CN106358772A - Method for increasing graft survival rate of chestnut pumpkins - Google Patents
Method for increasing graft survival rate of chestnut pumpkins Download PDFInfo
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- CN106358772A CN106358772A CN201610776525.3A CN201610776525A CN106358772A CN 106358772 A CN106358772 A CN 106358772A CN 201610776525 A CN201610776525 A CN 201610776525A CN 106358772 A CN106358772 A CN 106358772A
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- grafting
- chestnut
- seed
- scion
- cucurbitae moschatae
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for increasing the graft survival rate of chestnut pumpkins. The method for increasing the graft survival rate of the chestnut pumpkins comprises the following steps of selecting species, soaking seeds, sprouting, seeding, grafting and managing after grafting. According to the method for increasing the graft survival rate of the chestnut pumpkins, high-quality cucurbita maxima Dongsheng is selected as rootstock which is flourishing in root system and has strong affinity and symbiosis with the chestnut pumpkins, a foundation is laid for increasing the graft survival rate, sprouting is performed with gibberellin, the growth of leaves and buds is stimulated, seed dormancy is broken, the germination rate of seeds is increased, and naphthalene acetic acid is used during grafting so as to promote the activity of cambia, so that wound healing is promoted, and the graft survival rate is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of grafting seedlings-growing method is and in particular to a kind of method of raising shellfish chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae graft survival rate,
Belong to agricultural plantation technology field.
Background technology
Shellfish chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae is the preferable kind of fine work Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae cultivation, and shellfish chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae prematureness is good, peel green, and fruit is oblate
Shape, sarcocarp is in yellow or dense Huang, sweet mouthfeel, and local flavor is excellent, and also contains polysaccharide, aminoacid, activated protein carotenoid
And various trace elements etc. multiple to human body beneficiating ingredient, enjoy liking so that cultivated area constantly expands of consumer.But
Due to the nice and cool mild climate of shellfish chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae happiness, temperature is too high, then plant easily infected virus disease, and temperature is too low, and plant strain growth subtracts
Delay or stop growing, along with engrafting method is also efficient in current techniques, planting environment is different, holds easily infected virus, makes
Become graft survival rate low, significant limitation is subject on application.
Content of the invention
The invention aims to overcoming deficiency of the prior art, provide a kind of raising shellfish chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae graft survival rate
Method.
For solving the above problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of method improving shellfish chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae graft survival rate, the method for described raising shellfish chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae graft survival rate includes as follows
Step:
(1) Fruit variety:, as stock, shellfish chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae is as scion for the western pumpkin " east rises " of selection high-quality；
(2) presoaking and germinating: make in a like fashion to stock seed and ingraftment seed presoaking and germinating, 3-5 hour of basking seeds, break kind
Sub- dormancy, puts in 50-55 DEG C of warm water seed soaking 10-15 minute and carries out disinfection after basking seeds, and is stirred continuously to 30 DEG C of water temperature, heat
The water yield should be 5 times of grain weight, then continues to soak 3-4 hour by seed, the seed after sterilization is immersed in gibberellins,
Soak a period of time, soak 3-4 hour with clear water again after pulling out, often stir every other hour once, then seed is pulled out and clearly
Wash clean, and wrapped with wet cloth, it is placed in 28-30 DEG C of calorstat and carries out lucifuge accelerating germination, keep the humidity of wet cloth, will stir daily
2-3 time, light and slow when stirring, uniform, and observe whether temperature is suitable, such as discovery seed is tacky, should use clear water immediately seed
Clean up with wet cloth, the shellfish chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae planting early enough of western pumpkin " east rises " scion to be used for as stock one week, in west
