portion, Radix et Caulis Opuntiae Dillenii, Populus euphratica, bubble fruit Radix Calligoni Mongolici, hemp, west of a river chrysanthemum.
Wherein, the cedar leaf of weight portion, white birch leaf, the Folium Pini such as described hardy plant Ye Wei.
Wherein it is preferred to, described disease-resistant zoophobous is to wait weight portion Folium Artemisiae Argyi and Rhizoma Belamcandae grass.
(2) phytoenzyme method of mutagenesis is used to cultivate scion and stock seed
2.1) Semen sojae atricolor and corn seedling are cultivated.By soybean seed, 300 are soaked 1 hour in phytoenzyme liquid, pull out
Load plastic bag and infiltrate 2 hours；By corn seed, 300 are soaked 2 hours in phytoenzyme liquid, pull loading plastic bag out
4 hours of infiltration；
2.2) plant.By step 2) ready scion and stock seed, plant in ready soil；
2.3) cultivate scion stock seedling.Step 3) Semen sojae atricolor, after corn seedling is unearthed, often daily phytoenzyme liquid sprays
2-3 time；Until implementing grafting；
(3) phytoenzyme mutation engrafting method is used to implement grafting
3.1) implement grafting.When Semen sojae atricolor is unearthed and grows needle, implement grafting.Its main points：One is collection soybean seedling, will
It puts into step 1) in the phytoenzyme liquid for preparing；Two is to inject phytoenzyme liquid with syringe in grafting otch；Three are
Implement grafting operation, soybean seedling is gone to dip in phytoenzyme liquid after root about 5 seconds, intervention corn plant body is treated
In the otch crossed, seal grand compacting with moistening soil；Four is about 20 days after grafting, and often daily phytoenzyme liquid sprays maintenance 2-3
Secondary, until surviving；Five is to survive in latter 30 days, sprays daily 1-2 time, sprays 1-2 phytoenzyme liquid, directly within every 1-2 days later
To maturation；
3.2) observe variation.This season finds that 20% plant grows tall substantially than comparison, but some plant, knot angle is substantially less
A bit.
3.3) harvest seed.Therefrom select 30 plants of ideal plant, by step 2.1), 2.2) by plant repeat plant
Plant.Obvious variation plant 7 is found, wherein 7 compare that illumination is aobvious to grow tall, 3 leaf lighter when harvesting seed.
3.4) by step 3.3) 7 Semen sojae atricolor selecting, by step 2.1), 2.2), 2.3) repeat to plant.Find to continue to divide
Change, the plant having variation of substantially becoming better accounts for more than 20%, and the appearance character such as leaf, angle-style also has more apparent difference with compareing.Its
In select 100, as germ plasm resource continue by step 3.1) repeat plantation；Until selecting preferable plant, routinely seed selection side
Method, selection-breeding new varieties.
Embodiment 3 uses phytoenzyme mutation method for grafting and breeding to cultivate new peanut variety
The present embodiment makees scion with Semen arachidis hypogaeae, with Rhizoma Solani tuber osi as stock, is made a variation with phytoenzyme mutation grafting method of breeding induction Semen arachidis hypogaeae,
Cultivate new peanut variety, comprise the following steps：
(1) prepare phytoenzyme liquid
Selected Semen sojae atricolor, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi are pulverized together with drought-enduring plant, hardy plant leaf, disease-resistant zoophobous, Semen sojae atricolor, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi,
Drought-enduring plant, hardy plant leaf, disease-resistant zoophobous weight are than for 1：1：1：1：1, the material after pulverizing is put in Plastic Drum；
Add plant enzyme, deposit at least 3 months, make phytoenzyme stock solution；Take above-mentioned phytoenzyme stock solution, by volume for 1：200 ratios
Example adds water, and is configured to phytoenzyme liquid；Wherein, plant enzyme with pulverize after weight of material ratio for 4：1；
Wherein, the weight portion such as described drought-enduring plant be Aloe, Radix et Caulis Opuntiae Dillenii, Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum., bubble fruit Radix Calligoni Mongolici, hemp, west of a river chrysanthemum.
Wherein, the white birch leaf of weight portion such as described hardy plant Ye Wei, Folium Pini, Corylus mandshurica leaf.
Wherein, described disease-resistant zoophobous is Folium Artemisiae Argyi.
