CN106386082A - Tree-hanging fresh-keeping and overwintering regeneration plantation method for autumn delayed capsicum - Google Patents
Tree-hanging fresh-keeping and overwintering regeneration plantation method for autumn delayed capsicum Download PDFInfo
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- CN106386082A CN106386082A CN201610786172.5A CN201610786172A CN106386082A CN 106386082 A CN106386082 A CN 106386082A CN 201610786172 A CN201610786172 A CN 201610786172A CN 106386082 A CN106386082 A CN 106386082A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tree-hanging fresh-keeping and overwintering regeneration plantation method for autumn delayed capsicum comprising following steps: 1. seedling transplantation; 2. field management; 3. early picking and top dressing; 4. tree-hanging and fresh-keeping: picking is stopped after the mid-October, fruits are kept on trees, wherein 30 to 40 fruits are kept on each tree; 5. autumn delayed picking in middle stage: fruits can be picked and entering the market can be delayed for 1 to 2 months according to the market condition; 6 overwintering and regenerating; 7 later regenerating and picking. The invention provides a tree-hanging fresh-keeping and overwintering regeneration plantation method for autumn delayed capsicum; therefore, the time for autumn capsicum to enter market is prolonged and the sale elasticity is increased; the fresh taste of capsicum is kept by tree-hanging and fresh-keeping; the wintering regeneration after tree-hanging prolongs the growth cycle for a crop of capsicum and the cost for seedling re-growing and re-transplanting is saved; early spring capsicum is made to enter the market in advance so that the product is competitive.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pepper planting field, specially a kind of autumn delays capsicum keeping fresh on plants and regeneration planting side of surviving the winter
Method.
Background technology
Autumn is delayed and also makes the autumn postpone, and it refers to continue life in seedling growing in summer, field planting, time of the year when autumn changes into winter at the beginning of the autumn in protection facility
The long planting type developed, be deferred to the listing supply of 11～December.The listing phase of this planting type uproots plants after their edible portions have been harvested on the occasion of outdoor vegetable,
And winter hard vegetable still unlisted dull season, not only extend the supply phase, also have considerable economic benefit.
Capsicum (Capsicum annuum L.), is chilly, hot pepper, spicy, caynne pepper, long and thin hot pepper etc. again, is that a kind of Solanaceae is peppery
Green pepper belongs to 1 year or herbaceos perennial, and fruit is in generally cone or Long Circle, is in green, becomes fresh after maturation during prematurity
Redness, yellow or purple, most commonly seen with green, redness.
The fruit cause and effect skin of capsicum contains capsicim and has pungent, can improve a poor appetite；In capsicum, ascorbic content is in vegetable
First is occupied in dish.Capsicum has middle benefit gas radiating, the function of appetite-stimulating indigestion-relieving, and it can not only be used for flavouring and uses, but also as dish
Meat and fish dishes uses.
Delay relatively conventional with capsicum in the crop of plantation in the autumn, but because the capsicum that the autumn is delayed concentrates on for 11～December
Listing supply, and need in the case of the capsicum general planting after maturation to pluck, otherwise easily infested or corrupt；And after plucking
General only 7～10 days about of capsicum shelf storage life, generally carried out using freezer or spraying chemical agent fresh-keeping, so increase
Add preservation cost, and be easily subject to the price shock of market conditions, the short time is interior, and drug on the market, due to fruit and vegetable growth
Seasonality very strong, very big in its price variance of different seasons, lead to price there is no a competitiveness, productivity effect reduces.
Carry out pepper autumn delay cultivation China plantation experience of existing twenties years using greenhouse facility, but development area begins
It is difficult to scale up eventually, particularly the Changjiang river areas to the south slower development, its main cause：One is due to chili growth time shorter yield
It is difficult to break through；Existing pepper autumn delay cultivation is typically sowed in mid-July, harvests, effective growth of capsicum after mid-October
Time, per mu yield was typically maintained in 1500-2000 only less than 90 days, and up to about 3000.Two is the sale bullet of capsicum
Property is less, and the market risk is larger, and benefit is difficult to break through.Existing pepper autumn delay cultivation mainly with harvest hot red pepper disposable on
City, concentrates typically about New Year's Day and plucks, palpus as too low in winter temperature passively lists in advance, and sale is elastic little, sale when
Between section more concentrate and the time is short, affect planting benefit.
