CN106192402B - 带超滤抗菌膜的抗菌防霉涤锦复合超细纤维及生产方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种带超滤抗菌膜的抗菌防霉涤锦复合超细纤维及生产方法，它以超细涤纶纤维为芯线，依次包覆有中空纤维超滤抗菌膜和锦纶纤维层；所述中空纤维超滤抗菌膜是含抗菌材料的中空纤维超滤膜，在外包覆的锦纶纤维表面喷涂抗菌防霉剂。按本发明提供的带超滤抗菌膜的抗菌防霉涤锦复合超细纤维的生产方法所得到带超滤抗菌膜的抗菌防霉涤锦复合超细纤维，通过试验测试，其抗菌率达99.5%以上，防霉率达99.7%以上，本发明提供的中空纤维超滤抗菌膜，提高了中空纤维超滤膜对细菌的截留能力，从而使中空纤维超滤膜的抗菌性能更好，本发提供的抗菌防霉剂提高了锦纶纤维的抗菌防霉性能，由此可以实现涤锦复合超细纤维的既具抗菌能力又具防霉能力的多功能性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种纤维的生产技术，特别是带超滤抗菌膜的抗菌防霉涤锦复合超细纤维及生产方法。
背景技术
目前在涤锦复合超细纤维，都是采用超细涤纶纤维和超细锦纶纤维简单加捻而成，这种简单加捻的复合纤维，由于纤维性能的不同，给后处理带来了一定的难度，如均匀染色问题等，但如采用包覆复合，那么在功能性的涤锦复合超细纤维的生产中，又由于功能性材料的加入，会改变这些纤维材料的拉丝性能，给包覆的实现带来一定的难度。
纺织品是一种常与人体直接接触的材料，尤其是内衣织物等会有大量汗液、皮脂及各种分泌物附着，尤其在高温潮湿的条件下，这些物质会滋生细菌，导致皮肤疾病等的发生，所以纺织品的抗菌及防霉性得到了大家的一直关注。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决上述现有技术的不足而提供一种工艺简单、实现方便，抗菌防霉效果好的带超滤抗菌膜的抗菌防霉涤锦复合超细纤维及生产方法。
为了实现上述目的，本发明所设计的带超滤抗菌膜的抗菌防霉涤锦复合超细纤维，包括超细涤锦复合纤维、中空超滤抗菌膜和锦纶纤维，其中超细涤纶纤维为芯线，中空纤维超滤抗菌膜包覆在超细涤纶纤维外侧，锦纶纤维层包覆在中空纤维超滤抗菌膜外侧；
所述中空纤维超滤抗菌膜是含有抗菌材料的中空纤维超滤膜，其中中空纤维超滤膜和抗菌材料的重量份配比为中空纤维超滤膜为80份至90份，抗菌材料为10份至20份；所述抗菌材料由柠檬酸、去离子水、无水乙醇、钛酸四正丁酯、硝酸铕、硝酸银、硝酸钇、氨水、琼脂粉制备而得；其质量份数配比为柠檬酸5份、去离子水65份、无水乙醇15份、钛酸四正丁酯4份、硝酸铕0.5份、硝酸银0.7份、硝酸钇0.8份、氨水4份、琼脂粉5份；其中用乙醇稀释钛酸四正丁酯来使其更好地与柠檬酸水溶液络合得到钛的柠檬酸溶液，利用硝酸银来实现中空纤维超滤膜的抗菌性，利用含有稀土元素的硝酸铕和硝酸钇来提高中空纤维超滤膜的抗菌性，其中氨水用于调节反应体系的pH值，琼脂粉作为凝胶剂使得金属元素更好地与柠檬酸根进行络合。
所述锦纶纤维表面喷涂有抗菌防霉剂，其中按重量计的配比是20份至25份抗菌防霉剂，75份至80份锦纶；所述抗菌防霉剂中含有重量份配比为10份壳聚糖，8份纳米氧化锌，2份乙酸，80份去离子水，其中乙酸为壳聚糖和纳米氧化锌提供了溶解环境，利用壳聚糖和纳米氧化锌的耦合作用得到抗拒防霉剂，使得锦纶纤维具有抗菌防霉的功能。
为了使抗菌材料能够更好地融合到中空纤维超滤膜中，所述抗菌材料的粒径D90＜0.1μm。
