CN106282952A - 镍铜合金薄板材料的制备方法 - Google Patents

镍铜合金薄板材料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106282952A
CN106282952A CN201610773730.4A CN201610773730A CN106282952A CN 106282952 A CN106282952 A CN 106282952A CN 201610773730 A CN201610773730 A CN 201610773730A CN 106282952 A CN106282952 A CN 106282952A
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李铮
李鲁
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JIANGSU HUALI METAL MATERIAL Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种镍铜合金薄板材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:(1)基板的清洗:为了去除油渍,去除氧化皮,以提高基板表面活性,吹干待用;(2)选取靶材:(3)制备覆层薄板;(4)扩散固溶;该制备方法采用多靶材磁控溅射法,可以多个靶材连续溅射,同时不易使沉积薄膜受到污染,且沉积的功率大,沉积的薄膜质量高;在制备过程中可以对基板进行清洗,为了提高基板的附著力,通过后处理扩散,使合金均匀固;该方法沉积速率快、质量可控、工作效率高,制备过程在全真空条件下,无镍元素氧化及污染环境、危害人体安全等问题,适合工业推广。

Description

镍铜合金薄板材料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种合金材料的制备,特别涉及一种镍铜合金薄板材料的制备方法。
背景技术
镍铜合金是一种典型的沉淀强化型合金,具有高弹性、高强度、高导电性、耐蚀性、耐疲劳、弹性滞后小、无磁性、冲击时不产生火花等一系列优点,被广泛应用于航天、航空、电子、通讯、机械、石油、化工、汽车及家电工业中,具有广阔的应用前景。
目前,镍铜合金板材料基本上都是采用轧制法制备,主要包括半连续浇铸锭 +铣削表皮+加热+粗轧+淬火+二次轧制+淬火+酸洗+刷洗+精轧等工序。由于镍铜合金铸锭在结晶时趋向于二次偏析,即镍元素向铸锭表层富集,造成铸锭不同层面塑性存在很大差异,热轧时易于形成裂纹。所以一般铸锭尺寸及重量都较小,铸锭轧制前必须铣削去其表面至少2.5mm 深表层。由此可见轧制镍铜合金技术难度大、成材率、生产效率低。而且在大气环境中熔炼镍铜合金,存在镍金属污染环境等弊端。物理气相沉积技术具有镀膜成分纯度高、工艺可控性强、清洁无污染以及易于实现工业化连续生产等优点,特别是在环境保护方面,真空物理气相沉积技术具有其他一般技术无可比拟的优越性。
因此,现在需要研发出一种稳定的镍铜合金薄板材料的制备方法。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是,针对现有的不足,提供一种沉积速率快、质量可控、工作效率高的镍铜合金薄板材料的制备方法。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案是,该镍铜合金薄板材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)基板的清洗:选取厚度为 0.15~0.2mm的纯铜带作基板,为了去除油渍,先用浓度为3.5~4.5 %碳酸钠碱液清洗10~15min,清洗时温度为65~75℃;然后为了去除氧化皮在浓度为3.5~4.5%稀硫酸中清洗10~15min;再将基板先后放入丙酮溶液、乙醇溶液和去离子水中超声25~35min,以提高基板表面活性,吹干待用;
(2)选取靶材:选取纯 Ni 靶材或高镍含量镍铜60~70wt.%Ni合金靶材,待用;
(3)制备覆层薄板:将步骤(1)中清洗后的铜带基板置于磁控溅射设备的基片台上作为阳极,将步骤(2)中的Ni 靶材或高镍含量镍铜60~70wt.%Ni合金靶材放入磁控溅射设备的靶材座上作为阴极,且调节靶材座与基片座的距离,使两者之间的距离保持在20mm;启动机械泵,打开旁抽阀Ⅱ,对真空腔室抽真空;当真空度达到1~8Pa时,关闭旁抽阀Ⅱ,打开旁抽阀Ⅰ,并启动分子泵,打开闸板阀,采用分子泵对真空腔室进一步抽真空;当分子泵加速后稳定运行直至真空度达到1~5×10-3Pa;打开氩气阀,通入氩气,对基板进行离子束清洗,清洗时间为3~5 min;待磁控溅射设备的真空度达到4~8Pa时,调节磁控溅射沉积条件:预热铜带基板至300~500℃;放电电压300V~400V、电流10~20A、沉积速率为0.5~1.5μm/min;沉积时间20~60min,在铜带基板上制得一层薄膜层;依次关闭电流、放电电压和氩气阀,解除真空,关闭分子泵,开启进气阀,通入空气,并待铜带基板冷却至室温后,取出铜带基板;
(4)扩散固溶:将步骤(3)所制得的镀膜铜带基板在温度为700~800℃时扩散处理,扩散时间 15~40min,即得到断面成分分布均匀的覆层镍铜合金薄板材料。
