CN106386041A - Cultivation method for suaeda salsa used for improvement of saline-alkaline land in Hetao irrigation area - Google Patents
Cultivation method for suaeda salsa used for improvement of saline-alkaline land in Hetao irrigation area Download PDFInfo
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- CN106386041A CN106386041A CN201610741731.0A CN201610741731A CN106386041A CN 106386041 A CN106386041 A CN 106386041A CN 201610741731 A CN201610741731 A CN 201610741731A CN 106386041 A CN106386041 A CN 106386041A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/10—Devices for affording protection against animals, birds or other pests
- A01G13/105—Protective devices against slugs, snails, crawling insects or other climbing animals
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cultivation method for plants, specifically to the cultivation method for suaeda salsa used for improvement of a saline-alkaline land in the Hetao irrigation area. The cultivation method comprises the following steps: (1) land preparation; (2) laying of an organic base fertilizer and a soil conditioner; (3) laying of net-like water-drainage pipelines; (4) seed selection and sowing; (5) nutrient and water management; and (6) disease and pest control. The cultivation method provided by the invention can realize automatic cultivation and plantation, is free of pollution by adopting an organic fertilizer and a pesticide extracted from animals and plants, improves the area of operation and the efficiency of operation, and enhances the economic benefits of plantation of suaeda salsa.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant cultivation method, the more particularly, to Yellow River irrigation alkaline land improving fluffy cultural method of alkali.
Background technology
Alkali is fluffy to be 1 year sward this salification plant of Chenopodiaceae.Plant is in green, the equal carnification of its stem, leaf and cylindrical, stem
The visible longitudinal stripe in surface, leaf is linear.Seed can be sprouted in 4～June, and 7～August is bloomed, 9～October result.Contain in soil
The replaceable sodium salt of a large amount is the condition required for it grows.Can grow in the soil that salt content is higher than 2%, but to contain
Grow the most luxuriant in the moistening soil of salt amount 1% about, cauline leaf is in green, and plant is tall and big and branch is many, can form large area
Group and certain vegetation, evaporation from topsoil can be efficiently reduced, improve environmental condition, reduce soil salt content.Salt is given birth to
Vegetable soda is fluffy extensively to be grown in Delta Region of The Yellow River, is exactly that edible edible wild herbs alkali among the people is fluffy nutritious from ancient times, is a kind of excellent
Matter vegetables and oil crops.The fluffy young stem and leaf of alkali both can be eaten raw, can make dry again, be easy to preserve and transport.The therefore fluffy utilization of alkali
Exploitation has preferable prospect.
Content of the invention
The present invention is aiming at the fluffy this economic worth of alkali and environmental improvement is worth high herbaceous plant, provides a kind of new
Cultural method.Methods described can achieve the improvement to salt-soda soil, can provide alkali fluffy good growing environment again.
The present invention provide technical scheme be：
The Saline-alkali Land In Hetao Irrigation Region improvement fluffy cultural method of alkali, comprises the steps：
(1) consolidation
Remove upper soll layer and hinder mechanical work, the object of impact grass growth, cleaning depth is 30～40 centimetres；
(2) organic base fertilizer and soil conditioner are laid
In sowing first 5 days～7 days, every 667m2Apply the dung polluted water farm manure 2000kg being mixed with soil conditioner of rotten heat
～3000kg, described soil conditioner comprises the fluorine-carbon modified polyacrylamide that weight part ratio is 7%；
(3) lay netted drainage pipeline
Using closed drainage technology, ditch in soil and lay ripple chimney filter, ttom of pipe ratio is reduced to 1/500～1/1000,
Described ripple chimney filter is double-decker, and outer tube is corrugated steel tube and be covered with micropore, and inner tube is plastic tube and is covered with micropore, inner tube with
Annulus setting elastic support between outer tube, inner tube inner surface setting has reverse osmosis membrane, after the laying of ripple chimney filter finishes
Backfill is closely knit, concentrates leveling；
(4) seed selection sowing
First seed is put into immersion 24h in 20 DEG C of alginate solution before sowing, be stirred continuously during immersion, drain after pulling out
Excessive moisture；
Sowing is carried out in late March to early April, can sow, before sowing in field when temperature is stablized more than 15 DEG C
Ground is irrigated by flood, after water ooze lower after fluffy for alkali seed is spread to earth's surface, application rate 7.5～15.0ks/hm2, spread above after kind
One layer of withered grass of lid；
(5) rich water quality management
Also need to be topdressed in growth period, seedling height is topdressed in 15～20cm, to promote the vigorous life of cauline leaf
Long, every 667m2Apply the urea 15kg and dung polluted water farm manure 1000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed uniformly to apply in the fluffy row of alkali to after water dilution；
Ripple chimney filter inner tube fills water, the water in inner tube to inner tube exosmosis it is ensured that the water content of soil, due in soil
The salinity of brackish water is more than the salinity of water in annulus, and the salinity in such soil builds up in annulus,
After gathering more salinity in annulus, current to be relied on by the salinity in annulus to annulus quick flush
Take away；；
(6) insect pest preventing and controlling
In May, applying pesticides are used for anti-eliminating aphis.