(2) phytoenzyme method of mutagenesis is used to cultivate scion and stock seed
2.1) Semen arachidis hypogaeae and Rhizoma Solani tuber osi seedling are cultivated.100 peanut seeds are soaked 1 hour in phytoenzyme liquid, pulls out
Load plastic bag and infiltrate 2 hours；20 Rhizoma Solani tuber osis are soaked 2 hours in phytoenzyme liquid, pulls loading plastic bag infiltration 4 out
Individual hour；
2.2) plant.By step 2) ready Semen arachidis hypogaeae and Rhizoma Solani tuber osi seed, plant in ready soil；
2.3) scion, stock seedling are cultivated.After Semen arachidis hypogaeae, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi come up, often daily phytoenzyme liquid sprays 2-3 time；
Until implementing grafting；
(3) phytoenzyme mutation engrafting method is used to implement grafting
3.1) implement grafting.In peanut excavated 3 days, implement grafting.Its main points：One is collection peanut seedling, is put
Enter in the phytoenzyme liquid that step (1) prepares；Two is to be injected phytoenzyme liquid in grafting otch with syringe；Three is to implement
Grafting operation, peanut seedling is gone to dip in phytoenzyme liquid 5 seconds after root, the grafting otch that intervention potato plant body was processed
In, seal grand compacting with moistening soil；Four is about 20 days after grafting, and often daily phytoenzyme liquid sprays maintenance 2-3 time, until becoming
Live；Five is to survive in latter 30 days, sprays daily 1-2 time, sprays 1-2 phytoenzyme liquid within every 1-2 days later, until maturation；
3.2) observe variation.This season does not find that Semen arachidis hypogaeae has obvious variation plant.Harvest seed.Therefrom select 20 plants, by step
Rapid 2.1), 2.2) by row repeat plant.Obvious variation plant 4 is found, wherein 1 plant compares illumination aobvious early blossoming 10 when harvesting seed
My god, 3 fruit type substantially become big.
3.3) by step 3.2) 4 Semen arachidis hypogaeaes selecting, by step 2.1), 2.2), 2.3) repeat to plant.Discovery have substantially to
The plant of good variation accounts for more than 30%, and fruit type becomes big becoming apparent from.All continue to press step 3.1 as germ plasm resource) repeat
Plantation；Until selecting preferable plant, routinely seed choosing method, selection-breeding new varieties.
Embodiment 4 uses phytoenzyme mutation method for grafting and breeding to cultivate new peanut variety
The present embodiment makees scion with Semen arachidis hypogaeae, with Semen Maydiss as stock, is made a variation with phytoenzyme mutation grafting method of breeding induction Semen arachidis hypogaeae,
Cultivate new peanut variety, comprise the following steps：
(1) prepare phytoenzyme liquid
Selected Semen sojae atricolor, Semen Maydiss are pulverized together with drought-enduring plant, hardy plant leaf, disease-resistant zoophobous, Semen sojae atricolor, Semen Maydiss,
Drought-enduring plant, hardy plant leaf, disease-resistant zoophobous weight are than for 1：1：1：1：1, the material after pulverizing is put in Plastic Drum；
Add plant enzyme, deposit at least 3 months, make phytoenzyme stock solution；Take above-mentioned phytoenzyme stock solution, by volume for 1：200 ratios
Example adds water, and is configured to phytoenzyme liquid；Wherein, plant enzyme with pulverize after weight of material ratio for 4：1；
Wherein, described drought-enduring plant is to wait the horse Thallus Porphyrae of weight portion, Radix et Caulis Opuntiae Dillenii, Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum., Populus euphratica, hemp, west of a river chrysanthemum.
Wherein, the cedar leaf of the weight portion such as described hardy plant Ye Wei, Folium Ginkgo, Corylus mandshurica leaf.
Wherein it is preferred to, described disease-resistant zoophobous is Rhizoma Belamcandae grass.
(2) phytoenzyme method of mutagenesis is used to cultivate scion and stock seed
2.1) Semen arachidis hypogaeae and corn seedling are cultivated.100 peanut seeds are soaked 1 hour in phytoenzyme liquid, pulls out
Load plastic bag and infiltrate 2 hours；100 Semen Maydiss are soaked 2 hours in phytoenzyme liquid, pulls loading plastic bag infiltration out
4 hours；
2.2) plant.By step 2.1) ready Semen arachidis hypogaeae and corn seed, plant in ready soil；
2.3) cultivate scion stock seedling.After Semen arachidis hypogaeae, corn seedling are unearthed, often daily phytoenzyme liquid sprays 2-3 time；Directly
To enforcement grafting；
(3) phytoenzyme mutation engrafting method is used to implement grafting
3.1) implement grafting.In peanut excavated 3 days, implement grafting.Its main points：One is collection peanut seedling, is put
Enter in the phytoenzyme liquid that step (1) prepares；Two is that syringe injects phytoenzyme liquid in grafting otch；Three is to implement to transfer
Connect operation, the peanut seedling processing is gone after root in what intervention corn plant body was processed grafting otch, with moistening soil
Seal grand compacting；Four is about 20 days after grafting, and often daily phytoenzyme liquid sprays maintenance 2-3 time, until surviving；Five be survive after
In 30 days, spray daily 1-2 time, spray 1-2 phytoenzyme liquid within every 1-2 days later, until maturation；
3.2) observe variation.This season does not find that Semen arachidis hypogaeae has obvious variation plant.