Therefore for the fresh-keeping needs of capsicum and adaptation market supply and demand situation, one kind is provided need not additionally to apply antistaling agent
Fresh-keeping mode, market adjustment superior's time can be complied with simultaneously, have greater significance for agricultural planting.
Meanwhile, current on market is all season plantation for pepper planting, directly discards plant after harvesting；And for the coming year
The nursery plantation again of the capsicum of spring and summer listing, such production cycle and planting cost are larger, and labour puts into and material is thrown
Enter higher.
Content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is for problem above, provides a kind of autumn to delay capsicum keeping fresh on plants and regeneration planting side of surviving the winter
Method, increased the Time To Market that the autumn delays capsicum, sells elasticity big；It is fresh that capsicum fresh-keeping extension tree preserves mouthfeel；Hang getting over after tree
Winter regeneration extends the growth cycle of one batch of capsicum, saves the cost of culturing and transplanting seedlings again, and early spring capsicum is listed
In advance, product market has competitiveness.
For realizing object above, the technical solution used in the present invention is：A kind of autumn is delayed capsicum keeping fresh on plants and survives the winter
Agricultural climate condition for corn method, it comprises the following steps：
First, culturing and transplanting seedlings：
(1) addressing：Select the internal hot house that can set up interior arch as cultivation land used；
(2) choose seeds：Select big, cold-resistant, the disease-resistant high yield and high quality kind of capsicum fruit type；
(3) nursery：Using plug media nursery, the sowing time selected in 30 days on the 25th annual June；
(4) site preparation basal dressing：Real tillage and according to every mu fertilising NPK composite fertilizer 75kg, be then made into bag ditch 150cm,
Furrow face width 90cm treats cultivating soil；Then in the middle of furrow, trench digging applies fertilizer；
(5) water management：Furrow railway carriage or compartment face laying drip irrigation pipe or microspray irrigation；
(6) transplant：Transplanting time by the end of July-August at the beginning of, every furrow definite value two row, spacing in the rows 45；Every mu is colonized 2100 plants；
2nd, field management：
(1) water management：Water immediately after field planting and determine root, then adopt dropper to moisten furrow face, so that furrow face is remained and see
Dry see wet condition；
(2) it is incubated anti-grass：Field planting covers black micro- mulch film anti-grass of soil moisture conservation after surviving；
(3) insect pest preventing and controlling：Main preventing and treating cutworm, trialeurodes vaporariorum, diamondback moth, oriental tobacco budworm, the yellow harm of tea after field planting, in time
Dispenser prevents and treats, must not be in high-temperature time dispenser；
(4) Plant adjustment：Erase in time when the following side shoot of trunk 5 is long, more than trunk adopt 4 dry trainings, and hang in time
Branch；
3rd, early stage is plucked and is topdressed：In time harvesting early stage fruit, often harvest a collection of topdress once, use high-quality water-soluble every time
Fertile 3-5/mu；
4th, keeping fresh on plants：Stop after mid-October plucking, fresh preservation with branches, every plant is stayed fruit 30-40；
(1) cold-proof heat insulation：Ambient temperature is less than 12 DEG C, will close canopy insulation and promote fruit growth annesl, and spray and once prevent
Cold agent；
(2) gray mold preventing and treating：Using low-temperature plasma ozone Huang plate, Jiang Huangban is suspended in the middle of furrow, capsicum top following 30
Place；
5th, the mid-term autumn delays harvesting：Plucked according to market conditions in good time, can delay the Time To Market 1-2 month；
6th, survive the winter regeneration：
(1) beta pruning：After the fruit of keeping fresh on plants is all plucked, wipe out whole branches in the 2nd crotch of trunk, and by branch
Bar is cleaned out；
(2) overlay film：Cover inner membrance insulation in time, watered with dropper when furrow face is excessively dried, promote root system to live again, promote to sprout
Send out shoot；
(3) prune：When shoot grow to 5-10 long when determine branch, every plant retains the healthy and strong branch that 2-3 root is reasonably distributed, remaining
All erase；
(4) topdress：Promotion of topdressing in time when shoot blooms is beared fruit；
7th, later regeneration is plucked：Early spring the first tenday period of a month in April regeneration pepper picking listing.
Preferably, in step one culturing and transplanting seedlings, site preparation basal dressing (4) stage, the fertilizer that trench digging applies in the middle of furrow
For fermentation rapeseed cake 400Kg or complete fermentation fertilizer 1000Kg.