After foreign Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae " east rises " is emerged, then the shellfish chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae presoaking and germinating as scion is processed；
(3) sow: sow after most of seed germination, stock seed is seeded into equipped with the Seedling bag of Nutrition Soil, every bag
One seed, the Nutrition Soil of earthing 1-2 cm thick, and carefully spray a small amount of water, finally on Seedling bag, cover one layer of mulch film moisture-keeping, buckle
Small plastic shed film, after stock seed sprouting, takes mulch film off in time, seedling length a to leaf wholeheartedly when spray nutritious liquor, as scion
After shellfish chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae presoaking and germinating is processed, it is seeded in seedlings nursing plate, insulation, moisturizing nursery, particularly ground temperature will be maintained at 23-28
DEG C, 25-30 DEG C of day temperature before being unearthed, 20-25 DEG C of evening temperature before being unearthed, 20-25 DEG C of day temperature after emerging, evening after emerging
Between temperature 18-20 DEG C, control waters, if soil is dry and cracked, can cover fine earth moist on a small quantity, management after planting and general Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae pipe
Reason mode is the same, and the same western pumpkin of seedling management " east rises " after emerging is equally, 1-2 days before grafting seedling exercising of will suitably divulging information,
To improve the resistance of seedling；
(4) grafting: when rootstock seedling length to two leaves wholeheartedly, when scion seedling leaf just launches, using western pumpkin " east rise " as stock, shellfish
Chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae starts grafting as scion, oblique cutting method, excises the true leaf of rootstock seedling and growing point with blade during grafting, then with connect
The thick one side wedge shape bamboo let such as fringe, by the plane of sterilized bamboo let downwards, from rootstock seedling side cotyledon base portion oblique cutting to another
Side, incision is in the downward oblique cutting of 45° angle, and young stem epidermis is pushed up in bamboo let tip, and not poke exocuticle, the bamboo let that mays be seen indistinctly is
Preferably, form 0.5-1.0 centimetre of spliced eye, with the blade after sterilization below scion cotyledon 0.4-0.6 centimeters from end of blade to
Butt is cut sth. askew, and obtains a length of 0.5-1.0 centimetre of wedge shape scion, and the edge of a knife will flush, and the scion cutting is soaked one with naphthalene acetic acid
The section time, take out bamboo let, scion is inserted the grafting in the hole of stock, and so that the otch of stock and scion is worked in coordination embedded, connect
The cotyledon of fringe is consistent with direction during the cotyledon grafting of stock, is pinioned with Grafting clip or adhesive tape and fixes at grafting；
(5) management after grafting: grafting is placed in booth, covers Small plastic shed film and sunshade net in time, keep relative humidity
95% and more than, provide moisture, 25-30 DEG C of day temperature, 18-20 DEG C of night, after one week, suitably leak informaton dehumidifying, suitably sees light,
But when intensity of illumination is high, shading treatment, 20-30 DEG C of day temperature, 15-18 DEG C of night should be carried out, after two weeks, grafting survives simultaneously
Be managed, be colonized according to general Seedling, field management and harvesting, note moisturizing of divulging information, prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
As the improvement of technique scheme, the mass concentration of described gibberellins is 0.01%-0.015%, and soak time is
2-3 hour.
As the improvement of technique scheme, the concentration of described naphthalene acetic acid is 10-20mg/l, and soak time is that 1-1.5 is little
When.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows for the present invention:
The method improving shellfish chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae graft survival rate of the present invention, the western pumpkin " east rise " selecting high-quality as stock,
Well developed root system, and all relatively strong with shellfish chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae affinity, symbiosis, lay the foundation for improving graft survival rate, urged with gibberellins
Bud, stimulates the growth of leaf and bud, breaks seed dormancy, improves percentage of seedgermination, using naphthalene acetic acid during grafting, promotes cambial
Activity, thus promoting wound healing, improves the survival rate of grafting.
