CN106358852A - Biological prevention and treatment method for late-blight disease of potato - Google Patents
Biological prevention and treatment method for late-blight disease of potato Download PDFInfo
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- CN106358852A CN106358852A CN201610672350.1A CN201610672350A CN106358852A CN 106358852 A CN106358852 A CN 106358852A CN 201610672350 A CN201610672350 A CN 201610672350A CN 106358852 A CN106358852 A CN 106358852A
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- potato
- hedychium coronarium
- fruit
- lapping liquid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/48—Zingiberaceae [Ginger family], e.g. ginger or galangal
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- Biotechnology (AREA)
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- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
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- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a biological prevention and treatment method for the late-blight disease of potato. The biological prevention and treatment method comprises the following steps: preparing hedychium coronarium fruit grinding fluid with a mass fraction of 3% to 5%, then carrying out placing in a shade place, and carrying out sealed preservation for standby application; in March to April of the solar calendar, spraying the hedychium coronarium fruit grinding fluid on the potato orchard ground and potato plants for at least one time; in the germination stage of the potato, spraying the hedychium coronarium fruit grinding fluid on the potato plants for at least one time; and finally, in the seedling stage of the potato, spraying the hedychium coronarium fruit grinding fluid on the potato plants for at least one time. Field test results show that the biological prevention and treatment method provided by the invention has good prevention and treatment effects on the late-blight disease of the potato, has simple manufacturing method and low cost, is free of pesticide residue in plants, and is more natural and environmentally friendly; in addition, hedychium coronarium also has functions of warming the middle for invigorating the stomach, relieving exterior syndromes, inducing perspiration, warming the middle for dispersing cold, relieving pains, etc., so added values of the potato are increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant protection art, specially a kind of biological control method of the late blight of potato.
Background technology
The late blight of potato is to belong to flagellum mattress subphylum fungi (phytophthora infestans by phytophthora infestans
(mont.) de bary) infect and cause.Late blight is a kind of most important fungal disease in Rhizoma Solani tuber osi main producing region, and it initially propagates
Source is neighbouring potato field or Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, weeds and organic compost.
Hazard symptoms: blade is caught an illness and first given birth to the green brown spot of water soaking mode in blade tip or leaf margin, has light green tinge around scab
Circle, during high humidity, scab expands rapidly, brown, and produces a circle white mould, and that is, sporangiophore and Sporangium, especially bright with blade back
Aobvious；When being dried, scab browning dries up, and matter is crisp easily to be split, and loses white mould, and expansion rate slows down.Stem or petiole are caught an illness existing brown bar
Speckle.The serious blade of falling ill wither vertical, crispatura, cause the black corruption of Herb eventually, full field is a piece of dried-up, gives out corrupt smell.Tuber is caught an illness
Nascent brown or puce bulk scab, slightly concave fall into, the subcutaneous potato meat in sick portion is also brown, slowly expands to surrounding or rots.
Cause of disease: phytophthora infestans (mont.) de bary claims phytophthora infestans to belong to flagellum mattress subphylum fungi.
Sporangiophore branch, every one section have the section expanding at raw Sporangium.Sporangium Fructus Citri Limoniae shape, size 3-48 × 12～23(um),
One end has mastoid process, and another end has stalklet, easy to fall off, discharges 5～9 kidney shape zoospores in water.Zoospore has flagellum 2
Root, becomes, after losing flagellum, the spore that stops, and sprouts germ tube, and raw penetration peg invades in host's body again.Mycelial growth thermophilic 20
～23 DEG C, Sporangium forms 19～22 DEG C of thermophilic, 10～13 DEG C of formation zoospores, and temperature is higher than 24 DEG C, and how direct Sporangium is
Sprout, Sporangium forms and requires relative humidity high.