所述超细涤锦纤维的芯线直径控制在0.1微米至1.0微米，包覆后的复合纤维直径控制在1微米至4微米。
在此，所述的超细纤维是指纤度0.3旦（直径5微米）以下的纤维。
一种带超滤抗菌膜的抗静电涤锦复合超细纤维的生产方法，包括以下步骤：
首先制备所述抗菌材料，称量5份柠檬酸溶于65份的去离子水中，缓慢滴加用15份无水乙醇稀释了的4份钛酸四正丁酯，再加入0.5份硝酸铕、0.7份硝酸银、0.8份硝酸钇、4份氨水和5份琼脂粉，70℃下剧烈搅拌反应 3h，冷却后得到的凝胶体在1000℃下煅烧3h，最后将得到的抗菌材料进行研磨，其中分数均为重量份；
再将所述重量份为10份至20份的抗菌材料加入到重量份为80份至90份的中空纤维超滤膜的熔体中，等到抗菌材料在中空纤维超滤膜的熔体中分布均匀后，然后通过包覆纺丝将中空纤维超滤抗菌膜包覆在超细涤纶纤维的芯线外；
将重量份配比为壳聚糖10份，纳米氧化锌8份，乙酸2份，去离子水80份混合，搅拌均匀得到抗菌防霉剂，再将20份至25份的抗菌防霉剂喷涂在75份至80份锦纶纤维层的表面，通过包覆纺丝将喷涂有抗菌防霉剂的锦纶纤维层包覆在已经包覆有中空纤维超滤抗菌膜的超细涤纶纤维外，形成复合纤维；其中超细涤纶纤维的芯线纺丝温度控制在290℃，中空纤维超滤抗菌膜的纺丝温度控制在250℃，锦纶纤维层的纺丝温度控制在260℃。在拉丝过程中控制超细涤锦纤维的芯线直径控制在0.1微米至1.0微米，包覆后的复合纤维直径控制在1微米至4微米。
按本发明提供的带超滤抗菌膜的抗菌防霉涤锦复合超细纤维，通过对内外包覆结构的设置，复合纤维既具有涤纶的良好纤维特性，又具有锦纶的良好纤维特性，并且兼具良好的抗菌防霉功能；通过采用具有代表性的抗菌性能测试方法GB15979-2002标准测试，本发明提供的带超滤抗菌膜的抗菌防霉涤锦复合超细纤维，其抗菌率达99.5%以上，防霉率在99.7%以上。在涤锦复合超细纤维中引入中空超滤纤维膜，可提高涤锦复合超细纤维的亲水性，并且可将细菌、细菌碎片、病毒、与细菌大小相仿的微小悬浮物、胶体、热源等近100%地截留。其中抗菌材料采用凝胶络合法与燃烧法相结合制备得到纳米级粉体，原料中掺入稀土元素铕和钇，结合银离子，进一步提高了杀菌作用。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1：
本实施例提供的带超滤抗菌膜的抗菌防霉涤锦复合超细纤维，包括超细涤锦复合纤维、中空纤维超滤膜和锦纶纤维，其中以超细涤纶纤维为芯线，先外包覆中空纤维超滤抗菌膜层，通过包覆纺丝将喷涂有抗菌防霉剂的锦纶纤维层包覆在已经包覆有中空纤维超滤抗菌膜的超细涤纶纤维外；锦纶与抗菌防霉剂的重量份配比为锦纶75份，抗菌防霉剂25份，其中抗菌防霉剂中的物质成份重量份配比为壳聚糖10份，纳米氧化锌8份，乙酸2份，去离子水80份；抗菌材料与中空纤维超滤膜的重量份配比为抗菌材料10份，中空纤维超滤膜90份，所述的纳米粉体材料是粉体粒径达到D90＜0.1μm的纳米级粉体；