Preferably, in step one culturing and transplanting seedlings, seed selection (2) stage is speeded from the peace of Dutch Rake Si Wang company seed selection
37-87 capsicum variety.
Preferably, in step 4 keeping fresh on plants, in cold-proof heat insulation (1) stage, when ambient temperature is less than zero degree, cover in time
Inner membrance is antifreeze, runs into big freezing weather, more all around goes up non-woven fabrics insulation in inner membrance；Become a fine day the higher film of will taking off of temperature to divulge information thoroughly
Gas.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：The invention provides a kind of autumn delay capsicum keeping fresh on plants and regeneration planting side of surviving the winter
Method, increased the Time To Market that the autumn delays capsicum, sells elasticity big；It is fresh that capsicum fresh-keeping extension tree preserves mouthfeel；Hang getting over after tree
Winter regeneration extends the growth cycle of one batch of capsicum, saves the cost of culturing and transplanting seedlings again, and early spring capsicum is listed
In advance, product market has competitiveness.
1st, allow capsicum realize keeping fresh on plants, fully ensure that the freshness of product it is ensured that quality.
2nd, extend the production cycle of ripe capsicum it is not necessary to immediately pluck before and after maturation；Keeping fresh on plants can be according to market row
Feelings flexibly pluck listing, increased sale elasticity, realize the maximization of selling price it is ensured that planting benefit.
2nd, on the basis of keeping fresh on plants, by early spring Pruning regeneration, do sth. in advance listing 15 days about than early spring transplanted seedling, no
Only do sth. in advance the listing phase, early yield also improves more than 50%, and economic benefit is very notable.
3rd, Hot Pepper Seedling Pruning regeneration is transplanted than early spring and be enormously simplify plantation program, has saved production cost.
4th, avoid using chemical reagent in capsicum preservation process, and maintain the fresh taste of capsicum, product quality
More excellent, the market competitiveness is higher.
5th, capsicum tree achieves growth in two seasons of one year, three results, and the autumn delays keeping fresh on plants it is ensured that the listing of capsicum is all
Phase advantage.
Specific embodiment
In order that those skilled in the art more fully understand technical scheme, below the present invention is retouched in detail
State, the description of this part is only exemplary and explanatory, should not have any restriction effect to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1：The planting site Yangtze river basin, yueyang, hunan Huarong.
A kind of autumn delays capsicum keeping fresh on plants and regeneration planting method of surviving the winter, and it comprises the following steps：
First, culturing and transplanting seedlings：
(1) addressing：Select the internal hot house that can set up interior arch as cultivation land used；
(2) choose seeds：Select big, cold-resistant, the disease-resistant high yield and high quality kind of capsicum fruit type；Preferably employ this prosperous public affairs of Dutch Rake
The peace of department's seed selection is speeded 37-87 capsicum variety；
(3) nursery：Using plug media nursery, the sowing time selected in 30 days on the 25th annual June；
(4) site preparation basal dressing：Real tillage and according to every mu fertilising NPK composite fertilizer (nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer) 75kg, then
It is made into bag ditch 150cm, furrow face width 90cm treats cultivating soil；Then trench digging applies fermentation rapeseed cake 400Kg or complete in the middle of the furrow
Full fermentation fertilizer 1000Kg；
(5) water management：Furrow railway carriage or compartment face laying drip irrigation pipe or microspray irrigation；
(6) transplant：Transplanting time by the end of July-August at the beginning of, every furrow definite value two row, spacing in the rows 45；Every mu is colonized 2100 plants；
2nd, field management：
(1) water management：Water immediately after field planting and determine root, then adopt dropper to moisten furrow face, so that furrow face is remained and see
Dry see wet condition；
(2) it is incubated anti-grass：Field planting covers black micro- mulch film anti-grass of soil moisture conservation after surviving；
(3) insect pest preventing and controlling：Main preventing and treating cutworm, trialeurodes vaporariorum, diamondback moth, oriental tobacco budworm, the yellow harm of tea after field planting, in time
Dispenser prevents and treats, must not be in high-temperature time dispenser；
(4) Plant adjustment：Erase in time when the following side shoot of trunk 5 is long, more than trunk adopt 4 dry trainings, and hang in time
Branch；
3rd, early stage is plucked and is topdressed：In time harvesting early stage fruit, often harvest a collection of topdress once, use high-quality water-soluble every time
Fertile 3-5/mu；
4th, keeping fresh on plants：Stop after mid-October plucking, fresh preservation with branches, every plant is stayed fruit 30-40；