Specifically, soil conditioner also comprises hydroxyapatite-modified zeolite that weight part ratio is 4%.
Specifically, alginate concentration is 0.05 0.2%.
Specifically, chitosan oligosaccharide and Osthole are comprised in described agricultural chemicals, the percentage by weight that chitosan oligosaccharide accounts for this agricultural chemicals is
0.02%, the percentage by weight that Osthole accounts for this agricultural chemicals is 0.02%, and the percentage by weight that pokeberry extract accounts for this agricultural chemicals is
0.01%, described agricultural chemicals is in aphid disease early spray.
The method have the benefit that：
1) using the soil conditioner comprising fluorine-carbon modified polyacrylamide and hydroxyapatite-modified zeolite, improve
Soil texture, suppression moisture and nutrition leak, improve soil nutrient content.Through test, the soil weight can be made to reduce 0.079/
cm3, porosity increase by 6.2%.
Fluorine-carbon modified polyacrylamide can form layer protecting film in soil surface, suppresses moisture evaporation, prevents soil from supporting
Shunting is lost.Soil particle is linked together by fluorine-carbon modified polyacrylamide by the base key on strand, thus improving soil
Physical property, so that soil aggressiveness is increased, unit weight reduces, total porosity increases, saturated water content and field capacity increase, water
Evaporation is divided to be suppressed.
Because hydroxyapatite-modified zeolite has a very big specific surface and stronger electrostatic field, ploughing by soil,
Zeolite granular just colloidal clays granular absorption to around it, gradually assemble formed soil agreegate.Hydroxyapatite-modification
The matrix topology of zeolite determines volume and the passage of internal void, and void content constitutes hole by duct and hole and passes through
Window interconnects.Na in soil+、Cl-Can be entered inside zeolite by zeolite adsorption by this window, this effect claims
Molecular sieve acts on.Applying zeolite can make the salinity in soil tend to reducing, and basicity reduces, and plays buffering to the pH value of soil
Effect, pH value can drop to less than 8.0.Hydroxyapatite-modified zeolite has stronger adsorption capacity and ion-exchange capacity
Characteristic, hydroxyapatite-modified zeolite is added in fertilizer, can play the effect of fertilizer supply and preservation, improves the biologically effective of nutrient
Property.
2nd, adopt closed drainage technology, it is possible to achieve water-saving irrigation, be conducive to the salinity in soil to gather simultaneously, may be used simultaneously
Water content in soil is balanced using reverse osmosis membrane it is also possible to directly desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching operation be carried out by annulus.Ripple is filtered
Pipe inner tube fills water, and due to being provided with reverse osmosis membrane in inner tube, the salt concentration of the water of reverse osmosis membrane both sides is different, in inner tube
The salinity of water is less than the salinity of the water outside inner tube, and, to inner tube exosmosis, the salt of the water outside reduction inner tube is dense for the water in inner tube
Degree.Due to hole being provided with outer tube, between the brackish water in brackish water and annulus in soil, there is concentration difference, in soil
The salinity of brackish water is more than the brackish water in annulus, and gradually the salinity in soil gathers to annulus.So both protect
Demonstrate,prove water content in soil, had and the salinity in soil is gathered.After gathering more salinity in annulus, be to ring
Shape space quick flush, relies on current to take away the salinity in annulus.
