CN106304894A - Treating method of vegetable seeds - Google Patents

Treating method of vegetable seeds Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106304894A
CN106304894A CN201610719096.6A CN201610719096A CN106304894A CN 106304894 A CN106304894 A CN 106304894A CN 201610719096 A CN201610719096 A CN 201610719096A CN 106304894 A CN106304894 A CN 106304894A
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seed
seeds
vegetable seeds
processing method
soaking
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CN201610719096.6A
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徐金蝶
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/06Coating or dressing seed
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/08Immunising seed

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a treating method of vegetable seeds, comprising the steps of insolation and soaking of seeds, magnetization treatment, and seed dressing and sowing. Through insolation and soaking of seeds, the shell of seeds becomes soft, and the insecticide not only kill the germs on the surface, but also infiltrate into the seeds prevent it from being affected by germs or other pests in the soil; then, magnetization treatment is taken to greatly improve the germination potential and vital index of seeds. The invention is a treating method with good prospect of promotion and application.

Description

A kind of processing method of vegetable seeds
Technical field
The present invention relates to crop seeds processing technology field, particularly to the processing method of a kind of vegetable seeds.
Background technology
The application of China's vegetable seeds treatment technology has long history, because it can promote seed germination, promote seedling Fertility, sterilizing prevent disease and increasingly by country and the attention of peasant and application.In recent years, the research of vegetable seeds treatment technology Still enlivening with application, technical method is also the most perfect, and application is constantly expanded.
Prior art typically uses physical method, chemical method and biological method.Physical method is mainly with heat, electric current, electricity Fields etc. process seed, to kill seed bacterial parasite, but do not injure seed tissue and vigor.Common such as heat treating process: by dry vegetables Colza is directly placed in the hot water of 55~60 DEG C, is stirred continuously, and then drops to 30 DEG C, then stands seed soaking, reaches the stipulated time Afterwash, drain, accelerating germination or live;Intermittent warming method: the vegetable seeds that will germinate, puts continuously in a low temperature of 1~5 DEG C Put 12~18 hours, be then transferred at a temperature of 18~22 DEG C place 12~16 hours, a few days the most repeatedly.Though physical method Can to a certain degree improve the cold hardiness of vegetable seedling, accelerate its growth rate, but waste time and energy, and to percentage of seedgermination There is certain negative effect, particularly more should be prudent to more valuable cenospecies.
Chemical method processes and includes that inorganic chemistry thing is (such as CaCl2、KH2PO4、KCl、H2O2、CuSO4、KMnO4Deng inorganic salt Class) and chemical pesticide process seed, the harmful organisms such as drug effect is single, the pathogenic bacteria typically can only carried the surface of the seed are gone out Kill, and limited to the pathogenic bacteria killing power in planting environment, and protection domain is the least, still has and suffer other harmful raw after planting seed The possibility of thing infringement;And deal with improperly and seed vitality can be impacted, even poison seed.It addition, chemical agent not only draws Play environmental pollution, also non-target organism, some beneficial organisms are had a negative impact, and it is anti-to make harmful organism produce chemical agent Property, thus affect ecological balance.
Biological method, treatment effect does not has highly effective pesticide obvious, and acts on single, is restricted in application.The highest Effect reasonably processes vegetable seeds, preferably solves germination percentage low, and chemical medicine poisons residual, the problem that growing way is bad, thus improves Yield is work the most urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
The main object of the present invention is in order to make up the problems referred to above, it is provided that the processing method of a kind of vegetable seeds.
The present invention proposes the processing method of a kind of vegetable seeds, and it comprises the steps:
S10, basks seeds: is spread out in by the seed chosen and is dried on ground on the sunny side or seat, continuous dry in the sun 23 days;
S30, seed soaking and magnetization treatment: vegetable seeds is placed in 50 DEG C of magnetic water soak 6 8h place into medicament mixing Pulling out after soaking 8 12h in liquid and be placed in magnetic field generator, controlling magnetic field intensity is 100 200mT, processes the time 2 5min;Wherein, calculate by mass percentage, described medicament mixed liquor include 0.5% 2% rice vinegar, 0.03 0.05% Brassin lactones, the gibberellins of 2% 4%, the activated water of 85% 96%;
S50, dresses seed, sows: take bacterium number 30 40 hundred million/mL, and concentration is the rhizosphere bacteria bacterium solution of 5%, uniform with aerosol apparatus It is sprayed onto on the vegetable seeds after step S30 processes, sows after vexed 68 hours with mixing also heap with spray.
Preferably, step S40 is also included between step S30 and S50, seed pelleting: be prepared with the carboy of lid or little Metal bucket, 5:1 in mass ratio loads the seed after step S30 processes and seed coat agent, the most quickly shakes, till mixing thoroughly.
Preferably, described seed coat agent is calculated by mass percentage, including the chitosan of 30%-60%, the planting of 28%-35% Thing extracting solution, the plant growth regulator of 1%-3%, the microelement substance of 1%-1.5% and the binding agent of 4%-10%.
