CN106360142A - Chinese herbal medicine feed additive capable of controlling diseases and promoting growth for penaeus vannamei and preparation method of additive - Google Patents
Chinese herbal medicine feed additive capable of controlling diseases and promoting growth for penaeus vannamei and preparation method of additive Download PDFInfo
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- CN106360142A CN106360142A CN201610840841.2A CN201610840841A CN106360142A CN 106360142 A CN106360142 A CN 106360142A CN 201610840841 A CN201610840841 A CN 201610840841A CN 106360142 A CN106360142 A CN 106360142A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Chinese herbal medicine feed additive capable of controlling diseases and promoting growth for penaeus vannamei and a preparation method of the additive. The feed additive is a compound Chinese herbal medicine feed additive capable of increasing the growth rate of the penaeus vannamei and improving the nonspecific immunity of the penaeus vannamei and is prepared from chrysanthemum flower powder, asplenium powder, seaweed powder, mulberry leaf powder, buds of Japanese pagoda trees, common yam rhizomes, lotus seed cores, perilla frutescens, lotus leaves, moringa oleifera, panax notoginseng, herba houttuyniae, rhizoma imperatae, fructus schizandrae, Chinese galls, honeysuckle flowers, cortex phellodendri, radix scutellariae, milkvetch roots, radix angelicae sinensis, radix codonopsis and radix isatidis. The preparation method comprises the steps that all the raw materials are weighed according to the weight percent in the formula; all the materials are crushed, mixed to be uniform and then crushed through an ultrafine grinder, screening is conducted through a 100-150-mesh sieve, and a finished feed additive product is obtained. The additive with the weight accounting for 1%-3% of the total weight of complete formula feed for the penaeus vannamei is added into the feed and used for increasing the growth rate of the penaeus vannamei and improving the nonspecific immunity of the penaeus vannamei. The feed additive is green, environmentally friendly, capable of being used for large-scale industrial production and not generating drug resistance, safe, efficient and nontoxic.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to feeding additive aquatic animal technical field, it is related to feed additive, specifically a kind of diseases prevention growth promoting
Penaeus vannamei Chinese herbal feed additive and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Penaeus vannamei, also referred to as Litopenaeus vannamei, belong to crustacean, because it is nutritious, and its meat is soft, easy to digest
And it is deep edible by people；Due to marine fishery resources exhaustion, people become increasingly dependent on artificial cultivation to the demand of fish and shrimp, therefore,
Worldwide shrimp culture industry quickly grows；At present in nearly 1,300,000 tons of the Litopenaeus vannamei annual production of China's cultivation, consume
About 1,500,000 tons of feedstuff；Fast development with prawn culturing and the raising of high density intensive culture degree, and using artificial
, often extensive explosive disease and large quantities of dead phenomenon, disease problem is in breeding process in forage feed
Become the bottleneck of restriction prawn culturing；In order to solve that environmental factorss during prawn culturing cause stress and disease break out and ask
Topic, traditional pest control method is mostly with antibiotic and chemicalses as Main Means, but increasingly aobvious the drawbacks of this method
Existing, because a large amount of uses of antibiotic and chemicalses, ingredient directly can be taken in by prawn or be absorbed into body, and with blood
Liquid loop distribution, to various organ-tissues, causes the immunocompetence of prawn to weaken, and induction pathogen develops immunity to drugs, prevention effect
Difference, and cost accounting is high；Further, since the residual of these chemicalses and antibiotic, it will the body directly affecting people is good for
Health and Environmental security are so that China's Penaeus vannamei product water outlet competitiveness is restricted, in sum, in a large number using antibiosis
Element and chemicalses bring increasing negative effect to culture of Penaeus vannamei industry.
The traditional Chinese herbal medicine of China has that medicine source is wide, low cost, easy to process, no Drug resistance, drug residue be few, side effect
The advantages of little, aboundresources, Chinese herbal medicine additive does not contain only abundant nutrient substance, and some of them active component can
Improve feedstuff palatability, improve fish and shrimp food ration, improve efficiency of feed utilization；It is right that composite Chinese herbal is improved as feed additive
The application of shrimp premunition and anti allergic reaction has become a kind of development trend, so far, prevents prawn for using Chinese herbal medicine
Disease, anti-stress aspect research few, there is no promoting in growth, prevention disease and anti-stress for Penaeus vannamei
Medical herbs feed additive comes out, therefore needs the application technology of the Chinese herbal medicine additive improving prawn feed badly, a kind of exploitation green ring
The growth promoting diseases prevention Chinese herbal medicine protecting efficient Penaeus vannamei is combined prescription, to meet culture of Penaeus vannamei demand.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide one kind is to improve Penaeus vannamei rate of growth and non-specific immunity as target,
Prawn immunity of organism, premunition can be strengthened, improve survival rate, improve anti-stress ability, be combined with traditional Chinese medicine theory modern
The Penaeus vannamei Chinese herbal medicine of aquatic animal nutrient research technology and diseases prevention growth promoting that long term production experience is foundation is raised
Feed additives and preparation method thereof, to solve the problems, such as to propose in above-mentioned background technology.