3rd, concentration is adopted to be that 0.05 0.2% alginate soaks the fluffy seed of alkali, alginate can envelope seed, prevents
Only pest and disease damage can guarantee that germination again, can also realize the resistance to salt treatment to seed simultaneously, improves the salt tolerance of seed, improves
The survival rate of seed.Using Na in alginate+Content is low will not to be adversely affected to the salinization of soil of soil.
4th, aphid, chitosan oligosaccharide, pokeberry extract are prevented using the agricultural chemicals comprising chitosan oligosaccharide, pokeberry extract and Osthole
It is harmless material with Osthole, residues of pesticides will not be formed, be environmentally friendly agricultural chemical constituent.
The present invention can achieve automation cultivating and growing, and adopts fertilizer and the agricultural chemicals extracting from animals and plants, no dirty
Dye, improves working area, improves operating efficiency, improve the economic benefit of the fluffy plantation of alkali.
Specific embodiment
The Saline-alkali Land In Hetao Irrigation Region improvement fluffy cultural method of alkali, comprises the steps：
(1) consolidation
Remove upper soll layer and hinder mechanical work, the object of impact grass growth, cleaning depth is 30～40 centimetres；
(2) organic base fertilizer and soil conditioner are laid
In sowing first 5 days～7 days, every 667m2Apply the dung polluted water farm manure 2000kg being mixed with soil conditioner of rotten heat
～3000kg, described soil conditioner comprises the fluorine-carbon modified polyacrylamide that weight part ratio is 7%, and soil conditioner also comprises
Weight part ratio is 4% hydroxyapatite-modified zeolite；
(3) lay netted drainage pipeline
Using closed drainage technology, ditch in soil and lay ripple chimney filter, ttom of pipe ratio is reduced to 1/500～1/1000,
Described ripple chimney filter is double-decker, and outer tube is corrugated steel tube and be covered with micropore, and inner tube is plastic tube and is covered with micropore, inner tube with
Annulus setting elastic support between outer tube, inner tube inner surface setting has reverse osmosis membrane, after the laying of ripple chimney filter finishes
Backfill is closely knit, concentrates leveling；
(4) seed selection sowing
First seed is put into immersion 24h in 20 DEG C of alginate solution before sowing, be stirred continuously during immersion, drain after pulling out
Excessive moisture, alginate concentration is 0.05 0.2%；
Sowing is carried out in late March to early April, can sow, before sowing in field when temperature is stablized more than 15 DEG C
Ground is irrigated by flood, after water ooze lower after fluffy for alkali seed is spread to earth's surface, application rate 7.5～15.0ks/hm2, spread above after kind
One layer of withered grass of lid；
(5) rich water quality management
Also need to be topdressed in growth period, seedling height is topdressed in 15～20cm, to promote the vigorous life of cauline leaf
Long, every 667m2Apply the urea 15kg and dung polluted water farm manure 1000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed uniformly to apply in the fluffy row of alkali to after water dilution；
Ripple chimney filter inner tube fills water, the water in inner tube to inner tube exosmosis it is ensured that the water content of soil, due in soil
The salinity of brackish water is more than the salinity of water in annulus, and the salinity in such soil builds up in annulus,
After gathering more salinity in annulus, current to be relied on by the salinity in annulus to annulus quick flush
Take away；；
(6) insect pest preventing and controlling
In May, applying pesticides are used for preventing eliminating aphis, and comprise chitosan oligosaccharide and Osthole, chitosan oligosaccharide accounts for this in described agricultural chemicals
The percentage by weight of agricultural chemicals is 0.02%, and the percentage by weight that Osthole accounts for this agricultural chemicals is 0.02%, and pokeberry extract accounts for this
The percentage by weight of agricultural chemicals is 0.01%, and described agricultural chemicals is in aphid disease early spray.
