CN106340959B - 电力网监视系统和方法 - Google Patents
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- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
- H02J3/242—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks using phasor measuring units [PMU]
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Abstract
一种电力网监视系统包括安装在所述多个变电站之中的至少一个变电站中的主设备以及安装在除其中安装有主设备的变电站之外的其余变电站中的多个从设备。每个从设备包括被配置成测量其中安装有从设备的变电站的数据的第一PMU,所述数据诸如电压和电流的无功/有功功率、量值和相角。该主设备分析从每个从设备发射的数据,基于分析结果生成用于而采取相应从设备的动作的命令,并将生成的命令发射到相应从设备。
Description
技术领域
本公开涉及能够实时地监视电力网的电力网监视系统及其方法。
背景技术
根据国家的经济增长和人们生活标准的改善,使用方便性和作为国家经济增长的引擎的电力消耗不断地增加,并且电力需求的增加使得电力系统复杂化、多样化且具有大的容量。然而,在北美和欧洲发生的2003年停电由初始的小规模事故由于用于针对电力系统的数据获取和监视控制的系统的薄弱而未被快速地检测到并处理而允许停电波及到整个电力系统所引起。因此,对于用于能量管理系统中的电力系统的一般操作状态数据获取、系统分析以及远程检测控制而言重要性正在被放大。
作为用于检测、分析以及记录电力系统中的故障或事故的现有技术,提出了韩国专利特许公开公布号10-2003-0037499(在2003年5月14日公布,下文中的引用文献1)。
然而,在引用文献1中,仅检测、分析并记录相关数据,并不采取与之相对应的动作。
另外,在引用文献1中,仅计算出特定变电站(substation)的状态而未计算出与之相连的各种变电站的状态。
发明内容
实施例提供了一种用于解决上述及其它限制的电力网监视系统和方法。
实施例还提供了一种能够在彼此相连的变电站之间进行通信的电力网监视系统和方法。
实施例还提供了一种能够允许其中安装有诸如PMU主设备之类的主设备的变电站基于从其中分别地安装有诸如PMU从设备之类的多个从设备的多个变电站获得的数据来控制其中安装有从设备的变电站的电力网监视系统和方法。
实施例还提供了一种通过其安装并在整个电力网中操作主设备和从设备的电力网监视系统和方法,所述整个电力网包括AC系统和被链接到AC系统的HVDC系统。
在一个实施例中,监视多个变电站的电力网监视系统包括主设备,其被安装在所述多个变电站之中的至少一个变电站中;以及多个从设备,其被安装在除其中安装有主设备的变电站之外的其余变电站中。
该从设备包括:第一相量测量单元(PMU),其被配置成测量数据,该数据诸如其中安装有从设备的变电站的电压和电流的无功/有功功率、量值和相角;以及第一通信单元,其被配置成将由第一PMU测量的数据发射到主设备。
该主设备分析从每个从设备发射的数据,基于分析结果生成用于相应从设备采取动作的命令,并将生成的命令发射到相应从设备。
在另一实施例中,一种监视包括被安装在彼此相连的多个变电站中的至少一个中的主设备以及安装在除其中安装有主设备的变电站之外的其余变电站中的从设备的电力网监视系统的方法包括:从所述从设备中的一个接收数据;检查接收到的数据是否是AC系统数据;当接收到的数据是AC系统数据时,参考AC系统来分析接收到的数据;基于分析结果而生成用于相应从设备采取动作的命令;以及将生成的命令发射到相应从设备。
在附图和以下描述中阐述了一个或多个实施例的细节。根据本描述和附图以及根据权利要求,其它特征将变得显而易见。
附图说明
图1图示出根据第一实施例的电力网监视系统。
图2是图示出从设备的配置的框图。
图3是图示出主设备的配置的框图。
图4图示出根据第二实施例的电力网监视系统。
图5是图示出根据实施例的电力网监视系统中的监视方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