Onset condition: pathogenic bacteria happiness day warms up cold at night super-humid conditions, under the conditions of more than 95%, 18～22 DEG C of relative humidity, is conducive to
Sporangial formation, cools (10～13 DEG C, keep 1～2 hour) again with the presence of water droplet, is conducive to Sporangium to sprout generation and moves about
Spore, warm (24～25 DEG C, continue 5～8 hours) with the presence of water droplet, beneficial to Sporangium direct output germ tube.Therefore rainy year
Part, there was dampness in the air or warm foggy under the conditions of morbidity weight.Plantation susceptible variety, plant is in the flowering phase again, as long as occurring white
It 22 DEG C about, relative humidity continues more than 8 hours higher than 95%, 10～13 DEG C of night, leaf has water droplet continue 11～14 hours
Super-humid conditions, primary disease can occur, and after morbidity, 10～14 days diseases spread full field or cause and are very popular.
Prevention and controls:
(1) select anosis potato seed, reduce primary source of infection.Accomplish that autumn harvest enters cellar for storing things, the winter hides and looks into cellar for storing things, goes out the processes such as cellar for storing things, stripping and slicing, vernalization
In, to strictly reject disease potato every time, conditional to set up anosis seed-plot, carry out anosis reserving seed for planting.
(2) strengthen cultivation management, sowing date for early sowing, the soil is porous, well-drained field is planted for choosing, reduce field humidity,
Promote robust plant growth, strengthen premunition.
(3) crop rotation: prevent continuous cropping, prevent and solanaceous crops continuous cropping, or close on plantation.Should be real with brassicaceous vegetable
Row crop rotation in more than 3 years, it is to avoid and the adjacent plantation of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi；
(5) enhance field management: use sufficient base manure, carry out rational application of fertilizers, it is to avoid nitrogen fertilizer application partially, enrich phosphorus, potash fertilizer.After field planting will and
When management of weeds, according to different cultivars fruit habit, rationally training, pinching, prune, reduce nutrient consumption, the life of promotion stem
Long；
(6) rational close planting: according to different cultivars period of duration length, fruit habit, using different dense planting modes, such as: double stalks are whole
Every mu of branch, plants 2000 plants about, 2500～3500 plants of every mu of cultivation of single stalk training, and rational close planting can improve field ventilation thoroughly
Optical condition, reduces field humidity, mitigates the generation of disease.
But big using agriculture means of defence workload, cause very big pressure to labourer；Protected not only using pesticide
The growth of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi can be impacted, and the farm chemical ingredients of residual also can endanger the healthy of people in Rhizoma Solani tuber osi,
And pollute environment.
Content of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention is to provide a kind of environmental protection, the Biological control side of the efficient late blight of potato
Method, the method does not require to kill phytophthora infestans and belongs to flagellum mattress subphylum fungi, it is to avoid phytophthora infestans belong to flagellum mattress subphylum fungi and produce
Raw resistance, but belong to flagellum mattress subphylum fungi conidium by suppressing phytophthora infestans, reduce phytophthora infestans and belong to flagellum mattress subphylum
Funguses infect radix, and then reach the purpose of controlling disease.
Technical problem solved by the invention employs the following technical solutions to realize:
A kind of biological control method of the late blight of potato, prepares the Hedychium coronarium Koenig fruit lapping liquid that mass fraction is 3%～5%, in the moon
Cool place sealing preserve, standby；First, in solar calendar 3-4 month, the ground and potato plant in Rhizoma Solani tuber osi garden is sprayed at least one times
Hedychium coronarium Koenig fruit lapping liquid；Secondly, in the germination period of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, potato plant is sprayed with Hedychium coronarium Koenig fruit lapping liquid at least one times；
Then, in the Seedling Stage of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, potato plant is sprayed with Hedychium coronarium Koenig fruit lapping liquid at least one times, you can effectively prevent and treat Ma Ling
Potato late blight, and non agricultural chemical residuum in plant, environment-friendly and green.
Preferred version as the present invention: prepare the Hedychium coronarium Koenig fruit lapping liquid that mass fraction is 4%.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention belongs to the suppression spore experiment of flagellum mattress subphylum fungi by the lapping liquid of the Different Organs to Hedychium coronarium Koenig to phytophthora infestans, looks for
To the biological control method preventing and treating the late blight of potato；The method suppresses phytophthora infestans to belong to whip by the lapping liquid of Hedychium coronarium Koenig fruit
Hair mattress subphylum fungi conidium, and then suppress phytophthora infestans to belong to the breeding of flagellum mattress subphylum fungi, reduce phytophthora infestans and belong to whip
Hair mattress subphylum fungi infects radix, reaches the purpose of controlling disease, and manufacture method is simple, low cost, more natural environmental-protective；
In addition, Hedychium coronarium Koenig also has the effects such as warming middle-JIAO stomach invigorating, relieving the exterior syndrome by diaphoresis, warming spleen and stomach for dispelling cold, pain relieving；Significantly increase the additional of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi
Value.