(1) cold-proof heat insulation：Ambient temperature is less than 12 DEG C, will close canopy insulation and promote fruit growth annesl, and spray and once prevent
Cold agent；When ambient temperature is less than zero degree, covering inner membrance is antifreeze in time, runs into big freezing weather, more all around goes up nonwoven in inner membrance
Cloth is incubated；Become a fine day the higher film to be taken off of temperature ventilated
(2) gray mold preventing and treating：Using low-temperature plasma ozone Huang plate, Jiang Huangban is suspended in the middle of furrow, capsicum top following 30
Place；
5th, the mid-term autumn delays harvesting：Plucked according to market conditions in good time, can delay the Time To Market 1-2 month；
6th, survive the winter regeneration：
(1) beta pruning：After the fruit of keeping fresh on plants is all plucked, wipe out whole branches in the 2nd crotch of trunk, and by branch
Bar is cleaned out；
(2) overlay film：Cover inner membrance insulation in time, watered with dropper when furrow face is excessively dried, promote root system to live again, promote to sprout
Send out shoot；
(3) prune：When shoot grow to 5-10 long when determine branch, every plant retains the healthy and strong branch that 2-3 root is reasonably distributed, remaining
All erase；
(4) topdress：Promotion of topdressing in time when shoot blooms is beared fruit；
7th, later regeneration is plucked：Early spring the first tenday period of a month in April regeneration pepper picking listing.
Using the technology, the autumn is delayed pepper cultivation early stage (mid-October) harvesting green pepper and can reach per mu yield 1000 left side
The right side, keeping fresh on plants hot red pepper yield reaches 3000 about, and after hot red pepper can be with keeping fresh on plants to the Spring Festival, the output value typically can reach
20000 yuan/mu.Capsicum can list in the first tenday period of a month in April for early spring regeneration, and yield can reach per mu yield 4000 about, and wherein early stage produces
, up to per mu yield 2000, the output value is typically more than 12000 yuan/mu for amount (before the first tenday period of a month in May).
Whole stubble (a year) capsicum total output can reach per mu yield more than 8000, and the gross output value can reach more than 32000 yuan/mu,
Substantially increase the economic benefit of pepper planting, save labour and material cost simultaneously.
It should be noted that herein, term " inclusion ", "comprising" or its any other variant are intended to non-row
The comprising of his property, so that including a series of process of key elements, method, article or equipment not only include those key elements, and
And also include other key elements of being not expressly set out, or also include intrinsic for this process, method, article or equipment institute
Key element.
Specific case used herein is set forth to the principle of the present invention and embodiment, the explanation of above example
It is only intended to help and understand the method for the present invention and its core concept.The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, should
When pointing out due to the finiteness of literal expression, and objectively there is unlimited concrete structure, for the common skill of the art
For art personnel, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvement, retouching or change can also be made it is also possible to incite somebody to action
Above-mentioned technical characteristic is combined by rights；These improve retouching, change or combine, or the not improved structure by invention
Think and technical scheme directly applies to other occasions, be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of autumn delays capsicum keeping fresh on plants and regeneration planting method of surviving the winter it is characterised in that it comprises the following steps：
First, culturing and transplanting seedlings：
(1) addressing：Select the internal hot house that can set up interior arch as cultivation land used；
(2) choose seeds：Select big, cold-resistant, the disease-resistant high yield and high quality kind of capsicum fruit type；
(3) nursery：Using plug media nursery, the sowing time selected in 30 days on the 25th annual June；
(4) site preparation basal dressing：Real tillage and according to every mu fertilising NPK composite fertilizer 75kg, be then made into bag ditch 150cm, furrow face
Wide 90cm treats cultivating soil；Then in the middle of furrow, trench digging applies fertilizer；
(5) water management：Furrow railway carriage or compartment face laying drip irrigation pipe or microspray irrigation；
(6) transplant：Transplanting time by the end of July-August at the beginning of, every furrow definite value two row, spacing in the rows 45；Every mu is colonized 2100 plants；
2nd, field management：
(1) water management：Water immediately after field planting and determine root, then adopt dropper to moisten furrow face, so that furrow face is remained and see and dry see
Wet condition；
(2) it is incubated anti-grass：Field planting covers black micro- mulch film anti-grass of soil moisture conservation after surviving；