现在将详细地对本公开的实施例进行参考,在其中相同参考标号自始至终指代相同元件的附图中示出了其示例,并且将省略重复说明。
如从前文可以看到的,上述实施例不限于上述实施例的配置和方法,而是可将实施例的全部或一部分配置成被选择性地组合,使得可以实现实施例的各种修改。
在以下描述中,给出被用于指代元件的诸如‘模块’、‘部分’或‘单元’之类的后缀的使用仅仅是为了促进本发明的说明,而其本身并不具有任何重要的意义。在以下描述中,将省略众所周知的功能或构造的详细描述,以你为其将由于不必要的细节而使本发明含糊难懂。另外,附图用来帮助容易地理解本发明的技术思想,并且应理解的是本发明的思想不受附图的限制。不应将本发明理解为局限于特定公开形式,并且应将本发明的精神和范围理解为结合各种修改、等价物和替换。
图1图示出根据第一实施例的电力网监视系统。
如图1中所示,根据第一实施例的电力网监视系统包括主设备M和被连接到主设备M的多个从设备S。
在实施例中,术语“从”可意指收集某些数据并输送收集到的数据,并且术语“主”可意指基于从从设备S输送的数据确定并采取行动,并向从设备S输送命令。
主设备M和从设备S可被例如安装在变电站中。
变电站可包括154kV变电站、345kV变电站以及765变电站。
例如,可将主设备M安装在最高等级变电站中,例如765kV变电站,并且可将从设备S安装在154kV变电站或345kV变电站中,但是实施例不限于此。
作为用于变换功率、即电压的变电转可将例如345kV的电压变换成765kV的电压或者例如将765kV的电压变换成345kV的电压。
例如,当从其中向需求侧(例如,工厂)产生功率的发电厂发射功率时,可将在发电厂与工厂之间安装变电站,其中,变电站包括用于将功率、即发电厂的电压变换成154kV并发射154kV的154kV等级变电站、用于将154kV变换成345kV并发射345kV的345kV等级变电站、用于将345kV变换成765kV并发射765kV的765kV等级变电站、用于再次地将765kV变换成345kV并发射345kV的345kV等级变电站以及用于再次地将345kV变换成154kV并发射154kV的154kV等级变电站。
通过使用主设备M与从设备S之间的物理通信电缆来启用数据发射/接收。从设备S可将从其变电站获得的数据通过通信电缆发射到主设备M,并且主设备M可基于通过通信电缆从从设备S接收到的数据向从设备S发射所需动作或命令。
作为本实施例的数据通信方案,可使用并行通信方案或串行通信方案。作为并行通信方案,存在FDD或CD-ROM等,并且作为串行通信方案,存在LAN、RS232或X.25。
作为本实施例的数据通信,可使用有线通信或无线通信。作为无线通信,可使用RF、蓝牙、以太网、家庭PNA、输电线通信(PLC)、IEEE1394、家庭RF或无线LAN等。
在图1中,连接在主设备M与从设备S之间或从设备S之间的实线表示通信电缆,并且通过该通信电缆,在主设备M与从设备S之间启用数据发射/接收。
预先设定用于数据发射/接收的激活功能以启用主设备M与每个从设备S之间的数据发射/接收,或者可设定用于数据发射/接收的去激活功能以不启用数据发射和接收。通过此类设置,在某些情况下,即在其中设定激活功能的情况下,在特定从设备S与主设备M之间启用数据发射和接收。然而,在其中设定去激活功能的另一情况下,在特定从设备S与主设备M之间不可启用数据发射和接收。因此,主设备M可调整由主设备M管理的、即通过其启用数据发射/接收的从设备S的数目。
在图1中,示出一个主设备M,但主设备M的数目可以是两个或更多,并且不限于此。
图2是图示出从设备的配置的框图。
参考图2,从设备S可包括相量测量单元(PMU)10和通信单元12。
PMU 10可测量其中安装有从设备S的变电站中的一个或多个点处的数据,例如电压和电流的无功/有功功率、量值和相角。因此,可在其中安装有从设备S的变电站中安装至少一个PMU 10。
通信单元12可通过使用通信电缆将由至少一个PMU 10测量的数据发射到主设备M。另外,通信单元12可从主设备M接收数据,例如命令或控制信号。在这种情况下,从设备S或从设备S被安装在其中的变电站可执行特定功能,例如线路阻断。