本实施例提供的带超滤抗菌膜的抗菌防霉涤锦复合超细纤维的生产方法，包括采用上述带超滤抗菌膜的抗菌防霉涤锦复合超细纤维，首先制备抗菌材料，将5份柠檬酸溶于65份的去离子水中，滴加用15份无水乙醇稀释了的4份钛酸四正丁酯，再加入0.5份硝酸铕、0.7份硝酸银、0.8份硝酸钇、4份氨水和5份琼脂粉，70℃下剧烈搅拌反应 3h，冷却后得到凝胶在1000℃下煅烧3h，最后将得到的抗菌材料研磨至粉体粒径达到D90＜0.1μm的纳米级粉体，再将重量份为10份的抗菌纳米粉体材料加入到重量份为90份中空纤维超滤膜的熔体中，抗菌纳米粉体材料在中空纤维超滤膜的熔体中均匀分布后，通过包覆纺丝将中空纤维超滤抗菌膜包覆在超细涤纶纤维的芯线外，将重量份配比为壳聚糖10份，纳米氧化锌8份，乙酸2份，去离子水80份混合，搅拌均匀得到抗菌防霉剂，通过包覆纺丝将喷涂有抗菌防霉剂的锦纶纤维层包覆在已经包覆有中空纤维超滤抗菌膜的超细涤纶纤维外，形成复合纤维；其中超细涤纶纤维的芯线纺丝温度控制在290℃，中空纤维超滤抗菌膜的纺丝温度控制在250℃。拉丝过程中，超细涤锦纤维的芯线直径控制在1.5微米以下，包覆后的复合纤维直径控制在4微米以下，得到带超滤抗菌膜的抗菌防霉涤锦复合超细纤维。
通过测试，本实施例提供的带超滤抗菌膜的抗菌防霉涤锦复合超细纤维，通过实验测试，其抗菌率达99.5%以上，防霉率达99.9%以上，纤维强度为7.0cN/dtex，中空纤维超滤抗菌膜能顺利在超细涤纶纤维的芯线外包覆拉丝，锦纶能顺利在中空纤维超滤抗菌膜层外包覆拉丝，复合后的带超滤抗菌膜的抗菌防霉涤锦复合超细纤维直径为4微米。
实施例2：
本实施例提供的带超滤抗菌膜的抗菌防霉涤锦复合超细纤维，其组分与实施例1相同，具体区别在于锦纶和抗菌防霉剂的重量份配比为：锦纶为80份，抗菌防霉剂为20份；通过测试，本实施例提供的带超滤抗菌膜的抗菌防霉涤锦复合超细纤维，其抗菌率达99.5%以上，防霉率达99.7%以上，纤维强度为7.0cN/dtex，中空纤维超滤抗菌膜能顺利在超细涤纶纤维的芯线外包覆拉丝，锦纶能顺利在中空纤维超滤抗菌膜层外包覆拉丝，复合后的带超滤抗菌膜的抗菌防霉涤锦复合超细纤维直径为4微米。
实施例3：
本实施例提供的带超滤抗菌膜的抗菌防霉涤锦复合超细纤维，其组分与实施例1相同，具体区别在于锦纶和抗菌防霉剂的重量份配比为：锦纶为77份，抗菌防霉剂为13份；通过测试，本实施例提供的带超滤抗菌膜的抗菌防霉涤锦复合超细纤维，其抗菌率达99.5%以上，防霉率达99.8%以上，纤维强度为7.0cN/dtex，中空纤维超滤抗菌膜能顺利在超细涤纶纤维的芯线外包覆拉丝，锦纶能顺利在中空纤维超滤抗菌膜层外包覆拉丝，复合后的带超滤抗菌膜的抗菌防霉涤锦复合超细纤维直径为4微米。
Claims (4)
1.一种带超滤抗菌膜的抗菌防霉涤锦复合超细纤维，它包括超细涤锦复合纤维，其特征是所述的超细涤锦复合纤维是以超细涤纶纤维为芯线，在芯线外层依次包覆有中空纤维超滤抗菌膜和锦纶纤维层，所述锦纶纤维层表面喷涂有抗菌防霉剂，所述中空纤维超滤抗菌膜是含有抗菌材料的中空纤维超滤膜，其中中空纤维超滤膜与抗菌材料的重量份配比为中空纤维超滤膜为80份至90份，抗菌材料为10份至20份，其中抗菌材料包括柠檬酸、去离子水、无水乙醇、钛酸四正丁酯、硝酸铕、硝酸银、硝酸钇、氨水、琼脂粉；按质量份数计：柠檬酸5份、去离子水65份、无水乙醇15份、钛酸四正丁酯4份、硝酸铕0.5份、硝酸银0.7份、硝酸钇0.8份、氨水4份、琼脂粉5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的带超滤抗菌膜的抗菌防霉涤锦复合超细纤维，其特征是所述锦纶纤维层表面喷涂有抗菌防霉剂，锦纶与抗菌防霉剂的重量份配比为锦纶75份至80份，抗菌防霉剂20份至25份，其中抗菌防霉剂含有壳聚糖、纳米氧化锌、乙酸、去离子水，重量份配比为壳聚糖10份，纳米氧化锌8份，乙酸2份，去离子水80份。