Specific embodiment
In order that the technological means of the present invention, creation characteristic, workflow, using method reached purpose and effect are easy to bright
White understanding, is further elucidated below the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of biological control method of the late blight of potato, prepares the Hedychium coronarium Koenig fruit lapping liquid that mass fraction is 3%～5% first,
It is placed in Plastic Drum, in the cool sealing preserve；First, in solar calendar 3-4 month, the ground to Rhizoma Solani tuber osi garden and potato plant
Spray Hedychium coronarium Koenig fruit lapping liquid at least one times；Then, in the germination period of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, potato plant is sprayed with Hedychium coronarium Koenig at least one times
Fruit lapping liquid；Finally, in the Seedling Stage of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, potato plant is sprayed with Hedychium coronarium Koenig fruit lapping liquid at least one times, you can
Effectively prevent and treat the late blight of potato.
Embodiment 2
Hedychium coronarium Koenig stem, leaf, the liquid of milling of fruit belong to the conidial Inhibition test of flagellum mattress subphylum fungi to phytophthora infestans.
1. experiment material:
(1) mass fraction is that 4% Hedychium coronarium Koenig stem is milled liquid；
(2) mass fraction is that 4% Hedychium coronarium Koenig leaf is milled liquid；
(3) mass fraction is that 4% Hedychium coronarium Koenig fruit is milled liquid；
2. experimental technique: respectively experiment material (1)-(3) are poured in the pda culture medium of a diameter of 75mm, will with triangle glass rod
Coating uniformly, then belongs to flagellum mattress subphylum fungi bacteria cake, mycelia face with the phytophthora infestans that activation produced by a diameter of 12mm card punch
It is inoculated in the pda culture medium central that surface is coated with experiment material (1)-(3) down, pda culture medium relative humidity controls 95
～97%, it is placed in dark culturing 10 hours in 22 DEG C of constant incubators.
3. experimental result:
Test result indicate that: Hedychium coronarium Koenig fruit liquid of milling belongs to flagellum mattress subphylum fungi conidium and has strong suppression to phytophthora infestans
Effect, culture produced still without Sporangium after 10 hours, culture medium white hypha not yet；Hedychium coronarium Koenig stem mills liquid to phytophthora infestans genus
Flagellum mattress subphylum fungi conidium has partial inhibition, and part Lycoperdon polymorphum Vitt in culture medium；Hedychium coronarium Koenig leaf mills liquid to pathogenic epidemic disease
Almost without inhibitory action, culture medium almost all is Lycoperdon polymorphum Vitt to mould genus flagellum mattress subphylum fungi conidium.
Embodiment 3
1. experimental period: 2014；
2. test place: Anhui Province Rhizoma Solani tuber osi garden；
3. experimental technique:
One piece of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi garden is divided into five parts；
Part I early stage is left intact；A large amount of Rhizoma Solani tuber osis obtain after being ill, in order to reduce economic loss, using mass fraction are
4% Hedychium coronarium Koenig fruit lapping liquid carries out treatment process；
Part II is processed using the method described in embodiment 1, the Hedychium coronarium Koenig fruit lapping liquid being 3% using mass fraction,
Each period all sprays once；
Part III is processed using the method described in embodiment 1, the Hedychium coronarium Koenig fruit lapping liquid being 4% using mass fraction,
Each period all sprays once；
Part IV is processed using the method described in embodiment 1, the Hedychium coronarium Koenig fruit lapping liquid being 5% using mass fraction,
Each period all sprays once；
Part V carries out plant in premorbid use using the white 1000 times of liquid of bacterium ester of 38% evil and sprays comprehensively, and administration time is identical.