另一方面,可使由PMU 10获得的数据同步。换言之,可使由PMU 10获得的数据与GPS无线时钟的共同时间同步。可使由安装在每个变电站中的从设备S的每个PMU 10获得的数据与GPS无线时钟的共同时间同步。
图3是图示出主设备的配置的框图。
参考图3,主设备M包括接收单元21、控制单元23、通信单元25、存储器29以及PMU27。
PMU 27可测量其中安装有主设备M的变电站中的一个或多个点处的数据,电压和电流的诸如无功/有功功率、量值和相角。因此,在其中安装有主设备M的变电站中安装至少一个PMU 27。
存储器29可存储来自控制单元23的确定结果或分析结果,并存储在主设备M中设定的设置数据。该设置数据可包括例如能够接收相关数据的从设备S的数目或关于该从设备S的信息,但是不限于此。确定结果可以是但不限于停电相关信息、故障相关信息、其中安装有从设备S的变现站的状态或关于该变电站的情况信息或者连接到变电站的另一变电站的负荷状态或者关于该另一变电站的情况信息。
可将此类确定结果临时地或实时地存储在存储器29中以便稍后在发生电力网停电时用作备份数据。
接收单元21可接收从从设备S发射的数据。在这里,数据可以是电压和电流的无功/有功功率、量值和相角。
通信单元25可向从设备S发射数据。在这里,数据可以是命令或控制信号,但不限于此。从设备S可执行特定功能,例如响应于命令或控制信号的线路阻断。
例如,当在连接到其中安装有从设备S的变电站的工厂中发生停电事故时,可测量由从设备S将停电事故反映到的数据并发射到主设备M。主设备M可通过停电事故被反映到的数据来计算出工厂的停电事故,并且然后向从设备S发射关于线路阻断的命令。因此,其中安装有从设备S的变电站可进行控制使得安装在从设备S与工厂之间的线路根据该命令而被阻断。
控制单元23可基于通过接收单元21从相应从设备S接收到的数据来计算出从设备S被安装在其中的变现站的状态或状况或者连接到该变电站的另一变电站或负载的状态或情况,并且可生成命令或控制信号并将该命令或通知信号通过通信单元25发射到从设备S以基于计算出的状态或情况而采取必要动作。
根据实施例,电力网监视系统被划分成从设备和主设备M,并且由从设备S测量的数据被发射到主设备M。主设备M进行控制,使得基于由从设备S测量的数据对其中安装有从设备S的变电站采取必要的动作。因此,可预先防止由停电或故障事故而引起的级联现象。
根据实施例,由于可在从设备S处实时地测量相关数据,所以实时地防止事故以使得能够实现高效的电力网管理。
另一方面,实施例的电力网监视系统可以不仅应用于AC系统,而且应用于HVDC系统或者AC系统和HVDC系统的链接网络。
在图4中图示出将AC系统和HVDC系统链接时的电力网监视系统。
图4图示出根据第二实施例的电力网监视系统。
参考图4,根据第二实施例的电力网监视系统包括主设备M和被连接到主设备M的多个从设备S。
可将主设备M安装在HVDC系统的DC传输变电站中,并且可将从设备S安装在AC系统的变电站中。
替换地,将主设备M安装在AC系统的变电站中,并将从设备S安装在HVDC系统的DC传输变电站中,但是本实施例不限于此。
可将HVDC系统的DC传输变电站连接到AC系统的变电站。在这种情况下,HVDC系统的DC传输变电站可将从AC系统的变电站提供的AC功率、即AC电压转换成DC电压。当从AC系统的变电站提供的AC电压是345kV AC电压,并且DC传输变电站可将345kV AC电压转换成765kV DC电压。
详细地,当从AC系统的变电站提供的AC电压是345kV AC电压,DC传输变电站可将345kV AC电压转换成765kV AC电压,并且然后将765kV AC电压转换成765kV DC电压。
替换地,可首先将345kV AC电压转换成345kV DC电压,并且然后可将345kV DC电压变换成765kV DC电压,但是本实施例不限于此。
DC传输变电站可包括154kV变电站、345kV变电站以及765kV变电站中的一个,但是鉴于功率损耗的最小化,DC传输变电站可优选地包括765kV变电站。
例如,其中安装有主设备M的DC传输变电站可以是最高等级变电站,例如765kV DC传输变电站,并且其中安装有从设备S的变电站可以是154kV变电站或345kV变电站,但是本实施例不限于此。
如图4中所示,其中安装有主设备M的DC传输变电站可以是将AC电压转换成DC电压并发射DC电压的HVDC系统,并且其中安装有从设备S的变电站可以是对AC电压进行变换的AC系统。