Specific embodiment
Present disclosure to be described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
A kind of method improving shellfish chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae graft survival rate, the method for described raising shellfish chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae graft survival rate includes
Following steps:
(1) Fruit variety: select the western pumpkin " east rises " of high-quality as stock, well developed root system, to have quality better, fruit-setting rate
The features such as height, sugar content height, vitamin a, Determination of Vitamin C enrich, premunition is strong, shellfish chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae is as scion, sibship
Nearer, affinity is stronger, and the survival rate of grafting is also higher；
(2) presoaking and germinating: because stock seed and ingraftment seed are same genus Pumpkin Seed it is possible to be urged with identical seed soaking
Bud mode, basks seeds 3-5 hour in the place having sunlight, breaks seed dormancy, overlong time of basking seeds, and Interior Seed can be caused to reduce
Or lose moisture and nutrient, affect germination, put into seed soaking 10-15 minute in 50-55 DEG C of warm water after basking seeds and carry out disinfection,
And be stirred continuously to 30 DEG C of water temperature, keep seed to be heated evenly, though hot water amount should be 5 times of grain weight about it is ensured that
Then seed is continued to soak 3-4 hour, can prevent Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae mosaic viruss by the water surface still submergence seed after seed water absorption and swelling
Disease, the seed after sterilization is immersed in the gibberellins of 0.01%-0.015% concentration, soaks 2-3 hour, is soaked with clear water after pulling out again
3-4 hour, gibberellins can stimulate the growth of leaf and bud, breaks seed dormancy, improves percentage of seedgermination, and excessive concentration can make kind
Son is lopsided or dead, and the too low effect of concentration is inconspicuous, now with the current, and long-time storage was easily lost efficacy, and often stirs one every other hour
Secondary, make seed be subject to medicine uniformly, then seed is pulled out and clean up, and wrapped with wet cloth, be placed in 28-30 DEG C of calorstat
Row lucifuge accelerating germination, illumination is easily germinateed when few, and temperature is too low, and intraseminal enzymatic activity is low, is unfavorable for germinateing, temperature is too high, seed
Repiration is vigorous, can excessively consume the nutrition of itself storage, reduce germination percentage, keep the humidity of wet cloth, 2-3 to be stirred daily
Secondary, so that seed is heated evenly, light and slow when stirring, uniform, and whether observe temperature suitable, with profit kind transdermally gas, such as discovery kind
Son is tacky, should with clear water, seed and wet cloth be cleaned up immediately, in order to avoid seed hydropenia and mouldy, as the western pumpkin of stock
The shellfish chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae planting early enough of " east rises " scion to be used for one week, after western pumpkin " east rises " is emerged, then using as scion
Shellfish chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae presoaking and germinating is processed, and so may insure that rootstock seedling is more than scion seedling, is easy to grafting；
(3) sow: can sow after most of seed germination, stock seed is seeded into equipped with the Seedling bag of Nutrition Soil, often
One seed of bag, provides growing space and the nutrition of abundance, and seed is light inhibited seed, needs earthing, earthing 1-2 cm thick
Nutrition Soil, and carefully spray a small amount of water, keep soil to have certain humidity, finally on Seedling bag, cover one layer of mulch film moisture-keeping, buckle little
Arch shed membrane, after stock seed sprouting, takes mulch film off in time, so as not to impact normal growth, seedling length a to leaf wholeheartedly when spray battalion
Nutrient solution, to improve the vitality of stock, after the shellfish chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae presoaking and germinating process of scion, is seeded in seedlings nursing plate, insulation,
Moisturizing nursery, particularly ground temperature will be maintained at 23-28 DEG C, promote neat, 25-30 DEG C of day temperature before being unearthed of emerging, before being unearthed
20-25 DEG C of evening temperature, sprouts fast, the too high suppression of temperature is sprouted, and should suitably lower the temperature after major part comes up, and prevents lower embryo
Axle excessive growth, 20-25 DEG C of day temperature after emerging, 18-20 DEG C of evening temperature after emerging, the Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae of this attribute has slight fear of cold, temperature
Spend low, plant growing way slows down, or even stops growing, and control is watered, if soil is dry and cracked, fine earth moist on a small quantity can be covered to reduce
Evaporation, management after planting is with general Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae way to manage as, and the same western pumpkin of seedling management " east liter " after emerging
Sample, 1-2 days before grafting seedling exercising of will suitably divulging information, to improve the resistance of seedling；
(4) grafting: when rootstock seedling length to two leaves wholeheartedly, when scion seedling leaf just launches, using western pumpkin " east rise " as stock, shellfish
Chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae starts grafting as scion, oblique cutting method, excises true leaf and the growing point of rootstock seedling during grafting with blade, in order to avoid contention is supported
Point, then with the one side wedge shape bamboo let thick with scion etc., by the plane of sterilized bamboo let downwards, by rootstock seedling side cotyledon base