Preferably, described plant extraction liquid is prepared by following method: by Herba Rosmarini Officinalis, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis, Herba Sophorae alopecuroidis, ultra-pure water by weight Amount mixes than for 1:1:1:50, then soaks 24 hours, then cohobation 2 hours under the conditions of 80 90 DEG C, is cooled to 40 DEG C After filtration, filtrate is as plant extraction liquid.
Preferably, described plant growth regulator be naphthalene acetic acid, heteroauxing one or both.
Preferably, one during described microelement substance is boric acid, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate or Several.
Preferably, described binding agent be concentration be the sodium alginate aqueous solution of 1% 1.5%.
Vegetable seeds is basked seeds by the inventive method, after medicament immersion treatment, its shell deliquescing, seed can not only be killed The pathogenic bacteria that surface is carried may penetrate into again Interior Seed, and protection effect is good;Process seed after planting can around seed shape Become a medicament diffusion circle, seed played a protective role, make seed to a certain extent from pathogenic bacteria in soil or other have The harm that evil is biological;Meanwhile, the mode using magnetic field to process, substantially increase germinating energy and the vitality index of seed.Finally, originally Seed disease pest rate after method processes is low, and germination percentage improves 20% 35% than traditional method, and seedling-growing time shortens 7 10 days, And seedling growth is vigorous, thus it it is a kind of processing method with good popularizing application prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention Scope.
The present invention proposes the processing method of a kind of vegetable seeds, and it comprises the steps:
S10, basks seeds: at fine day, is spread out in by the seed chosen and is dried on ground on the sunny side or seat, bask seeds continuously 23 days.
The quality of seed quality directly influences the height of yield, therefore first has to carry out the preferred, selected of seed.Specifically Ground, in practical operation, selection full seed, the seed that color and luster is consistent, regularity good, integrity degree is high, its main purpose is to improve Emergence rate, increase field and keep a full stand of seedings strain number.Seed and the impurity of breakage should be weeded out, because damaged seed not only may before sowing Have influence on and emerge, and mouth bacteria infection reduces yield due to wound.Additionally, due to the inserted part that seed is on plant is different, germinate Gesture is the most close.When the factor such as temperature, soil moisture content has influence on seed germination speed, due to the difference of germinating energy, germinate What gesture was good emerges early, and emerging of germination potential difference is late, and not of uniform size, the regularity of seedling decline, and easily occur that seedlings take advantage of showing of seedling As.Seed is carried out selected, it is ensured that the health of seed, complete, lay the foundation for vegetable seedling neat and consistent.
Bask seeds and can strengthen the germinating energy of vegetable seeds, reduce water content, improve germination percentage, emerge ahead of time 12 days, and Vegetable seeds disease can be alleviated.But can not carry out on concrete floor or on iron plate, in order to avoid scald seed.
S30, seed soaking and magnetization treatment: the vegetable seeds after dry in the sun is placed in 50 DEG C of magnetic water immersion and within 68 hours, puts again Entering to pull out after soaking 8 12 hours in medicament mixed liquor and be placed in magnetic field generator, controlling magnetic field intensity is 100~200mT, place 25 minutes reason time;Wherein, calculate by mass percentage, described medicament mixed liquor include 0.5% 2% rice vinegar, The brassin lactones of 0.03 0.05%, 2% 4% gibberellins, the activated water of 85% 96%.
In this step, magnetic water is light water through the magneticaction of water mangetizer changes the water of configuration state.Soak seed with it After, Interior Seed enzymatic activity increases, and Repiration strengthens, and can promote cell water absorbing capacity, strengthens drought resistance and yielding ability.50℃ Water temperature can kill the surface of the seed major part antibacterial and virus.
Rice vinegar contains several amino acids, can enhance metabolism and seed germination, strengthens the photosynthesis of vegetable plant strain, also There is certain bactericidal action, so the effect of volume increase can be reached.
Brassin lactones, also known as brassinosteroid, is called for short BR, is a kind of new plant growth regulator, can improve germination Rate, accelerates growth of seedling, strengthens anti-adversity ability, can increase production 0.5% 14.1%.
Gibberellins is a class phytohormone, contributes to the seed initial period by sprouting, and this stage is can not Reverse, so the seed after Chu Liing can keep the vigor after inducing in a dry environment.
Activated water is the water eliminating gas.Preparation method is: common well water, river or tap water is boiled, opens lid, allows Its about 5min that seethes with excitement, then add a cover and be quickly cooled to room temperature.
S50, dresses seed, sows: take bacterium number 30 40 hundred million/mL, and concentration is the rhizosphere bacteria bacterium solution of 5%, uniform with aerosol apparatus It is sprayed onto on the vegetable seeds after step S30 processes, sows after vexed 68 hours with mixing also heap with spray.
Rhizosphere bacteria promotes plant growing, and the Biological control of plant disease particularly droop can be played positive effect, Significantly improve the resistance of vegetable seeds;The drug effect phase is up to 40 50 days.It is after planting preventing and treating surrounding and the having of subterranean pest-insect Effect means, are to ensure that the requisite measure of full stand.