在HVDC系统中,连接到其中安装有从设备S的变电站的DC传输变电站可以是发射侧DC传输变电站,并且连接到发射侧DC传输变电站的另一DC传输变电站可以是需求侧DC传输变电站。
可将从设备S安装在需求侧DC传输变电站中,但是本实施例不限于此。安装在需求侧DC传输变电站中的从设备S还可将由需求侧DC传输变电站测量的数据发射到安装在发射侧DC传输变电站中的主设备M。
需求侧DC传输变电站可将765kV DC电压转换成765kV AC电压,并且然后将765kVAC电压变换成345kv AC电压或154kV AC电压。
设置有主设备M的AC系统变电站被连接到设置有从设备S的需求侧DC传输变电站,并且可将至少一个AC系统变电站连接到AC系统变电站。在这种情况下,可将从设备S安装在至少一个AC系统变电站中的每一个中,但是本实施例不限于此。
图5是图示出根据实施例的电力网监视系统中的监视方法的流程图。
图5图示出主设备中的操作方法。
参考图1至5,输入从多个从设备S发射的PMU数据(操作S111)。
在这里,PMU数据可意指由从设备S的PMU 10测量的数据。
PMU数据可包括电压和电流的无功/有功功率、量值和相角。
主设备M的控制单元23检查PMU数据是AC系统PMU数据还是HVDC系统PMU数据(操作S113)。
PMU数据可根据AC系统和HVDC系统而不同。例如,AC系统PMU数据可以是正弦波类型的无功/有功功率、电压以及电流。例如,HDVC系统PMU数据可以是处于恒定水平的无功/有功功率、电压以及电流。
当PMU数据是AC系统PMU数据时,控制单元23参考AC系统来分析PMU数据。
由于AC系统PMU数据不同于HVDC系统PMU数据,则必须分别地对其进行适当的参考来分析PMU数据。
针对AC系统PMU数据,正弦波的波形改变的速率可被用作为用于分析AC系统PMU数据的参考。因此,可基于正弦波的波形改变的速率来分析AC系统PMU数据。
例如,当AC系统PMU数据的正弦波的波形改变的速率超过被设定为参考值的第一速率时,可认为在其中安装有(发射AC系统PMU数据的)从设备S的变电站中发生故障。
例如,当AC系统PMU数据的正弦波的波形改变的速率超过大于第一速率的第二速率时,可认为在其中安装有(发射AC系统PMU数据的)从设备S的变电站中发生停电。
当PMU数据不是AC系统PMU数据时,PMU数据可以是HVDC系统PMU数据(操作S117)。
在这种情况下,控制单元23参考HVDC系统来分析PMU数据(操作S119)。
针对HVDC系统PMU数据,偏移值可以是用于分析HVDC系统PMU数据的参考。因此,可根据超过多个偏移值中的每一个的程度来分析HVDC系统PMU数据。
例如,当HVDC系统PMU数据的DC分量的某个水平超过被设定为参考值的第一偏移值时,可认为在其中安装有发射HVDC系统PMU数据的从设备S的DC传输变电站中发生故障。
例如,当HVDC系统PMU数据的DC分量的某个水平超过大于第一偏移值的第一偏移值时,可认为在其中安装有发射HVDC系统PMU数据的从设备S的DC传输变电站中发生停电。
控制单元23基于分析结果而生成命令或控制信号(操作S121),并且进行控制,使得生成的命令或控制信号被发射到其中通过通信单元24来安装相应从设备S的变电站(操作S123)。
然后,其中安装有相应从设备S的变电站可采取对应于从主设备M提供的命令或控制信号的动作。例如,此类动作可阻断连接到相应变电站的变电站或负载之中的其中发生停电的变电站与负载之间的线路,并通过监视器来将故障或停电告知用户。
根据至少一个实施例,可通过将电力网监视系统划分成从设备和主设备并将由从设备测量的数据发送到主设备、使得主设备基于由从设备测量的数据来控制将对其中安装有从设备的变电站采取的必要动作,来预先防止由于停电或故障事故而引起的级联现象。
另外,根据至少一个实施例,由于从设备可实时地测量相关数据,所以可实时地执行事故预防以使得能够高效地管理电力网。
根据实施例,将主设备和从设备安装在相应发电厂中,即使AC系统被链接到HVDC系统也是如此。因此,由主设备不仅针对AC系统而且针对HVDC系统使能电力网管理,并且使能用于电力网的综合管理。