进一步改进在于,在步骤(3)中,通过将多个相同组份的纯Ni或高镍含量镍铜合金靶材分别放在磁控溅射镀膜机中对立安装的多个靶位上,纯铜带从中间穿过,实现宽幅基板双面同步快速连续镀膜处理。
进一步改进在于,在所述步骤(3)中,纯铜带基板表面沉积的含 Ni 薄膜的厚度为10~80μm。
采用多靶材磁控溅射法,可以多个靶材连续溅射,同时不易使沉积薄膜受到污染,且沉积的功率大,沉积的薄膜质量高;在制备过程中可以对基板进行清洗,为了提高基板的附著力,通过后处理扩散,使合金均匀固溶。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:提供镍铜合金薄板材料的制备方法,该方法沉积速率快、质量可控、工作效率高,制备过程在全真空条件下,无镍元素氧化及污染环境、危害人体安全等问题,因此极其适合工业化应用;制备工艺也能适合工业化连续生产,产品成品率高,质量稳定,而且制造成本低廉。
具体实施方式
实施例1: 镍铜合金薄板材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)基板的清洗:选取厚度为 0.15mm的纯铜带作基板,为了去除油渍,先用浓度为3.5%碳酸钠碱液清洗15min,清洗时温度为65℃;然后为了去除氧化皮在浓度为3.5%稀硫酸中清洗15min;再将基板先后放入丙酮溶液、乙醇溶液和去离子水中超声25min,以提高基板表面活性,吹干待用;
(2)选取靶材:选取纯 Ni 靶材或高镍含量镍铜60wt.%Ni合金靶材,待用;
(3)制备覆层薄板:将步骤(1)中清洗后的铜带基板置于磁控溅射设备的基片台上作为阳极,将步骤(2)中的Ni 靶材和高镍含量镍铜60~70wt.%Ni合金靶材分别放入磁控溅射设备的两个对立的靶材座上作为阴极,且调节靶材座与基片座的距离,使两者之间的距离保持在20mm;启动机械泵,打开旁抽阀Ⅱ,对真空腔室抽真空;当真空度达到6Pa时,关闭旁抽阀Ⅱ,打开旁抽阀Ⅰ,并启动分子泵,打开闸板阀,采用分子泵对真空腔室进一步抽真空;当分子泵加速后稳定运行直至真空度达到5×10-3Pa;打开氩气阀,通入氩气,对基板进行离子束清洗,清洗时间为5 min;待磁控溅射设备的真空度达到6Pa时,调节磁控溅射沉积条件:预热铜带基板至500℃;放电电压400V、电流20A、沉积速率为1.5μm/min;沉积时间20min,在铜带基板上制得一层薄膜层;依次关闭电流、放电电压和氩气阀,解除真空,关闭分子泵,开启进气阀,通入空气,并待铜带基板冷却至室温后,取出铜带基板;通过将多个相同组份的纯Ni和高镍含量镍铜合金靶材分别放在磁控溅射镀膜机中对立安装的多个靶位上,纯铜带从中间穿过,实现宽幅基板双面同步快速连续镀膜处理;最后纯铜带基板表面沉积的含 Ni薄膜的厚度为30μm;(4)扩散固溶:将步骤(3)所制得的镀膜铜带基板在温度为700℃时扩散处理,扩散时间 40min,即得到断面成分分布均匀的覆层镍铜合金薄板材料。
实施例2:镍铜合金薄板材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)基板的清洗:选取厚度为 0.2mm的纯铜带作基板,为了去除油渍,先用浓度为4.5 %碳酸钠碱液清洗10min,清洗时温度为75℃;然后为了去除氧化皮在浓度为4.5%稀硫酸中清洗10min;再将基板先后放入丙酮溶液、乙醇溶液和去离子水中超声35min,以提高基板表面活性,吹干待用;
(2)选取靶材:选取纯 Ni 靶材或高镍含量镍铜70wt.%Ni合金靶材,待用;
(3)制备覆层薄板:将步骤(1)中清洗后的铜带基板置于磁控溅射设备的基片台上作为阳极,将步骤(2)中的Ni 靶材和高镍含量镍铜60~70wt.%Ni合金靶材分别放入磁控溅射设备的两个对立的靶材座上作为阴极,且调节靶材座与基片座的距离,使两者之间的距离保持在20mm;启动机械泵,打开旁抽阀Ⅱ,对真空腔室抽真空;当真空度达到6Pa时,关闭旁抽阀Ⅱ,打开旁抽阀Ⅰ,并启动分子泵,打开闸板阀,采用分子泵对真空腔室进一步抽真空;当分子泵加速后稳定运行直至真空度达到5×10-3Pa;打开氩气阀,通入氩气,对基板进行离子束清洗,清洗时间为5 min;待磁控溅射设备的真空度达到6Pa时,调节磁控溅射沉积条件:预热铜带基板至400℃;放电电压300VV、电流15A、沉积速率为1.0μm/min;沉积时间60min,在铜带基板上制得一层薄膜层;依次关闭电流、放电电压和氩气阀,解除真空,关闭分子泵,开启进气阀,通入空气,并待铜带基板冷却至室温后,取出铜带基板;通过将多个相同组份的纯Ni和高镍含量镍铜合金靶材分别放在磁控溅射镀膜机中对立安装的多个靶位上,纯铜带从中间穿过,实现宽幅基板双面同步快速连续镀膜处理;最后纯铜带基板表面沉积的含Ni 薄膜的厚度为60μm;
(4)扩散固溶:将步骤(3)所制得的镀膜铜带基板在温度为800℃时扩散处理,扩散时间20min,即得到断面成分分布均匀的覆层镍铜合金薄板材料。
镍铜合金是一种典型的沉淀强化型合金,上述方法制备的Cu-2~4wt.%Ni薄板在经过进一步的固溶时效处理之后,具有极佳的使用性能。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征及优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。