Portion's oblique cutting is in the downward oblique cutting of 45° angle to opposite side, incision, and more firmly, young stem epidermis is pushed up in bamboo let tip, outer not poke
Epidermis, the bamboo let that mays be seen indistinctly is advisable, such as firmly excessive, bamboo let permeate through epidermis, and during scion insertion, most advanced and sophisticated exposed parts are easily conigenous certainly
Once root, growth of burying after field planting, just loses grafting meaning, forms 0.5-1.0 centimetre of spliced eye, beneficial to grafting survival,
With the blade after sterilization, below scion cotyledon, 0.4-0.6 centimeters are cut sth. askew from end of blade to butt, beneficial to combination, obtain a length of
0.5-1.0 centimetre of wedge shape scion, the edge of a knife will flush so that grafting knife tone is closed, and the scion cutting mass concentration is 10-
The naphthalene acetic acid of 20mg/l soaks 1-1.5 hour, promotes cambial activity, thus promoting wound healing, improves surviving of grafting
Rate, when concentration is too low, plant wound heeling is slow, during excessive concentration, suppresses plant growing, affects wound healing, takes out bamboo let, will
The grafting in the hole of stock is inserted in scion, and so that the otch of stock and scion is worked in coordination embedded, the cotyledon of scion and the son of stock
During leaf grafting, direction is consistent, and two parts contributing to being connected together grow up to a complete plant, are tied up with Grafting clip or adhesive tape
Live at grafting, fixed with this, and notice that the blade after sterilization, bamboo let just must can use after dry, otherwise will have a strong impact on
Survival rate；
(5) management after grafting: grafting is placed in booth, covers Small plastic shed film and sunshade net in time, keep relative humidity
95% and more than, moisture is provided, 25-30 DEG C of day temperature, at 18-20 DEG C of night, to ensure that grafting survives, after one week, suitably put
Wind dehumidifying, is suitably shown in light, but when intensity of illumination is high, should carry out shading treatment, 20-30 DEG C of day temperature, 15-18 DEG C of night, plus
Big day and night temperature, so that grafting slowly adapts to, after two weeks, grafting survives and enters according to general Seedling gradually to adjust environment in canopy
Line pipe reason, field planting, field management and harvesting, note moisturizing of divulging information, prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
The method improving shellfish chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae graft survival rate of the present invention, the western pumpkin " east rises " selecting high-quality is as anvil
Wood, well developed root system, and all relatively strong with shellfish chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae affinity, symbiosis, lay the foundation for improving graft survival rate, use gibberellins
Accelerating germination, stimulates the growth of leaf and bud, breaks seed dormancy, improves percentage of seedgermination, using naphthalene acetic acid during grafting, promotes cambium layer
Activity, thus promoting wound healing, improve grafting survival rate.
Above content is made for the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments detailed description in detail it is impossible to assert that the present invention is specifically real
Apply and be only limitted to these explanations.For those skilled in the art, before without departing from present inventive concept
Put, some simple deduction or replace can also be made, all should be considered as belonging to the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method improving shellfish chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae graft survival rate is it is characterised in that described raising shellfish chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae graft survival rate
Method comprise the steps:
(1) Fruit variety:, as stock, shellfish chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae is as scion for the western pumpkin " east rises " of selection high-quality；
(2) presoaking and germinating: make in a like fashion to stock seed and ingraftment seed presoaking and germinating, 3-5 hour of basking seeds, break kind
Sub- dormancy, puts in 50-55 DEG C of warm water seed soaking 10-15 minute and carries out disinfection after basking seeds, and is stirred continuously to 30 DEG C of water temperature, heat
The water yield should be 5 times of grain weight, then continues to soak 3-4 hour by seed, the seed after sterilization is immersed in gibberellins,
Soak a period of time, soak 3-4 hour with clear water again after pulling out, often stir every other hour once, then seed is pulled out and clearly
Wash clean, and wrapped with wet cloth, it is placed in 28-30 DEG C of calorstat and carries out lucifuge accelerating germination, keep the humidity of wet cloth, will stir daily
2-3 time, light and slow when stirring, uniform, and observe whether temperature is suitable, such as discovery seed is tacky, should use clear water immediately seed
Clean up with wet cloth, the shellfish chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae planting early enough of western pumpkin " east rises " scion to be used for as stock one week, in west
After foreign Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae " east rises " is emerged, then the shellfish chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae presoaking and germinating as scion is processed；
(3) sow: sow after most of seed germination, stock seed is seeded into equipped with the Seedling bag of Nutrition Soil, every bag
One seed, the Nutrition Soil of earthing 1-2 cm thick, and carefully spray a small amount of water, finally on Seedling bag, cover one layer of mulch film moisture-keeping, buckle