For achieving the above object, the following technical scheme of present invention offer:
A kind of Penaeus vannamei Chinese herbal feed additive of diseases prevention growth promoting, for improving prawn rate of growth and non-specific immunity
Composite herb medicine forage additive, be made up of following raw material: Flos Chrysanthemi powder, mountain Soviet Union powder, Sargassum powder, powder of Folium Mori, Flos Sophorae Immaturus, Rhizomadioscoreae
Medicine, embryo nelumbinises, Folium Perillae, Folium Nelumbinis, Moringa, Radix Notoginseng, Herba Houttuyniae, Rhizoma Imperatae, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, Galla Chinensiss, Flos Lonicerae, Cortex Phellodendri, Radix Scutellariae, Huang
Stilbene, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Radix Codonopsis, Radix Isatidis.
As the further scheme of the present invention: the Penaeus vannamei Chinese herbal feed additive of described diseases prevention growth promoting, by with
The raw material of lower percetage by weight is made: Flos Chrysanthemi powder 8-10%, mountain Soviet Union powder 8-10%, Sargassum powder 8-10%, powder of Folium Mori 8-10%, Chinese scholartree
Flower rice 5-7%, Rhizoma dioscoreae 5-7%, embryo nelumbinises 5-7%, Folium Perillae 5-7%, Folium Nelumbinis 5-7%, Moringa 3-5%, Radix Notoginseng 3-5%, fish
Raw meat grass 3-5%, Rhizoma Imperatae 2-4%, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis 2-4%, Galla Chinensiss 1-3%, Flos Lonicerae 1-3%, Cortex Phellodendri 1-3%, Radix Scutellariae 1-
3%th, Radix Astragali 1-3%, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 1-3%, Radix Codonopsis 1-3%, Radix Isatidis 1-3%；The percetage by weight sum of each raw material is 100%.
As the present invention further scheme: the system of the Penaeus vannamei Chinese herbal feed additive of described diseases prevention growth promoting
Preparation Method, comprises the following steps:
1) various raw materials are weighed according to the percetage by weight of raw material each in formula；
2) each raw material is pulverized respectively；
3) each raw material after pulverizing is put in mixer successively, mix homogeneously；
4) material of mix homogeneously in step 3) is pulverized through super micron mill, cross 100-150 eye mesh screen, obtain feed additive
Finished product.
As the present invention further scheme: the Penaeus vannamei Chinese herbal feed additive of described diseases prevention growth promoting is in system
Application in the feedstuff of standby raising prawn rate of growth and non-specific immunity.
As the present invention further scheme: the Penaeus vannamei Chinese herbal feed additive of described diseases prevention growth promoting, should
During for improving in the feedstuff of prawn rate of growth and non-specific immunity, its addition is prawn perfect compound feed gross weight
1-3%, feed additive is stirred with feedstuff after being dissolved in water, and feeds to prawn after naturally drying.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: based on Chinese herbal medicine, it is many that Chinese herbal medicine contains for constituent
Kind of Immunoregulation components can strengthen Penaeus vannamei anti-stress ability, enhance immunity, can effectively alleviate Penaeus vannamei by
In water temperature mutation, the too high, scaring of water quality mutation, cultivation density etc. cause stress, thus preventing the farming disease harms to occur, improving and supporting
Grow success rate；The Chinese herbal medicine such as the flat Rhizoma Imperatae of preferable sweet in the mouth, Folium Nelumbinis, embryo nelumbinises, Radix Angelicae Sinensis make as additive for primary raw material
With, the good palatability of feedstuff, in feedstuff, the ratio according to 1-3% is added, and can not only improve Penaeus vannamei anti-stress energy
Power, moreover it is possible to significantly improve Penaeus vannamei food ration, improves efficiency of feed utilization；The cultivation that Penaeus vannamei can be effectively improved survives
Rate, improves the yield of Penaeus vannamei, reduces aquaculture cost, adapts to Penaeus vannamei large-scale cultivation needs；The present invention answers
Closing Chinese herbal feed additive the activity of enzyme system stress have different degrees of facilitation to serum sod etc., can remarkably promote
The growth of Penaeus vannamei, reaches the purpose improving digestibility, reducing feed coefficient；Proportioning of the present invention is simple, simple to operate easy
Capable, with low cost, be suitable to promote, compared with the additive of similar functions, the feed additive environmental protection of the present invention, there is peace