3.一种如权利要求1或2所述的带超滤抗菌膜的抗菌防霉涤锦复合超细纤维的生产方法，其特征是所述中空纤维超滤抗菌膜是将10份至20份已经研磨至粉体粒径达到D90＜0.1μm的纳米级粉体的抗菌材料加入到80份至90份的中空纤维超滤膜的熔体中而得到的中空纤维超滤抗菌膜，等到抗菌材料在中空纤维超滤膜的熔体中分布均匀后，然后通过包覆纺丝将中空纤维超滤抗菌膜包覆在超细涤纶纤维的芯线外；将重量份配比为壳聚糖10份，纳米氧化锌8份，乙酸2份，去离子水80份混合，搅拌均匀得到抗菌防霉剂，再将20份至25份的抗菌防霉剂喷涂在75份至80份锦纶纤维层的表面，通过包覆纺丝将喷有抗菌防霉剂的锦纶纤维层包覆在已经包覆有中空纤维超滤抗菌膜的超细涤纶纤维外，形成复合纤维；其中超细涤纶纤维的芯线纺丝温度控制在290℃，中空纤维超滤抗菌膜的纺丝温度控制在250℃，锦纶纤维层的纺丝温度控制在260℃。
4.根据权利要求3所述的带超滤抗菌膜的抗菌防霉涤锦复合超细纤维的生产方法，其特征是所述抗菌材料是将5份柠檬酸溶于65份的去离子水中，滴加用15份无水乙醇稀释了的4份钛酸四正丁酯，再加入0.5份硝酸铕、0.7份硝酸银、0.8份硝酸钇、4份氨水和5份琼脂粉，70℃下反应 3h，冷却后1000℃下煅烧3h，最后将得到的抗菌材料研磨至粉体粒径达到D90＜0.1μm的纳米级粉体。
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Effective date of registration: 20210118 Address after: No.7, Xiwu Road, Jingbei village committee, Zhangxi she autonomous Township, Dongyuan County, Heyuan City, Guangdong Province 517551 Patentee after: Wu Shanshan Address before: 315000 room 7015, Zhejiang science and technology building, 1558 Jiangnan Road, hi tech Zone, Ningbo. Patentee before: Chen Xiaochu |
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Effective date of registration: 20210926 Address after: No.108, Xiwu Street South Road, Fenghua District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province Patentee after: NINGBO SHIJIA CLEANING TOOLS Co.,Ltd. Address before: No.7, Xiwu Road, Jingbei village committee, Zhangxi she autonomous Township, Dongyuan County, Heyuan City, Guangdong Province 517551 Patentee before: Wu Shanshan |
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