Preferably, step S40 is also included between step S30 and S50, seed pelleting: be prepared with the carboy of lid or little Metal bucket, is 5:1 seed after step S30 processes and seed coat agent in mass ratio, the most quickly shakes, till mixing thoroughly.
Preferably, described seed coat agent is calculated by mass percentage, including the chitosan of 30%-60%, the planting of 28%-35% Thing extracting solution, the plant growth regulator of 1%-3%, the microelement substance of 1%-1.5% and the binding agent of 4%-10%.
Further, described plant growth regulator be naphthalene acetic acid, heteroauxing one or both;Described trace element Material is one or more in boric acid, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate;Described binding agent is that concentration is The sodium alginate aqueous solution of 1% 1.5%.
Further, described plant extraction liquid is prepared by following method: by Herba Rosmarini Officinalis, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis, Herba Sophorae alopecuroidis, ultra-pure water press Weight ratio is 1:1:1:50 mixing, then soaks 24 hours, then distills 2 hours 80 90 DEG C of infinite refluxs, is cooled to 40 DEG C of mistakes After filter, filtrate is as plant extraction liquid.
Coating materials is directly wrapped in the surface of the seed, blocks the antibacterial in soil and the virus infringement to seed, improves seed Resistance against diseases.After under kind, meet water imbibition but dissolve hardly, and around seed, form a barrier, along with sprouting of seed Dynamic, germinate, seedling, effective ingredient discharges the most in order, and is transmitted to seedling each several part by Root Absorption, makes effective ingredient obtain Making full use of, enhancing seed and seedling, to pathogenic bacteria and the resistance of pest and disease damage, reach the purpose of cost-saving synergistic.
Vegetable seeds is basked seeds by the inventive method, after medicament immersion treatment, its shell deliquescing, seed can not only be killed The pathogenic bacteria that surface is carried may penetrate into again Interior Seed, and protection effect is good;Process seed after planting can around seed shape Become a medicament diffusion circle, seed played a protective role, make seed to a certain extent from pathogenic bacteria in soil or other have The harm that evil is biological;The mode simultaneously using magnetic field to process, substantially increases germinating energy and the vitality index of seed.Finally, originally Seed disease pest rate after method processes is low, and germination percentage improves 20~35% than traditional method, and seedling-growing time shortens 7~10 days, And seedling growth is vigorous, thus be that a kind of medication is few, the time is short, instant effect and simple and easy to do processing method.
Embodiment 1:
S10, basks seeds: at fine day, is spread out in by the cucumber seeds chosen and is dried ground on the sunny side, bask seeds continuously 2 days.
S30, seed soaking and magnetization treatment: cucumber seeds is placed in 50 DEG C of magnetic water immersion and within 8 hours, places into medicament mixing Pulling out after soaking 8 hours in liquid and be placed in magnetic field generator, control magnetic field intensity is 100mT, processes 4 minutes time;Wherein, press Mass percent calculate, medicament mixed liquor include 2% rice vinegar, the brassin lactones solution of 0.03%, 3.5% gibberellins, The activated water of 90%.
S50, dresses seed, sows: take bacterium number 4,000,000,000/mL, and concentration is the rhizosphere bacteria bacterium solution of 5%, is uniformly sprayed onto with aerosol apparatus On cucumber seeds after step S30 processes, sow after vexed 6 hours with mixing also heap with spray.
Embodiment 2:
S10, basks seeds: at fine day, is spread out in by the tomato seeds chosen and is dried on seat on the sunny side, bask seeds continuously 1.5 days.
S30, seed soaking and magnetization treatment: tomato seeds is placed in 50 DEG C of magnetic water immersion and within 7 hours, places into medicament mixing Pulling out after soaking 12 hours in liquid and be placed in magnetic field generator, control magnetic field intensity is 200mT, processes 5 minutes time;Wherein, Calculate by mass percentage, medicament mixed liquor include 0.5% rice vinegar, the brassin lactones of 0.05%, 2% gibberellins, 85% Activated water.
S50, dresses seed, sows: takes the rhizosphere bacteria bacterium solution of bacterium number 3,000,000,000/mL 5%, is uniformly sprayed onto through step with aerosol apparatus On tomato seeds after S30 process, sow after vexed 6 hours with mixing also heap with spray.
Embodiment 3:
S10, basks seeds: at fine day, is spread out in by the Chinese cabbage seed chosen and is dried ground on the sunny side, bask seeds continuously 3 days.
S30, seed soaking and magnetization treatment: Chinese cabbage seed is placed in 50 DEG C of magnetic water immersion and within 6 hours, places into medicament mixing Pulling out after soaking 10 hours in liquid and be placed in magnetic field generator, control magnetic field intensity is 120mT, processes 4 minutes time;Wherein, Calculate by mass percentage, medicament mixed liquor include 1.5% rice vinegar, the brassin lactones of 0.04%, 4% gibberellins, 96% Activated water.
S40, seed pelleting: be prepared with the little metal bucket of lid, load seed and seed coat agent for 5:1 in mass ratio, the most quickly Shake, till mixing thoroughly.Wherein, seed coat agent is mixed by 600g chitosan, 280g plant extraction liquid, 15g naphthalene acetic acid and heteroauxing Thing, 12g ammonium molybdate, boric acid and the mixture of manganese sulfate, 80g concentration be 1.5% sodium alginate aqueous solution mixing after prepare.Plant Thing extracting solution be Herba Rosmarini Officinalis, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis, Herba Sophorae alopecuroidis, ultra-pure water by weight for 1:1:1:50 mix, then soak 24 hours, then 80 90 DEG C of infinite refluxs are distilled 2 hours, are cooled to the filtrate after 40 DEG C of filtrations.