4. experimental result:
A large amount of late blights of potato in Part I early stage, and the Hedychium coronarium Koenig fruit lapping liquid being 4% using mass fraction is treated
After process, the state of an illness is controlled；
Part II occurs in that 10 plants of potato plant illness, attracts more Apiss around potato plant；
Part III occurs in that 3 plants of potato plant illness, attracts more Apiss around potato plant；
Part IV occurs in that 7 plants of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi illness, attracts more Apiss around potato plant；
Part V occurs in that 11 plants of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi illness, attracts less Apiss around potato plant；
Test result indicate that: mass fraction is that 3～5% Hedychium coronarium Koenig fruit lapping liquid can be very good to suppress grey Rhizoma Solani tuber osi spore mitogenetic
Spore, can prevent and treat the late blight of potato, and effect is better than disliking white bacterium ester.
More than the preferred embodiments of the present invention, have been shown and described the ultimate principle of the present invention, principal character and this
Bright advantage.The technical staff of the industry can be not restricted to the described embodiments, without departing from spirit and scope of the invention
Under the premise of, variations and modifications are carried out to the present invention, these change and modifications will implement into claimed invention
In the range of, the claimed scope of the present invention is by affiliated claims and its equivalent thereof.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of biological control method of the late blight of potato, is characterized in that: prepares the Hedychium coronarium Koenig fruit that mass fraction is 3%～5%
Lapping liquid, sealing preserve in the cool, standby；First, in solar calendar 3-4 month, the ground to Rhizoma Solani tuber osi garden and potato plant
On spray Hedychium coronarium Koenig fruit lapping liquid at least one times；Then, in the germination period of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, potato plant is sprayed with Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens at least one times
Flowers fruit lapping liquid；Finally, in the Seedling Stage of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, potato plant is sprayed with Hedychium coronarium Koenig fruit lapping liquid at least one times, that is,
The late blight of potato can be prevented and treated.
2. the biological control method of the late blight of potato according to claim 1, is characterized in that: preparing mass fraction is 4%
Hedychium coronarium Koenig fruit lapping liquid.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610672350.1A CN106358852A (en) | 2016-08-16 | 2016-08-16 | Biological prevention and treatment method for late-blight disease of potato |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610672350.1A CN106358852A (en) | 2016-08-16 | 2016-08-16 | Biological prevention and treatment method for late-blight disease of potato |
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| CN106358852A true CN106358852A (en) | 2017-02-01 |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| UA32328U (en) * | 2008-01-10 | 2008-05-12 | Национальный Аграрный Университет | Method for controlling number and harmfulness of sucking pests of berry-fields |
| CN103141702A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-06-12 | 云南双胞胎饲料有限公司 | Chinese herb extract feed additive capable of effectively preventing and treating porcine epizootic diarrhea |
| CN103340080A (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2013-10-09 | 周永珍 | Planting method for controlling eggplant successive cropping obstacles |
| CN103348861A (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2013-10-16 | 周永珍 | Planting method for preventing and curing strawberry successive cropping obstacles |
| CN103828657A (en) * | 2014-03-17 | 2014-06-04 | 刘备 | Biological prevention and control method for grape gray mold |
| CN104969768A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-10-14 | 王振华 | Plantation method for controlling banana leaf spot disease |
-
2016
- 2016-08-16 CN CN201610672350.1A patent/CN106358852A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| UA32328U (en) * | 2008-01-10 | 2008-05-12 | Национальный Аграрный Университет | Method for controlling number and harmfulness of sucking pests of berry-fields |
| CN103141702A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-06-12 | 云南双胞胎饲料有限公司 | Chinese herb extract feed additive capable of effectively preventing and treating porcine epizootic diarrhea |
| CN103340080A (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2013-10-09 | 周永珍 | Planting method for controlling eggplant successive cropping obstacles |
| CN103348861A (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2013-10-16 | 周永珍 | Planting method for preventing and curing strawberry successive cropping obstacles |
| CN103828657A (en) * | 2014-03-17 | 2014-06-04 | 刘备 | Biological prevention and control method for grape gray mold |
| CN104969768A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-10-14 | 王振华 | Plantation method for controlling banana leaf spot disease |
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