根据下面的详细描述,本发明的附加适用范围应变得显而易见。然而,应理解的是本详细描述和特定示例虽然指示本公开的优选实施例,但仅仅是以举例说明的方式给出的,因为根据本详细描述,本公开的精神和范围内的各种改变和修改将变得对于本领域的技术人员而言显而易见。
虽然上文已参考其许多说明性实施例描述了实施例,但应理解的是可以由本领域的技术人员设计许多其它修改和实施例,其将落在本公开的原理的精神和范围内。更特别地,在本公开、附图以及所附权利要求的范围内,可以有主题组合布置的组成部分和/或布置方面的各种改变和修改。除组成部分和/或布置方面的改变和修改之外,替换使用对于本领域的技术人员而言也将是显而易见的。
Claims (6)
1.一种监视多个变电站的电力网监视系统,该电力网监视系统应用于AC系统与HVDC系统的链接网中,该电力网监视系统包括:
主设备,其被安装在多个所述变电站之中的至少一个变电站中;以及
多个从设备,其被安装在多个所述变电站中除安装有所述主设备的变电站之外的其余变电站中,并且被安装在所述AC系统的变电站和所述HVDC系统的变电站,
其中,所述从设备包括:
第一相量测量单元,其被配置成测量多个所述变电站中安装有从设备的变电站中的PMU数据,所述PMU数据包括安装有从设备的变电站的电压和电流的无功/有功功率、量值以及相角中的一个以上;以及
第一通信单元,其被配置成将由所述第一相量测量单元测量的PMU数据发射到所述主设备,
其中,所述主设备确认从所述从设备接收的所述PMU数据是所述AC系统的数据或者所述HVDC系统的数据,
如果从所述从设备接收的所述PMU数据是所述AC系统的数据,则利用所述PMU数据的正弦波的波形改变的速率来判断设置有该从设备的变电站中发生故障或者发生停电,
如果从所述从设备接收的所述PMU数据是所述HVDC系统的数据,则利用所述PMU数据的DC分量来判断设置有该从设备的变电站中发生故障或者发生停电,
将反映所述判断的结果的命令传送给相应从设备,控制该相应从设备采取对应于所述判断的结果的动作。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电力网监视系统,
其中,使用通信电缆和无线通信中的一个在所述主设备与所述相应从设备之间发射和/或接收所述PMU数据或所述命令。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电力网监视系统,
其中,所述变电站包括所述HVDC系统的能够进行DC转换和传输的DC传输变电站和被连接到所述DC传输变电站的多个AC系统变电站,并且
所述主设备被安装在所述DC传输变电站中。
4.根据权利要求1所述的电力网监视系统,
其中,所述主设备包括:
接收单元,其被配置成接收从所述从设备发射的数据;
控制单元,其被配置成分析从所述接收单元接收到的数据并生成用于相应从设备采取动作的命令;
第二通信单元,其被配置成将从控制单元生成的命令发射到相应从设备;
第二相量测量单元,其被配置成测量多个所述变电站中安装有主设备的变电站中的PMU数据,所述PMU数据包括安装有主设备的变电站中的电压和电流的无功/有功功率、量值以及相角中的一个以上;以及
存储器,其被配置成存储从所述控制单元分析的结果和在所述主设备中设定的设置数据。
5.根据权利要求4所述的电力网监视系统,
其中,所述设置数据包括能够接收数据的从设备的数目和能够接收数据的从设备的识别信息。
6.根据权利要求1所述的电力网监视系统,
其中,在所述主设备与所述从设备之间设定指示是否能够收发数据的激活功能或非激活功能。
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CN106340959A (zh) | 2017-01-18 |
JP6370339B2 (ja) | 2018-08-08 |
EP3116083B1 (en) | 2020-09-23 |
KR20170006183A (ko) | 2017-01-17 |
ES2833416T3 (es) | 2021-06-15 |
EP3116083A1 (en) | 2017-01-11 |
US20170012468A1 (en) | 2017-01-12 |
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