S50, dresses seed, sows: take bacterium number 3,800,000,000/mL, and concentration is the rhizosphere bacteria bacterium solution of 5%, is uniformly sprayed onto with aerosol apparatus On Chinese cabbage seed after step S30 processes, sow after vexed 8 hours with mixing also heap with spray.
Compliance test result:
1, plate culture surveys protection effect.Seed pendulum after the embodiment of the present invention 13 being processed in aseptic operation box Enter in ware, the process of one, every ware, put 10 seeds, repeat for three times, be put in l DEG C of incubator of 27 scholar cultivation, within the 5th day, check seed Whether mycelia is grown, with the whether disease carrying germ of the seed after this determination processing in culture medium around.The results are shown in Table 1.
2, moisture absorption culture method surveys potentiality of seed and germination percentage.Every ware, as a process, puts 100 seeds, three times Repeat, cultivation temperature 27 scholar l DEG C, within the 6th day, survey germinating energy, within the 12nd day, survey germination percentage.The results are shown in Table 2.
3, the upright sproutung method of glass plate surveys seed vigor.Every glass plate as a process, 50 seeds of every board placing, three Secondary repetition, cultivation temperature 27 scholar 1 DEG C, survey seed Seedling length, root length after 6 days, calculate field run plant rate (strong sprout rate+weak Seedling rate) with not Field run plant rate etc..The results are shown in Table 3.
Carrying out it should be understood that test June 2016 January in 2016, all survey datas are all three weights Multiple meansigma methods.
Result of the test:
Table 1: seed protection effect
Every ware clump count Preventive effect (%)
Blank 36 0
Embodiment 1 3 88.9
Embodiment 2 1 97.2
Embodiment 3 Nothing 100%
Table 2: germination situation
Germinating energy (%) Germination percentage (%)
Blank 38.5 53.7
Embodiment 1 45.2 68.5
Embodiment 2 47.3 70.2
Embodiment 3 62 86
Table 3: seed vigor situation
Blank Embodiment 1 Embodiment 2 Embodiment 3
Seedling length (cm) 2.23 2.67 3.28 3.42
Root length (cm) 3.17 4.32 4.29 4.17
Whole strain length (cm) 6.54 6.73 8.13 8.26
Rate in strong sprout (%) 11.38 28.63 36.25 42.15
Weak Seedling rate (%) 35.69 21.86 18.33 12.03
Field run plant rate (%) 68 79 86 95
Abnormal Seedling rate (%) 32 21 14 5
Data explanation in table, uses the vegetable seeds that the inventive method processes, and preventive effect is good, and disease pest rate is low, with blank Group is compared, and diseases prevention rate, germination percentage, seed vitality all have a more substantial increase.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all spirit in the present invention and Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made, should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. the processing method of a vegetable seeds, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
S10, basks seeds: is spread out in by the vegetable seeds chosen and is dried on ground on the sunny side or seat, continuous dry in the sun 23 days;
S30, seed soaking and magnetization treatment: the seed after dry in the sun is placed in 50 DEG C of magnetic water soak 6 8h place into medicament mixing Pulling out after soaking 8 12h in liquid and be placed in magnetic field generator, controlling magnetic field intensity is 100 200mT, processes time 2 5mi n;Wherein, calculating by mass percentage, described medicament mixed liquor includes the rice vinegar of 0.5% 2%, the rue of 0.03% 0.05% Tongue element lactone, the gibberellins of 2% 4%, the activated water of 85% 96%;
S50, dresses seed, sows: take bacterium number 30 40 hundred million/mL, and concentration is the rhizosphere bacteria bacterium solution of 5%, is uniformly sprayed onto with aerosol apparatus On vegetable seeds after step S30 processes, with spray with mixing and sowing after vexed 6 8h of heap.
2. the processing method of vegetable seeds as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also include step between step S30 and S50 Rapid S40, seed pelleting: be prepared with the carboy of lid or little metal bucket, 5:1 in mass ratio loads the kind after step S30 processes Son and seed coat agent, quickly shake and mix thoroughly.
3. the processing method of vegetable seeds as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described seed coat agent is by mass percentage Calculate, including the chitosan of 30%-60%, the plant extraction liquid of 28%-35%, the plant growth regulator of 1%-3%, 1%- The microelement substance of 1.5% and the binding agent of 4%-10%.
4. the processing method of vegetable seeds as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described plant extraction liquid passes through following side Prepared by method: by Herba Rosmarini Officinalis, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis, Herba Sophorae alopecuroidis, ultra-pure water by weight for 1:1:1:50 mix, then soak 24 hours, then Cohobation 2 hours under the conditions of 80 90 DEG C, after being cooled to 40 DEG C of filtrations, filtrate is as plant extraction liquid.
5. the processing method of vegetable seeds as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described plant growth regulator is naphthalene second Acid, one or both in heteroauxing.
6. the processing method of vegetable seeds as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described microelement substance be boric acid, One or more in zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate.
7. the processing method of vegetable seeds as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described binding agent be concentration be 1% The sodium alginate aqueous solution of 1.5%.
CN201610719096.6A 2016-08-24 2016-08-24 Treating method of vegetable seeds Pending CN106304894A (en)