3.3) harvest seed.Therefrom select 30 plants, by step 2.1), 2.2) by plant repeat plant.Send out when harvesting seed
Now obvious variation plant 6, wherein 3 plants compare the aobvious early blossoming of illumination 10 days, and 3 fruit type substantially diminish.
3.4) by step 3.3) 6 Semen arachidis hypogaeaes selecting, by step 2.1), 2.2), 2.3) repeat to plant.Discovery have substantially to
The plant getting well variation accounts for more than 30%, and what fruit type diminished does not have significant change, and precocious about morning opens 10 days.6 are harvested
Seed all as germ plasm resource continue by step 5) repeat plantation；Until selecting preferable plant, routinely seed choosing method, choosing
Educate new lines, new varieties.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention
Within god and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of phytoenzyme mutation method for grafting and breeding is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) prepare phytoenzyme liquid
The full plants body of the stock selected and scion is pulverized together with drought-enduring plant, hardy plant leaf, disease-resistant zoophobous,
Material after pulverizing is put in Plastic Drum；Add plant enzyme, deposit at least 3 months, make phytoenzyme stock solution；Take above-mentioned plant
Thing proenzyme liquid, by volume for 1：200 ratios add water, and are configured to phytoenzyme liquid；
(2) phytoenzyme method of mutagenesis is used to cultivate scion and stock seed
2.1) scion selected and the seed of stock, add in the phytoenzyme liquid that step (1) prepares, after soaking 1-2 hour,
Pull out in loading plastic bag, after 2-4 hour of infiltration, sowing；
2.2), after insemination and emergence, the phytoenzyme liquid that often daily step (1) prepares sprays 2-3 time；After 20 days, spray within 1-2 days
1-2 phytoenzyme liquid, until ripe；Appearance character is therefrom selected to have the plant of variation or the overall preferable plant of character,
As scion and stock seed；
(3) phytoenzyme mutation engrafting method is used to implement grafting
3.1) by step 2.2) stock of mutation that selects and ingraftment seed soak in the phytoenzyme liquid that step (1) prepares
After 1-2 hour, pull out in loading plastic bag, after 2-4 hour of infiltration, sowing；
3.2) step 3.1) after insemination and emergence, the phytoenzyme liquid that often daily step (1) prepares sprays 2-3 time, up to scion
The suitable grafting with stock；
3.3) gather scion seedling, put it into infiltration in the phytoenzyme liquid that step (1) prepares and process, in case grafting；With
The phytoenzyme liquid that step (1) is prepared by syringe injects from step 3.2) selection the grafting otch of stock in, in case
Grafting；
3.4) by the scion processing seedling, after removing root, intervene step 3.3) in the grafting otch that processed, complete grafting；
3.5), 15～30 days after grafting, the phytoenzyme liquid that often daily step (1) prepares sprays maintenance 2-3 time, until surviving；
Survive latter 30 days, spray 1-2 time daily；Spray 1-2 phytoenzyme liquid within every 1-2 days later, until ripe, therefrom select preferable
Variation plant；
3.6) by step 3.5) seed that selects is by step 2.1), 2.2) repeat to plant, the plant that often daily step (1) prepares
Enzyme liquid body sprays maintenance 2-3 time, after 20 days, sprays 1-2 phytoenzyme liquid within 1-2 days, until ripe, therefrom select preferable variation
Plant；Routinely seed choosing method, New Line Selected, new varieties.
2. a kind of phytoenzyme mutation method for grafting and breeding according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：In described step (1)
Plant enzyme with pulverize after weight of material ratio for 3～5:1.
3. a kind of phytoenzyme mutation method for grafting and breeding according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Described drought-enduring plant is
Horse Thallus Porphyrae, Aloe, Radix et Caulis Opuntiae Dillenii, Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum., Populus euphratica, bubble fruit Radix Calligoni Mongolici, hemp, any one or a few in the chrysanthemum of the west of a river.
4. a kind of phytoenzyme mutation method for grafting and breeding according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Described hardy plant leaf
For cedar leaf, any one or a few in Folium Ginkgo, white birch leaf, Folium Pini, Corylus mandshurica leaf.
5. a kind of phytoenzyme mutation method for grafting and breeding according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Described disease-resistant pest-resistant plant
Thing is Folium Artemisiae Argyi, Rhizoma Belamcandae grass, any one or a few in Fructus biebersteiniae.
6. a kind of phytoenzyme mutation method for grafting and breeding according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Described step (1) choosing
The full plants body of fixed stock and scion and drought-enduring plant, hardy plant leaf, the weight of disease-resistant zoophobous are than for 1：1：1：
1.
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