Claims (3)

1.一种镍铜合金薄板材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)基板的清洗:选取厚度为 0.15~0.2mm的纯铜带作基板,为了去除油渍,先用浓度为3.5~4.5 %碳酸钠碱液清洗10~15min,清洗时温度为65~75℃;然后为了去除氧化皮在浓度为3.5~4.5%稀硫酸中清洗10~15min;再将基板先后放入丙酮溶液、乙醇溶液和去离子水中超声25~35min,以提高基板表面活性,吹干待用;
(2)选取靶材:选取纯 Ni 靶材或高镍含量镍铜60~70wt.%Ni合金靶材,待用;
(3)制备覆层薄板:将步骤(1)中清洗后的铜带基板置于磁控溅射设备的基片台上作为阳极,将步骤(2)中的Ni 靶材或高镍含量镍铜60~70wt.%Ni合金靶材放入磁控溅射设备的靶材座上作为阴极,且调节靶材座与基片座的距离,使两者之间的距离保持在20mm;启动机械泵,打开旁抽阀Ⅱ,对真空腔室抽真空;当真空度达到1~8Pa时,关闭旁抽阀Ⅱ,打开旁抽阀Ⅰ,并启动分子泵,打开闸板阀,采用分子泵对真空腔室进一步抽真空;当分子泵加速后稳定运行直至真空度达到1~5×10-3Pa;打开氩气阀,通入氩气,对基板进行离子束清洗,清洗时间为3~5 min;待磁控溅射设备的真空度达到4~8Pa时,调节磁控溅射沉积条件:预热铜带基板至300~500℃;放电电压300V~400V、电流10~20A、沉积速率为0.5~1.5μm/min;沉积时间20~60min,在铜带基板上制得一层薄膜层;依次关闭电流、放电电压和氩气阀,解除真空,关闭分子泵,开启进气阀,通入空气,并待铜带基板冷却至室温后,取出铜带基板;
(4)扩散固溶:将步骤(3)所制得的镀膜的铜带基板在温度为700~800℃时扩散处理,扩散时间 15~40min,即得到断面成分分布均匀的覆层镍铜合金薄板材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的镍铜合金薄板材料的制备方法,其特征在于,在步骤(3)中,通过将多个相同组份的纯Ni或高镍含量镍铜合金靶材分别放在磁控溅射镀膜机中对立安装的多个靶位上,纯铜带从中间穿过,实现宽幅基板双面同步快速连续镀膜处理。
3.根据权利要求2所述的镍铜合金薄板材料的制备方法,其特征在于,在所述步骤(3)中,纯铜带基板表面沉积的含 Ni 薄膜的厚度为10~80μm。
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