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Cited By (4)

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CN107593325A (en) * 2017-10-13 2018-01-19 赵华勤 A kind of implantation methods of high yield high nutrition green vegetables
CN107873431A (en) * 2017-12-06 2018-04-06 泰顺县农晅农业有限公司 A kind of good quality and high output implantation methods of Chinese cabbage
CN108323509A (en) * 2018-01-22 2018-07-27 马鞍山市全润农业科技有限公司 A kind of seed soaking agent and preparation method thereof for vegetable seeds
CN109104932A (en) * 2018-08-11 2019-01-01 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 A kind of pre-sowing treatment method improving asparagus Aged Seeds vigor

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107593325A (en) * 2017-10-13 2018-01-19 赵华勤 A kind of implantation methods of high yield high nutrition green vegetables
CN107873431A (en) * 2017-12-06 2018-04-06 泰顺县农晅农业有限公司 A kind of good quality and high output implantation methods of Chinese cabbage
CN108323509A (en) * 2018-01-22 2018-07-27 马鞍山市全润农业科技有限公司 A kind of seed soaking agent and preparation method thereof for vegetable seeds
CN109104932A (en) * 2018-08-11 2019-01-01 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 A kind of pre-sowing treatment method improving asparagus Aged Seeds vigor
CN109104932B (en) * 2018-08-11 2020-12-18 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 Pretreatment-before-sowing method for improving activity of aged asparagus seeds

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Application publication date: 20170111

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