Quan Xing, specificity, noresidue and the advantages of have no side effect；Can be used for large-scale industrial production, be that aquatic feeds provide one
Plant new feed additive for promoting growth, the nutritional need during Penaeus vannamei feeds and disease prevention demand: (1) energy can be met
Enough improve the speed of growth of prawn, significantly reduce feed coefficient；(2) can effectively activate stress enzyme system, improve prawn anti-stress
Respond, has different journeys to the activity of lysozyme (lsz) vigor, phenol oxidase (po) and superoxide dismutase (sod)
The facilitation of degree, you can enhancing non-specific immunity power effectively, therefore the premunition of prawn can be improved, thus reducing shrimp disease
Generation；(3) there is good resistance for Main Pathogenic Bacteria Vibrio anguillarum, prawn not susceptible disease, survival rate is greatly enhanced,
It is obviously improved productivity effect；(4) additive adopts Chinese herbal medicine formula, does not produce drug resistance and toxic and side effects, has safety, specially
One property, drug residue free in prawn body.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described,
Obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based in the present invention
Embodiment, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of not making creative work, all
Belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Penaeus vannamei Chinese herbal feed additive of diseases prevention growth promoting, for improving prawn rate of growth and non-specific immunity
Composite herb medicine forage additive, be made up of the raw material of following percetage by weight: Flos Chrysanthemi powder 8%, mountain Soviet Union powder 10%, Sargassum powder
8%th, powder of Folium Mori 10%, Flos Sophorae Immaturus 7%, Rhizoma dioscoreae 5%, embryo nelumbinises 6%, Folium Perillae 5%, Folium Nelumbinis 7%, Moringa 3%, Radix Notoginseng 3%, Herba Houttuyniae 5%,
Rhizoma Imperatae 3%, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis 2%, Galla Chinensiss 3%, Flos Lonicerae 2%, Cortex Phellodendri 1%, Radix Scutellariae 2%, the Radix Astragali 3%, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 3%, Radix Codonopsis 3%, Radix Isatidis
1%.
The preparation method of the Penaeus vannamei Chinese herbal feed additive of described diseases prevention growth promoting, comprises the following steps:
1) various raw materials are weighed according to the percetage by weight of raw material each in formula；
2) each raw material is pulverized respectively；
3) each raw material after pulverizing is put in mixer successively, mix homogeneously；
4) material of mix homogeneously in step 3) is pulverized through super micron mill, cross 100 eye mesh screens, obtain feed additive
Product.
The Penaeus vannamei Chinese herbal feed additive of described diseases prevention growth promoting, is applied to improve prawn rate of growth and non-specific
Property immunity feedstuff in when, its addition be prawn perfect compound feed gross weight 2%, feed additive be dissolved in water after with
Feedstuff stirs, and feeds to prawn after naturally drying.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Penaeus vannamei Chinese herbal feed additive of diseases prevention growth promoting, for improving prawn rate of growth and non-specific immunity
Composite herb medicine forage additive, be made up of the raw material of following percetage by weight: Flos Chrysanthemi powder 9%, mountain Soviet Union powder 9%, Sargassum powder 9%,
Powder of Folium Mori 9%, Flos Sophorae Immaturus 6%, Rhizoma dioscoreae 6%, embryo nelumbinises 5%, Folium Perillae 6%, Folium Nelumbinis 6%, Moringa 4%, Radix Notoginseng 4%, Herba Houttuyniae 4%, Herba Imperatae
Root 2%, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis 4%, Galla Chinensiss 2%, Flos Lonicerae 1%, Cortex Phellodendri 3%, Radix Scutellariae 3%, the Radix Astragali 2%, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 2%, Radix Codonopsis 2%, Radix Isatidis 2%.
The preparation method of the Penaeus vannamei Chinese herbal feed additive of described diseases prevention growth promoting, comprises the following steps:
1) various raw materials are weighed according to the percetage by weight of raw material each in formula；
2) each raw material is pulverized respectively；
3) each raw material after pulverizing is put in mixer successively, mix homogeneously；
4) material of mix homogeneously in step 3) is pulverized through super micron mill, cross 100 eye mesh screens, obtain feed additive
Product.