Claims (4)
1. the fluffy cultural method of Saline-alkali Land In Hetao Irrigation Region improvement alkali is it is characterised in that comprise the steps：
(1) consolidation
Remove upper soll layer and hinder mechanical work, the object of impact grass growth, cleaning depth is 30～40 centimetres；
(2) organic base fertilizer and soil conditioner are laid
In sowing first 5 days～7 days, every 667m2Apply the dung polluted water farm manure 2000kg being mixed with soil conditioner of rotten heat～
3000kg, described soil conditioner comprises the fluorine-carbon modified polyacrylamide that weight part ratio is 7%；
(3) lay netted drainage pipeline
Using closed drainage technology, ditch in soil and lay ripple chimney filter, ttom of pipe ratio is reduced to 1/500～1/1000, described
Ripple chimney filter is double-decker, and outer tube is corrugated steel tube and be covered with micropore, and inner tube is plastic tube and is covered with micropore, inner tube and outer tube
Between annulus setting elastic support, inner tube inner surface setting has a reverse osmosis membrane, the laying of ripple chimney filter finish after backfill
Closely knit, concentrate leveling；
(4) seed selection sowing
First seed is put into immersion 24h in 20 DEG C of alginate solution before sowing, be stirred continuously during immersion, it is unnecessary to drain after pulling out
Moisture；
Sowing is carried out in late March to early April, can sow in field when temperature is stablized more than 15 DEG C, flood before sowing
Ground is irrigated, after water ooze lower after fluffy for alkali seed is spread to earth's surface, application rate 7.5～15.0ks/hm2, spread upper cover one after kind
Layer withered grass；
(5) rich water quality management
Also need to be topdressed in growth period, seedling height is topdressed in 15～20cm, to promote cauline leaf vigorous growth, often
667m2Apply the urea 15kg and dung polluted water farm manure 1000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed uniformly to apply in the fluffy row of alkali to after water dilution；
Ripple chimney filter inner tube fills water, the water in inner tube to inner tube exosmosis it is ensured that the water content of soil, due to saliferous in soil
The salinity of water is more than the salinity of water in annulus, and the salinity in such soil builds up in annulus, works as ring
After gathering more salinity in shape space, current to be relied on to take away the salinity in annulus to annulus quick flush；
(6) insect pest preventing and controlling
In May, applying pesticides are used for anti-eliminating aphis.
2. according to claim 1 the Saline-alkali Land In Hetao Irrigation Region improvement fluffy cultural method of alkali it is characterised in that soil conditioner
Also comprise hydroxyapatite-modified zeolite that weight part ratio is 4%.
3. Saline-alkali Land In Hetao Irrigation Region improvement uses the fluffy cultural method of alkali it is characterised in that alginate is dense according to claim 1
Spend for 0.05 0.2%.
4. according to claim 1 the Saline-alkali Land In Hetao Irrigation Region improvement fluffy cultural method of alkali it is characterised in that in described agricultural chemicals
Comprise chitosan oligosaccharide, pokeberry extract and Osthole, the percentage by weight that chitosan oligosaccharide accounts for this agricultural chemicals is 0.02%, and Osthole accounts for
The percentage by weight of this agricultural chemicals be 0.02%, pokeberry extract account for this agricultural chemicals percentage by weight be 0.01%, described agricultural chemicals in
Aphid disease early spray.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610741731.0A CN106386041A (en) | 2016-08-28 | 2016-08-28 | Cultivation method for suaeda salsa used for improvement of saline-alkaline land in Hetao irrigation area |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610741731.0A CN106386041A (en) | 2016-08-28 | 2016-08-28 | Cultivation method for suaeda salsa used for improvement of saline-alkaline land in Hetao irrigation area |
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| CN106386041A true CN106386041A (en) | 2017-02-15 |
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| CN201610741731.0A Pending CN106386041A (en) | 2016-08-28 | 2016-08-28 | Cultivation method for suaeda salsa used for improvement of saline-alkaline land in Hetao irrigation area |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107509524A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2017-12-26 | 盐城工学院 | It is a kind of to promote the fluffy seed of alkali to sprout neat method and the fluffy implantation methods of alkali |
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| CN107509524A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2017-12-26 | 盐城工学院 | It is a kind of to promote the fluffy seed of alkali to sprout neat method and the fluffy implantation methods of alkali |
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