CN106242576A - 一种陶瓷基Mo(Si，Al)2‑CBN超硬材料的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种陶瓷基Mo(Si，Al)2‑CBN超硬材料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106242576A
CN106242576A CN201610646151.3A CN201610646151A CN106242576A CN 106242576 A CN106242576 A CN 106242576A CN 201610646151 A CN201610646151 A CN 201610646151A CN 106242576 A CN106242576 A CN 106242576A
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张小立
樊平
周义森
吴贻军
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Zhongyuan University of Technology
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Abstract

本发明的技术方案是公开了一种陶瓷基Mo(Si，Al)2‑CBN超硬材料的制备方法，其步骤如下：（1）将Al、SiO2、C、CBN、MoSi2混合均匀后加入酚醛树脂并混合均匀，然后模压成型，烘干，得到坯料；（2）将烘干后的坯料移入铺有铝粉的真空烧结炉中，然后在真空下进行烧结，并通入氮气或氩气，最后升温至650‑1800℃，再抽真空，后随炉冷却，得到陶瓷基Mo(Si，Al)2‑CBN超硬材料。该方法可获得断裂韧性大于3.0 MPam1/2的超硬材料或复合材料。

Description

一种陶瓷基Mo(Si，Al)2-CBN超硬材料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及新型陶瓷基超硬材料及其复合材料的制备方法，属于低成本新型超硬材料及其复合材料制备技术领域。
背景技术
目前研磨或切削材料的基体材料是陶瓷或者金属，然而陶瓷韧性低，而众多的金属材料密度大，且不耐高温。复合的切削材料是将硬质颗粒嵌入较软的载体材料中，但该应用因载体材料的性能有限而受阻。载体材料如果性质偏软，将损失切削效率，比如研磨颗粒剥落或穿透载体；如果载体材料偏硬，研磨过程中会断裂而失效。金属载体材料通常和工件为高摩擦；载体材料和磨料间的结合不够，导致切削性能下降。
Mo(Si，Al)2 属于置换金属陶瓷，由于Al的元素含量可以任意变化，该金属陶瓷的强度和韧性也是可以连续调整的。该陶瓷在高于1450℃开始发生分解。但是这个分解温度比MAX 陶瓷的850℃的起始温度已经高了很多了。这满足超硬陶瓷的基体材料的基本条件。该陶瓷的强度性能很高，为737MPa。而该金属陶瓷具有足够的塑性特征。
因而以上各力学性能方面可以看出，Mo(Si，Al)2 陶瓷具有与MAX 陶瓷等同、甚至更优越的强结合基体材料特征。
现有 MAX相陶瓷同时拥有金属和陶瓷的特性：拥有较好的塑性和可加工性，耐热、强度高、质量轻。因而拥有作为像c-BN的载体材料的独特潜能。而MAX和c-BN的复合材料将在模具行业具有出色的优势。然而，MAX陶瓷基超硬材料具有MAX相不稳定，制备产品具有不可靠性，分解温度相对比较低的缺点。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提出一种陶瓷基Mo(Si，Al)2-CBN超硬材料的制备方法。
本发明的技术方案是：一种陶瓷基Mo(Si，Al)2-CBN超硬材料的制备方法，其步骤如下：
（1）按以下质量分数配制陶瓷基Mo(Si，Al)2-CBN超硬材料的原料：Al 0.1-0.5%、SiO2 0.1-0.5%、C 0.1-0.5%、CBN 5-15%，余量为MoSi2，将Al、SiO2、C、CBN、MoSi2混合均匀后加入酚醛树脂，所述酚醛树脂的质量为Al、SiO2、C、CBN、MoSi2总质量的3-18%，并混合均匀，然后模压成型，烘干，得到坯料；
（2）将烘干后的坯料移入铺有铝粉的真空烧结炉中，然后在真空下进行烧结，烧结温度为500-1450℃，保温5-40min，再继续升温至600-1680℃，保温10-50min，并通入氮气或氩气，最后升温至650-1800℃，再抽真空，后随炉冷却，得到陶瓷基Mo(Si，Al)2-CBN超硬材料。
所述铝粉的质量为Al、SiO2、C、CBN、MoSi2总质量的10-30%。
本发明的有益效果是：通过反应熔渗烧结的方法制备Mo(Si，Al)2-CBN超硬材料及其复合材料，由于Mo(Si，Al)2基体具有高强高韧性能，能稳定到1350℃以上，结合强度高，所得材料的抗弯强度可靠。使用Al、SiO2、MoSi2、C、CBN混合粉末，经过模压成型后，在真空烧结炉中进行熔渗反应，从而获得Mo(Si，Al)2- CBN超硬材料及其复合材料。该方法工艺简单，成本低，反应烧结效率高，可制备复杂零件。该方法可获得断裂韧性大于3.0 MPam1/2的超硬材料或复合材料。