The Penaeus vannamei Chinese herbal feed additive of described diseases prevention growth promoting, is applied to improve prawn rate of growth and non-specific
Property immunity feedstuff in when, its addition be prawn perfect compound feed gross weight 2%, feed additive be dissolved in water after with
Feedstuff stirs, and feeds to prawn after naturally drying.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Penaeus vannamei Chinese herbal feed additive of diseases prevention growth promoting, for improving prawn rate of growth and non-specific immunity
Composite herb medicine forage additive, be made up of the raw material of following percetage by weight: Flos Chrysanthemi powder 10%, mountain Soviet Union powder 8%, Sargassum powder
10%th, powder of Folium Mori 8%, Flos Sophorae Immaturus 5%, Rhizoma dioscoreae 7%, embryo nelumbinises 7%, Folium Perillae 7%, Folium Nelumbinis 5%, Moringa 5%, Radix Notoginseng 5%, Herba Houttuyniae 3%,
Rhizoma Imperatae 4%, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis 3%, Galla Chinensiss 1%, Flos Lonicerae 3%, Cortex Phellodendri 2%, Radix Scutellariae 1%, the Radix Astragali 1%, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 1%, Radix Codonopsis 1%, Radix Isatidis
3%.
The preparation method of the Penaeus vannamei Chinese herbal feed additive of described diseases prevention growth promoting, comprises the following steps:
1) various raw materials are weighed according to the percetage by weight of raw material each in formula；
2) each raw material is pulverized respectively；
3) each raw material after pulverizing is put in mixer successively, mix homogeneously；
4) material of mix homogeneously in step 3) is pulverized through super micron mill, cross 100 eye mesh screens, obtain feed additive
Product.
The Penaeus vannamei Chinese herbal feed additive of described diseases prevention growth promoting, is applied to improve prawn rate of growth and non-specific
Property immunity feedstuff in when, its addition be prawn perfect compound feed gross weight 2%, feed additive be dissolved in water after with
Feedstuff stirs, and feeds to prawn after naturally drying.
Culture experiment: the prawn Chinese herbal feed additive of embodiment 1-3 preparation is pressed prawn perfect compound feed gross weight
2% ratio is added to spice in commercially available general goods shrimp feed, carries out culture experiment；Matched group is not add Chinese herbal medicine disease-resistant
The same model general goods shrimp feed of feed additive；Select shrimp seedling healthy, of uniform size, after temporarily supporting 5 days, be divided into 4 groups, point
Wei not 1 group of embodiment, 2 groups of embodiment, 3 groups of embodiment and matched group；Put prawn 45 tail in a suitable place to breed for every group, be placed in the glass of 300 liters/barrel
In steel drum, every group sets 4 repetitions；During test, water temperature is maintained at 25-27 DEG C, 24h continuous charge；Daily in 9:00 and 15:00
Feed twice, daily ration, feeding quantity is not remaining in two hours to be defined；Culture experiment 50 days by a definite date, in addition to feedstuff, remaining is consistent；Examination
After testing end, measure Penaeus vannamei growth indexes, take blood system to carry out the analysis of salivary lysozyme, test knot from serum
Really as shown in Table 1 and Table 2:
Add the impact to prawn growth performance for the Chinese herbal medicine additive in table 1 feedstuff
Shown by the result of the test of table 1, embodiment each group rate of body weight gain is above matched group, but group difference notable (p >
0.05)；And the survival rate of embodiment each group is significantly higher than matched group (p < 0.05), feed coefficient substantially less than matched group (p <
0.05), between embodiment each group, survival rate and feed coefficient difference is not notable (p > 0.05).
Impact (meansigma methodss ± standard error, n=to Penaeus vannamei immunity of organisms for table 2 Chinese herbal composite feed additive
3)
The height of immune indexes reflects the height for the resistance of disease for the prawn, from table 2 it can be seen that adding compound medium-height grass
Every immune indexes that medicine adds the prawn of agent feedstuff are all obviously improved (p < 0.05).
Challenge test: when the Litopenaeus vannamei that culture experiment is cultivated is when cultivating by 50 days, every group takes 80 tail prawns, enters respectively
Row Vibrio anguillarum (vibrio anguillarum) and the challenge test of white spot syndrome virus (wssv), detection counteracting toxic substances prawn after 7 days
Cumulative mortality, result of the test is as shown in table 3:
Table 3 adds the challenge test result of Penaeus vannamei after composite Chinese herbal agent
Shown by the result of the test of table 3, compared with the Litopenaeus vannamei being cultivated using common penaeus vannamei boone feed, using this
The Litopenaeus vannamei of bright prawn special compound feed cultivation can significantly improve the survival rate under vibrio or wssv infectious condition.