(3) insect pest preventing and controlling：Main preventing and treating cutworm, trialeurodes vaporariorum, diamondback moth, oriental tobacco budworm, the yellow harm of tea, timely dispenser after field planting
Preventing and treating, must not be in high-temperature time dispenser；
(4) Plant adjustment：Erase in time when the following side shoot of trunk 5 is long, more than trunk adopt 4 dry trainings, and hang branch in time；
3rd, early stage is plucked and is topdressed：In time harvesting early stage fruit, often harvest a collection of topdress once, use high-quality Water soluble fertilizer 3-5 every time
/ mu；
4th, keeping fresh on plants：Stop after mid-October plucking, fresh preservation with branches, every plant is stayed fruit 30-40；
(1) cold-proof heat insulation：Ambient temperature is less than 12 DEG C, will close canopy insulation and promote fruit growth annesl, and spray a cold-proof dose；
(2) gray mold preventing and treating：Using low-temperature plasma ozone Huang plate, Jiang Huangban is suspended in the middle of furrow, at capsicum top following 30；
5th, the mid-term autumn delays harvesting：Plucked according to market conditions in good time, can delay the Time To Market 1-2 month；
6th, survive the winter regeneration：
(1) beta pruning：After the fruit of keeping fresh on plants is all plucked, wipe out whole branches in the 2nd crotch of trunk, and branch is clear
Reason is clean；
(2) overlay film：Cover inner membrance insulation in time, watered with dropper when furrow face is excessively dried, promote root system to live again, promotion is sprouted new
Branch；
(3) prune：When shoot grow to 5-10 long when determine branch, every plant retains the healthy and strong branch that 2-3 root is reasonably distributed, and remaining is whole
Erase；
(4) topdress：Promotion of topdressing in time when shoot blooms is beared fruit；
7th, later regeneration is plucked：Early spring the first tenday period of a month in April regeneration pepper picking listing.
2. a kind of autumn according to claim 1 delay capsicum keeping fresh on plants and survive the winter regeneration planting method it is characterised in that
In step one culturing and transplanting seedlings, in site preparation basal dressing (4) stage, the fertilizer that trench digging applies in the middle of furrow is fermentation rapeseed cake 400Kg
Or complete fermentation fertilizer 1000Kg.
3. a kind of autumn according to claim 1 delay capsicum keeping fresh on plants and survive the winter regeneration planting method it is characterised in that
In step one culturing and transplanting seedlings, seed selection (2) stage is speeded 37-87 capsicum variety from the peace of Dutch Rake Si Wang company seed selection.
4. a kind of autumn according to claim 1 delay capsicum keeping fresh on plants and survive the winter regeneration planting method it is characterised in that
In step 4 keeping fresh on plants, in cold-proof heat insulation (1) stage, when ambient temperature is less than zero degree, covering inner membrance is antifreeze in time, runs into big
Freezing weather, more all around go up non-woven fabrics insulation in inner membrance；Become a fine day the higher film to be taken off of temperature ventilated.
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| CN201610786172.5A CN106386082A (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | Tree-hanging fresh-keeping and overwintering regeneration plantation method for autumn delayed capsicum |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN110192501A (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2019-09-03 | 陕西彬翔农业科技有限公司 | High temperature difference cools the method efficiently utilized in the regional vinyl house anniversary |
| CN111480414A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-08-04 | 山东省种子有限公司 | Method for improving germination probability of pepper seeds and seedling culture medium |
| CN113229067A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-08-10 | 邵阳市农业科学研究院 | Cultivation method of pod peppers |
| CN114698513A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-07-05 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Overwintering and cold-proof planting method for golden passion fruit in low-latitude and low-altitude areas |
| CN115191297A (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2022-10-18 | 湖南新创四季生态农业发展有限公司 | Pepper regeneration cultivation method |
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| CN111480414B (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2022-01-28 | 山东省种子有限公司 | Method for improving germination probability of pepper seeds and seedling culture medium |
| CN113229067A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-08-10 | 邵阳市农业科学研究院 | Cultivation method of pod peppers |
| CN114698513A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-07-05 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Overwintering and cold-proof planting method for golden passion fruit in low-latitude and low-altitude areas |
| CN115191297A (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2022-10-18 | 湖南新创四季生态农业发展有限公司 | Pepper regeneration cultivation method |
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