具体实施方式
实施例1
称取Al、SiO2、MoSi2、C、CBN粉末20g，其质量分数配比分别为：0.1%，0.1%，90%，0.1%，9.7%，质量分别为0.02g，0.02g，18g，0.02g，1.94g，混合均匀后，加入2.2g的酚醛树脂，并混合均匀。然后在液压机上压制成型为5×5×40mm的条，烘干后，移入真空烧结炉中，撒上6g的Al粉，进行烧结；
先在700℃保温20min，然后升温至800℃保温30min，并通入氩气，最后升温至900℃保温10min，再抽真空，最后随炉冷却，该超硬材料复合材料断裂韧性值为3.2MPam1/2。
实施例2
称取Al、SiO2、MoSi2、C、CBN 粉末20g，其质量分数配比分别为：0.2%，0.1%，85%，0.1%，14.6%，质量分别为0.04g，0.02g，17.0g，0.02g，2.92g，混合均匀后，加入2.4g的酚醛树脂，并混合均匀，然后在液压机上压制成型为5×5×40mm的条，烘干后，移入真空烧结炉中，铺上4g的Al粉，进行烧结；
先在720℃保温20min，然后升温至820℃保温10min，并通入氩气，最后升温至900℃保温5min，再抽真空，最后随炉冷却，该超硬复合材料断裂韧性值为3.0MPam1/2。
实施例3
一种陶瓷基Mo(Si，Al)2-CBN超硬材料的制备方法，其步骤如下：
（1）按以下质量分数配制陶瓷基Mo(Si，Al)2-CBN超硬材料的原料：Al 0.1%、SiO2 0.1%、C 0.1%、CBN 5%，余量为MoSi2，将Al、SiO2、C、CBN、MoSi2混合均匀后加入酚醛树脂，所述酚醛树脂的质量为Al、SiO2、C、CBN、MoSi2总质量的3%，并混合均匀，然后模压成型，烘干，得到坯料；
（2）将烘干后的坯料移入铺有铝粉的真空烧结炉中，铝粉的质量为Al、SiO2、C、CBN、MoSi2总质量的10%，然后在真空下进行烧结，烧结温度为500℃，保温5min，再继续升温至600℃，保温10min，并通入氮气，最后升温至650℃，再抽真空，后随炉冷却，得到陶瓷基Mo(Si，Al)2-CBN超硬材料。
实施例4
一种陶瓷基Mo(Si，Al)2-CBN超硬材料的制备方法，其步骤如下：
（1）按以下质量分数配制陶瓷基Mo(Si，Al)2-CBN超硬材料的原料Al 0.5%、SiO2 0.5%、C0.5%、CBN 15%，余量为MoSi2，将Al、SiO2、C、CBN、MoSi2混合均匀后加入酚醛树脂，所述酚醛树脂的质量为Al、SiO2、C、CBN、MoSi2总质量的18%，并混合均匀，然后模压成型，烘干，得到坯料；
（2）将烘干后的坯料移入铺有铝粉的真空烧结炉中，铝粉的质量为Al、SiO2、C、CBN、MoSi2总质量的20%，然后在真空下进行烧结，烧结温度为1450℃，保温40min，再继续升温至1680℃，保温50min，并通入氩气，最后升温至1800℃，再抽真空，后随炉冷却，得到陶瓷基Mo(Si，Al)2-CBN超硬材料。
实施例5
一种陶瓷基Mo(Si，Al)2-CBN超硬材料的制备方法，其步骤如下：
（1）按以下质量分数配制陶瓷基Mo(Si，Al)2-CBN超硬材料的原料：Al 0.2%、SiO2 0.2%、C 0.2%、CBN 10%，余量为MoSi2，将Al、SiO2、C、CBN、MoSi2混合均匀后加入酚醛树脂，所述酚醛树脂的质量为Al、SiO2、C、CBN、MoSi2总质量的15%，并混合均匀，然后模压成型，烘干，得到坯料；
（2）将烘干后的坯料移入铺有铝粉的真空烧结炉中，铝粉的质量为Al、SiO2、C、CBN、MoSi2总质量的30%，然后在真空下进行烧结，烧结温度为800℃，保温5-40min，再继续升温至1000℃，保温10-50min，并通入氮气或氩气，最后升温至1500 ℃，再抽真空，后随炉冷却，得到陶瓷基Mo(Si，Al)2-CBN超硬材料。

Claims (2)

1.一种陶瓷基Mo(Si，Al)2-CBN超硬材料的制备方法，其特征在于其步骤如下：
（1）按以下质量分数配制陶瓷基Mo(Si，Al)2-CBN超硬材料的原料：Al 0.1-0.5%、SiO2 0.1-0.5%、C 0.1-0.5%、CBN 5-15%，余量为MoSi2，将Al、SiO2、C、CBN、MoSi2混合均匀后加入酚醛树脂，所述酚醛树脂的质量为Al、SiO2、C、CBN、MoSi2总质量的3-18%，并混合均匀，然后模压成型，烘干，得到坯料；
（2）将烘干后的坯料移入铺有铝粉的真空烧结炉中，然后在真空下进行烧结，烧结温度为500-1450℃，保温5-40min，再继续升温至600-1680℃，保温10-50min，并通入氮气或氩气，最后升温至650-1800℃，再抽真空，后随炉冷却，得到陶瓷基Mo(Si，Al)2-CBN超硬材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷基Mo(Si，Al)2-CBN超硬材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述铝粉的质量为Al、SiO2、C、CBN、MoSi2总质量的10-30%。
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