Comprehensive above result of the test shows, the Chinese herbal feed additive of the present invention can significantly improve the growth speed of prawn
Degree, raising efficiency of feed utilization, reduction feed coefficient；Improve prawn immunocompetence, the premunition of enhancing prawn simultaneously；For main
Pathogenic bacterium Vibrio anguillarum has good resistance, prawn not susceptible disease, and survival rate is greatly enhanced；The feed additive of the present invention
Using Chinese herbal medicine formula, do not produce drug resistance, toxic and side effects are little, also will not polluted-water environment, drug residue free in prawn body,
Safety and sanitation, environmental protection, it has been obviously improved the economic benefit of prawn culturing.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned one exemplary embodiment, Er Qie
In the case of the spirit or essential attributes of the present invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, embodiment all should be regarded as exemplary, and be nonrestrictive, the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Profit requires rather than described above limits, it is intended that all in the implication and scope of the equivalency of claim by falling
Change is included in the present invention；Moreover, it will be appreciated that although this specification is been described by according to embodiment, not each
Embodiment only comprises an independent technical scheme, this narrating mode of description only for clarity, this area
Technical staff should be using description as an entirety, and the technical scheme in each embodiment can also form this through appropriately combined
Skilled person may be appreciated other embodiment.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of Penaeus vannamei Chinese herbal feed additive of diseases prevention growth promoting, for improving prawn rate of growth and nonspecific immunity
The composite herb medicine forage additive of power is it is characterised in that be made up of following raw material: Flos Chrysanthemi powder, mountain Soviet Union powder, Sargassum powder, Folium Mori
Powder, Flos Sophorae Immaturus, Rhizoma dioscoreae, embryo nelumbinises, Folium Perillae, Folium Nelumbinis, Moringa, Radix Notoginseng, Herba Houttuyniae, Rhizoma Imperatae, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, Galla Chinensiss, gold silver
Flower, Cortex Phellodendri, Radix Scutellariae, the Radix Astragali, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Radix Codonopsis, Radix Isatidis.
2. diseases prevention growth promoting according to claim 1 Penaeus vannamei Chinese herbal feed additive it is characterised in that by with
The raw material of lower percetage by weight is made: Flos Chrysanthemi powder 8-10%, mountain Soviet Union powder 8-10%, Sargassum powder 8-10%, powder of Folium Mori 8-10%, Chinese scholartree
Flower rice 5-7%, Rhizoma dioscoreae 5-7%, embryo nelumbinises 5-7%, Folium Perillae 5-7%, Folium Nelumbinis 5-7%, Moringa 3-5%, Radix Notoginseng 3-5%, fish
Raw meat grass 3-5%, Rhizoma Imperatae 2-4%, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis 2-4%, Galla Chinensiss 1-3%, Flos Lonicerae 1-3%, Cortex Phellodendri 1-3%, Radix Scutellariae 1-
3%th, Radix Astragali 1-3%, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 1-3%, Radix Codonopsis 1-3%, Radix Isatidis 1-3%；The percetage by weight sum of each raw material is 100%.
3. the preparation side of the Penaeus vannamei Chinese herbal feed additive according to the arbitrary described diseases prevention growth promoting of claim 1-2
Method is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1) various raw materials are weighed according to the percetage by weight of raw material each in formula；
2) each raw material is pulverized respectively；
3) each raw material after pulverizing is put in mixer successively, mix homogeneously；
4) material of mix homogeneously in step 3) is pulverized through super micron mill, cross 100-150 eye mesh screen, obtain feed additive
Finished product.
4. the Penaeus vannamei Chinese herbal feed additive according to the arbitrary described diseases prevention growth promoting of claim 1-3 improves in preparation
Application in the feedstuff of prawn rate of growth and non-specific immunity.
5. the Penaeus vannamei Chinese herbal feed additive of diseases prevention growth promoting according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that apply
When improving in the feedstuff of prawn rate of growth and non-specific immunity, its addition is the 1- of prawn perfect compound feed gross weight
3%, feed additive is stirred with feedstuff after being dissolved in water, and feeds to prawn after naturally drying.
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| CN107373189A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-11-24 | 通化师范学院 | A kind of Chinese herbal feed additive for preventing and treating fresh water salmon fin rot and application thereof |
| CN107788211A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-03-13 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Young shrimp resisting stress dousing agent of a kind of Macrobrachium rosenbergii and preparation method thereof |
| CN111066957A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-28 | 无锡三智生物科技有限公司 | High-efficiency natural plant feed additive for repairing intestinal injury of aquatic animals |
| CN111567675A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-08-25 | 盐城恒兴饲料有限公司 | Penaeus vannamei phagostimulant and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20170201 |
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