Small plastic shed film, after stock seed sprouting, takes mulch film off in time, seedling length a to leaf wholeheartedly when spray nutritious liquor, as scion
After shellfish chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae presoaking and germinating is processed, it is seeded in seedlings nursing plate, insulation, moisturizing nursery, particularly ground temperature will be maintained at 23-28
DEG C, 25-30 DEG C of day temperature before being unearthed, 20-25 DEG C of evening temperature before being unearthed, 20-25 DEG C of day temperature after emerging, evening after emerging
Between temperature 18-20 DEG C, control waters, if soil is dry and cracked, can cover fine earth moist on a small quantity, management after planting and general Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae pipe
Reason mode is the same, and the same western pumpkin of seedling management " east rises " after emerging is equally, 1-2 days before grafting seedling exercising of will suitably divulging information,
To improve the resistance of seedling；
(4) grafting: when rootstock seedling length to two leaves wholeheartedly, when scion seedling leaf just launches, using western pumpkin " east rise " as stock, shellfish
Chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae starts grafting as scion, oblique cutting method, excises the true leaf of rootstock seedling and growing point with blade during grafting, then with connect
The thick one side wedge shape bamboo let such as fringe, by the plane of sterilized bamboo let downwards, from rootstock seedling side cotyledon base portion oblique cutting to another
Side, incision is in the downward oblique cutting of 45° angle, and young stem epidermis is pushed up in bamboo let tip, and not poke exocuticle, the bamboo let that mays be seen indistinctly is
Preferably, form 0.5-1.0 centimetre of spliced eye, with the blade after sterilization below scion cotyledon 0.4-0.6 centimeters from end of blade to
Butt is cut sth. askew, and obtains a length of 0.5-1.0 centimetre of wedge shape scion, and the edge of a knife will flush, and the scion cutting is soaked one with naphthalene acetic acid
The section time, take out bamboo let, scion is inserted the grafting in the hole of stock, and so that the otch of stock and scion is worked in coordination embedded, connect
The cotyledon of fringe is consistent with direction during the cotyledon grafting of stock, is pinioned with Grafting clip or adhesive tape and fixes at grafting；
(5) management after grafting: grafting is placed in booth, covers Small plastic shed film and sunshade net in time, keep relative humidity
95% and more than, provide moisture, 25-30 DEG C of day temperature, 18-20 DEG C of night, after one week, suitably leak informaton dehumidifying, suitably sees light,
But when intensity of illumination is high, shading treatment, 20-30 DEG C of day temperature, 15-18 DEG C of night should be carried out, after two weeks, grafting survives simultaneously
Be managed, be colonized according to general Seedling, field management and harvesting, note moisturizing of divulging information, prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
2. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of method improving shellfish chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae graft survival rate it is characterised in that described gibberellins
Mass concentration be 0.01%-0.015%, soak time be 2-3 hour.
3. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of method improving shellfish chestnut Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae graft survival rate it is characterised in that described naphthalene acetic acid
Concentration be 10-20mg/l, soak time be 1-1.5 hour.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610776525.3A CN106358772A (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | Method for increasing graft survival rate of chestnut pumpkins |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610776525.3A CN106358772A (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | Method for increasing graft survival rate of chestnut pumpkins |
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| CN106358772A true CN106358772A (en) | 2017-02-01 |
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| CN201610776525.3A Withdrawn CN106358772A (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | Method for increasing graft survival rate of chestnut pumpkins |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108934824A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-12-07 | 钟山佳欣果蔬有限责任公司 | A kind of greenhouse pumpkin high yield cultivating method |
| CN112042409A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-08 | 李友 | Method for grafting dense pumpkin by black-seed pumpkin |
| CN116458298A (en) * | 2023-03-20 | 2023-07-21 | 江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所 | Method for improving germination vigor of pumpkin stock seeds |
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| CN103168593A (en) * | 2013-03-26 | 2013-06-26 | 张梦圆 | Plastic-covered greenhouse pumpkin cultivation method |
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| CN103404342A (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2013-11-27 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | Cucurbita maxima and Cucurbitamoschata grafting and strong seedling cultivation method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108934824A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-12-07 | 钟山佳欣果蔬有限责任公司 | A kind of greenhouse pumpkin high yield cultivating method |
| CN112042409A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-08 | 李友 | Method for grafting dense pumpkin by black-seed pumpkin |
| CN116458298A (en) * | 2023-03-20 | 2023-07-21 | 江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所 | Method for improving germination vigor of pumpkin stock seeds |
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